阅读理解·组合限时练(二)

阅读理解·组合限时练(二)(限时30分钟)A(2023·眉山三模)Abunchofflowers,aboxofchocolatesandabottleofwinearetheclassicmoveswhenitcomestobuyingthebestMother'sDaygifts.Ifyouwantsomethingalittledifferentthisyear,we'vepreparedaguidetofinegiftsforyourmother,grandmotherormother-in-law.PersonalizedChoppingBoard(切菜板)From￡40,EtsyQuickestdelivery:5－7days,freeAgoodchoppingboardwillstaywithyouforlife.ThiswoodenboardishandmadeinaYorkshireworkshop,andcanbepersonalizedononeorbothsides.Sizesvaryfromsmalltoextralarge.Bloom&WildFlowerSubscription￡104forsixmonths,Bloom&WildGivethegiftoffreshflowersonceamonth,forsixmonthswiththiswellpricedBloom&Wildgiftsubscription.Itworksoutat￡17.33perbunch.That'saprettygooddealconsideringtheaveragebunchatBloom&Wildcostsnearer￡25.TheBodyShopRoseQuartzGuaShaStone￡15,TheBodyShopQuickestdelivery:nextdayifyouorderbefore11am,￡4.99ThepracticeofguashaisrootedinancientChinesemedicinebutbecamethenumberonewesternbeautytrendin2020afterinfluencersandbeautyeditorsalikewerecrazyabouthowitmadetheirfacesappearmoreattractive.Itinvolvescombingaguashaalongyourcheeks,jawline,chinandaroundyourmouthindelicatedraggingmotionstode-puff(消肿)．FitbitInspire2￡44.99,JohnLewisQuickestdelivery:nextdayfrom￡7.50It'sacommonmisconceptionthatyouhavetobreakthebanktobuyafitnesswatch,butthisFitbitwatchsuggestsotherwise.Forlessthan￡50,shegetsatrackerofactivity,heart-rateandsleep,aswellasabatterythatlastsupto10days.语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一些适合母亲节的礼物。1．HowmuchmayyearlysubscribedflowerscostatBloom&Wild?A．￡100. B．￡104.C．￡208. D．￡300.解析：选C细节理解题。根据Bloom&WildFlowerSubscription部分中的“￡104forsixmonths,Bloom&Wild”可知，Bloom&Wild花店订阅六个月是104英镑，故订阅一年是208英镑。2．Whatmadeguashapopularin2020?A．Itsbeautifyingeffect.B．Itseasy-to-usefeature.C．Itsbodyweightcontrol.D．ItsChinesemedicineorigin.解析：选A细节理解题。根据TheBodyShopRoseQuartzGuaShaStone部分中的“Thepracticeofguasha...becamethenumberonewesternbeautytrendin2020...appearmoreattractive.”可知，刮痧由于其美容功效在2020年变得流行。3．WhatisspecialaboutFitbitInspire2?A．Itiswater-proof.B．Itisreasonablypriced.C．Ithasalongbatterylife.D．Itcantrackusers'activity.解析：选B细节理解题。根据FitbitInspire2部分“It'sacommonmisconceptionthatyouhavetobreakthebanktobuyafitnesswatch,butthisFitbitwatchsuggestsotherwise.Forlessthan￡50...”可知，FitbitInspire2的特殊之处在于它价格合理。B(2023·大连二模)OnedayHilaryKriegerwassittinginherparents'homewhenherfriendaccidentallysquirted(喷，射)himselfwithanorangeslice.“Isaid，‘Oh,theorangejustorbisculated，’”sherecalls.“Andhesaid，‘Itdidwhat？’”