江西师范大学外国语学院211翻译硕士英语专业硕士历年考研真题及详解

目录

2014年江西师范大学外国语学院211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解

2015年江西师范大学外国语学院211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解

2017年江西师范大学外国语学院211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解

2018年江西师范大学外国语学院211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解

2014年江西师范大学外国语学院

211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解

I.Vocabulary:(1×1,10points)

Direction:ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

ChoosetheONEthatbestcompletesthesentence.

1.—Why,thisisnothingbutcommonvegetablesoup!

—_____,madam.Thisisoursoupoftheday.

A.Letmesee

B.Soitis

C.Don’tmentionit

D.NeitherdoI

【答案】B

【解析】根据“哎呀，这只是普通的蔬菜汤！”这句话来判断，顾客是在

抱怨，而答语是服务员对顾客的话做了“确认”回答，“确实如此，这就

是我们今天的汤”。

2.Thecouple_____theiroldhouseandsolditforavastprofit.

A.didfor

B.didin

C.didwith

D.didup

【答案】D

【解析】句意：这对夫妇修理了旧房子，然后卖了高价。doup刷新；修

缮。dofor适合。doin欺骗；搞垮。

3.—Mother,youpromisedtotakemeout.

—Well._____

A.SoIdid!

B.SodidI.

C.SoIdo!

D.SodoI.

【答案】A

【解析】第一个人抱怨妈妈说话不算数，第二句话用了一个语气词well

表明她承认自己曾经许诺过这事。“so+主语+助动词”表示说话人认同对

方的看法。

4.Rumorsareeverywhere,spreadingfear,damagingreputations,andturning

calmsituationsinto_____ones.

A.turbulent

B.tragic

C.vulnerable

D.suspicious

【答案】A

【解析】句意：谣言无处不在，散布恐惧，损毁名誉，把平静的局势弄

得十分动荡。根据“o”可知，空白处单词应该与calm意思相反。

turbulent混乱的。vulnerable易受攻击的。suspicious可疑的。

5.Thestudentsaidtherewereafewpointsintheessayhe_____impossible

tocomprehend.

A.hasfound

B.wasfinding

C.hadfound

D.wouldfind

【答案】C

【解析】句意：这个学生说，他发现这篇文章里有几点很难理解。这句

话中“发现”这个动作发生在“said”之前，因此应该用过去完成时。

6.Overpopulationposesaterriblethreattothehumanrace.Yetitisprobably

_____athreattothehumanracethanenvironmentaldestruction.

A.nomore

B.notmore

C.evenmore

D.muchmore

【答案】B

【解析】句意：人口过剩对人类构成了可怕的威胁。然而这可能不仅是

对人类的威胁，更是对于环境的破坏。用于比较两件事物时，nomore

...than表示对两者都否定，意为“同……一样不”。而notmore...than指两

者虽都具有某种特征，但程度不同，意为“不如”“不及”。

7.Thedeclineof_____andgoodmannersmaybeworryingpeoplemore

thancrime,accordingtoGentilityRecalled,editedbyDigbyAnderson,

whichlamentsthebreakdownoftraditionalcodesthatonceregulatedsocial

conduct.

A.politeness

B.civilization

C.civility

D.greeting

【答案】C

【解析】这句话中，空白处应该与and后的“goodmanners”意思相近。

civility礼貌；礼仪。

8.Anewlaptopcostsabout_____ofasecond-handone.

A.thepriceofthreetimes

B.threetimestheprice

C.asmuchasthethreetimesprice

D.threetimesmorethantheprice

【答案】B

【解析】此题考查倍数的表达方法。①倍数+thesize/height/length/width.

etc.+of+其他。②倍数+as+形容词或副词的原级+as+其他。③倍数+形

容词（或副词）的比较级+than+其他。

9.Thegovernmentisadvising_____asameansofimprovingthepresent

economicsituation.

A.thrift

B.frugal

C.thrifty

D.thrive

【答案】A

【解析】句意：政府建议节俭作为改善目前经济状况的一种手段。thrift

节俭；节约。frugal节俭的；朴素的。thrifty节约的；茂盛的。thrive繁

荣，兴旺。

10.Theydislikedeachothertoomuchtomeet,sotheyconductedalltheir

businessthroughan_____.

