2022年江苏省连云港市高考英语模拟试卷（二）（附答案详解）

2022年江苏省连云港市高考英语模拟试卷（二）

一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）

A

SunshineandEnjoymentintheCaribbeanTheperfectbalanceofsightseeingandrelaxation

awaitonyournextCaribbeancruise（乘船游览）.

Day6StMaarten

Prepareyourselffortheuniquesplitof

Day1Miami,USAFrenchandDutchculturesonthis

It'syourfirstnight!You'vegotabitofwonderfulisland.Choosetoexplorethe

timetohaveafreewalkaroundthecityhistoriccapitalsofPhilipsburgand

beforeheadingonyourcruisethenextMarigotorrelaxandbatheyourselfinthe

morning.sunononeofthebeautifulbeaches.

Day2BoardSkyPrincess®Day7-8Relaxingatsea

Day3PrincessCays,BahamasDay9-10GettingoffSkyPrincess®

1

YourfirststopisatPrincessexclusiveTransfertotheairportforyourovernight

（专属的）portofcallintheflighthome.

Bahamas.EnjoyaprivatebeachpartyYourexclusiveTRAILFINDERS

andgettoknowothercruisersonyourholidayincludes

shiportakepartinexperienceslikeaXDirectflights

stingrayencounterorbananaboatride!

1nightMiamihotel

Day4Relaxingatsea

7nightcruiseaboardSkyPrincess®

Day5StThomas,VirginIslands

inclfullboard,PremierBeverage

Amveearlyforafulldayofsightseeing

Package,unlimitedwi-fi&crew

andactivities.BewowedbyMagens

appreciation.

Bay,oneoftheworld'sbestbeachesand

XPrivatetransfers

definitelyphotoworthy,orgoonthe

10dayholidayfrom

SkyridetoParadisePointtoexperience

BALCONYMINISUITE

broadviews,700ftabovesealevel.

STATEROOM£1,WITHBALCONY

799£2,049

1.Howmanystopsarethereduringthecruise?

A.3.B.4.C.7.D.10.

2.Whichofthefollowingplacesofferscultureexperiences?

A.MiamUSA.B.PrincessCays,Bahamas.

C.StMaarten.D.StThomas,VirginIslands.

3.Whatinformationismissinginthisadvertisement?

A.Thecost.B.Thecontactinformation.

C.Theroute.D.Thetransportationvehicles.

B

PhyllisNovakmovedtoTorontoin1984withthedreamsofbecominganactor.Whenshe

wasn'tworkinginthetheatre,shebeganvolunteeringatEvergreensdrop-incentrethat

supportshomelessyouth.Soonworkingwithyouthbecameherbiggestrole.In1996,Phyllis

NovakandSueCohen,afellowartist,foundedSketchWorkingArts,acharitywithamissionto

improvethelivesofhomelessandmarginalized（边缘化的）youththroughcreativity.

Sketch'sprogramshelpparticipantsdigapowertheydidn'tknowtheyhad.Novakbelievesthe

artsprovideskillstotacklehomelessness,aswellastheeconomicandsocialdiscrimination.

Sketch'slargespaceoffersfreeprogramsthatfallintothreecategories.Eachisstructured

aroundseason-longsemestersandofferedtoanyonebetweentheagesof16and29whois

homelessorwrestlingwithpoverty.Thearts-wellnessbranchprovidesbasicneeds,like

food,andoffersageneralintroductiontocreatingart.Anarts-productionstreamprovides

classesinspecificdisciplines,suchasvisualartsandmusic.Thoseinterestedinafull-timearts

careercanchooseartsleadership,whichoffersmentorship（师徒制）andtheopportunityto

workoncommunity-artsprojectsandeducation.

WhenKutThroatKleofirstjoinedSketch'sprogramsasaparticipantin2019,shehadalove

formusicandfashionbutnowaytoexploreeither.AsaMuslimpersonofcolour,shealsodealt

withprejudiceandoccasionalstretchesofhomelessness.AtSketch,shehadfreeaccesstoa

musicstudioandasilkscreen-printingprogram.The25-year-oldnowworksatSketch.Using

hersilkscreeningskills,shealsorunsaclothinglabelthatsellsclothes.Shenowearnsenoughto

securestablehousinginTorontoandsaysshewouldn'thavethelifeshehastodaywithout

Sketch.

