2023年高考英语重难题型高分攻略12 阅读理解之词句猜测题（含代词指代题）（解析版）

备战2023例读考点分类训练之词句常溃题

PassageA

Foryoungpeoplewithautism（自症）,growingintoadulthoodcanhaveitsown

challenges.Butstudentsatthenon-profiteducationalprogramExceptionalMindsprovethatautism

canalsomeanspecialtalents.

MadelinePettiisanexampleofhowExceptionalMindshelpsstudentswithautismseekand

reachtheirfullpotential/'IwanttheworldtoknowthatIlikedesigningthingsandExceptional

Mindsisagreatplaceforme."Madelineispartofanewwaveofdigitaleffectsartists.Sheisa

young,talentedstudentwhohasautism.Sheislearningallabouttheentertainmentindustrywith

ExceptionalMinds,whichprovidesvocational（职业的）trainingforyoungadultswithautism.

Madelinehasplayedvideogamessincethe4thgrade.Shehasalsoalwayslovedwatching

animated（动画的）shows.Butshesaidshehadatorturoustimelearningintraditionalsettings/61get

boredeasilywhenI'mjustsittingthereandpeoplearetalkingaroundme.I'mnotreallypersonally

devotedtothematerial.Whenyouarenotpersonallydevoted,youhavetoforceyourselftostayin

themomentandpayattention.Ifyoudon'thavethemotivationtoforceyourself,youarepretty

muchgoingoffintoyourpersonalLaLaLand.^^

ExceptionalMindsprovidedtherightkindoflearningenvironmentfbrMadeline.More

actionjesstalking.Shesaid,“Ilikecomingherebecauseit'ssohands-on.Wegetshownexamplesor

wewillfollowalongwiththedirections.!guesswearedoingmore.”

ErnieMerlanisanEMprogramdirector.Hesaid,“Theheartofourprogramisafulltime

three-yearvocationalprogramspecificallyfbrtheentertainmentindustry.Theprogramteachesthe

studentsnotonlythetechnicalskillstheyneedbuttheworkreadinessskillstheyneedinorderto

getajob.Sowefocusonhowtheylookandwhattheirattitudeis,andthenworkplaceconflict

whichweallhave.”

l.WhatcanbeknownaboutMadelinePetti?

A.Shesuffersfromgameaddiction.

B.Shehasatalentfordigitaleffects.

C.Sheisworkinginalocalindustry.

D.Shedislikesdesigningthingsnow.

2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“torturous”inparagraph3probablymean?

A.Hard.B.Normal.C.Long.D.Devoted.

3.HowisExceptionalMindsdifferentfromtraditionalprograms?

A.Itisaboutentertainment.

B.Itfocusesmoreonaction.

C.Itisdesignedforchildren.

D.Itisaimedatactivetalks.

4.WhyareErnieMerlan'swordsmentioned?

A.Toshowthebenefitsofhisjob.

B.Totelltheprogram'schallenges.

C.Tofurtherintroducetheprogram.

D.Tostresstheinfluenceofattitude.

解析：本文是一篇说明文。文章通过自闭症患者Madeline在非营利的教育项目

ExceptionalMinds的学习情况及该项目的员工所说的话来介绍这一项目的教学方法和它的

一些关注点。

1.B解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的Madelineispartofanewwaveofdigital

effectsartists.Sheisayoung,talentedstudentwhohasautism.”可知,MadelinePetti在数字特

效艺术方面是有天赋的。

2.A解析词句猜测题。根据画线词后的“IgetboredeasilywhenVmjustsittingthere

andpeoplearetalkingaroundme.”可知，对于Madeline而言,在传统环境中学习是艰难的，所

以画线词的意思与Hard“艰难的，煎熬的”最为接近。

3.B解析细节理解题。根据第四段中的"ExceptionalMindsprovidedtherightkindof

learningenvironmentforMadeline.Moreactionjesstalking.可知,ExceptionalMinds的不同

之处在于它更注重行动而非言语。

4.C解析推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知,ErnieMerlan介绍了ExceptionalMinds

这个项目的核心宗旨;由此可推断，提及他的话是为了进一步介绍这个项目。

PassageB

TheInternationalBaccalaureate(IB)Programisaninternationallyrecognizedqualificationfor

entryintohighereducation.Usually,16-to19-year-oldstakeitduringthelasttwoyearsofhigh

school.High-achievinghighschoolstudentswhowantaninternationalperspectiveinavarietyof

subjectsshouldconsiderthisprogram.

