职称英语卫生类a级模拟24

职称英语卫生类A级模拟24

第1部分：词汇选项

下面每个句子均有1个词或短语，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

Sheexhibitedgreatpowersofenduranceduringtheclimb.

A.playB.sendC,showD.tell

2、Theeternalmotionofthestarsfascinatedhim.

A.longB.never-endingC.boringD.extensive

3、Shecouldnotanswer,itwasanimmenseloadoffherheart.

A.naturalB•fatalC.tinyD.enormous

4、Thebookmadeagreatimpactonitsreaders.

A.forceB.influenceC.surpriseD.power

5、Accompaniedbycheerfulmusiczwebegantodance.

A.pleasantB.colorfulC.fashionableD.different

6、Hewasnoteligiblefortheexaminationbecausehewasoverage.

A.competitiveB.diligentC.qualifiedD.competent

7、HernoveldepictsanambitiousChinese.

A.writesB.sketchesC.describesD.indicates

8、Don11iiritateher.she*sonashortfusetoday.

A.teaseB.attractC・annoyD.protect

9、Itisabsurdtogooutinsuchterribleweather.

A.ridiculousB.funnyC.oddD.interesting

10>Inotifiedhimthatmyaddresshadchanged.

A.informedB.observedC•mockedD.misled

11>Themanagerallocatedutiestotheclerks.

A.assignB.persuadeC.askD.order

12、TheoncebaiTenhillsidesarenowgoodfarmland.

A.hairlessB.bareC,emptyD.bald

13、Itispostulatedthatacureforthediseasewillhavebeenfoundbythe

year2000.

A.challengedB.assumedC.deductedD.decreed

14、Wemustabidebytherules.

A.sticktoB.persistinC.safeguardD.apply

15>Frommystandpoint,youknow,thisthingisjustfunny.

A.positionB.pointofviewC.knowledgeD.opinion

第2部分：阅读判断

下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该句提

供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息

文中没有提及，请选择C。

TheColdPlaces

TheArcticisapolarregion.ItsurroundstheNorthPole.

LikeAntarctica,theArcticisalandoficeandsnow.Antarcticaholds

therecordforalowtemperaturereading125Fahrenheitbelowzero.Readings

of85degreesbelowzeroarecommoninboththeArcticandAntarctica.Winter

temperaturesaverage30degreesbelowzerointheArctic.AttheSouthPole

thewinterisabout73degreesbelowzero.

OnethingalonemakesitalmostimpossibleformentoliveinAntarctica

andinpartsoftheArctic.Thisonethingisthelowtemperaturethekilling

chillofthefarNorthandthepolarSouth.

Tosurvivezmenmustwearthewarmestpossibleclothing.Theymustbuild

windproofshelters.Theymustkeepheatersgoingatalltimes.Notevenfor

momentcantheybeunprotectedagainstthebelow-zerotemperature.

Menhaveawayofprovidingforthemselves.Polarexplorerswrapthemselves

inwarmcoatsandfurs.Thecoldmakeslifedifficult.Buttheexplorerscan

stayalive.

Whataboutanimals?Cantheysurvive*?Dowefindplants?Dowefindlife

intheArcticandtheAntarctica?Yes,wedo.Thereislifeintheoceans.

Thereislifeonland.

Antarctica,aswehaveseen,isacoldplaceindeed.Butthishasnotalways

beenthecase.ExpeditionscientistshavediscoveredthatAntarcticamayhave

beenmuchlikeourown.

ExploreshavediscoveredcoalinAntarctica.Thisleadsthemtobelieve

thatAntarcticaatonetimewasalandofswampsandforests.Heatandmoisture

musthavekeptthetreesintheforestsalive.

16、AsdiscoveredbyexpeditionscientistszAntarcticahasnotalwaysbeen

socoldasitistoday,sohastheArctic.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

17>Wintertemperaturesaverage85degreesbelowzeroinAntarctica.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

18、TheArcticandAntarcticaarenoman1slandsbecauseoftheirnotorious

coldness.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

19>Polarexplorerscanstayalivewithoutheatersandwindproofshelters.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

20、Despitethehostileenvironment,bothanimalsandplantscanbefound

intheoceansandonlandinpolarareas.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

21>ThelowesttemperaturethatmanhaseverknownwasrecordedinAntarctica.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

22、Atonetime,theweatherinAntarcticawassowarmanddampthattrees

grewthere.

