2022晋江南侨中学洪芙蓉

NanqiaoMiddleSchool

---KerryDec.19th,

2017

Theskillofreadingcomprehension--ChapterstructureanalysismethodofschemaMyteachingopinion*Giveamanafish,feedhimforaday;teachhimtofish,feedhimforalifetime.

*

It’sbettertoteachfishingthantoofferfish.Howtodoreadingcomprehensionbetter?Hewhohasathoroughknowledgeoftheenemyandhimselfisboundtowininallbattles.

Knowyourenemy,knowyourself,andyourvictorywillnotbethreatened.NMET1.主旨大意题包括：主要内容(mainidea,mainlyabout)型、文章标题(title)型、写作目的(purpose)型。(1)What’sthemainidea/pointofthepassage?(2)Thepassageismainlyabout________.(3)Thepassageismainlyconcernedabout________.(4)Whichofthefollowingbeststatesthemainideaofthepassage?(5)Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestexpressesthemainidea/themeofthepassage?(6.)Thesubjectdiscussedinthistextis____.(7.)Thegeneral/mainideaofthepassageisabout________.(8.)What’sthepurposeofthepassage?(9.)Inthispassagethewritertriestotellusthat________.2事实细节题：用who，what，which，why，how，when，where等来提问(1)Whichofthefollowingisright?(2)WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtotheinformationinthepassage?(3)Whichofthefollowingstatementsiscorrectaccordingtothepassage?

(4)WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueinthepassage?

(5)Whichofthefollowingisnotmentioned?(6)Whichofthefollowingismentionedinthepassage?(7)Thewritermentionsalloftheitemslistedbelowexcept________.(8)Whatistheexampleof...asdescribedinthepassage?(9)Choosetherightorderofthispassage3推理判断题:包括推断隐含意思、推断目标读者、推断写法意图等(1)Wecanguessthewriterofthelettermaybea________.(2)Wecaninferfromthetextthat________.(3)Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat___.(4)Fromtheletterswe’velearnedthatit’svery______toknowsomethingaboutAmericansocialcustoms.(5)Fromthestorywecanguess________.

(6)Fromthetextweknowthat________.

(7)Whatwouldhappenif...?

(8)Thestory/passageimpliesthat________.

(9)Theparagraphfollowingthepassage

willmostprobablybe________.

(10)Thewriter’sattitudetoward...is_____.4.词义猜测：（猜测单词、短语、句子的意思和判断指代内容）。(1)Theword“ABC”inthepassageprobablymeans______.(2)Theunderlinedword“…”inthepassagerefersto/means________.(3)Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedwordinthesecondparagraph?

(4)Theunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphmeans________.

(5)Theword“it(them)”inthefirstparagraphrefersto________.(6)Whichofthefollowingisnearest/closestinmeaningto“...”？（7）Theunderlinedword“hair-raising”probablymean?A.excitingB.safeC.disappointingD.tiring词义猜测（8）Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheword“interchange”inthelastparagraph?AadaptBinventCexchangeDtell5.篇章结构题：文章结构的组织；对后文内容的预测；对文章写作手法、修辞手段的鉴赏能力

。(1)Howisthepassageorganized?(2)Whichofthefollowingbestshowsthe

structure/organizationofthepassage?(3)Theauthordevelopsthepassagemainlyby________.篇章结构(4)Thefirstparagraphservesasa(n)________.(5)Theexampleof…isgiventoshow/illustratethat________.篇章结构（2008重庆卷，C篇）67.Theauthordevelopsthepassagemainlyby________.