TheIBProgramincludesthreerequiredcourses.Thefirst,TheoryofKnowledge,discusses

whereknowledgecomesfromandhowtoanalyzeinfbrmation.Thesecondrequired

course,ExtendedEssay,involvesresearchingasubjectofthestudenfschoiceandwritinga

4,000-wordessayonit.Thethirdrequirement,calledCreativity,Activity,Service,requires50hoursof

workoutsideofclassineachofthethreeareas.Creativityincludestheater,musicandart.Activity

referstosports,andServicemeansvolunteering.

Theprogramincludesclassesinsixothersubjectareasaswelklanguageand

literature,languageacquisition,individualsandsocieties,sciences,mathematicsandthearts.Students

areexpectedtotakeoneclassfromeachsubjectarea.However,theycanchooseanadditionalcourse

fromoneoftheotherareasasasubstitutionfortheartsrequirement.

TheIBProgramintroducesstudentstoawiderangeofcourses.Thiscangivestudentsalegup

inuniversityapplicationsbecauseitshowstheycanlearnaboutmanydifferentsubjects.Onthe

otherhand,thevarietyofsubjectsmeansthatstudentscanonlytakeoneortwoclassesinanyone

area.Therefbre,studentswhowanttospecializeinfieldssuchasmedicineorengineeringmayas

welltakemoreclassesinasinglesubjectarea.TheIBProgrammaynotbeagoodfitforthese

students.

TheIBProgramistime-consumingandintellectuallychallenging.Notallstudentswilldesire

orfeelequippedtoputinthework.Forthosewhopursueit,however,theIBProgramoffersa

wide-rangingeducationfocusedondevelopingskillsstudentswillneedinlife.

5.WhoisrecommendedtoparticipateintheIBProgram?

A.Studentspursuingengineering.

B.Studentswantingtoserveothers.

C.Studentshuntingforanoccupation.

D.Studentsinterestedinvariousfields.

6.WhatcanweknowaboutthecoursearrangementoftheIBProgram?

Altdemandsstudentsshouldbegoodataparticularsport.

B.Itallowsstudentstoselectanothercoursetoreplacearts.

C.Itadvisesstudentsshouldgraduatefromhighschoolfirst.

D.Itrequiresstudentstochooseonecourseineachsubjectarea.

7.Whatdoesthephrase“alegup“probablymeaninparagraph4?

A.Anadvantage.B.Acertificate.

C.Afastspeed.D.Asuggestion.

8.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.ApplicationsfortheIBProgram.

B.RequiredcoursesintheIBProgram.

C.AnintroductionoftheIBProgram.

□.SuitableparticipantsfortheIBProgram.

解析：本文是一篇说明文。国际学士学位(IB)课程是国际公认的高等教育入学资格。文

章介绍了国际学士学位(IB)课程学习内容，申请学习这个课程的对象和作用。

5.D解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的"High-achievinghighschoolstudentswhowant

aninternationalperspectiveinavarietyofsubjectsshouldconsiderthisprogram.”可知，建议

对不同领域感兴趣的学生参加IB课程。

6.B解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的"However,theycanchooseanadditionalcourse

