新教材适用2023-2024学年高中英语Unit1ArtSectionⅢUsingLanguage学案新人教版选择性必修第三册

SectionⅢUsingLanguage课文预读Ⅰ.快读文章，把握大意1．Part1(Para.1) A．Abriefsummaryoftheexhibition.2．Part2(Paras.2～4) B．Mattersneedingattentionabouttheexhibition.3．Part3(Para.5) C．Anintroductiontotheexhibition.4．Part4(Paras.6～9) D．Highlightsoftheexhibition.答案：1.C2.D3.A4.BⅡ.精读文章，品读细节1．WhatcanweknowaboutTangYinfromthepassage？AA．Hemadegreatachievementsinpainting.B．Hehadasmoothexperienceinpolitics.C．ClearingAfterSnowonaMountainPassishisgreatestwork.D．ClearingAfterSnowonaMountainPassisspeciallymadetolookfresh.2．Whatcanbelearnedfromthepassage？BA．ThebronzeobjectsfromtheShangDynastyaremasterpiecesofwell-knownartists.B．EmperorQianlongwaslikelytocollectbronzeobjectsfromtheShangDynasty.C．ChinesesculpturesshowednosignofbeinginfluencedbyBuddhistart.D．TangDynastysculpturesareallofBuddhistorigin.3．Whatcanbeinferredabouttheexhibitionfromthepassage？DA．Theexhibitionwillrununtiltheendoftheyear.B．Besuretoenterthemuseumbefore5∶00p.m.C．Admissionfeeishalfforstudents.D．Eatingisforbiddeninthemuseum.4．TheexhibitioncanbedescribedasD.A．plain B．efficientC．complicated D．thrilling5．Whattypeofwritingisthistext？BA．Apieceofamazingnews.B．Avividadvertisement.C．Adetailedintroduction.D．Aformalreport.Ⅲ.重读文章，激发潜能TheRichfieldMuseumofFineArtisproudtopresentanexhibitionwithaseriesofartitems,1.whosegoalistodisplaytheChinese2.artistic(art)geniusfromtheShangDynastytotheQingDynasty.ThehighlightofthisexhibitionisthepaintingClearingAfterSnowonaMountainPass,apieceofworkofthefamousartist3.named(name)TangYin,whofailedtogainentryintothecivilservicebutgained4.recognition(recognize)asanextraordinaryartist.Apartfromthis,thereisalso5.acollectionofnearly100bronzeobjectsfromtheShangDynasty，6.showing(show)usgreatskillincreatingthesebeautifulobjects.7.Finally(final)，manyfineexamplesofTangDynastysculpturesarealsoondisplaythere,andmostofthemareofBuddhistorigin.Duringthatperiod,tradealongtheSilkRoadboomedandChinesesculpture8.wasinfluenced(influence)byBuddhistartbroughtfromIndiaandCentralAsia.Thisisjustasmalltasteofwhatisinstorefor9.tourists(tourist)andtheyguaranteethatthisexhibitionwilltransporttouriststoawonderfulworldandhistorymaybebrought10.tolifeinaspecialway.解析：1．考查定语从句。分析可知，设空处引导定语从句且在从句中作定语。故填whose。2．考查形容词。此处指艺术天才，修饰名词genius(天才)，需用形容词artistic。故填artistic。3．考查非谓语动词。此处指名字叫作唐寅的著名画家，thefamousartist与name之间为逻辑上的被动关系，需用过去分词named作定语。故填named。4．考查名词。此处表示得到认可，gained为动词，后接名词作宾语。故填recognition。5．考查冠词。acollectionof...意为“一批……”。故填a。6．考查非谓语动词。前面是therebe句型，设空处应用非谓语动词，show与其逻辑主语100bronzeobjects之间为主动关系，所以设空处需用现在分词showing作状语。故填showing。7．考查副词。设空处作状语。故用副词Finally。