A.intermediary

B.interloper

C.interlocutor

D.interpreter

【答案】A

【解析】句意：他们彼此不愿相见，有事均通过中间人处理。

intermediary中间人。interloper闯入者。interlocutor对话者。

Ⅱ.Cloze(1×1,20points)

Directions:Foreachnumberedblankinthefollowingpassage,therearefour

choicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosethebestoneandmarkyouransweron

ANSWERSHEETwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.

Howmenfirstlearnedtoinventwordsisunknown;inotherwords,theorigin

oflanguageisamystery.Allwereallyknowisthatmen,unlikeanimals,

somehowinventedcertain(11)______toexpressthoughtsandfeelings,

actionsandthings,(12)______theycouldcommunicatewitheachother;and

thatlatertheyagreed(13)______certainsigns,calledletters,whichcouldbe

writtentorepresentthosesounds,andwhichcouldbe(14)______.Those

sounds,whetherspoken,orwritteninletters,wecallwords.

Thepowerofwords,then,liesintheir(15)______—thethingstheybringup

beforeourminds.Wordsbecome(16)______withmeaningforusby

experience;(17)______thelongerwelive,themorecertainwords

(18)______tousthehappyandsadeventsofourpast:andthemorewe

(19)______,themorethenumberofwordsthatmeansomethingtous

(20)______.

11.A.sounds

B.gestures

C.signs

D.movements

12.A.suchthat

B.asthat

C.sothat

D.inthat

13.A.in

B.with

C.of

D.upon

14.A.writtendown

B.handeddown

C.remembered

D.observed

15.A.functions

B.associations

C.roles

D.links

16.A.filled

B.full

C.live

D.active

17.A.but

B.or

C.yet

D.and

18.A.reappear

B.recall

C.remember

D.recollect

19.A.readandthink

B.readandrecall

C.readandlearn

D.readandrecite

20.A.raises

B.increases

C.improves

D.emerges

【答案与解析】

11.A根据第一段倒数第二句中“thosesounds”可知，该空应该

填“sounds”。

12.C这句话前半句“人类发出声音来表达想法和感受”与后半句“他们可

以互相交流”之间是因果关系，因此应该填sothat。

13.D句意：后来，他们在某些符号方面达成了一致意见。agreeupon

对……取得一致意见。agreein对……表示同意。

14.A根据前半句中“whichcouldbewrittento...”及下一句中“writtenin

letters”可知，该空应该填“writtendown”。

15.B句意：话语的力量在于他们的关联——他们在我们脑海中所引发

的东西。根据破折号后的内容可知该空应该填“associations”。

16.A此处考查的是固定搭配“be/becomefilledwith”，意思是“被……充

满”。

17.D空白处所在句子与其前一句表达的是类似意思，并没有转折，因

此应该填and。

18.B此题考查的是固定搭配。recalltomind回想起，回忆起。

19.C句意：我们读的越多，学的越多，对我们有意义的字词的数量就

会越多。

20.B这句话的主语为“thenumberofwords”，应该与increase搭配。

Ⅲ.ReadingComprehension(1×2,30points)

Directions:Thereare3passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedby

somequestionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachofthemtherearefour

choicesmarkedA.,B.,C.andD..Youshoulddecideonthebestchoiceand

writetheanswerontheAnswerSheet.

PassageOne

Questions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Forgatheringdataaboutindividualsorgroupsatdifferentdevelopmental

levels,researcherscanusetworelatedresearchdesigns:longitudinaland

cross-sectional.

Alongitudinalstudyisonethatmeasuresabehaviororacharacteristicofan

individualoveraperiodoftime,perhapsdecades.Anexampleofsucha

studyistheBerkeleyGrowthStudybegunin1928byNancyBayley.The

studyfocusedonagroupof74white,middle-classnewborns.Astheygrew

older,extensivemeasuresoftheirintellectual,personality,andmotor

developmentwererecorded.Thesubjectswerestudiedformorethanthirty

years.

Thelongitudinalresearchdesignisapowerfultechniqueforseeking

understandingsoftheeffectsofearlyexperiencesonlaterdevelopment.Also,

differencesinorstabilityofbehaviorsorcharacteristicsatdifferentagescan

bedetermined.Longitudinalstudies,however,areexpensivetoconduct,

time-consuming,andheavilycontingentonthepatienceandpersistenceof

theresearchers.Thefindingsofalongitudinalstudymaybejeopardizedby

relocationofsubjectstoanotherpartofthecountryandbyboredomor

irritationatrepeatedtesting.Anotherdisadvantageisthatsocietychanges

fromonetimetoanotherandthesubjectsparticipatinginthestudyreflectto

somedegreesuchchanges.Themethodsofstudyorthequestionsguidingthe

researchersmayalsochangefromonetimetoanother.Ifproperlyconducted,

however,longitudinalstudiescanproduceuseful,directinformationabout

development.