Whenthepandemichit,NovakkeptSketchgoingwithvirtualofferings.In2021,nearly700

第2页，共21页

peopleparticipatedinSketch'svirtualprograms.Sketchdirectednearly$70,000,aswellas

freecellphonesandtablets,tosupportyoungartistsandkeepthemconnected.

Thisyear,theorganizationisplanningapartyforits25thanniversary.Novakisoptimisticthat

Sketchwillfullyreopenthisspring,COVIDpermitting."Sketchisemptyfbrnow,butIknow

thathopeandcreativeenergywillreturn."shesays.

4.WhatareSketch*sprogramsintendedfbr?

A.Usingartstoendhomelessness.

B.Arousingtheyouth'sinterestinarts.

C.Promotingartstorestorethelostculture.

D.Donatingmoneytosupportthehomeless.

5.WhatcanwelearnaboutSketch*sprogramsfromParagraph3?

A.Differentprogramstargetdifferentagegroups.

B.Differentprogramsprovidedifferentcontents.

C.Thedurationsvaryfromprogramtoprogram.

D.Thetuitionfeesvaryfromprogramtoprogram.

6.WhydoestheauthormentionKutThroatKleoinParagraph4?

A.TostressSketch'sdifficulty.

B.TopromoteKleo'sclothes.

C.ToproveSketch'ssuccess.

D.ToshowKleo*stalentforarts.

7.WhatdidSketchdoduringthepandemic?

A.Launchingvirtualprograms.

B.Holdingits25thanniversaryparty.

C.Earning$70,000bysellingcellphones.

D.Directing700peopletovisittheartists.

c

Femalebirdssing.Thatisoneconclusionofour2020studyonthebarnswallow.lthighlights

andhelpsusthinkaboutwhythatbiaspersists.

Despitethewellover1,000scientificpublicationsaboutthisspecies,femalebamswallow

songhadneverpreviouslybeenthefocusofaresearcharticle.Conventionalevolutionary

theoryassumesthatmalescompeteforaccesstofemales,leadingthemtoevolvefeaturesthat

helpfightoffothermalesorattractfemales.Birdsongscanfunctioninboththesecontexts.In

fact,femalessinginatleast64%ofsongbirdspecies,andtheirsongscanservethesame

functionsasmalesongs.

Asecondreasonfbrtheneglectoffemalebirdsongstemsfromgeographicbias.Anyserious

birderworkinginthetropics（热带）couldtellyouthatfemalesdosing.Butearlyresearchers

tendedtostudyspeciesneartheiruniversitiesintheNorthernHemisphere（半月3）,where

femaleshavelostorreducedtheirsongs,whichmayrepresentevolutionaryadaptationsto

conserveenergyformigration.

Afinalreasonforfemalebirdsongbeingunderstudiedcouldbegender.Menhaveruled

birdsongresearchfromitsstart.Asmorewomenenterthefield,theyaremuchmorelikelythan

mentobefirstauthorsonpapersonfemalebirdsong.

Toovercomesuchbiasesinthescientificrule,weneedtomakesciencemoreaccessibleto

all.Forexample,ifwecanmakepeopleawarethatfemalebirdssing,wewillenhancetheir

experienceofnatureandimprovetheirabilitytoobserveit.Peoplewhounderstandthelatest

sciencewillcreatebetterglobaldatasets,which,inturn,willgeneratebetter

science.Besides,nonscientistsmakebetterobserversbecausetheylackpreconceived（先入为

主的）ideas.

FemalebirdssingJThetruthreflectstheconstantadjustmentstothescientificagreementsas

newfactsbecomeavailableandnewvoicesareaddedtotheconversation.Wewelcomeafuture

whereresearch,communicationandeducationcombinetodeepenourconnectionstoone

anotherandthenaturalworld.

8.WhatdoestheunderlinedpartinParagraph1referto?

A.Theconclusionofthe2020study.

B.Thebeliefthatfemalebirdscan'tsing.

C.Thepublicationsaboutthebarnswallow.

D.Thefindingthatfemalescompetewithmales.