故填Finally。8．考查动词的时态、语态及主谓一致。句意：在那期间，丝绸之路沿线的贸易蓬勃发展，中国雕塑受到了从印度和中亚带来的佛教艺术的影响。分析可知，空处需用被动语态，结合时间状语及语境可知用一般过去时，主语中心词为sculpture，是不可数名词。故填wasinfluenced。9．考查名词复数。tourist为可数名词，且设空处前无冠词等限定词，所以需要用复数形式tourists。故填tourists。10．考查介词。根据短语bring...tolife可知应用介词to。故填to。阅读技巧点拨段尾锁定主题句1.有些文章会在开头列举事实，然后通过论证阐述作者的核心论点。2.充分利用引出结论的信号词。如so,therefore,thus,consequently,inconclusion,inshort,inaword,tosumup等来确定主题句的位置在段尾。Ⅰ.词形转换1．representvt.代表；表现；描绘→representativeadj.典型的；有代表性的n.代表2．exhibitv．展览；展出→exhibitionn．展览；(技能、感情或行为的)表演3．artn．(包括雕塑、绘画、音乐等的)艺术，美术→artistn．艺术家→artisticadj.艺术的；艺术家的4．enterv．进入；参加→entryn．加入；进入；参与5．recognizevt.认出，识别；承认→recognitionn．承认；认出；赞誉6．expandv．扩张；使膨胀；发展→expansionn．扩张；扩展；扩大7．worthyadj.值得……的；有价值的→worthadj.值……的n.价值；财产→worthwhileadj.值得做的Ⅱ.高频短语1．regard...as...把……认作……2．o...把……分成……3．take...forexample以……为例4．bring...tolife赋予……生命；使……鲜活起来5．allinall总而言之6．intime及时7．inshort总之；简言之8．beworthyof值得重点单词1．representativeadj.典型的；有代表性的n．代表；代理人D典型例句Isthequestionnairetrulyrepresentativeofthepopulationasawhole?这项调查能真正代表所有民众吗？Thelatestincidentisrepresentativeofalargertrend.最近的事件代表了一个更大的趋势。Heisanelectedrepresentativeofthepeople.他是人民选出的代表。S思维拓展(1)arepresentativefor...……的代理人berepresentativeof...代表……(2)representvt.代表；描绘representsth.tosb.把……描述给……J即学即练单句语法填空①“Thisindicatesthatthereisacertainwayquantityisrepresented(represent)intheirbrains，”Dr.Livingstonesays.②Itisanhonourforhimtorepresent(represent)hisfellowworkerstospeakatthemeeting.③Thepaintingisnotrepresentativeofhisworkoftheperiod.④Thestudywascarriedoutinonesmallschool，soitisuncertainwhethertheresultistrulyrepresentative(represent)．2．declinen．(数量、价格、质量等的)减少；下降；衰落vi.&vt.减少；下降；衰落；谢绝D典型例句(2022·浙江卷)Whentheanswerwasno,shedeclinedtheinvitation.当回答是否定的时候，她拒绝了邀请。Thereisasharpdeclineininterestinsportsinourclass.我们班对体育的兴趣急剧下降。Thepricesaredeclining.物价在下降。S思维拓展declinetodosth.婉言拒绝做某事onthedecline在没落中，在衰退中declinein/ofsth.某物的减少、下降fall/gointoadecline开始衰退T图解助记“增加”与“减少”：BecomeMoregoupincreaseriseclimbBecomeLessgodowndecreasefalldropdeclineJ即学即练单句语法填空①Iinvitedhimtothemeetingbuthedeclined(decline)．②Homecookingseemstobeonthedecline.完成句子③Thenumberofrobberiesinthisareaisonthedecline.这个地区的劫案在减少。④Hedeclinedtodiscussmyplan.他拒绝讨论我的计划。3．exhibitionn．展览；(技能、感情或行为的)表演D典型例句Sherefusedtoallowtheexhibitionofherhusband'swork.她拒不允许展出她丈夫的作品。Ofcourse,therewerelotsofotherinterestingthingsattheexhibition.当然，展览上还有很多其他有趣的展品。Weweretreatedtoanexhibitionofthefootballer'sspeedandskill.足球运动员表现出的速度和技能真是让我们大饱眼福。S思维拓展holdanexhibition举办展览会attendexhibition出席展览会visitanexhibition参观展览会onexhibition展出中exhibitv．展览；展出J即学即练单句语法填空①(2022·全国乙卷)Selectedfromcollectionsthroughouttheworld,itisthefirstmajorexhibition(exhibit)ofhisworktobeheldinoverfortyyears.