新教材2023年高中英语Unit2MoralsandVirtuesSectionⅡDiscoveringUsefulStructures学案新人教版必修第三册

SectionⅡDiscoveringUsefulStructures单元语法精析Grammar—动词-ing形式作宾补和状语知识概览探究发现①…andiftheyentrustmewiththatlife,howcouldIrefusethattrust,sayingI’mcold,hungry,ortired?②“Whyshouldgirlslearnsomuch？Findingagoodhusbandshouldbetheirfinalgoal！”herbrothercomplained,thinkingofthehightuitionfees.③Thinkingofallthepeoplestillinneedofhelp,DrLinopenedaprivateclinic.④Attimesshewasevenseenridingadonkeytofarawayvillagestoprovidemedicalcare.⑤ThenewPeople’sRepublicofChinasawDrLinQiaozhiplayingakeyrole.[我的发现](1)动词-ing形式作状语的句子为句__①②③__。(2)动词-ing形式作宾补的句子为句__④⑤__。要点突破一、动词-ing形式作宾补动词-ing形式置于某些及物动词和宾语之后，补充说明宾语的动作或状态。在这种情况下，及物动词通常是表示感觉和心理状态的感官动词或使役动词。AMexicanfarmerwassurprisedtoseesmokerisingfromasmallpartofhisland.一位墨西哥农民惊讶地发现烟从他的一小块地里冒了出来。IfeltmyheartbeatingviolentlywhenIwasseeingthe70thanniversaryofthefoundationofChina.我看新中国成立70周年庆典的时候，感到心潮澎湃。1．动词-ing形式在感官动词后作宾补。在see，hear，feel，watch，notice等感官动词后，用动词的-ing形式构成复合宾语，表示一个正在进行的主动的动作，强调一个过程或一种状态。Inthecrowdedcafe，Iheardafriendlyvoicesaying，“Youcansharemytable.”在这个拥挤的咖啡馆，我听到一个友好的声音在说：“你可以和我坐在一桌。”DrJubiladosaid，“Icouldseethemactuallywalkingunderthesea.”DrJubilado说：“我能看到他们确实在海底行走，”eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(M))名师点津在see，hear，feel，watch，notice等感官动词后，既可用动词的-ing形式构成复合宾语，也可用省略to的不定式构成复合宾语，两者之间有一定的区别。用动词的-ing形式时，表示动作正在进行；用省略to的不定式时，表示动作发生了，即动作的全过程结束了。Todayonmywayhome，Isawamanrunningalongthestreethurriedly.今天在回家的路上，我看到一个男人正匆忙地从街上跑过。Isawhimentertheroomandtakesomethingaway.我看到他进入房间，并拿着东西离开了。eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(J))即学即练1完成句子①I__noticed__athief__stealingmoney__fromtheoldwoman’spocketyesterday.昨天我注意到一个小偷正在从那位上年纪的女士口袋里偷钱。②She__heardsomeoneknocking__atthedoor.她听到有人在敲门。③He__sawagirlgetonthecaranddriveoff__．他看见一个女孩上车把车开走了。④Canyou__hearhersinging__thesonginthenextroom?你能听见她在隔壁唱歌吗？2．动词-ing形式在使役动词后作宾补。使役动词接动词-ing形式作宾补，表示“让……一直做某事”。It’scold.Weshouldhavethefireburningallthetime.天气冷。我们本应该让火一直燃烧着。Iwon’thaveyourunningaboutintheroom.我不允许你一直在房间里跑来跑去。eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(M))名师点津(1)have/get＋宾语＋done，done是过去分词作宾补。包括两层意思：①让别人去做某事。Hewillhave/getthecomputerrepairedtomorrow.他明天让人给他修电脑。②(主语)遭受到(意外的损失或不幸)。Hehad/gothiscomputerstolentheotherday.前几天他的电脑被偷了。(2)have＋宾语＋dosth.意为“让某人去做某事”。Motherhasmegototheshoptobuysomefruit.妈妈让我去商店买一些水果。(3)leave(使……处于某种状态)，keep(使……保持某种状态)后一般跟分词作补语，而不跟动词不定式。Manyteacherskeepparentsinformedofchildren’sperformanceinthekindergartenbysharingvideosonWeChat.许多老师通过在微信上分享视频让家长知晓孩子们在幼儿园的表现。eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(J))即学即练2单句语法填空①Mr.SmithsuggestedagoodwaytohaveherwrittenEnglish__improved__(improve)inashortperiod.②Don’tleavethewater__running__(run)whileyoubrushyourteeth.③Motherhasthelittlegirl__play__(play)thepianothisafternoon.④Heneededtohavesomepaperwork__delivered__(deliver)acrossthecountrythenextday.3．动词-ing形式在with复合结构中的应用在with复合结构中，动词-ing形式充当宾补，表示动作“正在进行”。SingingYoudon’tknowlove,FaHai,shethrewthetortoiseintotheriver,withtearsfillinghereyes.她唱着《法海你不懂爱》，把那只乌龟扔进了河里，眼里满是泪水。eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(M))名师点津在with复合结构中，也可以使用过去分词和不定式作宾补。Alltheafternoonheworkedwiththedoorlocked.整个下午他都锁着门在房里工作。Ican’tgooutwithalltheseclothestowash.