2023年大同市矿区考研《英语一》深度自测卷含解析

2023年大同市矿区考研《英语一》深度自测卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Asatemporaryteacher,mydailyroutine1drivingtoanewschool2everyday,soI’musuallyunabletoanticipate(预料)theday’sevents,goodorbad.Ononeparticularday,Iwasteachinginavery3class.Iwasmanagingbehaviorallthemorningandbylunchtime,Ineededcoffeeto4theafternoon.Soatmylunch5,Idrovetoanearbyplazatogetacupof6.Uponreturningtothecar,IrealizedIhad7mykeysandmyphone8.Ihadabout15minutestogetbacktotheschoolwhichwasagood4–or–5minute9.Ithoughtofrushingback,butitbeing10,Ithoughtanastyfallonicewouldonlymakethesituationmuch11.SoIranintoaMcDonald’swhichwasinthe12plazaandaskedthemanatthecounterwho13tobethemanagertohelpmecallatab.I14explainedmysituationandhehurriedtothebacktousethephone15Ipacedintherestaurant.Themanagerreturned16totellmethatthecabcompanyhadputhimonholdandthenthelinegot17.Myexpressionbegantoresemblesomecombinationofhopelessnessandfear.Almostimmediately,themanagergrabbedhiscoatand18todrivemetotheschool.Without19,Ifollowedhimintohiscarandmadebackintomyclassroomwith2minutesto20beforethebell!1、A．concludesB．involvesC．relatesD．connects2、A．almostB．hardlyC．reallyD．luckily3、A．easyB．pleasantC．difficultD．noisy4、A．costB．pickC．finishD．survive5、A．stopB．stayC．pauseD．break6、A．teaB．milkC．coffeeD．wine7、A．lockedB．forgotC．threwD．shut8、A．downB．insideC．upD．outside9、A．distanceB．driveC．walkD．time10、A．summerB．fallC．winterD．spring11、A．worseB．easierC．betterD．simpler12、A．otherB．anotherC．nextD．same13、A．turnedB．explainedC．happenedD．came14、A．quicklyB．brieflyC．slowlyD．hurriedly15、A．afterB．untilC．whenD．while16、A．evenB．onlyC．stillD．yet17、A．disconnectedB．stuckC．troubledD．interrupted18、A．draggedB．pulledC．offeredD．pushed19、A．problemB．choiceC．alternativeD．hesitation20、A．spareB．leaveC．ringD．controlSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Ifmathsisthelanguageoftheuniverse,beesmayhavejustutteredtheirfirstwords.Newresearchsuggeststhesebusybodiesoftheinsectworldarecapableofadditionandsubtraction(减法)—usingcolorsintheplaceofplusandminussymbols.Intheanimalkingdom,theabilitytocount—oratleastdistinguishbetweendifferingquantities—isn’tunusual:Ithasbeenseeninfrogs,spiders,andevenfish.Butsolvingequations(方程式)usingsymbolsisrare,sofaronlyachievedbyfamouslybrainyanimalssuchaschimpanzeesandAfricangreyparrots.Buildingonpreviousresearchthatsaysthesocialinsectscancounttofourandunderstandtheconceptofzero,researcherswantedtotestthelimitsofwhattheirtinybrainscando.Scientiststrained14beestolinkthecolorsblueandyellowtoadditionandsubtraction,respectively.TheyplacedthebeesattheentranceofaY-shapedmaze(迷宫),wheretheywereshownseveralshapesineitheryelloworblue.Iftheshapeswereblue,beesgotarewardiftheywenttotheendofthemazewithonemoreblueshape(theotherendhadonelessblueshape);iftheshapeswereyellow,theygotarewardiftheywenttotheendofthemazewithonelessyellowshape.Thetestingworkedthesameway:Beesthat“subtracted”oneshapewhentheysawyellow,or“added”oneshapewhentheysawbluewereconsideredtohaveacedthetest.Thebeesgottherightanswer63%to72%ofthetime,dependingonthetypeofequationandthedirectionoftherightanswer—muchbetterthanrandomguesseswouldallow—theresearchersreporttodayinScienceAdvances.Thoughtheresultscamefromjust14bees,researcherssaytheadvanceisexciting.Ifabrainabout20,000timessmallerthanourscanperformmathsusingsymbols,itcouldpavethewaytonovelapproachesinartificialintelligence(AI)andmachinelearning.Justdon’taskthebeestodoyourhomeworkanytimesoon.1、Whydothescientistsconducttheresearch?A．Toteachthemmaths. B．Totestthepoweroftinybrains.C．Toexplainthemeaningofcolors. D．