旅游英语期末试卷2套含答案(大学期末复习试题)

参考试卷1I.MultipleChoice:(0.5×20=10)Directions:Inthissection,youaregiven20questions,beneatheachofwhicharefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.Youaretomakethebestchoiceeithertocompletetheincompletestatementortoanswerthequestion.1.AccordingtoWTO'sdefinitionoftourism,outboundtourismrefersto____.A.visitstocountrybynonresidentsB.visitsbyresidentsofacountrytoanothercountryC.visitsbyresidentsofacountrytotheirowncountryD.internaltourismplusoutboundtourism2.Asthedomestictourismindustry____,competitionwillbecomeincreasingly____.A.grows,intentB.develops,intentC.matures,intenseD.strengthens,intense3.ThomasCookwasconsideredthefatherof______.A.moderntourismB.railwayindustryC.hotelindustryD.aviationindustry4.Themostimmediatelyapparentformofenvironmentalpollutionis_____.A.physicalratherthanaestheticB.aestheticratherthanphysicalC.psychologicalratherthantechnologicalD.technologicalratherthanpsychological5.Tourismcontributestoboth______oftheworld'sculturalheritage.A.knowledgeB.preservationC.developmentD.BandC6.In1981theWTOhasurgednationaltourismorganizations______foreignnationalsintheircountryasdomestictravelers.A.toincludeB.includedC.nottoincludeD.including7.Localpeopleusuallyseetourismas_______.A.anopportunitytomakeaprofitB.anopportunitytocreatejobsC.aculturalandemploymentfactorD.awealthfactorintheeconomyoftheirjurisdictions8.InOctober1970,theRailPassengerServiceAct______.A.putintopracticeB.wasputintopracticeC.waspracticeD.practised9.In1995Chinaranked______intheworldintermsoftourismdollars.A.seventhB.eighthC.ninthD.tenth10._______cameintoserviceintheearly1980s.A.ThecometB.TheBoeing747C.TheBoeing757D.TheBoeing76711.Thereisareal_____inChinathatminoritytraditionswillbelost.A.threatB.thrillC.transferD.trend12.IntheseventeenthcenturyEnglishinnsset_______foraccommodationsinotherpartsofEurope.A.themodeB.thewayC.thestandardD.thetaverns13.Theuniquelycombinednaturalandculturalresourcebasehasbecomeamajor______forChinainitsefforttodeveloptourism.A.assessB.assetC.assertD.assent14.Forthelimited-capacitytourprograms,theuseof_____isaconvenientwaytoreducecost.A.shellfoldersB.umbrellabrochuresC.regulartourbrochuresD.booklets15.Resourcesareafundamental_______inthedevelopmentoftourism.A.comparisonB.compositionC.complimentD.component16.Whengoingonholidays,whichgroupwillthinkmoreabouttheirsocialstatus?A.Touriststakingholidaysforeducationalpurposes.B.Peoplegoingonadventureholidays.C.Thosetravelfortravel'ssake.D.Thosewhotravelforculturalevents.17.Themostimportantfactorsforthetravelagentstosucceedare______.A.goodmanagementandgoodserviceB.goodofficesC.computerreservationssystemsD.farequotationsandticketingskills18.AccordingtoMaslow'sneedtheory,______.A.lowerneedsandhigherneedsshouldbesatisfiedafteranindividualtravelsB.higherlevelneedstakemoreeffortstofulfillC.anindividualismotivatedtotravelafterhehaslowerandhigherneedsD.lowerneedsshouldbesatisfiedbeforehigherlevelneedsaredemandedattention19.WTOis_____thatrepresentsallnationalandofficialtouristinterests.A.theonlyorganizationB.oneoftheorganizationsC.aregionalinternationalorganizationD.anationalorganization20.AsChina'seconomyshiftstoamoremarketsystem,thedomestictravelindustrywillfaceincreasing_____inamorehighlycompetitiveenvironment.A.changesB.chargesC.challengesD.chancesII.ReadingComprehension:(2×15=30)Directions:Readthethreefollowingpassagesandthenchoosethebestanswertoeachquestion.