Thetwomadea$5bet,andHilaryconfidentlygrabbedthefamilydictionary.But“orbisculate”issomehownotinthedictionary!Hilaryburstintoherdad'sstudyandtoldhimtheshockingnews.Helookedkindofembarrassed,andsaidhehadmadeupthiswordincollegeanddefineditas“Whenyoudigyourspoonintoagrapefruitanditsquirtsjuicedirectlyintoyoureye.”Hehadjustbeenusingitallthetime.Shewasmadathiswordsbutquicklycametoseeherdad'smade-upwordasagift,onethatshowedhiscreativityandinventivespirit.Twodecadeslater,Hilaryfoundherselftellingthatfunnystoryagainandagain.Herfather,NeilKrieger,passedawayinApril2020atage78.ThenHilarybegantothinkthat“orbisculate”issuchagreatword;itshouldbeinthedictionary!Gettingawordintothedictionaryisn'teasy.Merriam-Websteraddsonlyabout1,000newwordstoitsmasterdatabaseeveryyear.Onlywordswithalargeandbroadreadershipinpublicationscanenterthedictionary.ThenHilary,44,hatchedaplan.Shebuiltawebsitecalledandencouragedpeopletousethewordpubliclyenough.Manyfriendsandstrangersareinspired.SomewearT-shirtswiththewordprintedonthem.Someusethewordinanonlinecrosswordpuzzle.Someevenputahomemadeorbisculationwarningsigninagrocerystore.IthasbeenthreeyearssinceNeil'sdeath.Eveniftheworddoesn'tmakeitintothedictionary,Hilaryfeelsherefforttogetherfather'swordintothedictionaryhashelpedherrecapturealittleofthejoythathasbeenmissingfromtheirlives.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了希拉里的父亲创造了一个全新的词汇。希拉里在父亲去世后努力使这个词汇被纳入《韦氏词典》的故事。4．Whatcanweknowabouttheword“orbisculate”？A．Itwaswidelyacknowledged.B．Itwasmadeuptotrickothers.C．Itwasofpracticaluse.D．ItwaswronglyusedbyHilary.解析：选C推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Helookedkindofembarrassed...hadjustbeenusingitallthetime.”可知，这个词可以解释果汁喷到眼睛里的具体场景，而且父亲一直在用orbisculate这个词，说明这个词很实用。5．What'sthefunctionofParagraph4?A．Presentingsomeevidence.B．Addingsomebackground.C．Introducinganewtopic.D．Makingacomparison.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第四段“Gettingawordintothedictionaryisn'teasy...1,000newwords...Onlywordswithalargeandbroadreadershipinpublicationscanenterthedictionary.”可知，本段讲述了如何才能把一个新词添加到《韦氏词典》中，即讲述了希拉里想把父亲创造的词纳入《韦氏词典》这件事的背景。6．WhydidHilarybuildawebsite?A．Tomakeaprofit.B．Toappreciatefriendsandstrangers.C．Tomemorizeherfather.D．Togetthewordofficiallyrecognized.解析：选D推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Shebuiltawebsitecalledandencouragedpeopletousethewordpubliclyenough.”可知，希拉里建立网站是为了让人们多使用这个词汇，因为上文提到只有足够多的使用量才能使这个词被官方认可，由此推断出希拉里建立网站的最终目的是使这个词汇获得官方认可。7．What'sthebesttitleofthetext?A．Warning：ThisFruitMayOrbisculateB．Love：ADaughterRecallsHerFatherC．Wonder：AWordWentIntoDictionaryD．Memory：ACreativeandInventiveFather解析：选A标题归纳题。根据第一段“Oneday...‘Oh,theorangejustorbisculated，’sherecalls.”并结合全文可知，全文围绕着希拉里和父亲经常使用orbisculate这个他独创的词汇及她在父亲去世后为了使orbisculate这个词被纳入《韦氏词典》而做出的努力，由此推断出全文是围绕orbisculate这个词展开的，A项“警告：这种水果汁会喷入你的眼睛里”，可作为本文的标题。[谨防最易错的那一个]错因：本题易误选C。部分考生根据第三段中的“ThenHilarybegantothinkthat‘orbisculate’issuchagreatword;itshouldbeinthedictionary！”以及下文希拉里作出的种种努力而误选C项。分析：选项C属于主题扩大，即概括的范围过大，超过文章实际讨论的内容。根据全文内容可知，文章是围绕主题词“orbisculate”展开的，A项与文章主题契合，适合作标题。