fromoneoftheotherareasasasubstitutionfortheartsrequirement.可知,IB课程允许学生

选择另一门课程来代替艺术。

7.A解析词句猜测题。根据画线词组后文“becauseitshowstheycanlearnaboutmany

differentsubjects.v及画线词组前文“TheIBProgramintroducesstudentstoawiderangeof

courses.”可知,IB课程可以给申请大学的学生一个优势。由此推知，画线词组alegup意为“一

个优势，

8.C解析主旨大意题。整篇文章都是围绕"TheInternationalBaccalaureate（IB）

Program”来叙述的。由此可知,AnintroductionoftheIBProgram.（IB课程简介）符合题意。

故选C项。

PassageC

Gettingmixedfamiliestogetherisn'talwaysaneasytaskandsomechildrencanbeleftfeeling

hurtorangrywhentheirparentsremarry.Butonewomanhasmadesurehernewstepsonknows

exactlyhowmuchsheappreciateshim,bydedicatingpartofherweddingvows（誓言）tohim.

VanessaLynch,30,becamestepmumtonine-year-oldHenrywhenshetiedtheknotwithCraig

Lynchandaftermakinghervowstohernewhusband,sheturnedherattentiontotheyoungboy.Her

vowssaid,“Henry,IknowIwasn'tthereforyourfirststepsoryourfirstwords,butIpromiseIwill

betherefbrmanymoreofyourfirsts.IpromisetoloveyouasifyouweremyownandlastlyI

promiseIwillbethebestwifeforyourdadandIpromisetobethebeststepmumIcanbeforyou.^^

AndVanessainsistedshewantedtodedicatesomeofhervowstoHenrybecauseshedidn't

wanthimtoseeherasjusta“womanhisdadwasmarriedto9,.Sheexplained,ctFmgladIdecidedto

doitbecauseHenrytoldmethattheymeantalottohimandthathefeelsevenclosertomethan

befbre.^^

Vanessaalsohadastepdadgrowingupandchosetowalkdowntheaislewithbothher

biologicaldadandherstepdadtoshowthatfamilydoesn'tjustmeanbloodrelatives.Shesaid,"I

comefromamixedfamily,soIwantedtoshowhowstepparentsshouldtreatstepchildrenasthough

theyweretheirownchildren.Youdon'tsharebloodwithsomeone,butitdoesnotmeanyoucannot

beafamily.ltallcomesfromloveyouholdfbrapersonandwhatyoucommittooneanother.^^

9.HowdidVanessashowhercareforherstepson?

A.Byallowinghimtolivewithher.

B.Byvowingtohimatherwedding.

C.Bypurchasinghisfovouritetoys.

D.Bypromisingtogivehimfreedom.

10.Whatmaytheunderlinedpartmeaninparagraph2?

A.Gotmarriedto.B.Gotfamiliarwith.

C.Gotengagedin.D.Gotinvolvedwith.

11.HowistherelationbetweenVanessaandherstepsonnow?

A.Worsethanever.B.Ascloseasbefore.

C.Greatlyimproved.D.Nocloserthanbefore.

12.WhichwordscanbestdescribeVanessaLynch?

A.Sensitiveandskeptical.B.Ambitiousandgentle.

C.Talentedandintelligent.D.Kindandconsiderate.