9.Whydofemalebirdssing?

A.Tokeepwarm.B.Tofightenemies.

C.Toattractmales.D.Toconserveenergy.

10.Howcanwefightagainstsuchascientificbias?

A.Bymakingfulluseofglobaldatasets.

B.Byinvolvinggeneralpublicinscience.

第4页，共21页

C.Bycollectingmoresoundsoffemalebirds.

D.Byinvitingexpertstodelivermorelectures.

11.Whatdoesthelastparagraphsuggest?

A.Diversityisessentialtoscience.

B.Abirdmaybeknownbyitssong.

C.Eachbirdlovestohearhimselfsing.

D.Thetruthisgenerallyheldbytheminority.

D

Adultsareoftenembarrassedaboutaskingforhelp,andsoarechildren.Ourresearchsuggests

thatasearlyasageseven,childrenbegintoconnectaskingforhelpwithlookingincompetentin

frontofothers.Theirconcernaboutreputationmayhavesignificantconsequences,particularly

whenitcomestoeducation.Everychildstrugglesintheclassroom.Iftheyareafraidtoaskfor

helpbecausetheirclassmatesarewatching,learningwillsuffer.

Howcanwehelpchildrenovercomethesebarriers?Ourfirstideamaybetomotivateseeking

helpbyemphasizingitseducationalbenefits.Buttheseeffortsmaynotaidchildrenwhose

primaryconcernisthattheycouldappearincompetent.Researchsuggeststhatwemay

underestimatejusthowuncomfortableothersfeelwhentheyaskforassistance.

Instead,reputationalbarrierslikelyrequirereputation-basedsolutions.First,adultsshouldlower

thesocialcostofseekinghelp.Forinstance,teacherscouldgivechildrenmoreopportunitiesto

seekassistanceprivately.Teachersshouldhelpstudentsrealizeaskingquestionsinfrontof

othersisnormal,positivebehaviors.Forexample,instructorscouldcreateactivitiesinwhich

childrenmustaskoneanotherforhelptomasterallofthematerial.Ifseekinghelpisunderstood

asacommonclassroomactivity,kidsmaybelesslikelytolinkitwithone'sability.

Seekinghelpcouldevenberegardedassociallydesirable.Parentscouldpointouthowachild's

questionkickedoffavaluableconversationinwhichthewholefamilygottolearn

together.Afterall,askingforhelpbenefitsnotjustthehelpseekerbutalsootherswithsimilar

struggles.Moreover,adultscouldpraisekidsforseekingassistance,whichsignalsthatthey

valueawillingnesstoaskforhelp.

Goingforward,psychologistsandeducationalresearchersshouldevaluatethese

recommendationsanddevelopnewstrategiesthatpushyoungchildrenpasttheirfearsabout

others1opinions.Weneedtokeepclearlyinmind：childrencareabouttheirreputations,andtry

tomanagethem,morethanwemightassume.

12.Whichofthefollowingcasesshowsakid'sfightingforhisreputation?

A.Aboyfellasleepwhenhavingaclass.

B.Aboyadmittedhisfailureinexamspublicly.

C.Aboyrefusedtoaskforhelpwhengettinglost.

D.Aboyraisedhishandtoaskaquestioninclass.

13.HowdoestheauthordevelopParagraph3?

A.Byjustifyinganassumption.

B.Bygivinganexample.

C.Bysharingapersonalexperience.

D.Bymakingacomparison.

14.Whatisthebestwaytoencouragekidstoaskforhelp?

A.Stressingtheeducationalbenefits.

B.Promisingthemmaterialrewards.

C.Providingchancesforprivatehelp.

D.Pointingouttheirbadhabitsdirectly.

15.Whatmightbetheauthor'sresponsetokids*reputationconcern?

A.Takingitseriously.B.Twistingitdeliberately.

C.Overstatingitpurposely.D.Dismissingitwithalaugh.

二、阅读七选五(本大题共5小题，共12.5分)

It'spossibletotakeperfectphotoswithacamerainHauto"mode.(1)Shutter(快门)

speed,apertureandISO,inparticular.