②Thephotographswillbeonexhibitionuntiltheendofthemonth.完成句子③Weattendedtheexhibitionofherdrawings.我们参观了她的图画展。④Theyoungpainterhasnotyetexhibitedhiswork.这位年轻的作家还没有展览过他的作品。4．entryn．加入；进入；参与D典型例句Thechildrenweresurprisedbythesuddenentryoftheirteacher.老师突然进来使孩子们感到意外。Anyentryarrivingaftertheclosingdatewillnotbeconsidered.截止日期之后报名参赛的人将不予考虑。Thepeoplewithoutaticketaredeniedentry.没有票的人不许入内。S思维拓展allowentry允许进入blocktheentry阻塞入口intheentry在入口enterv．进入；参加enterfor使参加；(报名)参加(竞赛、考试等)enterin把……收入，记入；使入学J即学即练完成句子①Howdidthethievesgainentryintothebuilding?窃贼是怎样进入大楼的？②Ishallenterforthesingingcompetition.我将报名参加歌咏比赛。5．recognitionn．承认；认出；赞誉D典型例句Theirrecognitionofthenewlawisunlikely.这项新法律不大可能获得他们的承认。Heglancedbrieflytowardsherbuttherewasnosignofrecognition.他瞥了她一眼，但似乎没认出她来。Atlast,herfather'sworkhasreceivedpopularrecognition.最后，她父亲的工作得到了大众的认可。S思维拓展gain/achieveuniversalrecognition取得普遍认可beyondrecognition完全改了模样，面目全非recognizevt.认出，识别；承认Whenshesawme,sherecognizedmeatonce.她看到我时立即认出了我。J即学即练单句语法填空①(2022·全国甲卷)Intheexperiment,Goffin'scockatooswereabletoselecttherighttoolforthejob,inmostcases,byvisualrecognition(recognize)alone.②(2021·全国乙卷)KomodoNationalPark,officiallyrecognized(recognize)in1980,ispopularforecotourismbecauseofitsuniquebiodiversity.③Thecountrywillberecognizedasanindependentstate.④After25yearsthetowncentrehadchangedbeyondrecognition.6．expansionn．扩张；扩展；扩大D典型例句Butnotallsupporttheexpansionofgeothermalenergy.但并不是所有人都支持地热能源的扩大。Heatcausestheexpansionofgases.热使气体膨胀。Hisbigbookisanexpansionofthelittlebookhewrotebefore.他这本大书是在以前写的一本小册子基础上扩充而成的。S思维拓展expansionofthecurrency通货膨胀expandv．扩张；使膨胀；发展o...把……扩展/发展成……expandinto...发展成/扩大成……Theymanagedtoexpandthelittlefirmintoabigcompany；thatis,thelittlefirmexpandedintoabigcompany.他们把这家小公司发展成了一家大公司；也就是说，这家小公司发展成了一家大公司。Y易混辨析expand,extend,spread,stretchexpand展开，扩大，不仅指尺寸的增加，还可指范围和体积的扩大extend伸出，延伸，指空间范围的扩大，以及长度、宽度的向外延伸，也可指时间的延长spread伸开，传播，一般指向四面八方扩大传播的范围，如传播(疾病)、散布(信息)等stretch伸展，拉长，一般指由曲变直、由短变长的伸展，不是加长Q巧学助记形象记忆expand/extendJ即学即练单句语法填空①Atpresent,thenumberofstudentsisexpanding(expand)rapidly.②Thecompanyhasadoptedeffectivemeasures.Asaresult,itwillseeaperiodofrapideconomicexpansion(expand)thisyear.完成句子③Despitetherecession,thecompanyisconfidentoffurtherexpansion.尽管经济衰退，公司对进一步扩展仍充满信心。④Expandingyourknowledgebyreadingmorebookisawisechoice.读更多的书拓宽知识是一个明智的选择。7．guaranteevt.保证；确保；肯定……必然发生n．保证；保修单；担保物D典型例句Theyguaranteedtheirworkersregularemployment.＝Theyguaranteedregularemploymenttotheirworkers.他们对工人保证会长期雇用他们。Wealthisnotalwaysaguaranteeofhappiness.财富并不总是幸福的保证。T图解助记S思维拓展guaranteetodosth.