(1)OnNovember17,1997,HeGuangwei,directoreoftheNationalTourismAdministration(NTA),signedanagreementinWashingtonwithJonathanLinen,vice-chairmanoftheAmericanExpress,designatingtheAmericanExpressCardasChina'stouristcreditcardfor1998to2000.Thisisthesecondtimethecardhaswonthishonor.“SincetheAmericanExpressCardwasdesignatedforthefirsttimein1994,ithasplayedanimportantroleinChina'stourism,”saidDirectorHeatthesigningceremony.Overrecentyears,thenumberoftouristsusingtheAmericanExpressCardtohandlebusiness,tourismandactivitiesrelatedtoworkinChinahasincreased.AccordingtoBankofChinastatistics,theamountofbusinessusingAmericanExpressCardsoccupies45percentoftheaccountssignedwithforeigncreditcards.Inaddition,thenumberofaccountssignedwiththecardbyoverseastouristsstandsat15percentofChina'stouristincomeinforeignexchange.InordertodevelopChina'stourism,theAmericanExpressandtheNTAcarriedoutaseriesofmarketpromotionactivitiesinNorthAmerica,includingdistributingamillioncopiesofthe24WorldofWonders——HongKongandChinainNorthAmerica.TheAmericanExpresshasenthusiasticallysupportedChina'stourismeducationandtraining.In1992,incooperationwiththeBeijingTourismThenewagreementmarkedthefurtherstrengtheningofcooperationbetweentheAmericanExpressandtheNTA.Itisalsooneoftheimportantplansbybothpartiestoboostthelong-termdevelopmentofChina'stourism.“TheAmericancompanyhasawidetourismnetworkinChinaandweareveryhonoredtobeabletomakecontributionstoChina'stourism,Atpresent,thecompanyhasfourofficesinBeijing,Shanghai,GuangzhouandXiamenand30touristservicecentersin22citiesofferingtourandcreditcardservices,includingreissuinglostcards,reportingmissingtravelchecks,consultation,settlingofcardaccounts,handlingcustomers'postandotherservices.21.Accordingtotheinformationgiven,wecansafelysaytheAmericanExpressCardhasbeenusedinChinafor______.A.threeyearsB.fouryearsC.sixyearsD.eightyears22.Accordingtothearticle,thefollowingstatementsaretrueexcept____.A.AmericanExpressCardhaswonthehonorofbeingassignedthecreditcardforuseinChinaforthesecondtimeB.55percentoftheaccountssignedwithforeigncreditcardsarenotoccupiedbyusingAmericanExpressCardC.thenumberoftouristsusingtheAmericanExpressCardinChinaintourismandotherareashasbeenontheriseD.onlytheAmericanExpressCardisbeingpermittedtouseinChinainbusiness,tourismandotherrelatedactivities23.TheAmericanExpressisdoingthefollowingservicesinChinaexcept____.A.handlingcustomer'spostservicesB.dealingwithloanstobusinessesC.settlingofannualcardaccountsD.reportingmissingtravelchecks24.Wecaninferfromthearticlethatoneofthebestwaysfortourismmarketpromotionisto____.A.sendoutlargenumbersofbrochuresB.designateonlyoneforeigncreditcardC.increasetheuseofAmericanExpressCardD.handlebusinessinforeignexchange25.WecanpredictthattheeffectofthesigningoftheagreementwiththeAmericanExpressonChina'stourismwillbe_____.A.temporaryB.complicatedC.superficialD.long-termed(2)Inrecentyears,wehaveseengreatprogressinhousesbuilding.Thetypeofhousesfoundinacertainpartoftheworlddependstoacertainextentonthebuildingmaterialsavailablethere.Countrieswherestoneisabundanttendtohavemorestonehousesthanaplacewherethereisplentyoftimberforexample.However,climaticconditionsaffectthehousesbuilttoagreaterextent.InequatorialcountrieslikeSingaporeandMalaysia,twomainfactorsareresponsibleforthetypeofhousesbuilt:theheatofthesunandthefiercenessofrainstorms.Ourhousesarelightandairybuthavesteeproofs.Insomeplaces,housesarebuiltonstiltsbecausetheymaybeinlowlyingareaswhichgetfloodedeasily.InahotanddrycountrysuchasArabia,thehousesareoftenbox-shapeD.Theyhavethickstonewallswhicharepaintedwhite.Whitesurfacesradiateheatwhiledarksurfacesabsorbit.Thehouseshavenowindows,onlygapswithshuttersoverthem.Eventhedooropeningsareverysmallandnarrow.Itiscoolinsidesuchhouses.Theroofsarealsoflat,sothatwhenthesungoesdown,onecansitontheroofandcatchanycoolbreezethatisblowing.Sometimes,awatertankmaybeplacedontherooftocatchthelittlerainthatfalls.Incoldregions,wherethereisheavysnow,theroofs,ofthehousesslopesteeplysothatthesnowcanslideoffeasily.Iftheroofswereflat,thesnowwouldbuildupandtheroofsmightcaveinundertheweight.Thehousesalsohavethickstonewallssothatthecoldiskeptout.Somecountriesaremorelikelytobeaffectedbyearthquakes.Insuchplaces,thehousesaremadeoflightbuildingmaterials.Ifthehousescollapseinanearthquake,fewpeoplewillgethurtandlessdamageiscaused.Insomepartsoftheworld,peopletaketheirhomesalongwiththemastheytravel.Thesepeoplearecallednomads.TheBedouinsofArablandswanderoverthedesert,settinguptentswherevertheystoptorest.26.Housesinequatorialcountries_______.A.arelightandairyB.havesteeproofsC.arealwaysbuiltonstiltsD.arebuilttoshelterfromtheharshelements27.HousesinArabia_______.A.havethinwallspaintedwhiteB.arebox-shapedC.havemanywindowsD.alwayshavewatertanksontheroof28.Incoldcountriesroofsslopesteeply______.A.sothatpeoplecanbuildcavesunderitB.sothattheroofswon'tbecomesoheavyC.becausepeopledonotneedsnowtobuildthehouseD.sothatthesnowcanslideoffeasily29.Inearthquake-affectedcountries,lightbuildingmaterialsareusedbecause_____.A.peopletherecanmovemoreeasilyB.thehouseswon'thurtpeopleinanearthquakeC.lessdamagewillbecausedinanearthquakeD.peoplewillnotbeaffectedbytheearthquake30.Nomadsarepeoplewho_____.A.liveintentsB.traveloverthedesertC.wanderfromplacetoplaceD.setuptentsoverthedesert(3)Theartofgrowingdwarftrees,or“bonsai”astheirJapanesecreatorscallthem,isincreasinginpopularityintheUntiedStates.Growingbonsaicanmakeafascinatinghobbyforanyonewhoenjoysplantsandcreatingbeautifuleffectswiththem;elaborateequipmentisnotrequiredtogrowtheselovelyandtinytrees,buttime,patience,andasenseofnaturalbeautyare.Therearefourimportantguidelinestofollowingrowingbonsai.First,onemustbecarefulinchoosingthetypeoftree.Notallspeciesoftreescanbemadeintobonsai,sincethegrowingconditionsareunusual.Varietiesofpinewithsmallneedlesandhardwoodtrunksareespeciallysuitable.Second,onemustbecarefulinchoosingthesizeofthecontainerthebonsaiwillbein.Thisisnecessarybecausethemajorgrowthofbonsaiiskeptconfinedtothetree'strunkandleaves,notitsrootsystem——aprocessquiteunlikewhatisdonewithotherplants.Anotherthingthebonsai-growermustdoistrimtherootsandbranchesofthetreeperiodically.Unlessthisisdone,theplantswillnothavetheproperproportionsandwilllookunnatural.TheJapaneseidealforbonsaiistohavetreeswhicharejustlikenormaltreesineverythingbutsize.Thelastthingonemostdoistobecarefultokeeptheminiaturetreeswell-watered.Becausebonsaiaregrowninsmaller-than-usualcontainers,theyoftenneedmorewaterthanordinaryhouseplantsdo.Asonecanseefromtheabove,theartofbonsai-growingisonewhichrequiresacertainamountoftimeandeffort.Thesatisfactionsthatgrowingbonsaibringscanbegreat,however.Imagineastatelypinetree,100yearsold,standingtwofeethigh;imaginehavingsuchatreeinyourlivingroomandpassingitdownthroughseveralgenerationsofyourfamily.Thatisactuallywhatbonsai-growingisallabout:establishingatraditionofbeautywhichlastsforyearsandyearsandisasymbolofthebeautiesofthenaturalworld.31.Bonsaiare_____.A.extremelypopularintheUnitedStatesB.treeswhichhavebeenmadetogrowinminiatureformC.akindofnaturalartformoriginatingintheU.S.D.verybeautifulbutnotverylong-lasting32.Comparedtootherhouseplants,bonsaioftenrequire_____thanonemightexpect.A.lesslightB.morewaterC.alargecontainerD.lesscare33.Whatdoestheidealbonsailooklike?A.Ithasabnormallylargeleaves.B.Ithasanunusuallythicktrunk.C.Ithasmanymorebranches.D.Itisnotmentionedinthepassage.34.Whatistheimpliedmeaningof“acertainamountoftimeandeffort”(lastparagraph)?A.Moretimeandeffortthanordinaryhouseplantsdo.B.Adefiniteandexactamountoftimeandeffort.C.Moretimeandeffortthanmostpeoplecanexpend.D.Aconstantlychangingamountoftimeandeffort.35.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethemostappropriatetitleforthispassage?A.JapaneseArtForms.B.Bonsai——AMarriageofArtandNature.C.TheProblemsofGrowingBonsaiD.FourWaystoGrowBonsai.III.Fillintheblankswiththeproperphrasesgivenbelow.Makesomechangesifnecessary:(1×10=10)payattentiontotakeonappropriateforcomeupwithconsistofcontributetobringtoindulgeingobankruptendowwith36.Domestictourism_____leisureandbusinesstravelactivitiesconductedbycitizenswithintheirowncountry.37.Heisexpecting_______someideasafterheconsiderstheproblem.38.China____avarietyoftourismresources.39.Thiskindofclothesisnot_____schoolwear.40.Heisabusymanandseldom______aholiday.41.Onemustalsopointtotheevidentbenefitswhichtourism_____thecultureofmanycountries.42.Heoffered_____theworkhimself.43.Between1930and35,almost85percentofallhotelsintheUnitedStates______.44.Wehopeyoursuggestionwill______solvingtheproblem.45.Wealsoneed_____themanagementandprotectionofouraccessibletouristresources.IV.Clozetest:(0.5×20=10)Directions:Fillintheblankswithproperwordsorphrases.Manypeople46knowthecostoffoodatlocalmarketsbelievethat47makealarge48；theyseeonlythe49betweenthepricestheypayfortheirown50andthepriceschargedbyrestaurants.51theydonotseearethedirectandoverhead52ofthebusiness.Overheadisusually53asindirectbusinesscoststhatcannotbeassignedto54productoroperation.Inthefoodservice55overheadincludes56suchasrent,insurance,taxesotherthandirectsalestaxes,andutilities(gasandelectricity).57costsincludenotonlythefooditselfbut58paidtoemployees,manyof59areseldomseenbythepatronsoftherestaurant.Directandindirectcostsmust60inmenuplanning.Pleasingthe61isusuallydescribedasmerchandising——makinga62interestingsothatcustomerswill63it.Therestaurant's64,location,andcuisinemustbedesignedto65V.Phrasetranslation:(1×20=20)PartOne:TranslatethefollowingphrasesintoEnglish.66.旅游胜地67.生态旅游68.旅行支票69.社会主义市场经济70.国际旅游年71.购买力72.入境旅游73.联号经营的标准74.噪音污染75.负面因素PartTwo:TranslatethefollowingphrasesintoChinese:76.astudytour77.TourismIncomeMultiplier78.trekkingholiday79.localartandcrafts80.airtransport81.railwayexcursion82.carhire83.industrycodeofconduct84.skyscraperhotelsyndrome85.brilliantancientcivilizationVI.TranslatethefollowingpassagesintoChinese(10×2=20)86Propermaintenanceandprovisionofhotelserviceshaveasignificanteffectontheattitudeofaguesttowardthehotel.Alobby,elevator,orroomthathasnotbeenmaintainedproperly,thatlooksshabby,orthatcontainsitemsrequiringreqaircreatesabadimpressionontheguest.Andofcourse,inadequateairconditioning,poorheating,orimproperplumbingwillresultinimmediatecomplaints.Theguestpaysasubstantialamountofmoneyforaccommodationsandexpectstheequipmenttofunctionatleastaswellasitdoesathome.Therefore,thechiefengineerandstaffhaveanimportantroletofulfillinsatisfyingtheguests'demandsandthushelpingtomaintaintheprofitlevelforthehotel.Atthesametime,theengineeringdepartment'scostmustbeproperlymonitoredandcontrolled.

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Oftenthelargehotelcorporationthatbuildsthehoteldoesnotactuallyoperate,orrunit.Somehotelsareoperatedasspecialright,whichmeansthatthebuildingcorporationsellsorrentstosomeoneelsetherighttooperatethehotel.Theoperatorrunsthehotelaccordingtocertainstandardssetbythecorporationandpaysapercentageoftheincometothecorporation.Otherlargehotelsarerunonmanagementcontracts.Thebuilderagreestoletanothercompanymanageandoperatethehotel.Thebuilderandmanagergetashareofthemoneyearnedbythehotel.Thisisoftenhowlargehotelsthatarebuiltbygovernmentsarerun.Manyothertypesofaccommodationsbesideshotelsareavailabletotourists.Theyareguesthousesortouristhomes,whichprovidea“continentalbreakfast”ofcoffeeandrollsaswellassleepingaccommodations.

参考答案I.MultipleChoice:(0.5×20=10)1.B2.C3.A4.B5.D6.A7.C8.B9.C10.C11.A12.C13.B14.A15.D16.C17.A18.D19.A20.CII.ReadingComprehension:(2×15=30)21.C22.D23.B24.A25.D26.A27.B28.D29.C30.C31.B32.B33.D34.A35.BIII.Fillintheblankswiththeproperphrasesgivenbelow.Makesomechangesifnecessary:(1×10=10)36.consistsof37.tocomeupwith38.isendowedwith39.appropriatefor40.indulgesin41.hasbroughtto42.totakeon43.wentbankrupt44.contributeto45.topayattentiontoIV.Clozetest:(0.5×20=10)46.who47.restaurants48.profit49.difference50.food51.what52.costs53.defined54.particular55.Industry56.items57.Direct58.wages59.whom60.beconsidered61.customers62.product63.buy64.appearance65.appealV.Phrasetranslation:(1×20=20)66.touristattractions67.ecotourism68.traveler'scheque69.socialistmarketeconomy70.internationaltouristyear71.purchasingpower72.inboundtourism73.standardsforchainoperations74.noisepollution75.negativefactors76.