A.RightB.WrongC,Notmentioned

第3部分：概括大意与完成句子

下面的短文后有两项测试任务：（1）第23〜26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2〜5段

每段选择1个最佳标题；（2）第27〜30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳

选项。

MoreThan8HoursSleepTooMuchofaGoodThing

Althoughthedangersoftoolittlesleeparewidelyknown,newresearchsuggests

thatpeoplewhosleeptoomuchmayalsosuffertheconsequences.

InvestigatorsattheUniversityofCaliforniainSanDiegofoundthatpeoplewho

clockup9or10hourseachweeknightappeartohavemoretroublefallingandstaying

asleep,aswellasanumberofothersleepproblems,thanpeoplewhosleep8hoursa

night.Peoplewhosleptonly7hourseachnightalsosaidtheyhadmoretroublefalling

asleepandfeelingrefreshedafteranight'ssleepthan8-hoursleepers.

Thesefindings,whichDLDanielKripkereportedinthejournalPsychosomatic

Medicine,demonstratethatpeoplewhowanttogetagoodnight'srestmaynotneedto

setasidemorethan8hoursanight.Headdedthat"itmightbeagoodidea'*forpeople

whosleepmorethan8hourseachnighttoconsiderreducingtheamountoftimethey

spendinbed,butcautionedthatmoreresearchisneededtoconfirmthis.

Previousstudieshaveshownthepotentialdangersofchronicshortagesofsleepfor

instance,onereportdemonstratedthatpeoplewhohabituallysleeplessthan7hours

eachnighthaveahigherriskofdyingwithinafixedperiodthanpeoplewhosleep

more.

Forthecurrentreport,Kripkereviewedtheresponsesof1,004adultstosleep

questionnaires,inwhichparticipantsindicatedhowmuchtheysleptduringtheweek

andwhethertheyexperiencedanysleepproblems.Sleepproblemsincludedwakingin

themiddleofthenight,arisingearlyinthemorningandbeingunabletofallbackto

sleep,andhavingfatigueinterferewithday-to-dayfunctioning.

Kripkefoundthatpeoplewhosleptbetween9and10hourseachnightweremore

likelytoreportexperiencingeachsleepproblemthanpeoplewhoslept8hours.Inan

interview,Kripkenotedthatlongsleepersmaystruggletogetrestatnightsimply

becausetheyspendtoomuchtimeinbed.Asevidence,headdedthatonewaytohelp

insomniaistospendlesstimeinbed."Itstandstoreasonthatifapersonspendstoo

longatimeinbed,thenthey'llspendahigherpercentageoftimeawake."hesaid.

A.Kripke'sresearchtool

B.Dangersofhabitualshortagesofsleep

C.CriticismonKripke'sreport

D.Awayofovercominginsomnia

E.Sleepproblemsoflongandshortsleepers

F.Classificationofsleepproblems

23、Paragraph2

24、Paragraph4

25、Paragraph5

26、Paragraph6

A.fallasleepagain.

B.becomemoreenergeticthefollowingday

C.sleeplessthan7hours

D.confirmthoseseriousconsequences

E.suffersleepproblems

F.sleepmorethan8hours

27、Togetagoodnight'srest,peoplemaynotneedto.

28>Longsleepersarereportedtobemorelikelyto.

29、Oneofthesleepproblemsiswakinginthemiddleofthenight,unable

to.

30、Onesurveyshowedthatpeoplewhohabituallyeachnighthavea

higherriskofdying.

第4部分：阅读理解

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。每道题后面有4个选项，请仔细阅读短文并

根据短文内容回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。

弟扁

ProblemsofAnxiety

Trainingasmental-healthprofessionalsissupposedtobe"colorblind".

Thatsoundsfinebutinpracticeitmeansthatpeoplefromblackandethnic

groupsgetanunfairtreatmentbecausetheirparticularproblemsareseldom

acknowledged.

SoaprojectwaspilotedinvolvingBangladeshiwomenininner-cityLondon,

mostofwhommigratedtotheU.K.inthe1960sand1970sfromaruralbackground.