保证做某事beguaranteedtodosth.肯定会做某事；必定会做某事underguarantee在保修期内aguaranteeof...……的保障/保证guaranteesb.sth.向某人保证某事J即学即练单句语法填空①Thefridgeisguaranteed(guarantee)foroneyear.Itmeansthatthecompanypromisestorepairorreplaceitifitbreakswithinayear.②Thatkindofbehaviourisguaranteedtomake(make)himangry.完成句子③Atrainticketdoesn'tguaranteeyouaseat.一张火车票不保证你有座位。④Yourmobilephonewillberepairedfreeifitisstillunderguarantee.如果你的手机还在保修期内的话，我们会免费修理的。⑤Isthereaguaranteeofworkaftertraining?培训后能保证有工作吗？8.worthyadj.值得……的；有价值的D典型例句Theyregardtheproblemasnotworthyofseriousconsideration.对这一问题他们都认为不屑一顾。ThisisaworthyEnglish-Chinesedictionary.这是一本有价值的英汉词典。Thisbookisworthyofbeingread.这本书值得一读。S思维拓展worthadj.值……的n．价值；财产worthwhileadj.值得做的Y易混辨析worthwhile，worth，worthy易混词辨析例句worthwhile可作表语、定语、补语。值得做某事要用it作形式主语，后接不定式或动名词作真正的主语：It'sworthwhiledoingsth./todosth.Ithinkit'sworthwhilereading/toreadthebook.我认为这本书很值得读。worth一般作表语，后接名词或动名词。“某事值得被做”，用动名词的主动形式表被动意义；表示“很值得做……”，要用副词well修饰；常见结构为beworth＋n.，beworthdoingTheresearchisworththetimeandeffortthatwehavedevotedtoit.这项研究值得我们所投入的时间和努力。worthy意思为“值得(或应得)……的”，表示“某事值得被做”，既可接of＋动名词的被动式，又可接不定式的被动式；常见结构为beworthyof＋n.；beworthyofbeingdone/beworthytobedoneHisbehaviourisworthyofgreatpraise.他的行为应该受到大力表扬。J即学即练选词填空(worth/worthy/worthwhile)①SeeingthehappysmileonTom'sface，Ifeltthatallmyeffortwasworthit.②Isitworthwhiletodriveallthewaytherefortheshow?③Thisisaworthychanceandisworthytobevaluedratherthanignored.④Wanttoexplorenewcultures,meetnewpeopleanddosomethingworthwhileatthesametime?重点短语1．allinall总而言之；总的来说D典型例句AllinallIhaveagoodlife.总而言之，我生活得很好。Hehashisfaults,butallinall,heisagoodhelper.他虽有缺点，但总的说来，他是一个好帮手。S思维拓展aboveall首要的；最重要的allalong始终；一直afterall毕竟；终究allalone独自；独立的allofasudden突然；突如其来allatonce忽然；一下子notatall根本不；一点也不inall总共firstofall首先allthesame尽管如此Youshouldn'tscoldher.Afterall,sheisonlyfiveyearsold.你不应该责怪她，毕竟，她只有5岁。Childrenneedmanythings,butaboveall,theyneedlove.孩子需要许多东西，最重要的是，需要爱。J即学即练用all的相关短语完成句子①Iamgladtojoinyouinthisgame,butfirstofallpleaseallowmetointroducemyselftoyou.②Tobegreat,youmustbesmart，confident,andaboveallhonest.③Thepartyisn'tsogood,butallinallIconsideritasuccess.④Firstimpressionsarethemostlasting.Afterall,younevergetasecondchancetomakeafirstimpression.⑤Hespentverylittletimeatschool，perhapsnomorethanoneyearinall.2．intime来得及；及时；经过一段时间之后；迟早；终于D典型例句(2022·全国乙卷)Withtheirabilitytoseeahead,theycouldsignalanyproblem,sothatfast-movingtrainswouldbeabletoreactintime.由于他们能够看到前方，他们可以发出任何问题的信号，以便快速行驶的列车能够及时做出反应。Willwebeintimeforthesixo'clocktrain?我们来得及赶上六点钟的那趟火车吗？ThistourtransportsyoubackintimetooneofSanFrancisco'smostfantasticperiods,the1950s!这次旅行最后会把你带到旧金山最伟大的时期之一——二十世纪五十年代！