解析：本文是一篇记叙文。文章以Vanessa经历的重组家庭例子，表明家庭不仅仅是指血

亲，没有血缘也可以成为一家人。

9.B解析细节理解题。由第一段中的"Butonewomanhasmadesurehernewstepson

knowsexactlyhowmuchsheappreciateshim,bydedicatingpartofherweddingvows（誓言）to

him.”和结合下文得出这位女性指的是Vanessa可知,Vanessa通过在婚礼上向继子宣誓来显

示她对继子的关心。

10.A解析词句猜测题。由第一段中的“Butonewomanhasmadesurehernewstepson

knowsexactlyhowmuchsheappreciateshim,bydedicatingpartofherweddingvows（誓言）to

him.”和第二段中的“VanessaLynch,30,becamestepmum...Hervowssaid99可知,Vanessa成

了九岁亨利的继母，还进行了结婚宣誓，说明她和克雷格林奇结婚了,tiedtheknotwith在此处

意为"结婚（Gotmarriedto）”。

ll.C解析推理判断题。由第三段中的mgladIdecidedtodoitbecauseHenrytold

methattheymeantalottohimandthathefeelsevenclosertomethanbefore.w可知，继子亨

利比以前更亲近Vanessa,二人关系现在大大改善了。

12.D解析推理判断题。由第一段中的“Butonewomanhasmadesurehernewstepson

knowsexactlyhowmuchsheappreciateshim,bydedicatingpartofherweddingvows（誓言）to

him.”和第二段中的“Hervowssaid,canbeforyou.'”可知,Vanessa通过在婚礼上向继

子宣誓来显示她对继子的关心,说她会爱继子，成为最好的继母,可得出Vanessa是一位善良体

贴的人。

PassageD

FouTs'ong,aChinese-bornpianistknownforhissensitiveinterpretationsofChopin,Debussy

andMozart,diedonMondayatahospitalinLondon,wherehehadlivedformanyyears.Hewas86.

Aloverofclassicalmusicfromayoungage,Mr.Foubegantakingpianolessonswhenhewas

7.Mr.Foumadehisfirststageappearancein1952.Theconcertcaughttheattentionofofficialsin

Beijing,whoselectedhimtocompeteandtourinEasternEurope.Mr.Fousoonmovedto

Poland,wherehestudiedattheWarsawConservatory（音乐学校）onascholarship.Toprepareforthe

fifthChopinCompetitioninWarsawin1955,hepracticedsodiligentlythathehurthisfingersand

wasnearlycutfromthefirstroundofthecompetition.

Mr.FouwasoneofthefirstChinesepianiststoachieveglobalprominencewhenhetookthe

thirdplaceintheInternationalChopinPianoCompetitioninWarsawin1955.Healsowonaspecial

prizeforhisperformanceofChopin'smazurkas（马祖卜舞曲）.Almostovernight,hebecamea

nationalhero.ToChina,Mr.Fou9srecognitioninawell-knowninternationalcompetitionwasproof

thatthecountrycouldstandonitsownartisticallyintheWest.Chinesereportersflockedto

interviewMr.Fou,whilemanyotherssoughtouthisfather,FuLei,foradviceonchild-rearing.

In1981,avolumeofletterswrittenbyhisfather,primarilytoMr.Fou,waspublishedin

China.Fullofadvice,encouragement,lifeteachingsandstrictpaternallove,thebookFuLei'sFamily

Lettersbecameabest-sellerinChina.BesidesinfluencingagenerationofChinese,Mr.Fu'swords

resonated（共鸣）longafterhisdeathwiththepersonforwhomtheywereintended.

“Myfatherhadasayingthat'Firstyoumustbeaperson,thenanartist,andthenamusician,and

onlythencanyoubeapianist.'"Mr.Fouoncerecalledinaninterview/'Evennow,!believeinthis

order-thatitshouldbethiswayandthatIamthisway.”

l.Whatcanbelearnedfromparagraph2?

A.FouTs'ongcompetedandtouredinBeijing.

B.FouTs'ongfirstperformedonthestageat7.

C.FouTs'ongmadegreateffortsforcompetitions.

D.FouTs'ongstartedlearningmusicinEasternEurope.

2.WhydoesFouTs'ong'sglobalrecognitionmeanalottoChina?

AltearnsChineseartaplaceintheWest.

B.ItpromotesthespreadofChineseculture.

C.ItprovesChinesepeople'stalentformusic.

D.ItenablesChinesearteducationtoberecognized.

3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"they”inparagraph4referto?

A.Mr.Fu'swords.

B.YoungChinese.

C.FouTs'ongandhisfamily.

D.ReadersofFuLei'sFamilyLetters.

4.WhichofthefollowingagreeswithFuLei'sideasinthelastparagraph?