Togetaccesstomachinelearning.2、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“aced”inParagraph5probablymean?A．Givenup. B．Enteredfor.C．Gotthrough. D．Checkedover.3、Whatmighttheresearchmakecontributionsto?A．Languageacquisition. B．Arithmeticlearning.C．Protectionofanimals. D．DevelopmentofAI.4、Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．Bees“Like”CountingB．Bees“Tell”ColorsApartC．Bees“Perform”MathsUsingShapesD．Bees“Get”AdditionandSubtractionText2Afewyearsago,whenIbeganwritingabouteducation,schoolleadersdidn'tworrymuchaboutteachers.Theybelievedalonglineofnewteacherswaited.Notanylonger,asdistrictsstruggletofillmath,science,worldlanguageandspecialeducationjobs.A2017LearningPolicyInstitutestudyfound90percentofopenteachingpostsaretheresultofpeopleleavingtheprofession.Whileretirementsplayarole,thereportnotedtwo-thirdsofteachersdepartforotherreasons,mostsayingdissatisfactionswiththejob.Howcandistrictssupportteachersandpersuadenewonestoenterthefield?EducationprofessorPeterSmagorinskysaid,"ThebestwayIknowoftosupportteachersistolistentothem.Teachersknowbetterthananyonehowschoolswork,whatkidsneed,whatteachersneedtodotheirbestwork.Butkidsandteacherswon'talwaysagree,andyouwillgetoppositesuggestions.Butatleasttheyfeelrecognized,consulted,listenedto,andrespected."HighschoolprincipalBetsyBockmansaid,"WhatItrytoinform:Firstly,everyone'sjobistodoallwecaneverydaytosupportstudents.Secondly,fortheemployeeswhoarenotteachersatGrady,ourjobistoremoveeverysinglebarrierthatkeepsteachersfromteaching.Makethejobofteachingeasier."Vice-presidentGaryMcGiboneysaid,"Teachersdevelopwellinaschoolwithapositiveschoolclimatewheretheydon'tfeelalone,whichiswhatteachersdesperatelywantandneed."Myownviewisthatmostwanttodotheirbestfortheirstudents,butoftenfeelattackedwhentoldtheyneedtoimprove.Togrow,developandkeepeffectiveteachers,Georgiaschoolsmustfirstcreateacultureinwhichteacherstrustthatleaderswantthemtosucceed.1、Whydotoomanyteachersleavetheirprofession?A．Theleadersdon'tcareaboutthem.B．Therearetoomanytrainedteachers.C．Mostaren'tsatisfiedwiththeirjobs.D．Manyteachershavealreadyretired.2、WhatdoesPrincipalBetsyBockmantrytotellus?A．Theschool'swholeeffortistomaketeachingeasier.B．Schoolsshouldlistentotheteachers'suggestions.C．Whattheteacherswantshouldbeconcernedbyothers.D．Schoolleadersmustshowrespectfortheteachers'thoughts.3、Whatisthepurposeofthelastpartofthetext?A．Toshowtheauthor'sconcernfortheteachers.B．TocriticizethestateofGeorgia'seducation.C．Toasktheteacherstodotheirbestforthestudents.D．Tocallontheschooltocreateaculturefortheteachers.4、Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A．Whytheschoolsareshortofgoodteachers.B．Howtokeepenoughandeffectiveteachers.C．Whatweshoulddototeachthestudentswell.D．Howtodealwithteacher-studentrelationship.Text3Thatthesuccessofhumansasaspeciesdependstoalargeextentonourabilitytocooperateingroupsiswidelybelieved.Muchmoresothananyotheranimal,peopleareabletocoordinateandjointheirforcesandactionstoproducemutualbenefits.NewresearchinvolvingDrMolleman,anexpertattheUniversityofNottingham,suggeststhatsuccessfulcooperationingroupsdependsonhowpeoplegatherinformationabouttheirpeers,andhowtheybasetheircooperativedecisionsonit.Biologistswonderhowcooperationcouldhavedevelopedbynaturalselection:itispuzzlinghowcooperationcanbebeneficialwhenitispossibletobehaveselfishlyandtakeadvantageofthecooperativeeffortsofyourgroup.Psychologistsandeconomiststryhardtounderstandwhymanypeoplearewillingtosacrificetheirownwelfaretobenefittheirsocialenvironment.Theyaskedquestionslike“Howdopeoplemakedecisionswhentheiractionscanaffectthewelfareofothers?”“Howpeopledeterminetheirbehaviorwhentheyhavetocooperateingroups?”