S思维拓展(1)forthefirsttime第一次aheadoftime提前allthetime一直；始终atthesametime同时；然而atatime依次；逐一；每次innotime立刻；马上fromtimetotime偶尔；间或atonetime曾经；一度attimes有时；偶尔(2)eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(intimetodosth.,intimeforsth.))及时做某事J即学即练完成句子①Weallwishthathisdreamwouldcometrueintime.我们都希望他的梦想总有一天会实现。一句多译②尽管只剩下一分钟，但是我仍然赶上了听他的演讲。Eventhoughtherewasonlyoneminuteleft，Iwasintimeforhislecture.Eventhoughtherewasonlyoneminuteleft，Iwasintimetolistentohislecture.3.bring...tolife赋予……生命；使……鲜活起来D典型例句ThenewteacherreallybroughtFrenchtolifeforus.新来的老师给我们把法语教得生动活泼。Flowerscanbringadullroombacktolife.鲜花可使沉闷的房间恢复生气。S思维拓展cometolife变得活跃；变得更有趣(或使人兴奋)fulloflife充满生机Whenitcomestocomputergames，hewillimmediatelycometolife.一说到电脑游戏，他就会活跃起来。J即学即练单句语法填空①Itwasnotlongbeforehecamebacktolife.完成句子②Anybodyinyourgamecanbringyoubacktolife.你游戏中的任何人都可以让你复活。重点句型1．EventhoughBuddhismenteredChinamuchearlier,itdidnotreallybegintoshowexpansionuntiltheseventhcentury.尽管佛教进入中国的时间要早得多，但它直到7世纪才真正开始扩张。J句式分析句中not...until指的是“直到……才”的意思，until可以作介词也可以作连词。Ididnotgohomeuntilmymothercalledme.我直到我妈妈给我打电话我才回家。S思维拓展notuntil的倒装与强调结构(1)当notuntil位于句首时，句子要倒装，其结构为：Notuntil＋从句/表时间的词或短语＋助动词/情态动词/系动词＋(主句)主语＋谓语的一部分＋其他。Notuntiltheteachercameindidthestudentsstoptalking.直到老师进来学生们才停止讲话。Notuntilnextweekwillthesportsmeetbeheld.直到下周才开运动会。(2)notuntil的强调结构为：Itis/wasnotuntil＋从句/表时间的词或短语＋that＋...上面两句改为强调句为：Itwasnotuntiltheteachercameinthatthestudentsstoppedtalking.Itisnotuntilnextweekthatthesportsmeetwillbeheld.J即学即练单句语法填空①ItwasnotuntilIgotmarriedthatIcouldaffordtobuyahouseofmyown.完成句子②Iwon'tgotobeduntilIhavefinishedmyhomework.我要完成作业才睡觉。③Goalongthestreetuntilyouseethetrafficlight.往前走，直到你看见交通灯。2.ChinesesculpturethusfounditselfhighlyinfluencedbyBuddhistartbroughtfromIndiaandCentralAsiathroughtheSilkRoad.因此，中国雕塑深受由印度和中亚通过丝绸之路带来的佛教艺术的影响。J句式分析此句为简单句。句中“founditselfhighlyinfluenced...”为“find＋复合宾语”结构。此结构中的动词短语“influencedbyBuddhistart”与宾语itself之间为被动关系。S思维拓展find＋复合宾语(1)find＋宾语＋形容词＋不定式Ifoundhisbrotherhardtogetalongwith.我发现他的兄弟很难相处。(2)find＋it＋形容词＋不定式(在此句型中it代替其后的不定式作形式宾语)Ifoundithardtogetalongwithhisbrother.我发现很难同他的兄弟相处。(3)findsb./sth.doing(现在分词)Isuddenlyfoundmyselfrunningdownthestreet.我突然发现自己在街上跑了起来。(4)findsb./sth.＋done(过去分词)Gettingoffthebus,hefoundhiswalletstolen.下车后他发现他的钱包被偷了。(5)findoneselfdoing(现在分词)sth./at/in...意识到自己非本意地做某事或处于某种境地Peter，whowasusuallyshy,foundhimselftalkingtothegirls.彼得一向腼腆，突然意识到自己正在跟女孩说话。Afterwanderingaround,wefoundourselvesbackatthehotel.四处闲逛之后，我们不自觉地已回到旅馆。J即学即练单句语法填空①Arecentsurveyhasfoundthenumberofpeoplewhoshopinstoresdecreasing(decrease)，whilefarmoreareshoppingonline.