Across-sectionalstudyisoneinwhichsubjectsofdifferingagesareselected

andcomparedonaspecificbehaviororcharacteristic.Theyarealikewith

respecttosocioeconomicstatus,sex,oreducationallevel.Forexample,a

researchermaybeinterestedinlookingatchangesinintelligenceovera

thirty-yearperiod.Threegroupsofsubjects,agesten,twenty,andthirty,may

beselectedandtested.Conclusionsaredrawnfromthetestdata.

Thecross-sectionalresearchdesignhastheclearadvantageofbeingless

expensivetoconductandcertainlylesstime-consuming.Themajor

disadvantageisthatdifferentindividualswhomakeupthestudysamplehave

notbeenobservedovertime.Noinformationaboutpastinfluenceson

developmentoraboutage-relatedchangesissecured.Likelongitudinal

studies,thecross-sectionalmethodscannoterasethegenerationalinfluence

thatexistswhensubjectsstudiedarebornatdifferenttime.Psychologistsare

nowbeginningtouseanapproachthatcombineslongitudinalandcross-

sectionalresearchmethods.

21.WhichofthefollowingisNOToneofthedisadvantagesofalongitudinal

research?

A.Thesubjectsmaybecomeirritatedatrepeatedtesting.

B.Theparticipantsinthestudymaynotstayinoneplaceformanyyears.

C.Thebehaviorofasubjectinthestudymaybemeasuredcontinuouslyfor

manyyears.

D.Socialchangesmaybereflectedinthebehaviorsofthesubjects

participatinginthestudy.

22.Theword“contingent”inthethirdparagraphprobablymeans_____.

A.dependent

B.consecutive

C.determined

D.continual

23.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

A.Thesubjectsinacross-sectionalresearcharenotofthesameagegroup.

B.Themethodsofstudyinlongitudinalresearchwillnotchangeovertime.

C.Longitudinalresearchisreliableonlyinseekingunderstandingsofthe

effectsofearlyexperiencesonlaterdevelopment.

D.Cross-sectionalmethodsarenotusuallyadoptedinstudying,forexample,

thechangesinintelligenceoverathirty-yearperiod.

24.Oneofthedifferencesbetweencross-sectionalresearchandlongitudinal

researchisthat_____.

A.thelatterusuallyfocusesononlyonesubject,whiletheformerinvolves

groupsofsubjects

B.theformercanbefreefromtheinfluenceofsocialchanges

C.thelattercanbefreefromtheinfluenceofsocialchanges

D.theformercostslessmoneyandtakeslesstime

25.WhichofthefollowingstatementisTRUE?

A.Longitudinalstudiesalwaysproduceuseful,directinformationabout

development.

B.ThestudyconductedbyNancyBayleylastedfrom1928to1958.

C.Subjectsofacross-sectionalstudyaredifferentinagebutalikewith

respecttosocioeconomicstatus,sex,oreducationallevel.

D.Longitudinalandcross-sectionalmethodsareusedfordifferentpurposes

thuscan’tbecombinedinresearch.

【答案与解析】

21.CA选项对应文章第三段中的“boredomorirritation”；D选项对应第三

段中的“societychanges”；B选项比较隐晦，文章第三段“participatingin

thestudyreflecttosomedegreesuchchanges”研究参与者反应这些变化，

可以推测出B。而C是纵向研究的特点但未必就是劣势，故选C。

22.A这句话说“纵向研究能否完成取决于研究者的耐心与毅力”，可推

断其与dependent意思相同。contingent意为“视条件而定的”。

23.A根据第四段第一句“across-sectionalstudyisoneinwhichsubjectsof

differingagesareselected”可知A项正确。

24.D第五段第一句说到“Thecross-sectionalresearch…lessexpensiveto

conductandcertainlylesstime-consuming”，因此D项正确。

25.C根据第三段第一句，A选项的前提是“Ifproperlyconducted”，因此

错误。由第二段可知，NancyBayley的研究从1928年开始，持续了“more

thanthirtyyears”，因此B项错误。由倒数第二段前两句可知C项正确。

由最后一段最后一句可知D项错误。

Passagetwo

Questions26to30arebasedonthefollowingpassage,

Apparentlyeveryoneknowsthatglobalwarmingonlymakesclimatemore

extreme.Ahot,drysummerhastriggeredanotherfloodofsuchclaims.And,

whilemanyinterestsareatwork,oneoftheplayersthatbenefitsthemost

fromthisstoryarethemedia:thenotionof“extreme”climatesimplymakes

formorecompellingnews.