修学旅游/教育旅游77.旅游收入增值78.徒步旅行79.地方工艺美术80.航空运输81.火车短程游览82.轿车出租83.行业行为规范84.摩天宾馆综合症85.灿烂的古代文明VI.TranslatethefollowingpassagesintoChinese:(10×2=20)86适时维修饭店设施会极大地影响顾客对饭店的看法。维修不当，看起来破旧失修或需要修缮的大堂、电梯或客房给客人留下很坏的印象。当然，空调不够、供暖不足、管道出故障马上会导致客人投诉。客人付了一大笔住宿费，期望饭店设备起码能像家里的一样正常运转。所以，总工程师和(工程部)员工在满足客人需求从而帮助维持饭店利润水平方面，负担着重要的任务。同时，工程部的费用必须得到适当的监控。87常常是建造旅馆的大型旅馆公司实际上不管理旅馆。有些旅馆是作为特殊权来运作的，这意味着建筑公司把管理旅馆的权利卖给或出租给别的人。管理者按照公司制定的某些规定来经营旅馆然后向公司交付一定比例的收入。别的大旅馆是依照管理合同来经营的。建筑商同意让另一家公司来经营这家旅馆的。建筑商和经理共同分享旅馆经营的收入。政府建造的大旅馆常常是这样经营的。除旅馆外其他膳宿形式如宾馆，或游客之家也对游客开放。它们不仅提供住宿设备也供应咖啡加面包的“大陆式早餐”。参考试卷1I.MultipleChoice:(20)Directions:Inthissection,youaregiven20questions,beneatheachofwhicharefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.Youaretomakethebestchoiceeithertocompletetheincompletestatementortoanswerthequestion.1.WhichofthefollowingstatementisNOTtrue?A.MorrisdancinginFrenchruralcommunitiesowesmuchtotourism.B.Throughtravel,peoplearefindingfriendsineverycorneroftheearth.C.Tourismcontributestobothpreservationanddevelopmentoftheworld'scultureheritage.D.Thesocialsignificanceoftourismisverytruefortheindividualtravelers.

2.Awell-knownexampleofthelargescaledestructionofanecosystemthroughvegetationremovaltoaccommodatetouristfacilitiesisthecaseofthe_______.A.coastalregionsofAustralia B.EuropeanAlpsC.AcropolisinAthens D.SnowdoniainWales3.WhichofthefolloingisNOTincludedinthefabledFiveMountainsinChina?A.Huashan B.LushanC.Songshan D.Taishan4.In1985,_______becamethefirstinternationalhotelcompanytoopenahotelinChinabearingitsownname.A.Sheraton B.HolidayInnC.HiltonInternational D.IBIS(France)5._______innsandtaverns,inparticular,gainedareputationforcleanlinessandcomfortandsetthestandardforaccommodationinotherpartsofEurope.A.Swiss B.GermanC.French D.English6._______aretheprimarydestinationsfortheChineseatpresent.A.SomeEuropeancountries. B.SomeNorthAmericancountries.C.SomeASEANcountries. D.SomeSouthAmericancountries.7.Touristexpenditureshavedifferenteffectsonadestinationeconomy:salesbyfoodvendorstorestaurantsare_______effect;whiletaxifaresandairlineticketsalesare_______effect.A.induced;direct B.direct;indirectC.indirect;direct D.induced;indirect8.IntheU.K.,theQueen'sSilverJubileeisin_______.A.1977 B.1967 C.1987 D.19579.Astothevariouspollutions,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.IntheUS,manyduneshavebeendestroyedbytheuseofbeachbuggies.B.IntheUK,manyduneshavebeenseriouslyerodedbymotorcyclerallying.C.InSpain,theremovalofcoralforcommercialsaledamagescoastalregions.D.FootpathsinSnowdoniainWaleshavebeenerodedbyover-use.10.Chinaisamountainouscountry.Hills,mountains,andplateauscover_______ofthetotalarea.A.1/3 B.3/4 C.2/3 D.1/211.TheWesternCouncilforTravelResearchin_______employedthetermvisitor.A.1965 