Shutterspeedreferstohowquicklythecamera'sshutteropensandcloses.Openitfor,say,1/2,

000ofasecondandyou'llcaptureafast-runningrabbitinsharplydefineddetail.(2)Aperture

referstohowmuchtheholeinthelens(镜头)openstoallowlightontothesensor,marked

asF-numbers.Largeapertures,whichcorrespondtolowF-numbers(suchasF4),allowina

lotoflight,whilesmallerapertures,whichhavehighF-numbers(suchasF22),letinlesslight.

It'susefultounderstandF-numbersintermsofdepthoffield.(3)Forexample,ifyoufocusona

monkey,themonkeymightbesharpbuttheforestbackgroundwouldbeblurry(模糊的).With

ahighF-numberonthesameshot,notonlywouldthemonkeybeinfocus,buttheleavesand

branchesintheforestwouldbetoo.

ISOreferstothecamera'ssensitivitytolight.(4)Butinlowlightsituationyou'llwanttowind

第6页，共21页

theISOup(to5,000,6.000orhigher).Butbewareofpushingtoofar,ashigherISOsare

morelikelytoproducephotosthataregrainyor"noisy1'.

Allthree-shutterspeed,aperture,ISO-interactwithoneanother.(5)Thebestwaytogetyour

headaroundthemistogooutandexperimentandmakenotesabouthowdifferentphotoslook

with,fbrexamplesreallyhighorlowF-number.

A.Youwillgetthebestfromyourcamera.

B.Inbrightlylitsituations,lowISOsworkfine.

C.AlowF-numbergivesashallowdepthoffield.

D.Ifsvitaltobeinpossessionofaprofessionalcamera.

E.Butforlonger,thesamesubjectsmightendupasblurs.

F.Butthewayyouusethemwilldeterminehowyourphotosturnout.

G.Buttogettheresultsyouwant,youneedtounderstanditsmanualcontrol.

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

三、完形填空(本大题共15小题，共15.0分)

Whenaskedtoaddressahighschoolgraduation,!couldn'tbelieveit.Afterthey(21)methey

did,Ifelthonored.Justthinkofit!Aguynevercomingtohighschoolwastospeakonsuchan

important(22).

Butwhat(23)wordscanIconvey?Ithoughtandrethought,but(24)nothing.ltwasnotuntil

thenightbeforetheaddressthatitsuddenly(25)me.Don'ttellthemwhatIdidbutwhatI

learned.

Igrewup-(26),wasdraggedupindozensofinstitutions.Throughthoseyears,1(27)myway

throughsevendifferentschools.Byfourteen,!wasfinishedwithschool.IwastoldIcouldn'tbe

educatedorgivenajob.Atfirstthiswasvery(28)astherewasnoonetoturnto.ltwashard.I

hadtobecomestreet(29)inahurry.Igottoughquickly.Ilearnedtoshownofearandtokeep

mymouth(30).1chosemyroadsbytrialanderror.Iwasdeterminednottoquitandnottobe

(31).1didalright.Igotthrough.

Aboutadozenyearsago,afriendtoldmeitwas(32)forpeopletoknowwhatit'sliketogrow

upthewayIdid.SoIwrotemyautobiography,TheyCagetheAnimalsatNightwhich(33)

thoseinchargeofthegraduationtoinviteme.

ItwasawarmJunemorningwhenIstoodattheplatform.Alleyeswerefixeduponme.Ibegan

tospeak.

"Thisisastreetkid's(34)abouthowtogetfromheretothere.ltmighthelpyougetthrougha

(35)time.n

21.A.confirmedB.askedC.believedD.persuaded

22.A.occasionB.conditionC.situationD.place

23.A.ambitiousB.conventionalC.influentialD.mysterious

24.A.caughtupwithB.putupwith

C.keptupwithD.cameupwith

25.A.countedonB.dawnedonC.attendedonD.insistedon

26.A.orratherB.orsoC.orelseD.ornot

27.A.struggledB.lostC.pavedD.mended

28.A.excitingB.interestingC.surprisingD.frightening

29.A.rudeB.cruelC.smartD.wild

30.A.shutB.openC.fullD.empty

31.A.beatenB.employedC.motivatedD.killed

32.A.awkwardB.importantC.specialD.natural

33.A.recommendedB.convincedC.permittedD.inspired

34.A.commitmentB.challengeC.targetD.guide

35.A.greatB.preciousC.roughD.unique

四、语法填空(本大题共1小题，共15.0分)

