2023年江苏省淮安市楚州区考研《英语一》统考试题含解析

2023年江苏省淮安市楚州区考研《英语一》统考试题SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Mr.Williamrememberedtobuysomebananasafterhelefthisoffice.Itwas1coldoutsidewhenhesawanill-lookingoldladysellingbananasonthestreetacross.Heusuallyshoppedinagroceryshopafew2awayfromhisofficebutashewasina3toreachhometoday,notintendingtogothere.Quicklyhe4theoldladyandsheoffered$7perkg.Mr.Williamsaid,”ButthestorewhereIusuallybuysellsthemfor$5perkg,whynotthesameprice?"Theladysaid,“NoSir,Icannotaffordto5thatprice.$6perkg,andthat'sthelowest.”Shakinghishead,heleftinhiscartowardsthe6groceryshop.Afterpickingupagood70fbananasthere,hewassurprisedwhenthecashiertoldthatpriceperkgwas$10.Hetoldthecashier,”Ihavebeenbuyingbananasfromhereonlyforsomeyearsandcan’tyouoffermeabetterdealforbeinga8customer?"ThemanageroverheardhimandtoldMr.William，“SorrySir,butourpricesare9，wedonotbargain.”Mr.Williamfeltalittle10withthatflatattitude,andputthemback.Mr.Williamreturnedtothepooroldladyand11$20for2kg.Unexpectedlysheonlyaccepted$12.Afterwardslearningshehadtosellherhusband'sfruitshopto12hismedicalbillsandhadtosellthebananastosurvive,hefeltinspiredand13manyofhiscolleaguestobuyfruitsfromthelady.Andwiththe14fromMr.Williaman,otherwarmheartedbuyers,shemadeabetterliving.Alltoooftenwe15togoshoppinginbigmallsorbiggroceryshops,Wealways.paythefixedpricewithout16Thatisfine17weallhaveourownchoices.However,weneedto18amomentandthinkthatwhywehavenocourageorreasontobargainwhileshoppingatbigshopsandwhywetrytobargain.19withsmallstreetsellers？Thinkwisely.Alwaysbe20andsupportivetosomeonewhoworkshardtoearnandhasaneedforit.1、A．burningB．freezingC．frozenD．bitten2、A．blocksB．citiesC．townsD．parks3、A．messB．senseC．momentD．hurry4、A．assessedB．appointedC．approachedD．applauded5、A．buyB．fitC．getD．match6、A．commonB．usualC．normalD．general7、A．bunchB．pileC．cupD．band8、A．modestB．honestC．loyalD．considerate9、A．understandableB．focusedC．reasonableD．fixed10、A．badB．wellC．goodD．scary11、A．offeredB．suppliedC．providedD．reported12、A．spendB．dealC．coverD．charge13、A．attractedB．droveC．removedD．recommended14、A．permissionB．supplyC．invitationD．demand15、A．chooseB．intendC．riskD．demand16、A．dealingB．payingC．bargainingD．wondering17、A．evenifB．asC．unlessD．once18、A．saveB．setC．spareD．select19、A．heavilyB．quicklyC．totallyD．slowly20、A．awfulB．carefulC．usefulD．helpfulSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Myreasonforstartingourfamilytraditionofreadinginthecarwaspurelyselfish:IcouldnotbearlisteningtoASesameStreetChristmasforanother10hours.Mythreechildrenhadbeenaddictedtothiscassette（磁带）onourprevioussummerroadtrips.AsIbegantoprepareforournext500-milecartrip,Icameacrossabook—JimTrelease’s—TheReadAloudHandbook.Thiscouldbetheanswertomyproblem.Ithought.SoIputRoaldDahl’sJamesandtheGiantPeachintomybag.WhenIbegantoreadaloudthetaleoftheboywhoescapesthebadguysbyhidinginsideagiantpeach,mythreekidsarguedandfoughtwitheachotherintheirseats.Butafterseverallines,theywereattractedintotherhythmofthewordsandbegantolisten.Wesoonlearnedthatthesimplepleasureoflisteningtoawell-writtenbookmakesthelongmilespasmorequickly.Sometimesreadingbecamethemostinterestingpartofthetrip.IreadWilsonRawls’sSummeroftheMonkeysaswespenttwodaysdrivingtothebeach.Wearrivedjustbehindthepowercrewsrestoring（恢复）electricityafteratropicalstorm.Theraincontinuedmostoftheweek,andthebeachwascoveredwithoilwashedupbythestorm.Whenwereturnedhome,Iaskedmysonwhathelikedaboutthetrip.Heansweredwithouthesitation“Thebookyoureadinthecar.”Roadtripsstillofferchallenges,eventhoughmychildrennowareteenagers.Butwecontinuetoreadaswerollacrossthecountry.AndI’mbeginningtoseetatreadingaloudhasdonemorethanhelppassthetime.Foratleastalittlewhile,wearenotshutinourownelectronicworlds.Andmaybewe'vestartedsomethingthatwillpassontothenextgeneration.1、Whydidtheauthorstartreadinginthecar?A．Shewantedtohaveabetterjourney.B．ShewantedtokeepafamilytraditionC．Herchildrenwereaddictedtoreading.D．Herchildrenweretiredofthecassette.2、Howdidthechildrenreactaftertheauthorreadafewlines?A．Theykeptfighting.B．Theyhidthemselves.C．Theysoonsettleddown.D．Theyreadtogetheraloud.3、Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorandherfamily’striptothebeach?A．Theywerecaughtinastorm.B．Theyenjoyedreadingontheroad.C．Theyhadagoodtimeonthebeach.D．Theyfoundreadingboring.4、Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．BetterTravelingthanReadingB．BooksthatChangedMyChildrenC．RoadTripsFullofChallengesD．ReadingMakesGreatRoadTripsText2OxfordandCambridgehavenowdecidedtoremovethewordsCAN'TandIMPOSSIBLEfromtheirdictionary.JessicaCox,bornin1983,inArizona,istheworld’sfirstlicensedarmlesspilot.ThegirlfromTucson,ArizonagottheSportPilotcertificatelatelyandbecamethefirstpilotlicensedtoflyusingonlyherfeet.

JessicaCoxwasbornwithoutarms,butthathasonlystoppedherfromdoingonething:usingtheword"can't."CoxgraduatedfromtheUniversityofArizonain2005withabachelor’sdegreeinpsychologyandaminorincommunications.Coxhasnotusedprostheticarmssincesheturned14.Usingherfeetasmostpeopleusetheirhands,sheisable,amongotherthings,todriveanunmodifiedcarwithanunrestrictedlicense,totypeonakeyboardat25wordsperminute,andtoputinandremovehercontactlenses.JessicaCoxflewinasingleengineairplaneforthefirsttimeviaWrightFlightin2005.Coxearnedherpilot’scertificateonOctober10,2008afterthreeyearsoftrainingandisqualifiedtoflyalight-sportaircrafttoaltitudeof10,000feet.“She'sagoodpilot.She'srocksolid,”saidParrishTraweek,42,theflyinginstructoratSanManuel'sRayBlairAirport.

ParrishTraweekrunsPCAircraftMaintenanceandFlightServicesandhastrainedmanypilots,someofwhomdidn'tcomeclosetoCox'sabilities.Doctorsneverlearnedwhyshewasbornwithoutarms,butshefiguredoutearlythatshedidn'twanttouseprostheticdevices.