B.1964 C.1963 D.196212.WhichofthefollowingcountryisnotamemberofOECD?A.Finland B.Luxembourg C.Vietnam D.Italy.13.WhichofthefollowingisnotmentionedasWTO'sobjective?A.Tofacilitate,intravel,people'saccesstoeducationandculture.B.Toactasaninternationalagencyofcoordinationandcooperationtospreadtourism.C.Toavoiddiscriminationbetweencontractingcountries.D.Toimprovetheconditionsofcountrydwellersandsotocontributetoanexpandingworldeconomy.14.WhichofthefollowingcountryisnotamemberofOECD?A.Singapore B.Turkey C.Japan D.Greece15.InEurope_______arethetwoleadingcontendersforaglobalreservationssystem.A.SABREandGALILEO B.GALILEOandAPOLLOC.GALILEOandAMADEUS D.APOLLOandAMADEUS16._______isrecognizedasthenationalflag-carrier.A.Theprivateairline B.ThepublicairlineC.Thecharteredairline D.jetairline17.In1995,anaverageof_______ofdomestictravelerswentonsightseeinginChina.A.52.4% B.54.2% C.56.4% D.54.6%18.Whichofthefollowingisnotaninternationalvisitor?A.Acrewmemberofaforeignvesseloraircraftstoppedinthecountryonalay-over.B.Anemployeeofinternationalbodiesonamissionlastinglessthanoneyear,oranationalreturninghomeforatemporary.C.Onewhovisitsinthecapacityofadiplomatoramemberofthearmedforces.D.Aforeigncommercialorbusinesstraveler.19.AccordingtoMaslow,self-actualizationneedexcludes_______

A.personaldevelopment B.self-discoveryC.satisfactionofinnerdesires D.explorationandevaluation20.Thefirsttaskofabrochureisto_______.A.savespace B.savecost C.attractattention D.bebeautiful

II.ReadingComprehension:(20)Directions:Readthethreefollowingpassagesandthenchoosethebestanswertoeachquestion.(1)Greenspacefacilitiesarecontributingtoanimportantextenttothequalityoftheurbanenvironment.Fortunatelyitisnolongernecessarythateverylectureoreverybookaboutthissubjecthastostartwiththeproofofthisidea.Atpresentitisgenerallyaccepted,althoughmoreasself-evidentstatementthanonthebaseofaclosely-reasonedscientificproof.Therecognitionoftheimportanceofgreenspacesintheurbanenvironmentisafirststepontherightway,thisdoesnotmean,however,thatsufficientdetailsareknownaboutthefunctionsofgreenspaceintownsandaboutthewayinwhichtheinhabitantsareusingthesespaces.AstothisrathercomplexsubjectIshall,withinthescopeofthislecture,enterintooneaspectonlynamelytherecreativefunctionofgreenspacefacilities.Thetheoreticalseparationofliving,working,trafficandrecreationwhichformanyyearshasbeenusedintown-and-countryplanning,hasinmyopinionresultedindisproportionateattentionforformsofrecreationfarfromhome,whereastherewasrelativelylittleattentionforimprovementofrecreativepossibilitiesinthedirectneighborhoodofthehome.Wehavecometotheconclusionthatthisisnotright,becauseanimportantpartofthetimewhichwedonotpassinsleepingorworking,isusedforactivitiesatandaroundhome.Soitisobviousthatrecreationintheopenairhastobeginatthestreet-doorofthehouse.Theurbanenvironmenthastoofferasmanyrecreationactivitiesaspossible,andthedesignofthesehastobesuchthatmoreobligatoryactivitiescanalsohavearecreativeaspect.Theverybeststandardoflivingisnothingifitisnotpossibletotakeapleasantwalkinthedist