要洗这些衣服，我无法出去了。eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(J))即学即练3单句语法填空①Ilovemyschoolwithstudents__working__(work)hardtorealizetheirdreamsandteachers__helping__(help)uslikeourparents.②China’simageisimprovingsteadily,withmorecountries__recognizing__(recognize)itsroleininternationalaffairs.③WithChristmas__approaching__(approach),aChristmaspartywillbeheldintheschool.二、动词-ing形式作状语动词-ing形式可以作状语，修饰动词，在句中表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式或伴随等。动词-ing形式作时间、原因、条件、让步状语时多位于句首；作结果、伴随状语时常位于句末。SwallowingLittleRedHat,thewolfwenttobedandslept.大灰狼吞下了小红帽，然后上床睡觉了。(时间状语)IfeelproudknowingyourinterestinChinesehistory.得知你对中国历史感兴趣我很高兴。(原因状语)1．动词-ing形式表示时间。Hearingthesestories,I’mskepticalabouttheplace.(＝WhenIheardthesestories…)当我听到这些故事的时候，我对这个地方有点怀疑。2．动词-ing形式表示原因。Notknowinghisaddress,Ican’tsendthisbooktohim.(＝AsIdon’tknowhisaddress…)因为不知道他的地址，我不能把这本书寄给他。3．动词-ing形式表示结果。Hisfatherdied,leavinghimalotofmoney.(＝…andlefthimalotofmoney.)他父亲死了，留给他许多钱。4．动词-ing形式表示条件。Goingstraightdowntheroad,youwillfindthedepartmentstore.(＝Ifyougostraightdowntheroad…)顺着这条路一直走，你就会发现那家百货商店。5．动词-ing形式表示让步。Beingtired,theywentonworking.(Althoughtheyweretired…)尽管很累了，可他们继续工作。6．动词-ing形式表示行为方式、伴随情况或补充说明。Helayonthegrass,staringattheskyforalongtime.(＝…andstaredattheskyforalongtime.)他躺在草地上，长时间地望着天空。eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(M))名师点津非谓语动词作状语时，如果提供的动词不能和句子中的主语保持一致，动词-ing形式必须有自己的逻辑主语，通常由名词或人称代词(主格)来担任，这就是独立主格结构。Thelastbushavinggone,wehadtowalkhome.末班车已经开走了，我们不得不走回家。(havinggone的逻辑主语是thelastbus，而不是we)Weatherpermitting,thefootballmatchwillbeplayedonFriday.天气允许的话，足球赛将在周五举行。(permitting的逻辑主语是time，而不是thefootballmatch)eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(J))即学即练4单句语法填空①__Havingfinished__(finish)hishomework,hewasplayingontheplayground.②__Studying__(study)hard,youaresuretogetfirstprize.③Peopleuseplasticintheirdailylife,__leaving__(leave)largeamountsofwaste.④__Working__(work)hardatyourlessons,youaretosucceed.⑤Theoldman,__havingworked__(work)abroadfortwentyyears,isonthewaybacktohismotherland.语法专练Ⅰ．单句语法填空1．Themotherhadtheboy__cleaning__(clean)theroomthewholeafternoon.2．IwasbusywithmyhomeworksoIdidn’tnoticehim__leaving__(leave)．3．__Working__(work)hard,youwillmakegreatprogressinyourEnglish.4．__Gathering__(gather)aroundthefire,thetouristsdancedwiththelocalpeople.5．Hurryup！Youshouldn’tkeepyourfriends__waiting__(wait)forsuchalongtime.6．Thecoolwindsweptthroughourbedroomwindows，__making__(make)airconditioningunnecessary.7．__Havingstruggled__(struggle)foryears,hefinallybecameworldchampion.8．Hesuddenlywokeupatmidnightwhenheheardsomeone__knocking__(knock)athisdoor.9．Onthebankoftheriver,wefoundhim__lying__(lie)onabench,withhiseyesfixedonthekiteinthesky.10．__Havingbeenasked__(ask)toworkovertimethatevening,Tommissedawonderfulfilm.Ⅱ．完成句子1．__Hearingthenews__，hejumpedwithjoy.听到这个消息，他欣喜若狂。2．Ithink__itinterestingtolearn__English.我认为学英语很有意思。3．__Seeingtheteachercomein__，allthestudentsstoodup.看到老师进来，所有学生都站了起来。4．__Withotherrunnersfollowinghim__，hewonthefirstplaceinthisrace.其他的运动员紧随其后，他在这次比赛中获得第一名。5．He__can’thavehisdaughterarrivinghome__late.他不容许女儿晚回家。Ⅲ．语法主题应用根据下面汉语提示写一篇小短文。1．在回家的路上，我们看到一个大树枝躺在马路上。(动词-ing形式作宾语补足语)2．考虑到它会带来麻烦，我们决定把它移走。(动词-ing形式作原因状语