A.Pursuingartisalongandpainfulprocess.

B.Itrequiresvariousqualitiestobeapianist.

C.Everyoneshoulddevelopaninterestinart.

D.Talentisofthegreatestimportanceforapianist.

解析：本文是一篇人物传记。文章介绍中国出生的钢琴家傅聪。他以其对肖邦、德彪西

和莫扎特作品的细致诠释而闻名，他的国际知名度为中国艺术在西方赢得了一席之地。

1.C解析推理判断题。根据第二段的最后一句话"ToprepareforthefifthChopin

CompetitioninWarsawin1955,hepracticedsodiligentlythathehurthisfingersandwas

nearlycutfromthefirstroundofthecompetition.w可知，傅聪先生为了比赛付出了很多。

2.A解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的"ToChina,Mr.Fousrecognitionina

well-knowninternationalcompetitionwasproofthatthecountrycouldstandonitsown

artisticallyintheWest.”可知,傅聪的国际知名度为中国艺术在西方赢得了一席之地。

3.A解析词义猜测题。根据第四段中的aBesidesinfluencingagenerationof

Chinese,Mr.Fu,swordsresonatedlongafterhisdeathwiththepersonforwhomtheywere

intended.w可以看出,they指代上文提到的Mr.Fu，swords,说明除了影响了一代中国人外，傅

雷先生的话在他去世后依然能够让听到这些话的人产生共鸣。由此推知,they指的是his

wordso

4.B解析推理判断题。根据最后一段中的"MyfatherhadasayingthatFirstyoumust

beaperson,thenanartist,andthenamusician,andonlythencanyoubeapianist/"可知，傅雷

先生教儿子傅聪要先成为人，再成为艺术家,再成为音乐家，最后才能成为钢琴家。这表明，傅雷

先生认为成为一名钢琴家，身上要具备很多的品质。

PassageE

Acarboncapturingdevice,calledOrca,beganoperatinginIcelandinSeptember.Themachine

wasinventedandmadebyaSwisscompanycalledClimeworks.Thenamecomesfromthe

Icelandicwordorkawhichmeansenergy.

Orcacanpullcarbondioxideoutoftheairandsenditdeepintotheground,wherejtisturned

intostone.Thedeviceismadeupoffoursectionswhichlooklikegiantairconditionersstacked

together.Eachsectioncontains12largefansthatsuckairfromoutsideintosteelcompartments.

Inside,theairpassesthroughafilter（过滤器）whichgathersthecarbondioxide.ltisthenheated

toahightemperaturesothecarbondioxidecanbecollectedfromthefilter.Then,thecarbondioxide

ismixedwithwaterandputdeepinthegroundintoatypeofrockcalledbasalt.Basaltcausesthe

carbondioxidemixturetoturnintostoneaftertwoorthreeyears.

Orcaisanexperimentaldevice.ltwasbuilttodemonstratethatitispossibletopermanently

removecarbondioxidefromtheatmosphere.ltcanremove4,000metrictonsofcarbondioxide

fromtheaireachyear.That'saboutthesameamountastheemissionsproducedby850carsina

year.Inordertoremoveenoughcarbondioxidetomakeabigdifferencetoglobalwarming,much

largerdeviceslikeOrcawouldhavetobebuiltinmanycountriesaroundtheworld.

Someenvironmentalactivistssaygovernmentsshouldspendmoretimeandmoneyon

reducingtheamountofgreenhousegasweproduceeachyear,insteadofinvestingincarboncapture

methods.Butotherssaythat,inorderforcountriestomeettheirgoalofnetzeroemissionsby

2050,theywillneedtodoboth:reducenewemissionsandremovethecarbondioxidealreadyinthe

air.

5.What'sthepurposeofdesigningOrca?

A.Toconserveenergy.

B.Toachievezeroemissions.

C.Toprotectnaturalresources.

D.Toremovecarbondioxideintheair.