ConsiderPaulKrugmanwritingbreathlesslyintheNewYorkTimesabout

the“risingincidenceofextremeevents,”Heclaimsthatglobalwarming

causedthecurrentdroughtinAmerica’sMidwest,andthatsupposedly

record-highcornpricescouldcauseaglobalfoodcrisis.

ButtheUnitedNationsclimatepanel’slatestassessmenttellsuspreciselythe

opposite.For“NorthAmericathereismediumconfidencethattherehasan

overallslighttendencytowardlessdryness”.Moreover,thereisnowaythat

Krugmancouldhaveidentifiedthisdroughtasbeingcausedbyglobal

warmingwithoutatimemachine;Climatemodelsestimatethatsuch

detectionwillbepossibleby2048,attheearliest.

And,fortunately,thisyear’sdroughtappearsunlikelytocauseafoodcrisis,

asglobalriceandwheatsuppliesretainplentiful.Moreover,Krugman

overlooksinflation:Priceshaveincreasedsix-foldsince1969.So,whilecom

futuresdidsetarecordofabout$8perbushelinlateJuly,theinflation-

adjustedpriceofcornwashigherthroughoutmostofthe1970s,reaching516

in1974.

Finally,Krugmanconvenientlyforgetsthatconcernsaboutglobalwarming

arethemainreasonthatcornpriceshaveskyrocketedsince2005.Nowadays

40percentofcorngrownintheUnitedStatesisusedtoproduceethanol,

whichdoesabsolutelynothingfortheclimate,butcertainlydistortstheprice

ofcorn—attheexpenseofmanyoftheworld’spoorestpeople.

BillMickbbensimilarlyworriesinTheGuardianabouttheMidwestdrought

andcornprices.HeconfidentlytellsusthatragingwildfiresfromNew

MexicoandColoradotoSiberiaare“exactly”whattheearlystagesofglobal

warminglooklike.

Infact,thelatestoverviewofglobalwildfiresuggeststhatfireintensityhas

declinedoverthepast70yearsandisnowclosetoitspreindustriallevel.

Whenwell-meaningcampaignerswantustopayattentiontoglobalwarming,

theyoftenenduppitchingbeyondthefacts.And,whilethismayseem

justifiedbyanoblegoal,such“policybypeople”tacticsrarelywork,and

oftenbackfire.

Rememberhow,inthewakeofHurricaneKatrinain2005,AIGoreclaimed

thatwewereinstoreforevermoredestructivehurricanes?Sincethen,

hurricaneincidencehasdroppedoffthecharts.Exaggeratedclaimsmerely

fuelpublicdistrustanddisengagement.

Thatisunfortunate,becauseglobalwarmingisarealproblem,andwedo

needto,addressit.

26.Inwhatwaydothemediabenefitfromextremeweather?

A.Theycanattractpeople’sattentiontotheirreports.

B.Theycanchoosefromagreatervarietyoftopics.

C.Theycanmakethemselvesbetterknown.

D.Theycangivevoicetodifferentviews.

27.Whatistheauthor’scommentonKurgan’sclaimaboutthecurrent

droughtinAmerica’sMidwest?

A.Atimemachineisneededtotestifytoitstruth.

B.Itisbasedonanerroneousclimatemodel.

C.Itwilleventuallygetproofin2048.

D.Thereisnowaytoproveitsvalidity.

28.Whatisthechiefreasonfortheriseincornpricesaccordingtothe

author?

A.Demandforfoodhasbeenrisinginthedevelopingcountries.

B.Aconsiderableportionofcornisusedtoproducegreenfuel.

C.Climatechangehascausedcornyieldstodropmarkedly.

D.Inflationrateshavebeenskyrocketingsincethe1970s.

29.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutglobalwildfireincidenceoverthepast70

years?

A.Ithasgotworsewiththeriseinextremeweathers.

B.Itsignalstheearlystagesofglobalwarming.

C.Ithasdroppedgreatly.

