2023年全国高考英语试题中的长难句（附长难句翻译练习）学案高考英语一轮复习

2023高考英语中的长难句（附长难句翻译练习）1.Adirtystream,forexample,oftenbecameclearafterflowingthroughplantsandalongrockswheretinycreatureslived.句意为：例如，一条污浊的小溪，在流经植物和微小生物栖息的岩石后，通常会变得清澈。本句中forexample为插入语，afterflowingthroughplantsandalongrocks...为时间状语，其中包含一个由where引导的定语从句，修饰先行词rocks。（新课标I卷）2.Inpartone,Idescribethephilosophicalfoundationsofdigitalminimalism,startingwithanexaminationoftheforcesthataremakingsomanypeople’sdigitallivesincreasinglyintolerable,beforemovingontoadetaileddiscussionofthedigitalminimalismphilosophy.句意为：在第一部分中，我论述了数字极简主义的哲学基础，首先探讨了到底是什么样的力量使得许多人的数字生活越来越难以忍受，然后对数字极简主义生活准则进行详细讨论。startingwith…为分词结构作状语；that引导定语从句，修饰先行词forces。（新课标I卷）3.Attheendofthethirtydays,youwillthenaddbackasmallnumberofcarefullychosenonlineactivitiesthatyoubelievewillprovidemassivebenefitstothethingsyouvalue.句意为：在这三十天结束时，你可以恢复少量精心挑选的，你认为将对你所珍视的东西大有裨益的线上活动。that引导定语从句，修饰先行词onlineactivities；youvalue为省略了引导词的定语从句，修饰先行词thethings。（新课标I卷）4.You’llheartheseparticipants’storiesandlearnwhatstrategiesworkedwellforthem,andwhattrapstheyencounteredthatyoushouldavoid.句意为：你将了解到这些参与者的故事，知悉哪些策略对他们有效，以及他们遇到了哪些你应当避免的陷阱。learn后有两个由what引导的宾语从句，that引导定语从句，修饰先行词traps。（新课标I卷）5.Inthesechapters,Iexamineissuessuchastheimportanceofsolitudeandthenecessityofcultivatinghighqualityleisuretoreplacethetimemostnowspendonmindlessdeviceuse.句意为：在这些章节中，我探讨了独处的重要性，以及培养高质量休闲活动的必要性等问题，以取代现在大多数人漫无目的地使用电子设备而花费的时间。mostnowspendon…为省略了引导词的定语从句，修饰先行词thetime，most意为“大多数人”。（新课标I卷）6.Thekeyfindingofthestudywasthatwhencrowdswerefurtherdividedintosmallergroupsthatwereallowedtohaveadiscussion,theaveragesfromthesegroupsweremoreaccuratethanthosefromanequalnumberofindependentindividuals.句意为：这项研究的重要发现是，当大的群体被进一步分成更小的群体并允许讨论时，这些群体（估算）的平均值比同样数量的独立个体的平均值更准确。本句主干是个主系表结构：thekeyfindingofthestudywasthat...；that引导的表语从句由一个主从复合句构成，其中when引导的条件状语从句中又包含一个that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词smallergroups，主句theaveragesfromthesegroupsweremoreaccuratethanthosefromanequalnumberofindependentindividuals中的those指代theaverages。（新课标I卷）7.Theimageofthereaderappearsthroughouthistory,inartmadelongbeforebooksaswenowknowthemcameintobeing.句意为：阅读者的形象是贯穿历史的，早在我们如今熟知的书籍出现之前很久，就已有展现阅读者形象的艺术作品问世。句子主干是：Theimageofthereaderappearsthroughouthistory。inart…作状语，madelongbeforebooks…cameintobeing作后置定语，修饰art；aswenowknowthem为插入语。（新课标Ⅱ卷）8.Morerecently,asbookshavebeeinexpensiveoreventhrowaway,artistshaveusedthemastherawmaterialforartworks—transformingcovers,pagesorevenpletevolumesintopaintingsandsculptures.句意为：最近，由于书籍变得廉价甚至被随意丢弃，艺术家们已经将书籍用作艺术品的原材料，将书籍的封面、内页甚至整本书变成绘画和雕塑作品。本句为主从复合句，主句的主干为artistshaveusedthemastherawmaterialforartworks。as引导原因状语从句，主句后的动词ing短语作伴随状语。（新课标Ⅱ卷）9.Theysurveyedseveralhundredparkgoers,askingthemtosubmitawrittensummaryonlineofameaningfulinteractiontheyhadwithnatureinthepark.句意为：他们调查了数百名公园游客，要求他们在线提交一份书面总结，描述一下他们在公园里与大自然进行的一次有意义的互动。句子主干是：Theysurveyedseveralhundredparkgoers；askingthem...natureinthepark作伴随状语；伴随状语中theyhadwithnatureinthepark是省略了关系代词的定语从句，修饰先行词interaction。（新课标Ⅱ卷）10.Namingeachnatureexperiencecreatesausablelanguage,whichhelpspeoplerecognizeandtakepartintheactivitiesthataremostsatisfyingandmeaningfultothem.句意为：为每种自然体验命名可以创造出一个可用的语言，它有助于帮助人们认识和参与最令人满意和有意义的活动。