2023年江苏省淮安市清浦区考研《英语一》考前冲刺试题含解析

2023年江苏省淮安市清浦区考研《英语一》考前冲刺试题SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)完形填空。WhenIwasayoungboy,myparentsoftentoldmethatitwastimethatteachesamaneverything.Ididn'tunderstandandwonderedwhytimehadsuchabig1onaperson.IthoughtIcouldgrowupquicklyto2itoutasanadult.Butnow,beforeIcometoknockatthedoorof3，Ifeelanxioustoexpressmyownopiniononthis4.IknowthatI'mjustahighschoolstudentwithvery5experiences.Therearestillmanythings6meinthefuture,yetIwouldliketoexpressmyselfinachildishvoice.Ioncereadthissentence，“Tomakethisworldahappyplacetolivein,you'dbetterchangeyourselfandyourheart，7thewholeworld.”Iwas8.Itmademethinkaboutlifeitself.Therearesomanythingsaroundusthat9ourwill.Wecan'tforcelifeto10ourwishes.Theearthwon'tstopturningnomatterwhetherweacceptitornot.Whatwecandoisjusttomakeourselves11withtheworld.Ithinkwelearntoaccept12lifegivesus，whetherit'sthespringsunlight13thewintersnowfall,andtrytobehappy.Deeply14bythepopsongGrandmother,Ialwaystryto15everypleasantthinginmylife.16nowIseeIcan'tcatchallofthem.ItismorelikelythattheyslipbyandleaveyoufeelingregretfulthatI'mnotjustlivingformyselfandthatthereareothersaroundmeI17thinkof.Theyallpayattentiontomygrowingup，18it'sjustalittleprogress.Everyonehashisorherownattitudetowardslife,positiveor19.Itdoesn'tmatter,Ithink.Thereisone20thatshouldbeobeyed—tomakethisworldabetterplacetolivein.1、A．pressure B．impression C．influence D．direction2、A．put B．find C．leave D．give3、A．childhood B．neighborhood C．brotherhood D．adulthood4、A．saying B．idea C．fact D．practice5、A．respected B．valued C．limited D．admired6、A．waitingfor B．applyingfor C．dealingwith D．stickingwith7、A．exceptfor B．asfor C．insteadof D．inspiteof8、A．scared B．impressed C．annoyed D．amused9、A．gowith B．goby C．goahead D．goagainst10、A．realize B．accept C．consider D．follow11、A．fightwith B．turndown C．fitin D．laughat12、A．what B．which C．that D．how13、A．and B．or C．so D．yet14、A．worried B．confused C．concerned D．moved15、A．create B．uncover C．grasp D．achieve16、A．But B．So C．Thus D．And17、A．can B．should C．will D．need18、A．incase B．sothat C．evenif D．onlywhen19、A．relevant B．false C．negative D．unreal20、A．point B．word C．thing D．ruleSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Thekeytogettingpeopletoworktogethereffectivelycouldbegivingthemthefreedomtochoosetheircollaborators(合作者)andthecomfortofworkingwithestablishedcontacts,newresearchsuggests.Inthestudy,DavidMelamed,anassistantprofessorofsociologyattheOhioStateUniversityandleadauthorofthestudy,andhisco-authorsfoundparticipantsthroughtheAmazonMechanicalTurkwebsite—aservicethatallowsresearcherstohirepeoplefromaroundtheworldforavarietyofpurposes.Forthisstudy,allparticipantswerefromtheUnitedStates.Thosewhoagreedtoparticipateplayedonlinegamesinwhicheachplayerstartedoutwith1,000monetaryunitsthattranslatedto$1inrealmoneytheycouldpocket.Ifoneplayeragreedtopayanotherplayer50monetaryunits,thatsecondpersonwouldactuallyacquire100units.Eachofthe16-roundgamesincludedabout25participants,someofwhomparticipatedinmultiplegames.Inall,810peopleparticipatedintheresearch.Someofthegamesincludedrandomnetworks,wherecertainpeoplecouldinteract.Othersincludedclustered(群集的)networks,inwhichasmallgrouphadmultipleconnections—anarrangementthatwasdesignedtomimic(模拟)reallife,wherehumansoftenruntheirlivesinpacks.Andthenetworkswereeitherstatic(静态的)ordynamic(动态的).Instaticnetworks,aplayercouldinteractonlywiththeappointedpartners.Indynamicnetworks,participantscouldcuttheirtieswithanotherplayerandformnewconnections.Furthermore,someofthegamesincludedreputationinformation.Participantswerelabeledbasedontheirhistoryofwillingnesstosharemoney.Theideawastotestwhetherthoseknowntocollaboratewerefavoredbyotherplayersbasedonreputation—afactorshowninpreviousresearchtoplayasignificantroleinwhetherapersonislikelytopartnerwithanother.Melamedandhisresearchpartnersweresurprisedtofindthatwhetherpeoplearelikelytopartnerwithothershadnothingtodowithreputationinthisstudy.Thefindingsmighthavedepartedfrompreviousstudiesbecauseofthedifferenceinsizeandstudydesign,hesaid,explainingthatmuchofthepreviousworkinthisareawasconductedingroupsof100orfewerandmostlyinvolvedstudentsubjects.TheTurknetworkusedforthenewstudyhasbeenshowntoberepresentativeoftheU.S.populationintermsofage,raceandotherfactorsandtheintroducedplayershadnopreviousconnections.Cooperationratesoverallwerehigh—andhighestwhentheparticipantswerecooperatinginclustersandhadtheabilitytodropapartnerinfavorofanother.“Whatreallyseemstomatteristheabilitytochangethestructureofanetwork,”Melamedsaid.“Andthepatternsofrelationshipsalsomadeadifference.Thoseinaknownclusterwithmultipleconnectionscooperatedmore.”1、WhatdidDavidMelamedandhispartnersdofortheirstudy?A．Theyhired810peopleglobally.B．Theygaveeachparticipant$1,000.C．Theydesigned16-roundonlinegames.D．Theyaskedeachparticipanttotakepartinonlyonegame.2、Comparedwithpreviousresearch,thenewstudyfoundthat_____.A．reputationplayednoroleincooperationB．studentsubjectsweremorelikelytopartnerwithothersC．playershavingconnectionsbeforeweremorecooperativeD．cooperationrateswereinfluencedbyage,raceandotherfactors3、ItcanbeinferredthatthepurposeofthestudyledbyDavidMelamedistodiscover_____.A．howtochangethepatternsofrelationshipsB．whatleadspeopletocollaboratemostwillinglyC．whatkindofpersonisthemostpopularinateamD．whetherit’spropertodropapartnerinfavorofanotherText2AninternationalteamofresearchersfromtheUniversityofOxfordhavefoundthatthewaypeopleusetheInternetiscloselytiedtotheseasonalmovementsinthenaturalworld.Theironlinespeciessearchesfollowthepatternsofseasonalanimalmigrations(迁徙).Migratorybirds(候鸟)floodbacktowheretheyreproduceeveryspring.Thatmigratorybehaviorisaccompaniedbysomehumanbehavior.“InEnglish-languageWikipedia(维基百科),theonlinesearchesformigratoryspeciestendtoincreaseinspringwhenthosebirdsarriveintheUnitedStates,”saidtheleadauthorJohnMittermeier.Andnotjustbirds.Mittermeierandhisteamsurveyednearly2.5billionWikipediasearchrecords,for32,000species,across245languages.Theyalsosawvariablesearchratesforinsects,horsetailsandfloweringplants.SeasonaltrendsseemedtobewidespreadinWikipediabehaviorformanyspeciesofplantsandanimals.Thisfindingsuggestsnewwaystomonitorchangesintheworld’sbiologicaldiversity.Italsoshowsnewwaystoseehowmuchpeoplecareaboutnature,andwhichspeciesandareasmightbethemosteffectivetargetsforconservation.Mittermeierisencouragedbythesearchresults.Hecommented,“Ithinkthere’saconcernamongconservationists(生态环境保护者)thatpeoplearelosingtouchwiththenaturalworldandthatthey’renotinteractingwithnativespeciesanymore.Andsointhatsense,itwasreallyexcitingandquiteunexpectedformetoseepeople’sWikipediainterestcloselyrelatedtochangesinnature.”RichardGrenyer,AssociateProfessorfromtheUniversityofOxford,sayssearchdataisusefultoconservationbiologists,“Byusingthesebigdataapproaches,wecandirectourattentiontowardsthedifficultquestionsinmodernconservation:whichspeciesandareasarechanging,andwherearethepeoplewhocarethemostandcandothemosttohelp.”1、Whathaveresearchersfoundaboutspeciessearches?A．Theystrengthentiesamongpeople.B．Theyaffecttheanimalmovements.C．Theydifferinlanguagebackgrounds.D．Theyreflectanimalmigrationseasons.2、WhatisthepurposeofwritingParagraph3?A．Tosummarizetheresearchprocess.B．Tofurthersupporttheresearchfindings.C．Toshowthevarietyofspeciessearches.D．Topresentresearchers’heavyworkload.3、HowdoesMittermeierfeelaboutthesearchresults?A．SatisfiedwithWikipedia’sservice.B．WorriedaboutWikipediabehavior.C．Amazedatpeople’scareaboutnature.D．Sadaboutpeople’snotgettingclosetonature.4、WhydoesRichardthinksuchsearchdataisuseful?A．Ithelpstoaimatconservationtargets.B．Itincreasesinterestinbigdataapproaches.C．Itkeepstrackoftrendsinbiologists’work.D．Itpushespeopletosolvedifficultproblems.Text3Researchfindsoutwhysomepeopleareconstantlyunderattackfromthebloodsuckinginsectswhileotherswalkfree.Forthoseunfortunateenoughtofeaturehighlyonthemosquitohitlist,summernightscanbesynonymouswithmosquitobites.Yetothershardlyevergetbitten.Sohowdothebloodthirstyinsectsselecttheirvictims?Theinsects’tastesmayseemarbitrary.However,researchshowsthatwhenmosquitoesmaketheirchoicesbetweenpotentialvictims,itallcomesdowntoscent(气味).“Mosquitoesareattractedbycarbondioxideandheat,whicheveryonegivesoff.Butmosquitoesarealsoattractedbycertainscents,”saysKarl-MartinVagnJensen,theheadofresearchattheDepartmentofAgriculturalScienceatArhusUniversity.AccordingtoJensen,ithasnotyetbeenconfirmedexactlywhatthescentsinquestionare.Butresearchdoesindicatethatsomescentsaremoreattractivetomosquitoesthanothers.“Allthelabemployeesrubbedpetridishes(培养皿)againsttheirstomachs.Inthatway,theirscentswereputonthedishes,whichwerethenputinacontainerfullofmosquitoes,”hesays.“Themosquitoesrepeatedlylandedonsomeofthepetridishes,butdidn’tgoanywhereneartheothers.”Perhapstakinginspirationfrompopularfiction,therearealsothosewhoconsidergarlicasanexcellentrepellent(驱虫剂)againstthewingedbloodsuckers.Accordingtotheresearcher,thisstrategymaynotbeentirelyfruitless.“AsfarasIknow,thereisnoscientificproofthateatinggarlicworks.Buttheremaybesomethingtothetheorythatit’spossibletomaskscentwithgarlic,”hesays.Theonlyreliablemethodofprotectionagainstmosquitoesistouserepellentsthataresoldoverthecounter.Itcontainssomesmellsthatcanconfusethemosquitoes.Whenthemosquitocomescloser,itusessmell,heatandcarbondioxidetodecidewhethertobite.Butifitisconfusedbyarepellent,itwillnevergetthatfar.1、WhichofthefollowingcanbestreplacethephraseunderlinedinParagraph2?A．Beequalto.B．Beaccessibleto.C．Beharmfulto.D．Bebeneficialto.2、Whatcanweinferaboutthescentsattractingmosquitoes?A．Mosquitoescanbeattractedbyvariousscents.B．Somekindsofscentsappealtomosquitoesinparticular.C．Thelabemployeesusepetridishestodeposittheirscents.D．