.DrPieterVanDenBergfromtheUniversityofGroningensaid,“Frompreviousresearchweknowthatsomepeopleare‘majority-oriented(以……为中心)’andtendtolookatthebehaviorofthemajorityintheirgroup,whereasothersare‘success-oriented’andtrytofindoutwhatkindofbehaviorpaysoffbestforthemselves.”DrMolleman,fromthecenteroftheDecisionResearchandExperimentalEconomics,said,“Itturnsoutthatbehavioringroupsofsuccess-orientedpeoplewasmuchmoreselfishthanitingroupsofmajority-orientedpeople.Asaconsequence,thepeopleinthemajority-orientedgroupstendedtocammoremoneyintheexperimentsincetheycooperatedmore.”1、Comparedwithotheranimals,humanbeingsarecapableof________.A．communicatingwellwithothers B．workingtogetherwitheachotherC．survivingsomenaturaldisasters D．gettingaccesstovariousinformation2、Whatarethepsychologistsandeconomistsmostinterestedin?A．Whetherpeople’spersonaleffortswillpayoffeventually.B．Howcooperationhasdevelopedoveralonglimenaturally.C．Whypeopleoffertoaffectthosearoundthemunselfishly.D．Whatbenefitthatgoodcooperationcanbringimmediately.3、Wecaninferthatthesuccess-orientedpeople________.A．arecarefultoselectagrouptojoinB．arelikelytobesuccessfulinthefutureC．paymoreattentiontotheresultoftheireffortD．havesomeskillsincollectingusefulinformation4、Whatisthenewfindingoftheresearch?A．Havinggoodrelationshipgetsustolivefullestlife.B．Focusingonindividualsuccessmakespeopleselfish.C．Beingconsideratecanensureourlong-termbenefit.D．Masteringsocialskillshelpcreateharmonioussociety.Text4ABriefIntroductiontoSomeDictionariesNormanMerriamWebsterBES—1850DictionaryThishandytranslatorprovidesyouwith5,000,000totaltranslationtoandfromSpanishandEnglish!Thisdictionaryisspeciallydesignedforalllevelsoflanguageskillfrombeginnertoadvanced.BrandV7Dictionary/TranslatorThisspecialmodelfeaturesthelargestandmostcompleteRussian-Englishdictionary.AdvancedEnglishspeech,accentcorrectionfunctionandspecializedtermsdatabasewillhelpyoucommunicate.Businessorganizerswillallowyoutostayintouchwiththeworldthroughallkindsofadvancedfeatures.SeikoWP1500RogetsIIIThesaurusDictionaryItisthenearestwordfinder.Itisalsogreatforcrosswordpuzzles.Itwillshowyouthetime,dayanddateoflocaltimezoneandthesameforover100citiesthroughouttheworldbysimplyenteringthefirstletterofthenameofthecity.EctacoKD-800Dictionary/TranslatorThisadvancedtalkinghandheldtranslatorfeaturesthefollowingdictionaries:thegeneralEnglish-Koreandictionaryfor215,905entries（词条）；popularKorean-Englishdictionaryfor183,279entries,andthedictionaryofChinesetraditionalcharactersfor7,744entries.TheLingoTraveler18ItisagreatvalueaswellasanInternationaltranslator.Drawonover96,000wordsand8,000usefulphrases.Equippedwithapowerfuldatabank,TheLingoTraveler18allowsyoutostoreallofyourappointments,telephonenumbers,andaddresses.1、WhichdictionarycanBetty'smotherbuytohelpherdaughterimproveherSpanish?A．NormanMerriamWebsterBES—1850DictionaryB．EctacoKD-800Dictionary/TranslatorC．SeikoWP1500RogetsIIIThesaurusDictionaryD．BrandV7Dictionary/Translator2、WhatisthefunctionofTheLingoTraveler18?A．Itprovidesyouwith96,000phrasesand8,000words.B．Itshowsyouthetime,dayanddateoflocaltimezoneover100cities.C．Youcanstoreyourappointments,telephonenumbersandaddressesinit.D．Itwillallowyoutostayintouchwiththeworldthroughallkindsofadvancedfeatures.3、Whatcanwelearnaboutthedictionariesfromthetext?A．TheLingoTraveler18isapopularKorean-EnglishandChinesedictionary.B．NormanMerriamWebsterBES—1850Dictionaryisthenearestwordfinder.C．EctacoKD-800Dictionary/Translatorisdesignedforalllevelsoflanguageskill.D．BrandV7Dictionary/TranslatoristhemostcompleteRussian-Englishdictionary.