A.providingtypicalexamples

B.followingthenaturaltimeorder

C.comparingopinionsfromdifferentfields

D.presentingacauseandanalyzingitseffects

【解析】D。通读全文可知，作者是采用展示原因和分析结果的方法进行的写作。

2017年全国卷高考英语试卷中的阅读理解

1、文体统计

ABCD全国I应用文记叙文说明文说明文全国II应用文记叙文说明文说明文全国III应用文记叙文说明文说明文从以上表格可以看出，2017年全国三套卷，考查文体基本一致。其中全国I卷D篇、全国II卷C篇和全国III卷D篇均为科普说明文。2017全国卷英语试卷中的阅读理解

2、考点分布

细节理解推理判断词义猜测主旨大意态度观点全国I63213全国II65221全国III65121考点和设题2017年高考英语考试说明增加了“阅读文章需要具备一定的语篇知识”以及要求考生“必须把握全篇的基本结构，理清上下文的衔接关系”。可见，对学生的语篇结构知识提出了新的要求，因此就更应该引起我们对语篇知识的重视。考纲！考纲！！Usetheskillofdoingreadingcomprehensiontofinishtheexercise.Application说明文被说明对象说明方法（实验法）实验结果实验过程一实验过程二Can

exerciseduringchildhoodprotectyouagainstmemorylossmanydecadeslater?Exerciseearlyinlifeseemstohavelifelongbenefitsforthebrain,inratsatleast.“Thisisananimalstudy,butitshowsthatphysicalactivityatayoungageisveryimportant—notjustforphysicaldevelopment,butforthewholelifelongtrackofcognitive（认知的）developmentduringageing,”says

MartinWojtowiczoftheUniversityofToronto,Canada.“Inhumans,it

maydelaytheappearanceofAlzheimer’ssymptoms（阿兹海默氏症）,possiblytothepointofpreventingthem.”被说明对象Wojtowicz’steamdivided80youngmaleratsintotwoequalgroups,andplacedrunningwheelsinthecagesofonegroupforaperiodofsixweeks.Aroundfourmonthslater–whentheratshadreachedmiddleage—theteamtaughtalltheratstoconnectanelectricshockwithbeinginaspecificbox.Whenplacedinthebox,theyfrozewithfear.Twoweekslater,theteamtestedtheratsinthreesituations:exactlythesameboxinthesameroom,thesameboxwiththeroomarrangeddifferently,andacompletelydifferentboxinadifferentroom.过程一1过程一2过程一3过程一4过程二1Theratswithoutaccesstoarunningwheelwhentheywereyoungnowfrozethesamepercentageoftimesineachofthesesituations,suggestingtheycouldn’trememberwhichonewasdangerous.But

thosethathadbeenabletorunintheiryouthfroze40to50percentlessinbothchangedboxsettings.“Theresultssuggesttheamountofphysicalactivitywhenwe’reyoung,atleastforrats,hasinfluenceonbrainandcognitivehealth—intheformofbettermemories—whenwe’reolder,”says

ArthurKramer

ofNortheasternUniversityinBoston,whohasfoundthat,inhumans,exercisepromotesthegrowthofnewbraincells.过程二2过程二3实验结果说明文被说明对象Exerciseearlyinlifeseemstohavelifelongbenefitsforthebrain,inratsatleast.说明方法（实验法）实验结果实验过程一实验过程二1.Theteamdivided80youngmaleratsintotwoequalgroups2.Theteamplacedrunningwheelsinthecagesofonegroupforaperiodofsixweeks3.Theteamtaughtalltheratstoconnectanelectricshockwithbeinginaspecificbox.4.Whenplacedinthebox,theyfrozewithfear.1.Theteamtestedtheratsinthreesituations2.Theratswithoutaccesstoarunningwheelwhentheywereyoungnowfrozethesamepercentageoftimesineachofthesesituations3.Thosethathadbeenabletorunintheiryouthfroze40to50percentlessinbothchangedboxsettings.Theresultssuggesttheamountofphysicalactivity…..hasinfluenceonbrainandcognitive……1.Thestudyshowsthat____________.A.physicalactivityisimportantforphysicalhealth

B.usingtherunningwheelsisofbenefittotherats’growth

C.physicalactivitycanpreventhuman’sAlzheimer’ssymptoms

D.themoreexercisearathaswhenyoung,thebettermemoryitwillpossesswhenolder(太泛）（偏题）（不符）2.HowareParagraph3and4mainlydeveloped?A.Byanalyzingcauses.B.Bygivinganexample.C.Bydescribingtheprocess.D.Byshowingdifferences.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph2referto?A.Exercise.B.Development. C.Benefit.D.Study.4.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardstheanimalstudy?A.Negative. B.Objective.C.Critical. D.Doubtful.Consolidation(2017全国卷ⅠC篇