6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it"refertoinparagraph2?

A.Orca.B.Thebasalt.C.Theair.D.Carbondioxide.

7.HowdoesOrcawork?

a.Suckingtheair.

b.Collectingthecarbondioxide.

c.Mixingwithwater.

d.Filteringandheating.

e.Puttingintotheground.

A.a,d,b,c,eB.a,c,d,b,eC.a,d,c,b,eD.a,b,c,d,e

8.Whyaresomeenvironmentalistsnotinfavor?

A.Reducingemissionsismoreimportant.

B.Itmightresultinnewpollution.

C.Thetechnologyisnotmature.

D.Itdoesn'tworkefficiently.

解析：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了瑞士公司制造的名为Orca的碳捕捉设备，并详细

说明了其工作原理和一些环保人士对它的看法。

5.D解析推理判断题。根据第二段中uOrcacanpullcarbondioxideoutoftheairand

senditdeepintotheground,whereitisturnedintostone.w可推知，设计Orca的目的是去除空

气中的二氧化碳。

6.D解析词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Orcacanpullcarbondioxideoutoftheairand

senditdeepintotheground,whereitisturnedintostone.w和指代关系可知，代词it指的是上

文提到的acarbondioxide故选D项。

7.A解析细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知Qrca的工作过程是:先吸入空气，对其过滤

并加热收集到的二氧化碳，完成二氧化碳的收集后，与水混合，最后存入地下。

8.A解析推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Someenvironmentalactivistssaygovernments

shouldspendmoretimeandmoneyonreducingtheamountofgreenhousegasweproduce

eachyear,insteadofinvestingincarboncapturemethods.w可推知,一些环保人士不支持Orca,

因为他们认为减少我们每年产生的温室气体更重要。

PassageF

InFebruaryof1942,MexicanfarmerDionisioPulidothoughtheheardthundercomingfrom

hiscornfield.However,thesoundwasn'tcomingfromthesky.Thesourcewasalargesmokingbreak

sendingoutgasandpushingoutrocks.Thisopeningwouldcometobeknownasthevolcano

Paricutin,andoverthenext9years,itslavaandashwouldcoverover200squarekilometers.But

wheredidthisnewvolcanocomefrom,andwhatcauseditsunpredictableeruption?

Oneofthemostcommoncausesofaneruptionisanincreaseinmagmastatic

pressure.Magma（岩浆）containsvariouselementsandcompounds.Athighenough

concentrations,compoundslikewaterorsulfur（硫）formhigh-pressuregasbubbles.Whentheseballs

ofgasreachthesurface,theycanburstwiththeforceofagunshot.Andwhenmillionsofbubbles

explode,theenergycansendashintotheair.Butbeforetheypoporburst,theyactlikebubblesof

CO2inashakensoda.

Notalleruptionsareduetorisingmagmastaticpressure—sometimestheweightoftherock

abovecanbecomedangerouslylow.Landslidescanremovemassivequantitiesofrockfromatopa

magmachamberorroom,droppingthepressureandinstantlytouchingoffaneruption.Thisprocess

isknownas“unloading“andit'sbeenresponsiblefornumerouseruptions,includingthesudden

explosionofMountSt.Helensin1980.Butunloadingcanalsohappenoverlongerperiodsoftime

duetoheatingiceormeltingglaciers.Infact,manygeologistsareworriedthatglacialmeltcaused

byclimatechangecouldincreasevolcanicactivity.

Unfortunately,knowingwhatcauseseruptionsdoesn'tmakethemeasytopredict.While

scientistscanroughlydeterminethestrengthandweightoftheEarth9scrust（地壳）,thedepthand

heatofmagmachambersmakesmeasuringchangesinmagmastaticpressureverydifficult.But

volcanologistsareconstantlyexploringnewtechnologytoovercomethisrockyfield.Advancesin

thermalimaging（热成像）haveallowedscientiststodetectundergroundhotspots.Spectrometerscan

analyzegasesescapingmagma.Hopefully,thesetoolswillhelpusbetterunderstandthesegasbreaks

andtheirexplosiveeruptions.

