2022年中考英语外研版总复习学案-专题三代词

专题三代词人称代词、物主代词、反身代词的分类人称代词物主代词反身代词主格宾格形容词性名词性第一人称单数Imemyminemyself复数weusouroursourselves第二人称单数youyouyouryoursyourself复数youyouyouryoursyourselves第三人称单数hehimhishishimselfsheherherhersherselfitititsitsitself复数theythemtheirtheirsthemselves1.形容词性物主代词具有形容词的特性,在句中用作定语,后面必须接名词。如:Ourteacherisayoungwoman.2.名词性物主代词应独立使用,后面不跟名词。相当于形容词性物主代词+名词。如:HerEnglishisbetterthanmine.(mine=myEnglish)指示代词单数复数用法1用法2this这个these这些近指:Thisismybook.指下文将要提及的事。如:Pleaserememberthis:“Nopains,nogains.”that那个those那些远指:Thatisherbike.指前面刚刚提过的事。如:Hewasill.Thatwaswhyhedidn’tgotoschool.it,one,that作代词的区别1.it特指上下文提到的同类同物。2.one泛指上下文提及的同类事物中的一份子。3.that常用于比较结构中,代替前面提到的单数或不可数名词,以免重复。表示“一些、许多”的不定代词的用法用法词或词组例句只修饰可数名词manyManystudentsarereadingEnglish.agreat/largenumberofAgreatnumberofstudentsareplantingtreesoverthere.afewDon’tworry.There’reafewminutesleft.fewThere’refewminutesleft.Hurryup!只修饰不可数名词muchHehasn’tgotmuchtimetogooverhislessons.alittleDon’tworry.Ihavealittlemoneyhere.littleThereislittlesaltinthebag.You’dbetterbuysome.abitofWhydon’tmendoabitofhousework?可数名词、不可数名词都修饰someIhavesomepaper.Ialsohavesomebooks.anyHehasn’tanyink.Hehasn’tanypens,either.alotof=lotsofShehasalotofmoney.Shealsohaslotsoffriendshere.1.afew,alittle表示肯定意义,意为:“有一些,有几个”。few,little表示否定意义,意为:“几乎没有”。即:有a则有,无a则无。2.“anumberof+名词复数”作主语时,后面的谓语动词用复数。“thenumberof+名词复数(……的数目)作主语时,后面的谓语动词用单数。3.表“一些”时,some一般用于肯定句,any用于疑问句或否定句,但表示征求意见,希望得到肯定回答的疑问句,也用some。表示“三三、两两”的不定代词词义指两者或两者以上的人或物指三者或三者以上的人或物每一个eachevery任何一个eitherany另一个theotheranother都bothall都不neithernone【辨析】another、theother、others和theothers的区别1.another泛指三个或三个以上的人或物中的另一个。Thiscoatisnotgood;pleaseshowmeanother.这件大衣不好,请拿另一件给我看看。2.theother指已知的两个人或物中的另一个,常与one连用。Ihavetwobooks.OneisaboutEnglish,theotherisaboutmaths.我有两本书。一本是关于英语的,另一本是关于数学的。3.others泛指其余的人或物中的一些,others=other+名词。Someapplesaregoodandothersarebad.一些苹果是好的,还有一些是坏的。4.theothers指一定范围内的其余的人或物中的全部,theothers=theother+名词。Somepeoplelikefootball.Theotherslikebasketball.有一些人喜欢足球。其余的都喜欢篮球。助记【语法心得】____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________复合不定代词指人指物肯定句否定句疑问句通用肯定句否定句疑问句通用someonesomebodyeveryoneeverybodyanyoneanybodyeveryoneeverybodynobodynoonesomethinganythingeverythingnothing【拓展】①形容词或else修饰复合不定代词时,要放在后面。Ihavenothingimportanttotellyou.我没有什么重要的事情告诉你。②复合不定代词在句中可以作主语、宾语或表语。但不能作定语。复合不定代词作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数。Somethingiswrongwithyourbike.你的自行车有毛病。复合不定代词的用法口诀复合代词美名扬,修饰成分后边藏。如果它来作主语,谓语用单要记住。一、人称代词、物主代词、反身代词(B)1.(2021·天津中考)Mike’sauntisEnglishteacher.Wealllike.