句子主干是：Namingeachnatureexperiencecreatesausablelanguage；which引导定语从句，修饰先行词language，该定语从句中又包含另一个定语从句thataremostsatisfyingandmeaningfultothem，修饰先行词activities。（新课标Ⅱ卷）全国一卷A1.Gotothegovernmentwebsitetolearnaboutprogramsandonlinetoolsavailabletohelppeopleunder30buildskills,findajoborstartbusinessesallyearround.分析：__________________________________________________________________________翻译：__________________________________________________________________________2.ThroughtheSummerEmploymentOpportunitiesprogram,studentsarehiredeachyearinavarietyofsummerpositionsacrosstheProvincialPublicService,itsrelatedagenciesandmunitygroups.分析：__________________________________________________________________________翻译：__________________________________________________________________________B3.Withshiningdarkeyes,heseemslikethekindofkidwhowouldenjoypublicspeaking.分析：__________________________________________________________________________翻译：__________________________________________________________________________4.Whaleyrecallshowatthebeginningoftheyear,whencalledupontoread,Chriswouldexcusehimselftogotothebathroom.分析：__________________________________________________________________________翻译：__________________________________________________________________________5.“Ittakesalotforanystudent,”Whaleyexplains,“especiallyforastudentwhoislearningEnglishastheirnewlanguage,tofeelconfidentenoughtosay,‘Idon’tknow,butIwanttoknow.’”分析：__________________________________________________________________________翻译：__________________________________________________________________________C6.Thissmartkeyboardpreciselymeasuresthecadencewithwhichonetypesandthepressurefingersapplytoeachkey.分析：__________________________________________________________________________翻译：__________________________________________________________________________7.Thekeyboardcouldofferastronglayerofsecuritybyanalyzingthingsliketheforceofauser’stypingandthetimebetweenkeypresses.分析：__________________________________________________________________________翻译：__________________________________________________________________________8.Thekeyboardcandeterminepeople’sidentities,andbyextension,whethertheyshouldbegivenaccesstotheputerit’sconnectedto—regardlessofwhethersomeonegetsthepasswordright.分析：__________________________________________________________________________翻译：__________________________________________________________________________9.Datacollectedfromthedevicecouldbeusedtorecognizedifferentparticipantsbasedonhowtheytyped,withverylowerrorrates.分析：__________________________________________________________________________翻译：__________________________________________________________________________阅读七选五10.Iftheairyou’rebreathingisclean—whichitwouldbeifyou’reawayfromthesmogofcities—thentheairisfilledwithlifegiving,energizingoxygen.分析：__________________________________________________________________________翻译：__________________________________________________________________________完形11.DoesKilimanjarodeserveitsreputationasacrowdedmountainwithlinesoftouristsruiningtheatmosphereofpeace?分析：__________________________________________________________________________翻译：__________________________________________________________________________语法填空12.Scientistshaverespondedbynotingthathungrybearsmaybecongregatingaroundhumansettlements,leadingtotheillusionthatpopulationsarehigherthantheyactuallyare.