2023年四川省甘孜藏族自治州甘孜县考研《英语一》押题密卷含解析

2023年四川省甘孜藏族自治州甘孜县考研《英语一》押题密卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Whenrespondingtoanyadult,youmustanswerbysaying“Yesma’am”or“No,sir.”Justnoddingyourheadisnotacceptable.BecauseIgrewupinruralNorthCarolina,thisrulecomes1tome,anditseemstheobviouschoicetocomefirst.Ifyouwantchildrentorespectyou,youhavetoletthemknow2Simplytellingthemyouwantthemtoaddressyoubysaying“sir”letsthemknow3youexpectthemtotreatyou.Ialsotellmystudentsit’saveryusefultoolwhen4withadults,andfurthermoreitalso5handyforanyadultinteractingwithanotheradult.Caseinpoint:Iwas6thephonerecentlywiththephonecompanydiscussingtheinaccuracies(差错)ofmy7TheladyIspoketowasnot8andseemedannoyed.9,inthemidstoftheconversation,Ithrewina“yes,ma’am,”andherentire10changed.Shebecamefarmorehelpfuland11todealwith,andshe12cuttingmybillinhalf.SomeofmystudentsinHarlemweretobe13forachancetoattendahigh-ratedjuniorhighschool.Theschoolonlyhadthirtyopeningsforthefollowingyear,andtwelveofmystudentswere14themanykidsacrossthecitywhoappliedforthespots.Ipracticedwhattheinterviewwouldbe15withmystudents,andonemainthingIstressedwas,“16yousay‘yesma’am’or‘nosir’nomatterwhat!”Weeksaftertheinterviews,Iwasdelightedtohearthatalltwelveofmystudentshadbeen17WhenItalkedwiththeadmissionsdirectorattheschool,themain18hemadeoverandoverwashow19mystudentswereintheirinterviews.Itseemedlikejustsuchasimplethingtodo,butitgets201、A．frequently B．eagerly C．constantly D．naturally2、A．you B．it C．themselves D．why3、A．theway B．thewish C．themethod D．thereason4、A．disagreeing B．debating C．dealing D．discussing5、A．comesin B．getson C．goesout D．bringsin6、A．on B．in C．by D．with7、A．record B．phonecall C．message D．bill8、A．useful B．hopeful C．optimistic D．helpful9、A．Instead B．Then C．Moreover D．Otherwise10、A．method B．thinking C．attitude D．feeling11、A．interesting B．easy C．close D．different12、A．tookup B．cameup C．pickedup D．endedup13、A．introduced B．demanded C．intended D．interviewed14、A．among B．above C．over D．with15、A．popular B．familiar C．like D．successful16、A．Makesure B．Bynomeans C．Makeapromise D．Becautious17、A．received B．allowed C．appreciated D．accepted18、A．contribution B．comment C．impression D．reason19、A．considerate B．confident C．polite D．clever20、A．results B．responsibility C．relief D．reformsSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1YoumaythinkthatthestoryofPygmalion(《卖花女》,1913)---inwhichpeoplearejudgedbythewaytheytalk---issomethingthatonlyexistedinthedaysofBritishhighsociety.Butthankstoetiquette(礼仪)expertandauthorWilliamHanson,werealizethatlittlehaschangedduringthepast100years.InaBBCradioprogram,HansonreleasedalistofcommonwordsusedinBritishEnglishthatcouldrevealwhetherapersonis“common”or“fashionable”.Andyetherecomestheinterestingpart:Whilesomeofusmightgothroughlifeusingfancywords,dressinginwaysthatmakeusappearmorewell-offthanwereallyare,therearewealthypeopleintheworldwhotrytohidetheirrichesbecausetheywanttobeseenas“normal”insteadof“showy”.Beatrice,forexample,isaNewYorkerwhoinherited(继承)millionsofdollars.ShetoldTheNewYorkTimesthatshehasahabitofremovingthepricetags(价签)fromherclothessoherhousestaffdon’tseethemandfeeluncomfortable.“Wedon’twantthat‘Wow’.”saidScott,alsoaNewYorker,whohadjustinheritedover$50million.“We’rejustnotthetypeofpeoplewhowearitonoursleeve.”1、WhatdoesWilliamHansonfind?A．Peoplefailedtojudgeothers’manner.B．Peoplejudgeothersbytheirwayoftalking.C．Peopletendtousemorepolitewords.D．Peoplemeetimpolitepersonsfrequently.2、Whatdorichpeopleprefertodo?A．TohidetheirrichesB．Toearnmoremoney.C．Tothinkhighlyoftheirwealth.D．Tojudgeothersbytheirwealth.3、WhydidBeatriceremovethepricetagsonherclothes?A．Toshowoffherfashionsense.B．Tochangepeople’sattitudetorichpeople.C．Topretendtobenormal.D．Toavoidmakingpeoplearoundheruncomfortable.4、Whatdoes“it”inthelastsentencemean?A．