)Someoftheworld'smostfamousmusiciansrecentlygatheredinParisandNewOrleanstocelebratethefirstannualInternationalJazzDay.UNESCO(UnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganization)recently

setApril30asadaytoraiseawarenessofjazzmusic,itssignificance,anditspotentialasaunifying(联合)voiceacrosscultures.Despitethecelebrations,though,intheUSthejazzaudiencecontinuestoshrinkandgrowolder,andthemusichasfailedtoconnectwithyoungergenerations.It'sJasonMoran'sjobtohelpchangethat.AstheKennedyCentre'sartisticadviserforjazz,Moranhopestowidentheaudienceforjazz,makethemusicmoreaccessible,andpreserveitshistoryandculture.被说明对象原因叙述1重要衔接句“Jazzseemslikeit'snotreallyapartoftheAmericanappetite，”MorantellsNationalPublicRadio'sreporterNealConan.“WhatI'mhopingtoaccomplishisthatmygenerationandyoungerstarttoreconsiderandunderstandthatjazzisnotblackandwhiteanymore.It'sactuallycolour,andit'sactuallydigital.”Moransaysoneoftheproblemswithjazztodayisthattheentertainmentaspectofthemusichasbeenlost.“Themusiccan'tbepresentedtodaythewayitwasin1908or1958.Ithastocontinuetomove,becausethewaytheworldworksisnotthesame，”saysMoran.叙述3叙述2Lastyear,MoranworkedonaprojectthatarrangedFatsWaller'smusicforadanceparty,“justtokindofputitbackinthemindthatWallerisdancemusicasmuchasitisconcertmusic，”saysMoran.“Forme,it'stherecontextualization.Inmusic,wheredoestheemotion(情感)lie?Arewe,ashumans,gaininganyinsight(感悟)onhowtotalkaboutourselvesandhowsomethingasabstractasaCharlieParkerrecordgetsusintoadialogueaboutouremotionsandourthoughts?Sometimeswelosesightthatthemusichasawidercontext，”saysMoran,“soIwanttocontinuethosedialogues.ThosearethethingsIwanttofoster.”叙述4结果说明文被说明对象MusicianssetApril30asadaytoraiseawarenessofjazzanditssignificance说明方法（叙述）结果叙述过程1.JasonMorantriestomakejazzmoreaccessibleandpreserveitshistoryandculture.2.Hehopestomaketheyoungerstarttoreconsiderandunderstandthatjazzisnotblackandwhiteanymore.3.Hesays

theentertainmentaspectofthemusichasbeenlostbecausethewaytheworldworksisnotthesame.4.Hesays

sometimeswelosesightofthatthemusichasawidercontextandMoranwanttocontinuethosediagues.Exploringthefutureofjazz

原因

jazzisbecominglesspopularamongyoungsters

1（31）．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．ExploringthefutureofjazzB．TheriseandfallofjazzC．ThestoryofajazzmusicianD．CelebratingtheJazzDay(太泛）（偏题）（不符）2．（28）WhydidUNESCOsetApril30asInternationalJazzDay?A．Torememberthebirthofjazz.B．Toprotectculturaldiversity.C．Toencouragepeopletostudymusic.D．Torecognizethevalueofjazz.3．（29）Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inParagraph3referto?A．Jazzbecomingmoreaccessible.B．Theproductionofjazzgrowingfaster.C．Jazzbeinglesspopularwiththeyoung.D．Thejazzaudiencebecominglarger.4．（30）WhatcanweinferaboutMoran'sopiniononjazz?A．Itwilldisappeargradually.B．Itremainsblackandwhite.C．Itshouldkeepupwiththetimes.D．Itchangesevery50years.说明文原因

被说明对象

MusicianssetApril30asadaytoraiseawarenessofjazzmusicanditssignificance.Jazzisbecominglesspopularamongyoungsters

JasonMorantriestomakeJazzmoreaccessible,andpreserveitshistoryandcultureHehopes