9.Whydoestheauthormentionthestoryofafarmerinthefirstparagraph?

A.Toshowthepowerofvolcanoeruption.

B.Tointroducethetopic.

C.TointroducethevolcanoParicutin.

D.Toexplainthereason.

10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"they"inparagraph2referto?

A.ThebubblesofCO2.

B.Theashofthevolcano.

C.Gasbubblesofcompounds.

D.Theelementsofasoda.

11.WhichofthefollowingistrueabouttheeruptionofMountSt.Helens?

A.Landslidesshouldberesponsiblefbritseruption.

Bitbegantoexplodeoveralongperiodoftime.

C.Theprocessof“unloading”occurredafteritsexplosion.

D.Theweightoftherockaboveitincreasedastocauseitseruption.

12.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

A.Scientistscandeterminetheeruptionofthevolcanoinadvance.

B.ItisquitedifficulttomeasuretheweightoftheEarth'scrust.

C.Spectrometerscanhelpscientiststodetectundergroundhotspots.

D.Scientistsarepositiveaboutfurtherstudyofvolcanoeruption.

解析：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是火山爆发的原因。

9.B解析推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，第一段提到一个农民的故事是为了引出火

山喷发的原因这个主题。

10.C解析词句猜测题。根据第二段的“Athighenoughconcentrations,compoundslike

waterorsulfur（硫）formhigh-pressuregasbubbles.Whentheseballsofgasreachthesurface

及they后的“canburstwiththeforceofagunshotw可知，是气泡会爆炸,they指的是水或硫这

样的化合物形成的高压气泡，即Gasbubblesofcompoundso

ll.A解析细节理解题。根据第三段的“Landslidescanremove...explosionofMount

StHelensin1980」可知，山体滑坡应该对圣海伦斯火山的爆发负责。

12.D解析推理判断题。根据最后一段的aSpectrometerscananalyzegasesescaping

magma.HopefuIly,thesetoolswillhelpusbetterunderstandthesegasbreaksandtheir

explosiveeruptions.w可推断出,科学家们对火山爆发的进一步研究持积极态度。

PassageG

Ican'tprovethis,butI'msureifstruernobodyontheirdeathbedeverwishedthey9dspent

moretimewatchingtelevision.Lifeisshortandtherearetoomanyactivitiesthataremoreimportant

andfulfillingthansittinginfrontofatelevisionforhoursonend.That'snottosuggestyoushould

removetelevisionfromyourlifecompletely.ButFvecometoseeitassomethingbestplacedatthe

edgeoflife,ratherthanthecenter.

Ididn'talwaysfeelthatway.Infact,therewasaperiodinmylifewhenIwastednearlysix

hoursofmydaywatchingtelevisionandwatchedtillIfellasleepnearmidnight.Eighthours

later,rdwakeupwiththeTVstillon,feelingnomorerestedthanwhenIwenttosleep.Whenyou

dothemath,it'srathershocking.Sixhoursperdayaddsupto2,190hoursoverthecourseofa

year,whichequatestoabout91days.

AlthoughIfailedtorecognizeitatthetime,ifsclearnowthatwatchingTVhadbecomea

fuU・blown（全部）addictionformeltwasawaythatIusedtodistractmyselffromthe

problems,fearsandchallengesIwasrefusingtodealwithinmylife.Iusedtelevisiontodistract

fromtheshame,embarrassmentandstressIfeltaboutsomeirresponsiblefinancialdecisionsand

theirresultingfallout.Iusedittoavoidfacingmyfearofsteppingoutintotheworldmore

fully,connectingwithothersandpursuingthehigherpurposetowhichmysoulwasbeingcalled.I

usedittocopewithboredomandfillthespaceofanotherwiseemptylife.