C(2023·潍坊二模)Aswinterarrives,theproblemoffogged-upcarwindscreensbecomesmorepressingfordrivers.Anti-mistingsprays(喷雾剂)areonewaytodealwithsuchfogging.Buttheyneedfrequentreapplication.Anotherapproachistofixwithinthethingtobedemistedasetofelectricallypoweredheatingwires.Butbecauseofthevisualdistraction(分心)created,thatdoesn'tworkforacar'sfrontwindscreen.IranHachlerandDimosPoulikakosoftheSwissFederalInstituteofTechnologyinZurichhave,however,comeupwithanotherwayofwarmingsomethinguptostopfogforming.Theirnewmaterialisacoatingtennanometres(纳米)thick.Itisflexible,easilymadeusingexistingprocesses,andcanbeappliedasacoatingtoglassorplastic,orinsetinsidesuchmaterials.Itsdemistingpropertiesarepoweredbysunlight.Ineffect,itisagoldsandwich.The“bread”ofthissandwichisapairoflayers(层),topandbottom,ofachemicalmaterial,eachthreenanometresthick.Thefillingisafour-nanometredeepgoldenmaterial.Thewholestructureletsvisiblelightpassunlimited,whileabsorbinginvisiblelightsandtransformingthemintoheat.Itisthefillingthatwarmstheglass.Goldactsasamediumintheheatingprocess.Thenetworkwillnowabsorbheatifleftinthesunshine.Thetopandbottomlayersboostthatabsorption.GlasscoatedwithMrHachler'sandDrPoulikakos'sinventionis,theyclaim,fourtimesmoreeffectiveatpreventingfogthananuncoatedsurface.Itabsorbsaround30%ofsolarradiationincidentuponit—which,onasunnyday,increasesthetemperatureofwhatitisappliedtobyaround8℃.Onacloudyday,thattemperatureriseiscloserto3－4℃.Butineithercasetheenhancementissufficientbothtoremoveanyfogthathasformedandtopreventnewfogforming.Thenextstep,MrHachlersays,istofindtheproduct'sbestmarket.Eventhoughgoldisused,thecostofaddingthisextraoneislow.Forthetwoinventors,though,theideamightproveagoldmine.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。随着冬天的到来，汽车挡风玻璃被雾遮住的问题对司机来说变得更加紧迫。针对此问题文章介绍了一种新的解决方法。8．Whatisthedisadvantageofanti-mistingsprays?A．Theyhavenolastingeffect.B．Theydamagethewindscreens.C．Theyturnthedrivers'attentionaway.D．Theyareconstantlypoweredbyelectricity.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第一段中“Aswinterarrives...Anti-mistingsprays(喷雾剂)...needfrequentreapplication.”可知，防雾喷雾剂的缺点是它们没有持久的效果。9．Whatisthefunctionofthecenterlayer?A．Tosaveupheat.B．Toprotectthegold.C．Toproduceelectricity.D．Toheatthewindscreens.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Thewholestructureletsvisiblelightpassunlimited...Itisthefillingthatwarmstheglass.Goldactsasamediumintheheatingprocess.”可知，中间层的作用是为了加热挡风玻璃。[谨防最易错的那一个]错因：本题易误选A。部分考生根据第三段中的“...absorbinginvisiblelightsandtransformingthemintoheat”就误认为这是保存热量。分析：选项A属于“以偏概全”。命题者设计选项时故意增删、改动文中表示范围限制或表示程度轻重的词语干扰考生，主要以部分代整体(或相反)、以个别代一般(或相反)、以特殊代普遍(或相反)等，从而使考生做出错误的判断。要判断“以偏概全”干扰项，在阅读文章时，一要特别注意词语前边的修饰与限制词，看选项与原文中的指代内容是否存在范围、程度上的差异；二要注意原文表述是涵盖全部还是有所针对。本题结合下句“Itisthefillingthatwarmstheglass”就可判断出中间层的作用是为了加热挡风玻璃。10．WhatcanbeinferredabouttheinventionfromParagraph4?A．Itisuselessoncloudydays.B．Itisunabletoworkatnight.C．Coatedglassabsorbsthevisiblelights.D．Uncoatedglasslowersthetemperatureby8℃.