So,thenexttimeyouarereadytotellyourself,"Ican'tpossibly..."rememberthisamazingyoungwomanandchangeyourvocabulary.1、Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraphs?A．OxfordandCambridgefeltalittledisappointed.B．Noarmlesspeoplehadgotapilotcertificatebefore.C．JessicaCoxwasn’tallowedtousetheword“can’t”.D．Theword“can’t”woulddisappearfromtheEnglishdictionary.2、WhatdoyouthinkofJessicaCox?A．Sheisacleverandbravegirl.B．Sheispositiveanddetermined.C．Sheisindeedapoorlyeducatedgirl.D．Sheonlytakesinterestinaircraft.3、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“prostheticmeaninParagraph3?A．artificialB．damagedC．unusualD．abnormal4、Aftergraduatingfromuniversity,JessicaCox_____.A．sufferedfailurewhensearchingforjobs.B．madeastarttotaketrainingtobecomeapilotC．decidedtouseherfeetasmostpeopleusehands.D．triedherbesttotakecareofherselfinherdailylife.Text3Thekeytogettingpeopletoworktogethereffectivelycouldbegivingthemthefreedomtochoosetheircollaborators(合作者)andthecomfortofworkingwithestablishedcontacts,newresearchsuggests.Inthestudy,DavidMelamed,anassistantprofessorofsociologyattheOhioStateUniversityandleadauthorofthestudy,andhisco-authorsfoundparticipantsthroughtheAmazonMechanicalTurkwebsite—aservicethatallowsresearcherstohirepeoplefromaroundtheworldforavarietyofpurposes.Forthisstudy,allparticipantswerefromtheUnitedStates.Thosewhoagreedtoparticipateplayedonlinegamesinwhicheachplayerstartedoutwith1,000monetaryunitsthattranslatedto$1inrealmoneytheycouldpocket.Ifoneplayeragreedtopayanotherplayer50monetaryunits,thatsecondpersonwouldactuallyacquire100units.Eachofthe16-roundgamesincludedabout25participants,someofwhomparticipatedinmultiplegames.Inall,810peopleparticipatedintheresearch.Someofthegamesincludedrandomnetworks,wherecertainpeoplecouldinteract.Othersincludedclustered(群集的)networks,inwhichasmallgrouphadmultipleconnections—anarrangementthatwasdesignedtomimic(模拟)reallife,wherehumansoftenruntheirlivesinpacks.Andthenetworkswereeitherstatic(静态的)ordynamic(动态的).Instaticnetworks,aplayercouldinteractonlywiththeappointedpartners.Indynamicnetworks,participantscouldcuttheirtieswithanotherplayerandformnewconnections.Furthermore,someofthegamesincludedreputationinformation.Participantswerelabeledbasedontheirhistoryofwillingnesstosharemoney.Theideawastotestwhetherthoseknowntocollaboratewerefavoredbyotherplayersbasedonreputation—afactorshowninpreviousresearchtoplayasignificantroleinwhetherapersonislikelytopartnerwithanother.Melamedandhisresearchpartnersweresurprisedtofindthatwhetherpeoplearelikelytopartnerwithothershadnothingtodowithreputationinthisstudy.Thefindingsmighthavedepartedfrompreviousstudiesbecauseofthedifferenceinsizeandstudydesign,hesaid,explainingthatmuchofthepreviousworkinthisareawasconductedingroupsof100orfewerandmostlyinvolvedstudentsubjects.TheTurknetworkusedforthenewstudyhasbeenshowntoberepresentativeoftheU.S.populationintermsofage,raceandotherfactorsandtheintroducedplayershadnopreviousconnections.Cooperationratesoverallwerehigh—andhighestwhentheparticipantswerecooperatinginclustersandhadtheabilitytodropapartnerinfavorofanother.“Whatreallyseemstomatteristheabilitytochangethestructureofanetwork,”Melamedsaid.“Andthepatternsofrelationshipsalsomadeadifference.Thoseinaknownclusterwithmultipleconnectionscooperatedmore.”1、WhatdidDavidMelamedandhispartnersdofortheirstudy?A．Theyhired810peopleglobally.B．Theygaveeachparticipant$1,000.C．Theydesigned16-roundonlinegames.D．