A.our;sheB.our;herC.we;sheD.we;her(B)2.(2021·山西中考)YuanLongping,knownasthefatherofhybridrice,helpedliftthenationoutofhunger.Peoplewillneverforget.

A.me B.him C.them(C)3.(2021·成都中考)—Lily,isthisbluepencilboxSteve’s?—No,itisn’t.isblack.

A.Mine B.Hers C.His(C)4.(2020·上海中考)friendClaudefromFranceiskeenonChineseculture.

A.I B.Me C.My D.Mine(A)5.(2021·昆明中考)Taichi,partofChineseculture,isanexercisewhichhelpspeopleimproveinhealth.

A.themselves B.ourselvesC.itself D.myself一、用“功能法”判断人称代词、物主代词或反身代词1.在动词前常作主语,用人称代词主格或名词性物主代词。(如3)2.在(系)动词或介词后,常作(表)宾语,则用人称代词的宾格、名词性物主代词或反身代词。(如1,2,5)3.在名词前作定语,则用形容词性物主代词。(如4)【语法心得】____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________二、指示代词(C)1.(2020·成都中考)Molly,mydictionaryisnothere.Doyouhave?

A.it B.that C.one(A)2.(2021·苏州中考)ThegravityonMarsisonlyaboutthreeeighthsofontheEarth.

A.that B.those C.one D.ones(B)3.(2021·遂宁中考)—Iboughtaskirtfor.Ihopeyoulike.

—Thankyou,mom.Ican’twaittotryiton.A.you;one B.you;it C.me;one D.me;it二、用“指代法”判断指示代词1.下文提到的对象与上文是同一个事物,用it;是同类事物中的某一个用one。(如1,3)2.代指近处用this或these;代指远处的事物用that或those;指前面刚刚提过的事也用that。(如2)三、表示“一些、许多”的不定代词(B)1.(2020·青海中考)—Whydon’tyoufindsomeworkerstorepairthemachines?—Well,ofthemwanttodosuchalow-paidjob.

A.afew B.few C.some(C)2.(2021·遂宁中考)Thenumberofthewhalessmallerandsmallerbecauseofhumanactivitiesnow.

A.were B.was C.is D.are(B)3.(2020·齐齐哈尔中考)—Mum,therearen’teggsinthefridge.We’dbettergotothesupermarkettobuy.

—OK.Let’sgo.A.some;any B.any;some C.any;any三、选“一些”代词要“三看”!一看“意义”,肯定的用afew,alittle,alotof等;否定的用few,little等。(如1)二看“谓语”,anumberof谓语用复数;thenumberof谓语用单数。(如2)三看“句式”,肯定句式用some,否定句式用any。(如3)四、表示“三三、两两”的不定代词(D)1.(2020·云南中考)—Whatwouldyoulike,icecreamorapplejuice?—.Oneformysisterandtheotherformyself.

A.Neither B.All C.None D.Both(C)2.(2021·达州中考)ThetwobooksareaboutEnglish.Youcanchooseofthemtoread.

A.all;both B.all;eitherC.both;either D.both;neither(C)3.(2021·扬州中考)—Whichcolourdoyoulike,redorblue?—.Ilikegreen.

A.Either B.Both C.Neither D.None(A)4.(2021·武汉中考)—TherearemainlysixkindsofteainChina.Whichisyourfavorite?—Greentea,Iguess.I’vetriedblacktea,greenteaandsoon,andofthemhavetheirspecialtastes.

A.all B.both C.none D.neither四、代词找“数量”1.如果语境有“two”,表示“两者都”用both;表示“二选一”用either;表示“两者都不”用neither;表示“一个……另一个……”用one...theother...。(如1,2,3)2.如果语境有“three”或更多数量,表示“都”用all;表示“都不”用none;表示“另一个”用another。(如4)【语法心得】______________________________________________________________________________