Manyofthesewomenturnedtotheirdoctorswithcommonsymptomsofanxiety,

suchasheadacheszsleepingdifficulties,lossofappetiteandlackofenergy.

TheywereusuallyprescribedtranquillizersorevenVitaminC.Sincethe

underlyingcausesremained,thewomenvisitedtheirdoctorswithincreasing

frequencyandsomewerereferredontomental-healthprofessionals.

ThepsychologistswantedtoseehownormalWesternapproachestoanxiety

problemsmightworkwhenappliedacrosscultures.However,theyfoundthat

manythingsinthestandardapproachhadtobechanged.Theyhadtotranslate

manyoftheusualexamplestheywouldnormallycomparelearningtorelaxwith

learningtodrivezforinstance,whichwouldnothavebeenculturally

appropriate.Atfirsttheyaskedthewomentorate,onascaleonetoten,

theeffectofrelaxationontheirlevelofanxiety.Theyfoundnumbersan

oddwayofexpressinghowtheywerefeeling.Sopsychologistsshiftedtheir

focustowordsandtalkedoffivestagesformnverygood"to"verybad**.

Asitwasapilotproject,therewereshortcomings.Psychologistslooked

fortoolittleback-upanddidnotcollectasmuchobjectivedataasthey

mighthavedonewithawhitegroup.Theyfellintothewhitestereotypeof

assumingthatBangladeshiwomenwouldfindtheuseofvariouschecklistsand

writtenrecordsforeign.Perhapsracismhasconditionedtheprofessionals

toagreaterextentthantheyexpected.PsychologistsfoundthatusingaWestern

modelacrosscultureshaspotential.Butitneedspolitical,financialand

personalcommitment.

31、WhatismeantinPara.1by"colorblind"?

A.Notlikingpeoplefromethnicgroups.

B.Givingspecialtreatmenttoethnicgroups.

C.Unabletodistinguishcertaincolors.

D.Nottreatingethnicgroupsdifferently.

32、TheBangladeshiwomencontinuedtovisittheirdoctorsbecause.

A.theywerelonelyandisolated

B.thereasonsfortheirproblemswerestillthere

C.theywereprescribeddrugs

D.theywerereferredtomentalhealthprofessionals

33、Thestandardapproachtotreatinganxietyhadtobechangedbecause.

A.theculturalbackgroundofthewomenwasverydifferentfromthestandard

one

B.theBangladeshiswereexposedtoracistharassmentandlanguage

difficulties

C.theBangladeshiwomenaskedthemtochangeit

D.thewomencouldnotrelax

34、Whathasledtothefailureofthemental-healthprofessionals*collecting

sufficientdata?

A.Theyfallintostereotypesresultedfromtheinfluenceofracism.

B.Theyhavelanguageproblemswhilecommunicatingwiththewomen.

C.Theywanttoprotectthewomenfromracism.

D.Bangladeshiwomendonotwanttotellthepsychologiststheirfeelings.

35、Whichofthefollowingstatementcanbestsummarizethemainideaofthe

passage?

A.BangladeshiwomenlivinginBritainsufferfromdifferentlevelsof

anxiety.

B.Westernmodelsprovetobeunsuccessfulintreatingpsychological

problemsofethnicgroups.

C.Mentalproblemsofethnicgroupshavenotgotduerecognition.

D.Peoplerelatebettertopeopleofsimilarbackgrounds.

弟一^扁

Tatoo

Jack'sfriendTonyhadrecentlygottenatatoo（文身）andJackwassoimpressed

byTony1sbraveryandhistatoothathedecidedtogetone,too.Whydoa

lotofyoungpeopleinNorthAmericagettatoostoday?Peerpressure,media

influence,andpersonalexpressionaresomeofthecommonreasons.

Thedesiretobepartofagroup,tobeacceptedbyone*sfriendsorpeers,

canhaveagreatinfluenceonwhatapersondoes.Sometimes,wearingatatoo

canbeasignthatyoubelongtoacertaingroup.Gangsoftenusespecial

clothesandtatoostoidentifytheirparticulargroup.Forexample,inone

gangallthemembersmayweargreenarmyjacketsandhavelargenXsntatooed

ontheirarms.Itisnotonlygangsthathavethistypeofspecial"uniform".

Youngpeopleoftenbelongtoacertaingroupoffriends.Someofthesegroups

wearonlybrand-nameclothes.Othersweartatoos.Whenaperson1sfriends

arealldoingsomething,suchasgettingatatoo,thatpersonismorelikely

todothesamething,andgetatatootoo.

ThemediaisanotherbiginfluencebehindthepopularityoftatoosinNorth

America.Awidevarietyofmediaimagesshowtatoos.Tatooscanbeseenon

peopleappearingincommercialssellingexpensivecars.Famoussportsheroes

withtatoosareshowninmagazines.Fashionmodelsareoftenseeninmagazines

andonTVwearingdesignerclothesthatshowtheirbodiestatooedwithdetailed

andcolorfulpatterns.Thesemediaimageslinktatoostoideasofwealth,

successzandstatus.Asaresultzmanypeopledecidetogetatatooforits

fashionandstatusvalue.

Itisnotalwaystheinfluenceofotherpeopleorthemediathatresults

inapersongettingatatoo.Manypeopledecidetoweartatoosinorderto

expresstheirartisticnature,theirbeliefszortheirfeelingsinother

words,toshowtheirindividuality.Amusicianinarockbandmaygetatatoo

ofaguitaronthearm.Someenvironmenta1istsmaytatoopicturesofendangered

animalsontheirshoulders.Loversmaytatooeachothers1namesovertheir

hearts.Atatoocanbeapublicsigntoshowwhatisimportantinaperson*s

life.

36、Jackgotatatoobecauseof.

A.adesiretoexpresshimselfB.theinfluenceofthemedia

C.theinfluenceoffriendsD.adesiretobefashionable

37、Gangmemberswearthetatooof"Xs11toshowtheir.

A.individualityB.senseofbelonging

C.senseofhonorD.power

38、Whichofthefollowinggroupsofpeopleareseenwearingtatoosinthe

media?

A.SportsStars.B.Carsellers.

C.Fashiondesigners.D.Moviestars.

39、Whichofthefollowingtatoosshowsone1sbelief?

A.Apictureofendangeredspecies.B.Alover1sname.

C.Amusicalinstrument.D.Abrandname.

40、Thebesttitleforthispassageis.

A.TatoosTellWhoYouAreB.Tatoos*NewTrend

C.ThePopularityofTatoosD.WhyPeopleGetTatoos

第-二-答

TheBodyClock

WhyisitthatflyingtoNewYorkfromLondonwillleaveyoufeelingless

tiredthanflyingtoLondonfromNewYork?Theanswermaybeaclearcase

ofbiologynotbeingabletokeepupwithtechnology.

Deepinsidethebrainthereisa"clock”thatgovernseveryaspectofthe

body*sfunctioning：sleepandwakecycles,levelsofalertnesszperformance,

mood,hormonelevels,digestion,bodytemperatureandsoon.Itregulates

allofthesefunctionsona24-hourbasisandiscalledthebiologicalclock.

Thebodyclockprogramsustobesleepytwiceaday,between3-5amand

againbetween3-5pm.Afternoonteaandnapareallculturalresponsesto

ournaturalbiologicalsleepinessintheafternoon.

Oneofthemajorcausesofthetravelers1maladyknownasjetlagisthe

non-a1ignmentofaperson1sinternalbodyclockwithclocksintheexternal

world.Crossingdifferenttimezonesconfusesthebiologicalclock,which

thenhastoadjusttothenewtimeandpatternsoflightandactivity.To

makemattersmorecomplex,notallinternalbodyfunctionsadjustatthesame

rate.Soyoursleep/wakemayadjusttoanewtimezoneatonerate,while

yourtemperatureadjustsatadifferentpace.Yourdigestionmaybeonadifferent

schedulealtogether.

Thoughweliveina24-hourday,thenaturaltendencyofthebodyclock

istoextendourdaybeyond24hours.Itiscontrarytoourbiologicalprogramming

to"shrink"ourday.

Thatiswhytravelinginawestwarddirectionismorebody-clockfriendly

thanflyingeast.NASAstudiesoflonghaulpilotsshowedthatwestwardtravel

wasassociatedwithsignificantlybettersleepquantityandqualitythan

eastwardflights.