Theyaskedeachparticipanttotakepartinonlyonegame.2、Comparedwithpreviousresearch,thenewstudyfoundthat_____.A．reputationplayednoroleincooperationB．studentsubjectsweremorelikelytopartnerwithothersC．playershavingconnectionsbeforeweremorecooperativeD．cooperationrateswereinfluencedbyage,raceandotherfactors3、ItcanbeinferredthatthepurposeofthestudyledbyDavidMelamedistodiscover_____.A．howtochangethepatternsofrelationshipsB．whatleadspeopletocollaboratemostwillinglyC．whatkindofpersonisthemostpopularinateamD．whetherit’spropertodropapartnerinfavorofanotherText4Thesedeviceswereamongthethousandsfeaturedatthisyear’sConsumerElectronicsShow,aconferencethatbringsindustryexpertstogethertosharethelatestandgreatestintech.Afoodbaby-friendlybeltCollegestudentsarefamiliarwith“foodbabies,”bigstomachscausedbyeatingalittle—okay,alot—toomuch.Thissmartbeltautomaticallyadjuststoyourstomachsize.That’sright.Whenyouovereat,Beltyexpandswithyourstomach.“You’lldefinitelyknowhowmanymonthsintothepregnancyyouare,”jokesSteveGreenberg,authorofGadgetNation,whojustgotbackfromCES.Ifyoudon’twanttouseBeltywhilepiggingout,youcantakeadvantageofitshealth-relatedfeaturesinstead.Alongwithshiftingsize,Beltytracksfoodintakeandexercise.Itevenvibrates(振动)ifyou’vebeeninactivetoolong.TheRocketPowercharacters’dreamproductMoststudentswalk,bikeorskateacrosscampus.ButwithRocketskates,whichareelectronic,motorizedskatestiedtoyourregularshoes,youcanmoveveryquickly.Theskate’swheels,whicharerunbyamicroprocessor,getgoingwhenyouleanforwardandstopwhenyouleanback.Topspeedis12milesperhour,meaningyoucouldleaveyourdormat7:56andbeontimeforyour8:00class.Andyoucancarrythemafterwards,sincethey’relight-weight.AmagicalmicrowaveMost3Dprintersturnplasticinto3Dobjects.ButXYZprinting’sversionturnsflourandchocolateintocookies,cakeandcandy.Theprinter,whichisaboutthesamesizeasatraditionalall-in-oneversion,issimpletouse.Youselecta3Dfooditemfromthecompany’sdatabaseof“recipes”,allofwhichhavebeenapprovedbyafoodspecialist.Withinminutes,yourfoodisready.The“whyhasn’tsomeoneinventedthissooner”phonechargerEveryoneknowscollegestudentsarebusy—mostlybecausewetakeeveryavailableopportunitytosayso.TheStoreDotFlashBatterycan’tsolveschedulingissuesforsmartphones,butitdoesmakelifeeasierbycompletelychargingtheminoneminute.DoronMyersdorf,StoreDotCEO,callsthebattery’squick-chargingtime“ideal”forcollegestudents.HeevenvisualizesfreeStoreDotstationsoncampusthatwouldmakecarryingachargerunnecessary.1、What’sthemainfunctionofBelty?A．Totrackfoodintakeandexercise.B．Towarnyouit’stimetogetupandexercise.C．Topredicthowlongapersonhasbeenpregnant.D．Tomakeyourstomachcomfortablebyshiftingsize.2、WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutRocketskates?A．Itispoweredbyyourfeet.B．Itcanrunasfastasacar.C．Youmaystartitbyleaningforward.D．Itistooheavytocarrybyhand.3、Howdoesthenew3Dprinterdifferfromtraditionalversions?A．Itismuchsmallerinsize.B．Itturnsflourinto3Dfood.C．Itturnsplasticinto3Dobjects.D．Itisoperatedbyafoodspecialist.4、Whichofthefollowingistrue?A．Theauthorbelievescollegestudentsareverybusy.B．FreeStoreDotstationsareavailableoncampusnow.C．TheFlashBatterychargesaphoneunbelievablyquickly.D．DoronMyersdorfisnotsatisfiedwiththeFlashBattery.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)China1．(witness)rapidgrowthindealingwithcasesbetweencitizensandgovernmentdepartmentsoverthepastfiveyearsBut2．