Mosquitoesarearbitrarywhenitcomestodifferentscents.3、WhatisthemainideaofthelastParagraph?A．Anewstrategyisusedinresearchingrepellents.B．Garlicisconsideredtobeanexcellentrepellent.C．Usingrepellentsisaneffectivewayagainstmosquitoes.D．Theinspirationagainstmosquitoesisfrompopularfiction.4、Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?A．Sciencefiction.B．Abiography.C．Amedicalreport.D．Aresearchpaper.Text4AbrahamLincoln,aself-taughtlawyer,waselected16thpresidentoftheUnitedStatesinNovember1860,shortlybeforetheoutbreakoftheCivilWar.Lincolnprovedtobeasmartmilitarystrategistandacompetentleader:HisEmancipationProclamation(解放宣言)pavedthewayforslavery’sabolition,whilehisGettysburgAddressstandsasoneofthemostfamousspeechesinAmericanhistory.InApril1865,withtheUniononthebrinkofvictory,AbrahamLincolnwaskilled;hisuntimelydeathmadehimaherotothecauseofliberty,andheiswidelyregardedasoneofthegreatestpresidentsinU.S.history.OnJanuary20,1981,Reagantookoffice.Only69dayslaterhewasshotbyawould-bekiller,butquicklyrecoveredandreturnedtoduty.Hisgraceandwitduringthedangerousincidentcausedhispopularitytosoar.Attheendofhistwotermsinoffice,RonaldReaganviewedwithsatisfactiontheachievementsofhisinnovativeprogramknownastheReaganRevolution,whichaimedtomotivatetheAmericanpeopleandreducetheirrelianceuponGovernment.Hefelthehadfulfilledhiscampaignpledgeof1980torestore“thegreat,confidentroarofAmericanprogressandgrowthandoptimism.”WhenGeorgeW.Bush,attheageof54,becamethe43rdpresidentoftheUnitedStates,itwasonlythesecondtimeinAmericanhistorythatapresident’ssonwentontotheWhiteHouse.JohnQuincyAdams,electedthesixthpresidentin1824,wasthesonofJohnAdams,thesecondpresident.WhileJohnAdamshadbroughtuphissontobepresident.GeorgeBush,the41stpresident,insistedhewassurprisedwhentheeldestofhissixchildrenbecameinterestedinpolitics,becamegovernorofTexas,andthenwentontothewhiteHouse.BarackObamaservedasthe44thPresidentoftheUnitedStates.HisstoryistheAmericanstory—valuesfromtheheartland,amiddle-classupbringinginastrongfamily,hardworkandeducationasthemeansofgettingahead,andthebeliefthatalifesoblessedshouldbelivedinservicetoothers.WithafatherfromKenvaandamotherfromKansas,PresidentObamawasborninHawaiionAugust4,1961.Hewasraisedwithhelpfromhisgrandfather,whoservedinPatton’sarmy,andhisgrandmother,whoworkedherwayupfromthesecretarialpooltomiddlemanagementatabank.1、Ofthefourpresidents,whoisregardedasanexcellentpublicspeaker?A．AbrahamLincoln. B．RonaldReagan.C．GeorgeW.Bush. D．BarackObama.2、WhenDonaldReaganlefttheWhiteHouse,hefeltthat________.A．heregrettedhavingbeenelectedPresidentB．hestillhadmuchtodoforthecountryC．hehadkepthispromisetothepeopleD．hewasbecomingmorepopularwiththepeople3、Whichofthefollowingpresidentstookofficefirst?A．GeorgeWBush. B．JohnAdams.C．JohnQuincyAdams. D．GeorgeBush.4、Ofthefourpresidents,whosuccessfullyrealizedhisAmericanDream?A．AbrahamLincoln. B．RonaldReagan.C．GeorgeW.Bush. D．BarackObama.5、Ofthefourpresidents,whowasnotabletofinishhistermofservice?A．AbrahamLincoln. B．RonaldReagan.C．GeorgeW.Bush. D．BarackObama.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Herowriterwhowroteofheroeshaspassedaway“1．thereareChinesespeakers,therearehisreaders”ThatsentencehighlightsthehugeinfluenceofLouisChaLeungyung,2．(well)knownbyhispennameJinYong,oneofthemost3．(influence)ChinesenovelistsOverthreehundredmillioncopiesofhisbookshavebeensoldintheChinese-speakingworldaloneAherowhowritesheroesIntheircondolences(哀悼)tohisfamily,manypeoplecalledChaa“hero”eventhoughheconsidered4．(he)awriterofherostoriesThat’sbecauseofthehumanisticconcernsinbothhisnovelsandhisnewspaperarticlesInallhismartialartsstories,heshowsastronganti-wartendencyIn