分析：__________________________________________________________________________翻译：__________________________________________________________________________全国二卷A13.Therewasabitofmethatdidn’twanttolovethiswheneveryoneelseontheplanetdid,butthehorrorstoryisbrilliant.分析：__________________________________________________________________________翻译：__________________________________________________________________________14.It’sarealwhodunitandthefrustrationwhenyourealisewhat’sgoingonishorriblyenjoyable.分析：__________________________________________________________________________翻译：__________________________________________________________________________B15.ImentionthesingleparentwithfourkidsrunningtheshowandItalkaboutthedadcoachingateamthathiskidsaren’tevenon.分析：__________________________________________________________________________翻译：__________________________________________________________________________16.I’msecretlyrelievedbecauseIknowthere’srealpowerinsharingvolunteerresponsibilitiesamongmany.分析：__________________________________________________________________________翻译：__________________________________________________________________________17.Thatreliefiscoupledwithadeepunderstandingofwhythesamepeoplekeepingbackformore:Connectingtothemunityasyoufreelygiveyourtime,money,skills,orservicesprovidesarealjoy.分析：__________________________________________________________________________翻译：__________________________________________________________________________18.Inthatsense,I’mprettysurevolunteeringismoreofaselfishactthanI’dfreelyliketoadmit.分析：__________________________________________________________________________翻译：__________________________________________________________________________19.However,ifothersbenefitintheprocess,andIgetsomerewardtoo,doesitreallymatterwheremymotivationlies?分析：__________________________________________________________________________翻译：__________________________________________________________________________C20.Onlyatdinnertimeareweeatingtogetheranymore，74percent，accordingtostatisticsfromthereport.分析：__________________________________________________________________________翻译：__________________________________________________________________________参考解析全国1卷A1.句意为：一年到头都可以上政府网页了解项目和有用的线上工具，这些工具能够帮助30岁以下的人增强技能，找到工作或者创业。2.句意为：通过暑期工项目，学生每年能够得到各种各样的暑期工作，工作地点包括省公共服务机构，及与之相关的机构和社区组织。B3.句意为：他有着明亮的黑眼睛，看起来像是那种喜欢在公众场合演讲的孩子。4.句意为：Whaley回想起年初的时候，当要Chris朗读时，他就会请求去一趟卫生间。whencalledupontoread句中省略了hewas。5.句意为：Whaley解释道，“对于任何一个学生来说，尤其是英语作为新语言学习的学生，自信地说出‘我不知道，但我想知道’需要付出很多。”C6.句意为：这种智能键盘精确地测量人打字的节奏和按压每个键的力度。本句包含一个由which引导的定语从句修饰thecadence。7.句意为：通过分析一些数据，例如使用者的打字力度和按键时间，(这种)键盘可以提供一层强有力的安全措施。8.句意为：(这种)键盘能确定人的身份，然后确定是否可以让他们访问已连接的电脑，不管这个人是否输入了正确的密码。theputerit’sconnectedto是省略了关系代词的定语从句。9.句意为：根据参与者如何打字，从这台装置上收集来的数据可以用来辨认他们，错误率极低。collectedfromthedevice作定语修饰data，basedonhowtheytyped作方式状语修饰recognize，withverylowerrorrates作伴随状语修饰recognize。阅读七选五10.句意为：如果你呼吸的空气是干净的——倘若你远离城市的烟雾，空气应该是干净的——那么空气里满是让人充满活力与生命力的氧气。本句为if引导的条件状语从句，其中whichitwouldbe是对前面进行解释说明，指代“theairyou’rearebreathingisclean”整句话。完形11.句意为：乞力马扎罗山是该得到一个人满为患，安静被破坏的这样的名声吗?acrowdedmountainwithlinesoftouristsruining