初中英语2024届中考复习前缀后缀汇总

中考英语前后缀汇总一、前缀前缀用在词根前面以改变词的意义，一般不改变词性。1.否定前缀un-unhappy,unusual,unfair,unlike,unfriendly,uncomfortable,uncrowded,uneasy,unexpected,unlucky,unbelievable,unable,unforgettable。im-impolite,impossible。in-inexpensive,incorrect,informaldis-dislike,disappointed,discover,discourage,dishonest,disappear,disbelief,disadvantage,disabledoir-irregular2.其它前缀re-（表示再，又）review,recycle,return,reuse,reusable,researchinter-（表示在之间，相互）interview,internet,internationalunder-（表示低于）underwear,undergroundbi-（表示两）bicycleIdon'tfeelhappy也可以说成Ifeelunhappyounlike是介词，dislike是动词，在使用时必须注意。另外，含有否定前缀的词用在反义疑问句中，后面简短的一般疑问句照样要用否定的，如:LThat'simpossible,isn'tit?2.Hefeelsunlucky,doesn"the?二、后缀后缀用在词根后面以改变词性。.动词变成名词在一个动词后面加上某一个后缀，使之变为名词。①动词+er/or7ist/ress（表示动作的执行者）+erteach-teacher,work-worker,read-reader,think-thinker,perform-performer,wait-waiter,sing-singer,play-player,cook-cooker,record-recorder,keep-keeper,1isten-1istener,farm-farmer,climb-climber,lead-leader,speak-speaker,report-reporter,clean-cleaner,help-helper以e结尾的单词，+rwrite-writer,drive-driver,dance-dancer,ride-rider,rule-ruler,manage-manager,make-maker重读闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音字母，元音发短音时，双写尾字母，再+errun-runner,win-winner,travel-travel(1)er+orvisit-visitor,act-actor,invent-inventor,compete-competitor,translate-translator,direct-director+isttour-tourist+resswait-waitress,act-actress②动词+tionact-action,suggest—suggestion,communicate-communication,invite-invitation,pollute-pollution,compete-competition,predict-prediction,invent-invention,prepare-preparation,protect-protection,celebrate-ce1ebration,direct-direction,educate-education,examine-examination,inspire-inspiration,introduce-introduction,produce-production,graduate-graduation,pronounce-pronunciation③动词+ingdraw-drawing,paint-painting,build-building,say-saying,cross-crossing,happen-happening,end-ending,mean-meaning,feel-feeling,begin-beginning,open-opening④动词+mentagree-agreement,disagree-disagreement,develop-development,improve-improvement,encourage-encouragement,punish-punishment,achieve-achievement,manage-management⑤动词+anceappear-appearance,disappear-disappearance⑥动词+sionexpress-expression,discuss-discussion,decide-decision在句子中，如果作主语、宾语、表语，就要把动词改为名词。用括号内所给词的适当形式填空：Heisabasketball(play).Thankyouforyour(invite).Theteacherispleasedwithhis(improve)inEnglish..名词变成形容词在一个名词后面加上某一个后缀，使之变为形容词。①名词+fulthank-thankful,help-helpful,care-careful,use-useful,hope-hopeful,beauty-beautiful,wonder-wonderful,pain-painful,harm-harmful,success-successful,truth-truthful②名词+lesshelp-helpless,hope-hopeless,use-useless,care-careless,harm-harmless③名词+yrain-rainy,wind-windy,snow-snowy,sun-sunny,fog-foggy,ice-icy,health-healthy,luck-lucky,noise-noisy,sleep-sleepy,thirst-thirsty,hunger-hungry④名词+lyweek-weekly,love-lovely,friend-friendly,live-lively⑤名词+alperson-personal,music-musical,tradition-traditiona1,center-central,nature-natural,culture-cultural,digit-digital,accident-accidental,education-educational,profession-professional,nation-national,medicine-medical,environment-environmental⑥名词+ousdanger-dangerous,humor-humorous,fame-famous,mystery-mysterious⑦名词+erneast-eastern,west-western,south-southern,north-northern,southeast-southeastern⑧名词+enwood-wooden,wool-woolen,go1d-go1den⑨名词+ishfool-foolish,self-selfish⑩名词以ce结尾，把ce改为tsilence-silent,patience-patient,confidence-confident,importance-important,convenience-convenient在句子中，如果作表语、定语或宾补时，很可能要把名词变成形容词。.Lookafteryourselfandkeep(health)..Theyaretalkingabout(healthy)problem..Youshouldeat(health)food..Playingbasketballkeepsme(health)..Weshoulddomoresportandeat(health)..动词变成形容词动词的现在分词、过去分词可作形容词，或在动词后加上某些后缀也可变成形容词。①动词+ing(即现在分词)move-moving,care-caring,understand-understanding,burn-burning,freeze-freezing,fascinate-fascinating,embarrass-embarrassing,surprise-surprising,bore-boring,tire-tiring,excite-exciting,interest-interesting,disappoint-disappointing,frighten-fTightening,boil-boiling②动词+ed(即过去分词)move-moved,burn-burned(或burnt),freeze-frozen,embarrass-embarrassed,disappoint-disappointed,surprise-surprised,bore-bored,tire-tired,worry-worried,excite-excited,interest-interested,frighten-frightened,boil-boiled③动词+ableunderstand-understandable,forget-forgettable,enjoy-enjoyable,comfort-comfortable,value-valuable,believe-believable动词和形容词在句子中的作用不同，在使用时要根据实际情况作出变化，当然也要区分现在分词与过去分词所作的形容词，现在分词表示主动或正在进行，多数形容事物；过去分词表示被动或已经完成，多数形容人。如；Iam(bore)withthe(bore)job.Hefoundthenews(excite).Onlywhensomethingislostdowefindit(value)..形容词变成副词除了一些形容词、副词同形的词，如early/late/fast/high/far/hard等以外，大多数形容词后面加上ly变成副词，不过有些要作改变，注意不同的变化情况。(Dcareful-carefully,real-really,wide-widely,wise-wisely,polite-politely,loud-loudly,gradual-gradually,general-generally,most-mostly,cheap-cheaply,special-specially,certain-certainly,sudden-suddenly,recent-recently,different-differently,complete-completely,beautiful-beautifully,total-totally,slow-slowly,quick-quickly（2）happy-happily,easy-easily,heavy-heavily,angry-angrily,lucky-luckily,healthy-healthily,noisy-noisily③simple-simply,gentle-gently,possible-possibly,probable-probably,comfortable-comfortably,terrible-terribly④true-truly形容词作表语、定语、宾补，而副词作状语。Thatthingmade（使）mehappy.（形容词作宾补）Theyaremaking（制作）cardshappily.（副词作状语）Weliveahappylife.（形容词作定语）Sheseemsveryhappy.（形容词作表语）.形容词变成名词形容词后面加上后缀ness/th/ity等可变回名词。①good-goodness,kind-kindness,ill-illness,sick-sickness,sad-sadness,shy-shyness,fair-fairness,busy-business,careful-carefulness,careless-carelessness（2）warm-warmth,long-length,w