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第四段中的“onasunnyday...Onacloudyday,thattemperatureriseiscloserto3－4℃.Butineithercasetheenhancementissufficientbothtoremoveanyfogthathasformedandtopreventnewfogforming.”可推断出这项发明不能在晚上工作。11．Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthenewinvention?A．Itisverycostly.B．Ithitsthemarketwell.C．Itishighlyprofitable.D．Itneedsfurtherimprovement.解析：选C观点态度题。根据最后一段“Thenextstep,MrHachlersays,istofindtheproduct'sbestmarket...though,theideamightproveagoldmine.”可知，作者认为这项新发明是高利润的。D(2023·汕头二模)“MonaLisa's”famoussmileisroutinelydescribedasambiguous.Butisitreallythathardtoread?Apparentlynot.Inanunusualtrial,closeto100percentofpeopledescribedherexpressionas“happy”．The“MonaLisa”isoftenheldupasasymbolofemotionalmystery.Kornmeier,theGermanscientist,andateamuseditinastudyoffactorsthatinfluencehowhumansjudgevisualcluessuchasfacialexpressions.UsingacopyofthemasterpiecebyLeonardodaVinci,theteammovedthemodel'smouthcornersslightlyupanddowntocreateeightalteredimages.Theycreatedfour“happier”andfour“sadder”“MonaLisas”．Ablockofnineimageswereshownto12trialparticipants30times.Ineveryshowingthepictureswererandomlyrearranged.Thenparticipantshadtodescribeeachofthenineimagesashappyorsad.“Giventhedescriptionsfromartandarthistory,wethoughtthattheoriginalwouldbethemostambiguous，”Kornmeiersaid.Instead,“WefoundthatdaVinci'soriginalwasperceivedashappyin97percentofcases.”Thesecondexperimentinvolvedtheoriginal“MonaLisa”witheight“sadder”versions.Theseweregivenevenmoresubtle(微妙的)differencesintheliptilt(倾斜)．Inthistest,theoriginalwasstilldescribedashappy.However,participants'readingoftheotherimageschanged.“Theywereperceivedalittlesadderthaninthefirstexperiment，”saidKornmeier.Thefindingsconfirmthat“wedon'thaveanabsolutefixedscaleofhappinessandsadnessinourbrain”—andthatalotdependsoncontext,theresearcherexplained.Understandingthisprocessmaybeusefulinthestudyofpsychiatric(精神病学的)disorders.Asforthemasterpieceitself,theteambelievetheirworkhasfinallysettledacenturies-oldquestion.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了德国科学家Kornmeier和他的团队用《蒙娜丽莎》来研究影响人类如何判断面部表情等视觉线索的因素。12．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ambiguous”meaninthefirstparagraph?A．Strange. B．Happy.C．Sad. D．Unclear.解析：选D词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“Butisitreallythathardtoread？”可知，很多人觉得蒙娜丽莎的微笑是难解读的，也就是搞不清楚蒙娜丽莎的微笑，因此画线词ambiguous的意思是“不明朗的”，和unclear意思相近。13．WhatisthepurposeofthestudyledbyKornmeier?A．Tocreatecopiesofalteredimages.B．Toansweracenturies-oldquestion.C．Toanalyzewhataffecthumans'visualjudgement.D．Todescribetheambiguoussmileofthemasterpiece.解析：选C推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Kornmeier,theGermanscientist,andateamuseditinastudyoffactorsthatinfluencehowhumansjudgevisualcluessuchasfacialexpressions.”可知，Kornmeier领导的这项研究的目的是分析影响人类视觉判断的因素。14．Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstexperiment?A．Theexperimentwasrandomlyarranged.B．Theresultprovedth