Thepricetag.B．Thebrandlabel.C．Theinheritancecontract.D．TheTimesmagazine.Text2AsmillionsofAmericanscrowdintothegymarmedwithNewYear’sresolutionstogetinshape,medicalexpertsareofferinganadditionalreasonforexercise:Regularworkoutsmayhelpfightoffcoldsandflu,reducetheriskofcertaincancersandchronicdiseasesandslowtheprocessofaging.Physicalactivitieshavelongbeenknowntohelpmaintainahealthyweightandreducestress.Now,agrowingbodyofresearchisshowingthatregularexercise—assimpleasabrisk30-to-45-minutewalkfivetimesaweek—canboostthebody’simmunesystem,increasingthecirculationofnaturalkillercellsthatfightoffvirusesandbacteria.Andexercisehasbeenshowntoimprovethebody’sresponsetotheinfluenzavaccine(疫苗),makingitmoreeffectiveatkeepingthevirusatbay.Medicalexpertswarninactivityposesasgreatahealthriskassmoking,resultinginheartdisease,cancer,depression,anddiabetes.TheCentersforDiseaseControlandPreventionsaysquiteafewU.S.adultsdonotengageinanyleisure-timephysicalactivity.Evenslimpeoplewhoareinactiveareathighriskofdeathanddisease.Sowhilereducingobesityisanimportantgoal,“thebettermessagewouldbetogeteveryonetowalk30minutesaday”saysRobertSallis,co-directorofsportsmedicineatFontanaMedicalCenter.“Wefinditnecessarytorefocusthenationalmessageonphysicalactivity,whichcanhaveabiggereffectonhealththanlosingweight.”Regularexercisehasbeenshowntopreventtheongoingdamagedonetocells,tissuesandorgansthatunderliesmanychronicconditions.Buildingonthatearlierresearch,scientificstudiesarenowsuggestingthatexercise-inducedchangesinthebody’simmunesystemmayprotectagainstsomeformsofcancer.Researchersarealsoinvestigatingwhetherexercisecaninfluenceaginginthebody.Inparticular,theyarelookingatwhetherexerciselengthenstelomeres,thestrandsofDNAatthetipsofchromosomes.Whentelomeresgettooshort,cellscannolongerdivideandtheybecomeinactive,aprocessassociatedwithaging,cancerandahigherriskofdeath.Astudy,publishedinCirculation,themedicaljournaloftheAmericanHeartAssociation,concludedthatphysicalactivityhasananti-agingeffectatthecellularlevel,suggestingexercisecouldpreventagingofthecardiovascular(心脑血管)system.Theguidelines,developedbytheDepartmentofHealthandHumanServices,recommendthatadultsgetatleasttwohoursand30minutesweeklyofmoderate-intensityaerobic(有氧的)physicalactivity,oronehourand15minutesaweekofvigorous-intensityaerobicexercise,oranequivalentcombinationofboth.Theguidelinesalsosaythatadditionalhealthbenefitscanbeobtainedfromasmuchasdoublingtheminimumrecommendationforaerobicexercise.1、WhatisthemainpurposeofmanyAmericanswhotakeexercise?A．Tohaveagoodfigure.B．Tomakethemstrong-minded.C．Tocuresomecommondiseases.D．Topreventthemselvesgettingold.2、Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat__________.A．naturalkillercellsstrengthenthebody’simmunesystemB．regularexercisecanremovethevirusesandbacteriaC．obesityhasbecomeasocialprobleminAmericaD．Americanpeopleneedtoattachmoreimportancetophysicalexercise3、Howcanphysicalactivitystopaging?A．Bypreventingcelldivision.B．Bygettingridofagingcells.C．Bymakingtelomereslonger.D．Byrepairingthedamagedorgans.4、Whatmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．NewStudiesaboutPhysicalExerciseB．TheHiddenBenefitsofExerciseC．HowtoFreeOurselvesfromDiseases?D．LoseWeightorKeepHealthy?Text3Foryearsgoinghomefortheholidayshasbeenbittersweet.Iappreciatetheopportunitytospendqualitytimewithmymombutitispainfulformetoseeherhouselitteredwithstuff(物品).Clothesboughtbutneverworn,andnewitemsintheiroriginalpackagingcarelesslypurchasedandneverused.It’sevidentthatseeingthestuffonadailybasisremindsmymomofatimewhenshoppingwasherwayofspendingmoney.Ididn’tfullyunderstandtheextenttowhichmymomwassufferinguntilthisweek,whenIsawpilesofclothesonherbed,“Howdoyoumanagetosleepeverynightwithallthatstuff,Mom?”Iasked.Tomyhorror,sherepliedtoitbecauseIknowIhavetogetridofallthisstuffeventually;IampunishingmyselfbysleepingwiththemuntilIdothat.”Shockedandupset,Igentlyexplainedtoherthatpunishingherselfwasonlytomakethingsworse,andthateverybodydeservesaplacetosleepinpeace,nomatterwhatmistakesthey’vemade.Isuggestedshemoveallthestuffupstairs,leavingherroomcomfortabletosleepin.Withpatienceandherslowbutsteadyguidance,Ihelpedhergothroughsomeofthepilesandmovethemupstairs.FortherestoftheweekIstayedthere,shewasinabettermoodandwasexcitedaboutgoing-throughtherestofthehousetofinallygetridofherstuff—pastmistakesandpainfultimes.Theitemsbroughtbackpainfulmemoriesasweinspectedandmovedthem,butIkeptremindingherthatremovingthemwouldallowhertomoveonandheal.Wefinallysoldsomanythingsandtookbagafterbagtocharity.Thestuffisjustasignofthedestructivepatternsofself-hatredonpastmistakes.Onlythroughtheactofself-forgivenesscanwebringaboutachainreactionofreorganizing—bothofthehouseandheart.1、Whatmadetheauthorfeelbitter?A．Shecouldn’tunderstandhermom’ssorrows.B．Hermomwasstuckinthepainfulmemories.C．Hermomwasalwaysleftaloneathome.D．Hermomwastedmoneyonuselessthings,2、Theunderlinedword“that”inthesecondparagraphrefersto________.A．gettingridofthestuff.B．buyingthestuffC．openingthestuffD．movingthestuff3、Wecaninferfromthepassagethat________.A．theauthorneverboughthermomanythingB．theauthor’smomhasnomoneytopurchasenowC．theauthorsmomregretsbuyingsomanythingsD．theauthorknowshermom’ssufferingonlythisweek4、What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A．HowtodoshoppingwiselyB．Theimportanceofself-forgiveness.C．Keepaneyeontheelderly’sbehaviorD．ClearancehelpsremovesufferingText4Researcherssaypublicmistrustofvaccines（疫苗）iscausingdiseaseslikemeasles（麻疹）andyellowfevertospread.Thescientistssaidthelowerlevelsoftrustcanleadtopeoplerefusingvaccines.This,inturn,cancausediseasestospreadquickly,theywarmed.Buttheresearcherssaidtheyalsofoundahighlevelofsupportworldwideforvaccinatingchildrenagainstdisease.Theresearchersquestioned66,000peoplein67countriestodiscovertheirideasonwhethervaccinesareimportant,safeandeffective.ThesurveyshowedpeopleinSoutheastAsiahadthehighestleveloftrustinvaccines.Africashowedthesecondhighestlevelofconfidence.Europeansshowedthelowestlevelofconfidenceinvaccines.InFrance,41percentofthepopulationquestionedthesafetyofvaccines.HeidiLarsoniswiththeLondonSchoolofHygieneandTropicalMedicine.ShesaysrecentmediareportsofproblemsinvolvingvaccineshavehurtpublicconfidenceinFrance.LarsonnotedthatmanyEuropeansworriedaboutreportsofpossiblelinksbetweenhepatitisBvaccines（乙型肝炎疫苗）andthediseasemultiplesclerosis（多发性硬化症）.Butshesaidscientistsfoundnolinkagebetweenthetwo.MistrustinFrancewasalsodrivenbypublicreactiontotheH1N1influenza（甲型H1N1流感）outbreakfearsin2009.TheFrenchgovernmentspent$1.4billionon94milliondosesofthevaccine.Themajorityweresoldordestroyed.ThefindingscomeasamajoryellowfevervaccinationprogramhasbeenlaunchedintheDemocraticRepublicofCongoandAngola.Thediseasehasalreadykilledhundredsofpeopleinthearea.TheWorldHealthOrganizationaimstovaccinateover15millionpeopleinbothcountries.“Ifeveryoneagreestobevaccinated,wecanremoveyellowfeverfromourcountry,”saidMosalaMireille,oneofthedoctorsdirectingtheprogram.1、TheauthordevelopstheParagraph1mainly________.A．bytellingexperiencesB．bygivinginstructionsC．byofferingdescriptionsD．byanalyzingcauseandeffect2、Theunderlinedwords“Thedisease”inthelastparagraphprobablyreferto________.A．measlesB．yellowfeverC．H1N1influenzaD．multiplesclerosis3、MistrustofvaccinesinFrancewasdrivenbythefollowingreasonsexcept________.A．mediareportsofproblemslinkedtovaccinesB．publicreactiontotheH1N1influenzaoutbreakfearsin2009C．connectionsbetweenhepatitisBvaccinesandthediseasemultiplesclerosisD．mostofthedosesofthevaccineweresoldordisposedofbytheFrenchgovernment4、MosalaMireille’sattitudetowardstheyellowfevervaccinationprogramis________.A．ExpectantB．SkepticalC．CriticalD．CautiousPartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)MrJohnsonlivedinthewoodswithhiswifeandchildrenHeowned1．farm，whichlookedalmostabandoned2．(lucky)，healsohadacowwhichproducedmilkeverydayHesoldorexchangedsomeofthemilkinthetownsnearby3．otherfoodandmadecheeseandbutterforthefamilywithwhat4．(leave)．Thecowwastheironlymeansofsupport，infactOneday，thecowwaseatinggrass5．itbegantorainheavilyWhilemakinggreateffortstorunaway，she6．(fall)overthehillanddiedThentheJohnsonshadtomakealiving7．thecowInordertosupporthisfamily，MrJohnsonbegantoplantherbsandvegetablesSincetheplantstookawhiletogrow，hestartedcuttingdowntrees8．(sell)thewoodThinkingabouthischildren'sclothes，hestartedgrowingcottontooWhenharvestcamearound，hewasalreadysellingherbs，vegetablesandcottoninthemarket9．peoplefromthetownsmetregularlyNowitoccurredto10．thathisfarmhadmuchpotentialandthatthedeathofthecowwasabitofluckMattDamon,anAmericanactor,filmmaker,andphilanthropist,wasbornonOctober8,1．He,alongwithhisfriendBenAffleck,gotattentioninthemovieindustrywiththeirAcademyAward-winningscreenplay,GoodWillHunting(1997),2．healsostarredinHeis3．ofthetop-40highest-grossingactorsofalltimeInaddition4．themanyawardsDamonhasreceived,includingAcademyAwardsandGoldenGlobeAwards,hereceivedastaron5．HollywoodWalkofFamein2007forhisworkinthefilmindustryDamonhasbecomeknownforhisversatility,starringinmanysuccessfulfilmssuchastheroguesecretagentJasonBourneintheBourneseries,asoldier6．(fight)inFranceinSavingPrivateRyan(1998),andanastronaut7．(trap)onMarsinTheMartian(2015)He8．(win)furthercriticalacclaimforhisperformancesindramassuchasSyriana(2005)andTheGoodShepherd(2006),aswellasforhisroleasavillaininthecrimedramaTheDeparted(2006)Damonhasalsoperformedvoice-overworkand9．(establish)severalproductioncompaniesHehasbeen10．(active)involvedincharitablework,includingtheONECampaign,H2OAfricaFoundation,FeedingAmerica,andWaterorgWithhiswife,LucianaBozanBarroso,hehasthreedaughtersandastepdaughterfromBarroso'sprior11．(marry)SectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)WaystoHostanEco-FriendlyCookoutEatingintheopenairmayfeeleco-friendly,butoutdoordiningcanresultinunnecessarywasteifyouaren’tcareful.1、.Ifyoukeepthatinmindthroughoutyourpreparations,you’llbeofftoagoodstart.Reduce,Reuse,RecycleSkipthepaperinvitationsanduseonlineserviceslikeEmail,orFacebookevents.2、.Thiswayyou’llavoidendingupwithfivedifferentpotatosaladsthatgouneaten.Makeiteasyforgueststosortgarbagebypositioningdifferenttrashcansinacentrallocation:oneforkitchengarbage,oneforrecyclables,andonefornon-recyclables.StopUsingPlasticPlasticisaleadingcauseoflitterandisn’teasytorecycle.Tomakesureyourcookouteco-friendly,considersomeotheroptionsformakingyourcookoutstandout.Userecycledjarsasglasses.They’realsofarlessbreakablethanregularglasses.3、Ifguestsknowwhichglassistheirs,theydon’tneedtoreachforanotherone,whichcutsdownonthecleanupyou’llbedoing.4、Whereverpossible,shopforlocalproduceandgoodstoserveyourguests.Thiswillreduceyourcarbonfootprintandhelpsupportyourlocaleconomy.Buyproduceandmeatsatyourlocalfarmers’market.Lookfororganic,butfavorlocaloverorganicifyouhavetomakeachoice.UseRenewableLightSources5、Asthesungoesdown,illuminateyourpartyspacewithLEDlightingandsolar-powereddecorations.Investinsomecitronella(香茅精油)candlesandtorchestohelpdriveawayinsectsnaturally.A．SupportGlobalEconomyB．ThinkGlobally,ShopLocallyC．AskgueststobringglassesoftheirownD．KeeptrackofwhateveryoneisbringingaheadoftimeE.SaveonenergybyhostingyourpartyduringthedaylighthoursF.OneofthekeystobeinggreenistoreducewastewhereverpossibleG.PutupsomelabelstothejarssopeoplecanwritetheirnamesonthemNaturalsitesandhistoricbuildings,whenleftalone,canslowlybeinbadcondition.1、Forthesereas