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)ThefireatNotreDameCathedralinParishasraisedquestionsabouttheconditionofthousandsofothercathedralsandhistoric1．(structure)acrossEuropeItalsoraisesquestionsaboutwhetherEuropeangovernmentsaredoingenough2．(keep)upandcareforsuchbuildingsTiborNavracsics,theEuropeanUnion’stopcultureofficial,toldTheAssociatedPressthat“wearesousedtoouroutstandingculturalheritagethatwetendtoforgetthatit3．(need)constantcareandattention”Somepeoplesaythefirewasawake-upcall,notjustforEurope,4．thewholeworldLargefireshavelongrobbedhumanity5．knowledge,artandtreasuresIn2015,theGermanengineeringcompanySiemens6．(find)thatScotlandhadaboutten7．(damage)firesayear,whileEnglandlostatleastadozenlistedbuildingsayearInGermany,seventyhistoricbuildingshavebeen8．(heavy)damagedsince9．Expertssaythat10．isneedediscontinuousattentionandmaintenanceSomesayworld-renownedmonumentslikeNotreDamearethedrivingforcebehindtourismandshouldgetmorerespectQuaedvlieg-Mihailovicis,whoheadstheheritagegroupEuropaNostra,notedthe11．(important)ofsuchrespect“CulturalheritageisagoldmineYoucannotexploititandthenjustleavethemineandgotoanotherone”shesaidItwasmyfirstdayinHangzhou,theChinesecityfamousforits1．(nature)beautyandhistoryandIdidn’thavemuchtimetospareIwantedtosee2．muchofthecityaspossibleinthetwodaysbeforeIwastoreturntoGuangzhouMyfirsttaskwastodecidewheretogoandhowtogetthereItookoutmyguidebook3．therewasalotofinformationaboutthecity’swell-knowntourist4．(attraction)andstartedtoreadAtthatmoment,anattractiveyoungladywhonoticedmybookcameup5．meandintroducedherselfShesaidhernamewasBaiLiand6．(kind)offeredtoshowmearoundthecityIwasdelightedandwasabouttoaccepthersuggestionwhenshe7．(suggest)wefirstgototheWestLakeandwalkalongtheBrokenBridgeIlikedtheideaofvisitingtheWestLake,butwasn’tsosureaboutcrossingtheBrokenBridgeIfitwasbroken,didsheexpectme8．(jump)across?AndIcouldn’tswim,soifIfellinthenI9．(die)Thatwasdefinitelynotanattractiveidea,soIpolitelydeclinedher10．(invite),closedmybookandwalkedawaySectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)根据短文内容，从短文的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Instagram(抓拍神器)isagame．Gettinglikesandfollowersisnoeasytask．Mysisterroutinelybreaks850likesonInstagram，nosweat，becauseshejustgetsit．8、Here’swhattodoand，moreimportant，whatnottodo．8、6、Youcan’tpostphotosoptionally．Thinkofitlikestealinggrapesatthegrocerystorewhenaclerkisn’twatching．SowhenDOyouactuallypost?Sundayeveningis“primetime”forlikes．because“everyoneisboredandnotdoinghomework．”Iguessthatappliestotherealworldtoo!Whennottopost?Mornings!Thelikesare“strangeandsporadic(零散的)．”8、Also，don’tposttoomuch．Idon’tcarehowmuchyou’refeelingyourlook．5、Thisisn’tabuffet：wewantaverysmallpieceofyourlife．Remember，“Youcan’tgivethepeopletoomuchortheywillpasstheireyeoveritquickly．”Ifyou’repostingthreetofourtimesaweek，othersmay“reevaluateyourlife”．Iseenolies!!！6、Butifitisabigweekinyourlife，feelfreetopostmorethanusual．Ofcourse，there’salwaystheexceptiontotherule．558、Thesocialmediashouldn’tpunishyouforhavingalotgoingon!Justremembertotakeiteasyafter．8、558、a．Be“naturalandfun”．b．Selfiesare“nottobetakenseriously”．c．“Selfiesshouldonlybewhenyouhaveagoodone．”A．Selfieshavestrictrules．B．WaitawhilebeforeSelfiesagain．C．Timingiseverything．D．Nooneneedstoseeeightpicturesfromyourdatenightout．E.Afterall，Instagramwasmeanttorecordimportantmomentsinyourlife．F.Justmakesureyoupostafterwardsandletthepeoplewantmore．G.ThankfullyshewasabletotaketimeoutofherbusyscheduleandbreakdownthescienceofInstagramforus“old”folk．Anywomancanbestrong.Idontjustmeanstronginmentalaspect.1、Youmaythinkthatstrongwomenareborn,