②Uponenteringtheroom,Ifoundallthepeopleabsorbed(absorb)intheworktheyweredoing.③WhenpreparingfortheEnglishspeechcontest,Ifounditveryhardtocollectinformationanduselanguageprecisely.3．TheseworkswereintendedtospreadBuddhismandtheyareofexceptionalbeautyandquality.这些作品旨在传播佛教，它们具有非凡的美感和品质。J句式分析句中ofexceptionalbeautyandquality是“of＋名词”常用结构，这种结构可在句中作表语、后置定语和补语。该结构的常见类型：(1)beof＋表示“年龄(age)、大小(size)、颜色(colour)、重量(weight)、高度(height)、价格(price)、意见(opinion)、形状(shape)、种类(kind)和方法(way)等”的名词。这些名词没有相应的形容词形式，因此不能用“be＋形容词”来代替“be＋of＋n.”，用在这些名词前的限定词常是a,an,the,thesame,my,your等，of表示“具有”，有时可省去。Weareofthesameage.我们同岁。(2)beof＋抽象名词(value,importance,use,help等)。主要用于说明主语的性质。常用于名词前的修饰语有great,little,some,any,no,much等。这一结构相当于“be＋抽象名词所对应的形容词”，of不能省。Theadviceisofgreathelp/veryhelpfultothem.这个建议对他们来说是很有帮助的。J即学即练单句语法填空①Thewaythathehadthoughtoftodealwiththeproblemwasofgreatimportance(important)．②Itreasurethisasagoodchanceanditisofbenefittomeinmanyways.完成句子③Thisdictionaryisofgreatuse(非常有用)tomiddleschoolstudents.④Theclueisofgreatvalue(非常有价值)，whichcanhelpprovethatheisinnocent.4．Lookingatthefacesofthefiguresinthesesculptures,oneseesthefacesofthepast.看着这些雕塑中人物的面容，人们看到了过去的面容。J句式分析该句中的Lookingatthefaces作sees的伴随状语，状语中动作lookat与句子的谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。S思维拓展现在分词短语作状语可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。(1)伴随状语HesatatthetablereadingChinaDaily.他坐在桌子旁看《中国日报》。(2)原因状语Beingill,shedidn'tgotoschoolasusualtoday.因为生病，她今天没像往常一样去上学。(3)时间状语Havingpersuadedhimtochangehismind,Iwentonajourneywithhim.说服他改变主意后，我跟他一块儿去旅行了。(4)结果状语Themotherdied，leavingalotofmoneyforherchildren.那位母亲去世了，给她的孩子们留下了一大笔钱。(5)条件状语Turningright,youwillfindtheplaceyouwant.往右转弯，你就会找到你要找的地方了。(6)方式状语Hecamerunningtotellmethegoodnews.他跑来告诉我这个好消息。M名师点津(1)在现在分词前加not即可构成其否定形式。Notknowingheraddress,Ican'twritetoher.由于不知道她的地址，我没法给她写信。(2)现在分词在句中作状语，表示的动作是主语动作的一部分，同时现在分词短语的逻辑主语必须是句子的主语。J即学即练单句语法填空①Havingworked(work)fortwodays,Stevemanagedtofinishhisreportonschedule.②Aftergraduating(graduate)fromuniversity,hewenttoBeijingtotryhisluck.③Itrainedheavilyinthesouth,causing(cause)seriousfloodinginseveralprovinces.④Likeancientsailors,birdscanfindtheirwayusing(use)thesunandthestars.难句分析1．Thoughitisover500yearsold,itlooksasfreshandfulloflifeasthedayitwascreated.J句式分析N牛刀小试翻译：虽然它已经有500多年的历史了，但它看起来仍和刚被创作出来时一样清新、充满活力。2.Whiletheartistswhomadethesegreatworksarenotknown,theyshowedgreatskillincreatingthesebeautifulpieces.J句式分析N牛刀小试翻译：虽然创作这些伟大作品的艺术家并不为人所知，但他们在创作这些美丽的作品时表现出了高超的技艺。Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Thecommitteeincludesrepresentatives(代表)fromindustry.2．IndustryinBritainhasbeenindecline(衰落)sincethe197