(take)officialstocourt(法庭)wouldhavebeenunheardof30yearsago“Thequestionofwhethertoallowcitizenstosue(起诉)governmentdepartmentscausedheateddebatesbackthen,”saidYangJingyu，82，aretiredlawmaker3．atthetimewasamemberoftheStandingCommitteeoftheNationalPeopledCongressHelookedback4．discussionsabouttheMaritimeTrafficSafetyLaw,which5．(regard)asabasisofChina’slegalsystemButitstartedadebateonwhethergovernmentscouldbesued,becausesomeofficialsthoughtwhattheydoisinthenameofthecountryHoweverPengZhen,who6．(devote)tomakingthelaws,arguedthatitwouldbeunfair7．wedidnotallowcitizenstoappeal(上诉)incourtForexample,sailors,especially8．whohadworkedmanyyearstobecomecaptains,wouldbejoblessorfallintotroubleiftheywere9．(wrong)punishedNow,accordingtothelaws,courtsmustacceptcaseswithout10．(hesitate)iflitigants(当事人)provideenoughmaterialWhyDoesRainSmellSoGood?Doyoulovethesmellofrain?Ifso,you’renotalone1．(actual),somescientistsbelievethatpeoplegottheirloveforthesmellofrainfrom2．(ancestor),whoreliedonwetweatherfortheirsurvivalButwhatmakesrainsmellsonice?ThereareseveralsmellsassociatedwithrainfallthatpeoplefindpleasingOneofthesesmells3．(call)“petrichor（尘土的味道）”Petrichor,atermcreatedin1964bytwoAustralianscientistsstudyingthesmellsof4．(rain)weather,comesfromsomechemicalreactionsDuringdryperiodssomeplantsproduceoils,andwhenitrains,theseoilsgointotheairAnotherreactionoccurswhenchemicals5．(produce)bysomebacteriaaresentoutAllofthesechemicalscombinetocreatethepleasantpertichorsmellwhenrainhits6．groundAnothersmellassociatedwithrainisozone（臭氧）Duringathunderstorm,lightningcansplitoxygenandanothergadand7．(it)inturncancombineintoanewsubstanceThissubstancereactswithotherchemicalstoformozone,8．hasasharpsmellWhensomeonesayshecansmellraincoming,itmaybethatwindfroman9．(approach)stormhascarriedozonedownfromthecloudsand10．theman’snoseSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)TipsforStayingSharpIt’snotabnormaltofeeloutofitfromtimetotimeorperhapsyou’refeelingabitsluggish(迟钝的)whenitcomestorememberingthings.Ifyou’reworriedaboutyourforgetfulness,tryoutthesefivetipstostaysharp.Feedyourbrain.1、Ifyoudecidetoeatsugaryfoodsthatareheavywithfatsthenexpecttofeellazyandhavenoenergy.Butifyoudecidetoeatfruits,vegetablesandmakeotherhealthyeatingdecisionsyou’llfindthatyou’refullofenergy.2、Challengeyourselfconstantly—whetheritispuzzles,reading,cookingorothertasksthatwillkeepyourmindworking.Ifyourmindisalwayslearningnewthingsandactive,you’llrealizethatit’smucheasierforyoutolearnnewthingsandtofunction.Rememberyourbrainisamuscleandifyouwanttogetthemostoutofit,youmustuseit.Stayfit.Beingingoodhealthandstayinginshapeisabigpartofstayingsharp.Yourbodywillonlygiveyouwhatyouputintoit.3、However,ifyouputforththeeffortintobeinghealthythenyourbodywillexpel(释放)theenergyyouneedtoachieveyourgoals.Ensureenoughsleep.Besuretogetthenecessaryamountofsleepthatyourbodyneedstofunctiononadailybasis.Accordingtostudies,sleephelpsstrengthenandrecoveryourmemories.4、Therefore,youcanimproveyourabilitytofocusandavoiddistractions.Socializemore.Conversationsrequireindividualstostayawareandactive.5、Therefore,it’snecessaryinlifeforyoutokeepyourmindsharp.A．Neverworry.B．Neverstoplearning.C．Youarewhatyoueat.D．Keepfitandstudywell.E.Yourbodywon’tgiveyoutheenergyyourememberifyouarelazy.F.Italsohelpsyourbodybuildupanenergyreserve.G.Socialinteractionwillhelpyoudevelopmultitasking,problemsolvingandotherskills.Belowissomeadviceonhowtopreventcancer:EatblueberriesAsidefrombeingahealthyanddelicioussnack,theblueberriescontainspterostilbene,whichhasim