D.Itisrelatedtodrought.

30.Whatdoestheauthorthinkoftheexaggeratedclaimsinthemediaabout

globalwarming?

A.Theyarestrategiestoraisepublicawareness.

B.Theydoadisservicetoaddressingtheproblem.

C.Theyaggravatepublicdistrustaboutscience.

D.Theycreateconfusionaboutclimatechange.

【答案与解析】

26.A第一段最后一句说到“thenotionof‘extreme’climatesimplymakes

formorecompellingnews”，由此可见，极端天气可以给媒体带来更引人

注目的报道。

27.D由第三段“thereisnowaythatKrugmancouldhaveidentified...”可

知，作者认为没有办法证明Krugman的断言的有效性。

28.B第五段中说到“concernsaboutglobalwarming”是玉米价格飞涨的主

要原因，如今美国40%的玉米用于生产乙醇，后果是“certainlydistorts

thepriceofcorn”，因此B项正确。

29.C倒数第四段说到“fireintensityhasdeclinedoverthepast70years”，

因此C项正确。

30.B由倒数第三段可知，作者认为这些夸张言论“rarelywork,andoften

backfire”，因此B项正确。

Passage3

Questions31to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage

Formostofthe20thcentury,Asiaaskeditselfwhatitcouldlearnfromthe

modern,innovatingWest.Nowthequestionmustbereversed:whatcanthe

West’soverlyindebtedandsluggishnationslearnfromaflourishingAsia?

Justafewdecadesago,Asia’stwogiantswerestagnatingunderfaulty

economicideologies.However,onceChinabeganembracingfree-market

reformsinthe1980s,followedbyIndiainthe1990s,bothcountriesachieved

rapidgrowth.Crucially,astheyopeneduptheirmarkets,theybalanced

marketeconomywithsensiblegovernmentdirection.AstheIndian

economistAmartyaSenhaswiselysaid,theinvisiblehandofthemarkethas

oftenreliedheavilyonthevisiblehandofgovernment.

ContrastthismiddlepathwithAmericaandEurope,whichhaveeachgone

ideologicallyoverboardintheirownways.Sincethe1980s,Americahas

beenincreasinglyclingingtotheideologyofuncontrolledfreemarketsand

dismissingtheroleofgovernment—followingRonaldReagan’sideathat—

governmentisnotthesolutiontoourproblem;governmentistheproblem.

Ofcourse,whenthemarketscamecrashingdownin2007,itwasdecisive

governmentinterventionthatsavedtheday.Despitethisfact,many

Americansarestillstronglyopposedto“biggovernment”.

IfAmericanscouldonlyfreethemselvesfromtheirantigovernmentdoctrine,

rileywouldbegintoseethatAmerica’sproblemsarenotinsoluble.Afew

sensiblefederalmeasurescouldputthecountrybackontherightpath.A

simpleconsumptiontaxof,say,5%wouldsignificantlyreducethecountry’s

hugegovernmentdeficitwithoutdamagingproductivity.Asmallgasolinetax

wouldhelpfreeAmericafromitsdependenceonoilimportsandcreate

incentivesforgreenenergydevelopment.Inthesameway,asignificant

reductionofwastefulagriculturalsubsidiescouldalsolowerthedeficit.But

inordertotakeadvantageofthesecommon-sensesolutions,Americanswill

havetoputasidetheirownattachmenttotheideaofsmallergovernmentand

lessregulation.Americanpoliticianswillhavetodevelopthecourageto

followwhatistaughtinallAmericanpublic-policyschools:thatthereare

goodtaxesandbadtaxes.Asiancountrieshaveembracedthiswisdom,and

havebuiltsoundlong-termfiscalpoliciesasaresult.

Meanwhile,Europehasfallenpreytoadifferentideologicaltrap:thebelief

thatEuropeangovernmentswouldalwayshaveinfiniteresourcesandcould

continueborrowingasiftherewerenotomorrow.UnliketheAmericans,who

feltthatthemarketsknewbest,theEuropeansfailedtoanticipatehowthe

marketswouldreacttotheirendlessborrowing.Today,theEuropeanUnion

iscreatinga$580billionfundtowardoffsovereigncollapse.Thiswillbuy

theEUtime,butitwillnotsolvethebloc’slargerproblem.

31.WhathascontributedtotherapideconomicgrowthinChinaandIndia?

A.Freemarketplusgovernmentintervention.