Inshort,mylifewasamessandmyself-esteem（自尊）wasshort,andwhileTVmayhave

providedashort-termescapefromthatreality,itkeptmelockedwithinit.

Luckily,nowInolongerlivesuchalife.SohowdidImakeit?

l.Whatdoestheunderlinedpartinparagraph2mean?

A.Theauthordidn'talwayslovewatchingTV.

B.TheauthorusedtoplaceTVatthecenterofherlife.

C.Theauthoralwaysfeltpositive.

D.Theauthorusedtothinklifewasverylong.

2.WhydidtheauthorspendmostofhertimewatchingTVinthepast?

A.Tohaveagoodrestathome.

B.Tolearnabouttherealworld.

C.Togetawayfromherproblems.

D.Togetridofherbadhabits.

3.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthornow?

A.Sheleadsaverysimplelife.

B.Shelivesamorefulfillinglife.

C.ShewatchesTVforhourseveryday.

D.Shelikescommunicatingwithothers.

4.Whatwouldthenextparagraphsprobablybeabout?

A.WhywatchingTVisharmful.

B.Howtoliveamorefulfillinglife.

C.Whattheauthordoesinherdailylifenow.

D.HowtheauthorovercameherTVaddiction.

解析：本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者曾经沉溺于电视来逃避现实的经历。

1.B解析句意猜测题。根据第二段中“Infact,therewasaperiodinmylifewhenI

wastednearlysixhoursofmydaywatchingtelevisionandwatchedtillIfellasleepnear

midnight."可知，作者曾将大部分的时间都投入到电视之中。画线句子的意思是作者曾把电视

当成生活的中心。

2.C解析细节理解题。根据第三段中“ItwasawaythatIusedtodistractmyselffrom

theproblems...fallout.w可知，作者曾经沉迷于电视来逃避她的问题。

3.B解析细节理解题。根据最后一段中aLuckily,nowInolongerlivesuchalife.w可

知，现在作者过着更充实的生活。

4.D解析推理判断题。根据最后一段中“SohowdidImakeit?（那我是怎么做到的呢?）”

可知，接下来作者想要讲述她是如何克服电视瘾的。

PassageH

Bicycleridinghastakentheworldbystorm.Bicyclesaretypicallymadeofsteelor

aluminum（铝）butnowthereisauniquecompanythatisgrowingbikesontreesJiterally.These

bicyclesaremadeofBritishgrownashtreesbyWelshmakerAndyDix.HisHay-on-Wye

company,TwmpaFrames,ismakingbikesthatareofhighperformanceandenvironmentally

sustainable.

“It'sgreattopushformorebikesandfewercarsontheroad,butthere'snoescapingthefact

thatthebikeindustryasawholeisprettyenergyintensive,vDixtoldCyclingIndustry/Tvealways

triedtominimizeenvironmentalimpactinmywork.Ratherthanrelyingonheavily-processed

metals,orlayersofplasticthatwillonedayendupinlandfill,Fmbuildingbikesfromcaptured

carbon,inaprocesspoweredbysunlight.^^

Ittooktwoyearstobuildtheprototype（雏形）thatwasmadefromashwood.Dixtestedthe

woodenbikeontheroughestroadshecouldfindanddiscoveredthatitwascomfortable,durable,and

excellentatabsorbingshakes.Heputmorethan3,000milesonthebike.Dixexplained/!was

runningalongbatteredroadsthatwouldhaveshakenmetobitsonanaluminumbike.Thepenny

dropped.NotonlycouldImakeabikeoutofwood,butithadinherentadvantagesoverother

materials.^^

Thoughcuttingdowntreescanaddtomorecarbonintheatmosphere,sustainabletreefarming

ispossible.DixsaidthatmanufacturingaBritishtonneofaluminumresultsincarbonemissionsof

4,532kgwhileproducingatonneofwoodonlyemits457kg.Currently,thecostofanewTwmpa

Cycleis