36.Overthecenturies,farmers(1)(discover)thousandsofdifferentspeciesoffood

crops.Eachspecieshasspecialqualities.TofeedthesevenbillionpeopleonEarth,most

第8页，共21页

farmerstodayaregrowingonlyspeciesofplantsthatareeasy⑵(produce)inlarge

numbers.Meanwhilethousandsofotherspeciesarebecomingextinct.Forexample,in

China,90percentofthewheat⑶(vary)grownjustacenturyagohavedisappeared.

Onesolution(4)thisproblemistocollectandpreservetheseedsofasmanydifferent

speciesaswecan(5)theydisappear.Thisidea(6)(suggest)forthefirsttimebyRussian

scientistNikolayVavilov.In(7)1920sand1930s,hecollectedaround400,000seedsfrom

fivecontinents.Therearenowaround1,700seedbanksincountriesaroundtheworld.The

SvalbardGlobalSeedVault,whichpreservesalmostonemillionseedsamples,hasoneof

the(8)(large)collections.

IntheUS,DianeOttWhealyandherhusbandfoundedHeritageFarm,aplace(9)people

canstoreandtradeseeds.Bydoingthis,theyarereintroducingfoodsintothemarketplace

(10)haven'tbeengrownforyears.

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

五、书面表达(本大题共2小题，共40.0分)

37.你校英文报正在举办征文比赛，主题为弘扬中华传统美德。请你写一篇短文投稿，

内容包括：

I.介绍一种美德；

2.你的理解；

3.你的做法。

注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

EmbraceTraditionalVirtues

IthappenedrightatthestartofmysummervacationwhenIwasinelementaryschool.

"Well,you'reoverduefbrmeaslesanyway,“mymothertoldmewhenIstartedshowing

symptoms.Mycousinshadrecentlysufferedthroughmeasles,somymotherwasanticipating

thewarningsigns.

Honestly,!don'trecallmuchabouthavingthemeasles,althoughmymotherhastoldmeIhada

veryseverecase.TheonlythingIclearlyrememberisourblack-and-whitemutt,Boots,who

stayednearmethewholetimeIwassick.Hekeptmecompanyjestingquietlywithmeduring

thedayandpressingwarmlyagainstmeatnight.

AsIrecoveredfromit,thedoctorrecommendedplentyoffreshairandexercise.Imusthave

beendepressedaftermysicknessbecauseallIwantedtodo,eventhoughIfeltbetter,waslieon

thecouchandreadclassicliterature：RichieRich,CaspertheFriendlyGhostandJugheadand

Archie.

“You'vegottogooutsideandgetsomeexercise,0mymotherinsistedoneday."Thedoctorsaid

itwillhelpyougetbetter.'1

"Idon'tfeellikeit,"Icomplained.Isatonthecouchreadingacomicbookwiththedoglying

patientlynexttome.

"YoucouldgooutsidewithBoots/suggestedmymother.

Bootsstoodup,histailwavingatthesoundofhisname.Hejumpedoffthecouchandheaded

forthedoor.Mymotherlethimout.uAreyousureyouwon*tjoinyourdog?”sheaskedme.

Ishookmyhead.

Laterthatevening,Bootsdidnotreturnhomeathisusualtime.Afterdinner,!calledrepeatedly

forhim,buthedidnotappear.

"It'snotlikethatdogtomissameal,"saidmymother."You'dbettergooutandlookfbrhim."

注意：1.写作词数应为150左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Forthefirsttimeinalongtime.Iheadedoutintotheyard.

Andwithoutmyreallybeingawareofit,Ibecamestrongerandhealthier.

第10页，共21页

答案和解析

1~3.【答案】A、C、B

【解析】（1）A.推理判断题。根据Day3PrincessCays,Bahamas部分中的

YourfirststopisatPrincess'exclusive（专属的）portofcallintheBahamas.（你的第一站

是巴哈马群岛公主号的专属停靠港）；Day5StThomas,VirginIslands部分中的

Arriveearlyforafulldayofsightseeingandactivities.（提前到达，进行一整天的观光和活

动。）以及Day6stMaarten部分中的

PrepareyourselffortheuniquesplitofFrenchandDutchculturesonthiswonderfulisland.

