Unit6DisasterandhopeUsinglanguage语法课件高中英语

Unit6DisasterandhopeEllipsisB3U6A:

I’m

hungry.

B:

Are

you

(hungry)?

A:

Yeah.

I

didn’t

have

lunch

today.B:

(Do

you)

Want

some

sandwiches?

A:

Are

there

any?

B:

Yeah.

(I’ve)

Just

made

some.定义

省略是一种避免重复、突出新信息并使上下文紧密连接的语法

手段。与汉语-样，英语中的省略也较为常见。一般来说，只要

不损害结构或引起歧义，能省略的地方就可以省略。Ellipsis省略意义

可使语言更加简洁，意思更加明确，句子结构更加紧凑。

[ɪˈlɪpsɪs]aIt’sjusttypicalthatmyjourneyisononeoftheoldestlines,aswellasoneofthedeepest.bMyofficeisonlyonthethirdfloorofthebuilding,soquitelow.cIt’sjusttypicalthatmyjourneyisononeoftheoldestlines,aswellasoneofthedeepestlines.dMyofficeisonlyonthethirdfloorofthebuilding,soitisquitelow.Lookatthesentencesfromthereadingpassageandanswerthequestions.1

Whathasbeenleftoutinthesesentences?“Lines”insentence(a),and“itis”insentence(b).一、简单句的省略1.省略主语祈使句中主语通常省略;

其它省略主语多限于少数现成的说法。Handmethehammer,willyou?Thankyouforyourhelp.Soundsgreat.Lookslikerain.(You)(I)(It)(It)一、简单句的省略2.省略主谓或主谓语的一部分祈使句中主语通常省略;

其它省略主语多限于少数现成的说法。Anythingyouyouwanttotellme?Anything

wrong?What/How

about

a

cupof

tea?Why

not

say

hello

to

him?(Is

there)(Is

there)(do

you)(do

you

think)一、简单句的省略3.省略作宾语的不定式短语

省略作宾语的不定式短语，只保留to,但如果该宾语是动词be或完成时态，则须在之后加上be或have:(1)–Are

you

going

there?

–Yes,

I’dlike

to.(go

there)(adoctor)(finished

hishomework)(2)–Are

you

adoctor?

–No,butIwanttobe.(3)

–He

hasn’t

finished

hishomework.

–He

ought

to

have.二、并列句的省略

在and、but、so、or连接的并列结构中，

第二个部分相同的结构在不造成意义混淆时可以省去Sheissittinginthechairandtalkingtoherson.Sheoftenkeepsherdogfromrunninginthefieldandsleepinginthelivingroom.∧to∧from∧is三、复合句的省略1.定语从句的省略

在限制性定语从句中作宾语的关系代词可以省略。HeisoneofthemenIcantrust. ThisistheverypenIlenttohim.∧who∧that三、复合句的省略1.定语从句的省略

在限制性定语从句中作宾语的关系代词可以省略。Canyoutellmetheway_____________youusetosolvetheproblem?Canyoutellmetheway______________yousolvetheproblem?which;that;/inwhich;that;/先行词

way

表示_______且在从句中作______时关系词也可以省掉，也可以用______或_________.状语inwhichthat方式三、复合句的省略2.宾语从句的省略

在限制性定语从句中作宾语的关系代词可以省略。–Doyouthinkitwillrain？–Ithinkso.–Ithink

not./Idon’tthinkso.(thatitwillnotrain.)(thatitwillrain.)在对话中，答语中的宾语从句常常省略，用so代替肯定内容，用not代替否定内容。三、复合句的省略3.状语从句的省略When______(take)accordingtodirections,thedrughaslittlesideeffect.Though_______(lack)money,hisparentsmanagedtosendhimtouniversity.Theyoungmanrushedoutoftheroom,asif_________(frighten)bythestrangenoise.When_______(饥饿),youshouldeatmoremeat.MydogwoulddoanythingIorderhimto_________________(当心情好时).takenlackingfrightenedwheningoodmoodhungry当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且从句谓语是be动词或其变化形式的时候，从句的主语和be动词可以一起省掉。把下面的句子改成省略句1.Iconsiderhimtobelazy.→Iconsider

2.Theymaygoiftheywishtogo.→Theymaygo3.Hepausedasifhewasexpectinghertospeak.→Hepausedasif4.Jackwillsingattheparty,butIknowJohnwon’tsingattheparty.→Jackwillsingattheparty,but————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————practice!himlazy.iftheywishto.expectinghertospeak.IknowJohnwon’t.Findoutwhatwordshavebeenremovedbeforeoraftertheunderlinedwords.itsways(toforecasttheweather)

dryperiod(that’sontheway)moreloudly(thanusual)(look)forbirdswhenandwhere

(somethingbadisgoingtohappen)RemovewordsfromthenewsreporttomakeitmoreconciseRemovewordsfromthenewsreporttomakeitmoreconciseThe8.1magnitudeearthquakethathitNepalon25April2015,wasoneoftheworstearthquakesinhistory.Onhearingthenews,Chinawasquicktostartorganisingemergencyaid.RemovewordsfromthenewsreporttomakeitmoreconciseInternationalrescueteamssoonbegantoarriveinthecountry.Amongstalltheinternationalheavyrescueteams,theChinaInternationalSearchandRescueTeam(CISAR)wasthefirstinternationalheavyrescueteamtoarrive.Consistingof