Whenflyingwest,youareextendingyourday,thustravelinginthenatural

directionofyourinternalclock.Flyingeastwardwillinvolve11shrinkingn

orreducingyourdayandisindirectoppositiontoyourinternalclock1s

naturaltendency.

Oneofthemorecommoncomplaintsoftravelersisthattheirsleepbecomes

disrupted.Therearemanyreasonsforthis：changingtimezonesandschedules,

changinglightandactivitylevels,tryingtosleepwhenyourbodyclockis

programmedtobeawake,disruptionoftheinternalbiologicalclockandworking

longerhours.

Itisoftensuggestedthatyouadjustyourwatchassoonasyouboarda

plane,supposedlytotrytohelpyouadjusttoyourdestination*sschedule

assoonasyouarrive.Butitcantakethebodyclockseveraldaystoseveral

weekstofullyadjusttoanewtimezone.So,ourbodyclocktrulycan"govern"

us.

41、Theroleofthebodyclockisto.

A.enableustosleep6hoursaday

B.helpusadapttoa24-hourcycle

C.regulatethebody*sfunctions

D.interferewiththebody*sfunctions

42、Theword"malady"inParagraph4isclosestinmeaningto.

A.conditionB.discomfortC.injuryD.

excitement

43、Flyinginawestwarddirectionwill.

A.helpyousleepbetterB.increasethedegreeofjet

lag

C.shrinkyourdayD.makeyouovereat

44、WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasareasonforthedisrupted

sleepoftravelers?

A.Crossingdifferenttimezones.

B.Changinglightandactivitylevels.

C.Workinglongerhours.

D.Watchingoutoftheplaneforalongtime.

45、Itcanbeseenfromthelasttwoparagraphsthat.

A.youcancontrolyourownbodyclock

B.itisnotdifficulttoadjusttoanewtimezone

C.adjustingyourwatchcanhelpyouavoidjetlag

D.thereisn*tmuchyoucandotoavoidjetlag

第5部分：补全对话

阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择

5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。

Mergers

Themostcommonkindofconsolidationtodayisthemerger.Amerger

occurs46.

Withthederegulationofnaturalgas,thenation*s20interstatepipeline

companiesbecamefearfulofcutthroatcompetition.Somefeltthattheycould

increasetheirefficiencyandimprovetheirmarketflexibilitybymerging.

In1985InternorthofOmahapaid$2.3billionforHoustonNaturalGas

Corporation,47.Thesystemconnectedmarketsfromcoasttocoastandraised

salesto$10billion.

Onoccasion,mergershaveoccurredbetweensmallercompaniesinanindustry

dominatedbyafewgiantfirms.Thesesmallercompaniesclaimthattheyneed

tomergetobecomemoreefficientandeffectiveincompetingagainstthebiggest

corporations.Theymaintainthatsuchactionincreasescompetitioninstead

ofreducingit.TheAntitrustDivisionoftheJusticeDepartmenthasnotalways

agreedwiththem.

Fourmajorwavesofmergershavetakenplaceinthiscountry.Thefirst

startedin1887zjustpriortothepassageoftheShermanAntitrustAct,and

endedin1904.ItinvolvedsuchgiantsasUnitedStatesSteelandStandard

Oiltryingtocreatemonopoliesintheirindustries.FromtheendofWorld

WarIuntilthe1930s,largefirmsswallowedsmallerfirmstocreateoligopolies.

Themonopolyhadnochanceandtheoligopolylittlechanceofsucceedingtoday

underpresentantitrustpolicy.

Thethirdmajormergermovementbeganinthe1960s,reachedapeakin

工969,48.Manyoftheacquisitionsinvolvedgiantfirmsinoneindustry

buyinguplargecompaniesintotallyunrelatedindustries.Suchmergersare

calledconglomeratemergers.AclassicexampleisMobilOilCorporation1s

purchaseofthehugeretailchainMontgomeryWard&Company.

Mergersinthelasttenyearswereinthethousands.Moreimportantis

thevalueofthetransactionszwhichhasrisensharply.Thenumberofmergers

andacquisitionsapply49.Thepetroleumindustryhadmergersand

acquisitionsvaluedatclosedto$80billionbetween1981and1984.Other

industries50werebankingandfinance,insuranc