（在这个美丽的岛屿上，为法国和荷兰文化的独特分裂做好准备。）可知，乘船游览期

间一共有三站。故选A。

（2）C.细节理解题。根据Day6stMaarten部分中的

PrepareyourselffortheuniquesplitofFrenchandDutchculturesonthiswonderfulisland.

（在这个美丽的岛屿上，为法国和荷兰文化的独特分裂做好准备。）可知，StMaarten

这一站会提供文化体验。故选C。

（3）B.推理判断题。根据表格右下角BALCONYSTATEROOM£1,799MINISUITE

WITHBALCONY£2,049（阳台包厢1799英镑，带阳台的迷你套房2049英镑），

TRAILFINDERS部分Directflights（直飞航班）以及表格中每天的行程路线安排可知，

广告中提到了费用，路线和运输工具，没有提到联络人信息。结合选项A.Thecost.费用；

B.Thecontactinformation.联系方式；C.Theroute.路线；D.Thetransportationvehicles.交通

方式。故选Bo

本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了加勒比海乘船游览的相关信息。

1.直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原

文基本一致的题目。2.间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言

表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3.综合信息题：综合信息题

是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在

文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。

4~7.【答案】A、B、C、A

【解析】（1）A.细节理解题。根据第二段的Sketch'sprogramshelpparticipantsdigapower

theydidn'tknowtheyhad.Novakbelievestheartsprovideskillstotacklehomelessness,aswell

astheeconomicandsocialdiscrimination.（Sketch的项目帮助参与者挖掘他们不知道自己

拥有的能力。Novak认为，艺术提供了解决无家可归以及经济和社会歧视的技能。）可

知，Sketch的项目旨在用艺术来结束无家可归。故选A。

（2）B.推理判断题。根据第三段的Thearts-wellnessbranchprovidesbasicneedsjike

food,andoffersageneralintroductiontocreatingart.Anarts-productionstreamprovides

classesinspecificdisciplines,suchasvisualartsandmusic.Thoseinterestedinafull-timearts

careercanchooseartsleadership,whichoffersmentorshipandtheopportunitytoworkon

community-artsprojectsandeducation.（艺术---健康部提供基本需求，如食物，并提供

艺术创作的一般介绍。艺术一一生产班提供特定学科的课程，如视觉艺术和音乐。那些

对全职艺术职业感兴趣的人可以选择艺术领导，这为他们提供指导和参与社区艺术项目

和教育的机会。）可知，不同的项目提供不同的内容。故选B。

（3）C.推理判断题。根据第四段的ShenowearnsenoughtosecurestablehousinginToronto

andsaysshewouldn'thavethelifeshehastodaywithoutSketch.（她现在挣的钱足以在多伦

多买到稳定的住房，她说如果没有Sketch,她就不会有今天的生活。）可知，作者在第

四段提到KutThroatKleo是为了证明Sketch的成功。故选C。

（4）A.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的Whenthepandemichit,NovakkeptSketchgoing

withvirtualofferings.（疫情爆发后，Novak让Sketch继续提供虚拟产品。）可知,疫情

期间，Sketch启动了虚拟项目。故选A。

本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是PhyllisNovak和SueCohen创立慈善机构SketchWorking

Arts的事迹，这个机构旨在通过创造力改善无家可归和被边缘化青年的生活。

阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑

关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章

未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作

者观点。

8〜11.【答案】A

【解析】（1）B.推理判断题。根据文章第一段"Femalebirdssing.Thatisoneconclusionof

our2020studyonthebarnswallow.lthighlightsalong-standingscientificbiasandhelpsus

thinkaboutwhythatbiaspersists.（雌性鸟儿歌唱。这是我们2020年对仓燕研究的一个

结论。它突出了一种长期存在的科学偏见，并帮助我们思考为什么这种偏见持续存在。）

可知，最新研究表明雌性鸟儿也会歌唱，而这一结论引起人们对“一个长期的科学偏见“

的关注，由此推知，该长期的科学偏见是指：雌性鸟儿不会歌唱。故选B项。

第12页，共21页

（2）C.推理判断题。根据文章第二段Conventionalevolutionarytheoryassumesthatmales

competeforaccesslofemales,leadingthemtoevolvefeaturesthathelpfightoffothermalesor