TheLegendoftheCondorHeroes,5．novelwhichimpressesusdeeply,hewrotehowGenghisKhanwasmovedbythehero’swordsandregrettedhis6．(kill)beforehisdeath“Hehasmercyforeverybodyinthismortal(凡人)world,”WangXiaolei,ownerofaWeChatpublicaccountthatspecializesinanalysisofCha’sworks,7．(write)inhiscondolences8．theirpopularity,onlyTheDeerandtheCauldronaswellasotherthreenovels9．(translate)intoEnglishLegendsoftheCondorHeroes,wasscheduled10．(hit)bookstoresinFebruaryin11．Ilovenaturalscience,whichcamefrommycuriosityinnatureFrom1．earlyage,IcaughtfrogsandinsectsinthenearbywoodsIexploredthecoolstreams2．(run)throughthewoodsandsearchedforfishlivinginthewaterAsIgrewup,myinterestsexpandedaroundsubjectsinschool,particularly3．biology,chemistryandphysicsinhighschoolTheseinterestswereincreasedwithmoretime4．(spend)inthedesertsofArizonaThedesertwasnottotallynewtome,sinceI5．(visit)relativesinPhoenixseveraltimesbeforeImovedthereHowever,exploringthedesertonmyownwasnewIcheckedundereveryrockandbushlookingfor6．(sign)oflifeIfoundmanyincredibleanimalsOnceIhappenedtodiscover7．(poison)snakesunderarockIwasverysacredHowever,I8．(eventual)grewtobecautiousofthemandnowsnakesaremyfavoritestudysubjectIamnowanecologistIhavedoneresearchindeserts,forests,streamsandlakesFindingnewspeciesstill9．(excite)meIamgladtohaveastrongcuriosityinthenaturalworldMyhobbyandcuriositymakeme10．IamnowSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)HowtoFeelBeautifulontheInsidePublicopinionmayhavesomesayinwhoisconsidered“beautiful”ontheoutside,butinnerbeautytakesonawholeothermeaning.1、.Learnwhatbeautymeanstoyouandhavetheconfidencetolivebyyourownrulesstartingtoday.Askyourselfwhatbeautymeanstoyou.Howdoyoudefine(定义)innerbeauty?Isitapersonwhoisalwayssmiling?Someonewhohaskindwordsforeveryonehemeets?Or,isyourdefinitionofbeautymorecomplex?2、.Takeapenandanotebookandwritedownsomewordsthathelpyoudescribeinnerbeauty.Haveconfidenceinwhoyouare.Inadditiontostressingyourcharacterstrengths,youcanapplyotherwaystofeelmoreconfident.3、.Thiscanbeanythingfrommakingmusictoplayingsports.Doingthingsyouaregoodatbuildsself-respect.Smileandlaughmore.4、,justarrangingyourfaceintoasmilingexpressioncanthoroughlychangeyourmood.Smilescanleadtoamorepositivemoodandamorehopefulattitude.Itcannotonlymakeyoufeelbeautifulinside,butalsoimproveyourouterbeauty.5、.Areliablemethodofdevelopingyourowninnerbeautyisadoptingthehabitofseeingthebeautyineverything.Allaroundyou,thereareamazingpeople,placesandthings.Makeanefforttoslowdownandacknowledgethesedaily.A．NoticethebeautyaroundyouB．WhenyouwanttogetthefeelingofconfidenceC．Evenifyoudon’tquitefeeluptoitatthemomentD．Besides,youshouldtrytolaughasmuchaspossibleE.TakeamomenttoreflectonwhatbeautymeanstoyouF.IthasmoretodowithyourcharacterthanyourappearanceG.FrequentlytakepartinactivitiesinwhichyouperformwellIclimbforallwomenBetweenraisingtwodaughtersandwo