attractfemales.Birdsongscanfunctioninboththesecontexts.Infact,femalessinginatleast64%

ofsongbirdspecies,andtheirsongscanservethesamefunctionsasmalesongs.（传统的进化

理论认为，雄性会为了接近雌性而竞争，这导致它们进化出有助于击退其他雄性或吸引

雌性的特征。鸟鸣可以在这两种情况下发挥作用。事实上，至少64%的鸣禽物种中，雌

性鸣禽会唱歌，而且它们的歌唱可以起到与雄性鸣禽相同的作用。）可知，雌鸟唱歌可

以起到与雄鸟唱歌相同的作用，即雌鸟会唱歌是为了吸引雄鸟。故选C项。

（3）B.细节理解题。根据文章第五段Toovercomesuchbiasesinthescientificrule,weneed

tomakesciencemoreaccessibletoall.（为了克服科学规则中的这种偏见，我们需要让科

学更容易为所有人所接受。）可知，让公众参与到科学中来可以克服这种科学偏见。故

选B项。

（4）A.推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Wewelcomeafuturewhereresearch,communication

andeducationcombinetodeepenourconnectionstooneanotherandthenaturalworld.（我们

欢迎这样一个未来研究、交流和教育结合在一起，深化我们彼此之间以及与自然世界的

联系。）可知，多样性对科学至关重要。故选A项。

这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了我们为什么不知道雌鸟也鸣叫？科学界也存在偏见，

需要多样化的参与。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找

出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项填写出正确答案。

12~15.【答案】C、B、C、A

【解析】（1）C.推理判断题。根据第一段的Ourresearchsuggeststhatasearlyasage

seven,childrenbegintoconnectaskingforhelpwithlookingincompetentinfrontof

others.Theirconcernaboutreputationmayhavesignificantconsequences,particularlywhenit

comestoeducation.（我们的研究表明，早在7岁时，孩子们就开始将寻求帮助与在别人

面前显得无能联系起来。他们对声誉的担忧可能会产生严重的后果,尤其是在教育方面。）

可知，孩子对声誉的担忧会导致他们不愿意寻求帮助，因此一个男孩迷路时拒绝寻求帮

助表明一个孩子在为自己的声誉而战。故选C。

（2）B.推理判断题。根据第三段的Forinstance,teacherscouldgivechildrenmore

opportunitiestoseekassistanceprivately.Teachersshouldhelpstudentsrealizeasking

questionsinfrontofothersisnormal,positivebehaviors.Forexample,instructorscouldcreate

activitiesinwhichchildrenmustaskoneanotherforhelptomasterallofthemateriaLIfseeking

helpisunderstoodasacommonclassroomactivity,kidsmaybelesslikelytolinkitwithone's

ability.（例如，教师可以给孩子们更多的机会私下寻求帮助。教师应该帮助学生认识到

在别人面前提问是正常的、积极的行为。例如，教师可以创设一些活动，让孩子们必须

相互寻求帮助才能掌握所有的材料。如果寻求帮助被理解为一种常见的课堂活动，孩子

们可能不太可能把它与一个人的能力联系起来。）可知，本段主要是通过举例展开的。

故选B。

（3）C.细节理解题。根据第三段的First,adultsshouldlowerthesocialcostofseeking

help.Forinstance,teacherscouldgivechildrenmoreopportunitiestoseekassistanceprivately.

（首先，成年人应该降低寻求帮助的社会成本。例如，教师可以给孩子们更多的机会私

下寻求帮助。）可知，鼓励孩子寻求帮助的最好方法是提供私下帮助的机会。故选C。

（4）A.推理判断题。根据最后一段的Goingforward,psychologistsandeducational

researchersshouldevaluatetheserecommendationsanddevelopnewstrategiesthatpush

youngchildrenpasttheirfearsaboutothers'opinions.Weneedtokeepclearlyinmind：children

careaboutthe