B.Heavyrelianceonthehandofgovernment.

C.Copyingwestern-styleeconomicbehavior.

D.Timelyreformofgovernmentatalllevels.

32.WhatdoesRonaldReaganmeanbysaying—governmentistheproblem?

A.Governmentactioniskeytosolvingeconomicproblems.

B.Manysocialproblemsarisefromgovernmentinefficiency.

C.Manysocialillsarecausedbywronggovernmentpolicies.

D.Governmentregulationhinderseconomicdevelopment.

33.WhatstoppedtheAmericaneconomyfromcollapsingin2007?

A.Cooperationbetweenthegovernmentandbusinesses.

B.Self-regulatoryrepairmechanismsofthefreemarket.

C.Effectivemeasuresadoptedbythegovernment.

D.Abandonmentofbiggovernmentbythepublic.

34.Whatistheauthor’ssuggestiontotheAmericanpublicinfaceofthe

governmentdeficit?

A.Theygiveuptheideaofsmallergovernmentandlessregulation.

B.Theyputupwiththeinevitablesharpincreaseofdifferenttaxes.

C.Theyurgethegovernmenttoreviseitsexistingpublicpolicies.

D.Theydevelopgreenenergytoavoiddependenceonoilimport.

35.WhatistheproblemwiththeEuropeanUnion?

A.Conservativeideology.

B.Excessiveborrowing.

C.Lackofresources.

D.Shrinkingmarket.

【答案与解析】

31.A由第二段可知，中国与印度经济繁荣的原因是“balancedmarket

economywithsensiblegovernmentdirection”，因此A项正确。

32.D第三段中提到美国越来越坚持不受控制的自由市场的意识形态，

而摒弃了政府的作用。这一特点是追随罗纳德·里根说的这句话，因此

他的这句话意在否定政府在市场调节中的作用。

33.C由第四段可知，“itwasdecisivegovernmentinterventionthatsaved

theday”，因此C项正确。

34.A倒数第二段提出了一些解决财政赤字的措施，后面说到要使这些

措施奏效，美国人必须“putasidetheirownattachmenttotheideaof

smallergovernmentandlessregulation”，因此A项正确。

35.B由最后一段可知，欧盟的问题在于“thebeliefthatEuropean

governmentswouldalwayshaveinfiniteresourcesandcouldcontinue

borrowingasiftherewerenotomorrow”，因此B项正确。

Ⅳ.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish(20points)

中华传统节日顺天时而成俗，形成于农业文明时期。人类在自然条件下

进行生产活动，与季节、物候、天文等自然现象和规律关系非常密切。

传统年节体系兼顾太阳、月亮与地球、人类的关系，同农耕社会民众劳

逸结合的需要相适应，依照自然节律，适应气候周期的规律，形成时间

框架：中国年是自然时序更新的一个周期，隆冬休闲之后，一元复始万

象更新，燃起新的希望。元宵节是过年的压轴戏，狂欢热闹一番就投入

新的劳作。清明时节春意盎然生机勃发，在春播春种之时感谢先人和大

自然赐给生命和生机。端午节天气渐热百虫孳生，及时送灾驱疫、健身

保平安。

【参考译文】

Conformingtonaturalclimate,Chinesetraditionalfestivalsbecameacustom

andformedintheperiodofagriculturalcivilization.Humanisengagedin

productiveactivitiesinthenature,whichhascloserelationshipwithseason,

phenology,astronomyandothernaturalphenomenaandlaws.Takingthe

relationshipbetweenthesun,themoonandtheearthandthehumaninto

account,thetraditionalfestivalsystemiscompatiblewiththeneedsofpeople

infarmingsociety,andadaptstothelawsofclimatecycleaccordingtothe

naturalrhythm.Thetimeframeofthetraditionalfestivalsystemisas

follows:TheSpringFestivalisthebeginningofanaturalupdatecycle.After

thewinter,withanewyearbeginning,everythingisfreshagainandnew

hopecomes.TheLanternFestivalisthefinaleoftheNewYear’splay,during

whichpeoplerejoicewithwildexcitementandthenplungeintoanewround

ofwork.DuringtimeofTomb-sweepingDay,springisintheair.Beforethe

springsowing,peoplewillshowgratitudetotheirancestorsforgivingthem

lifeandtonatureforgivingvitality.Weatherisgettinghotandinsectsbegin

breedingduringTheDragon-BoatFestival,peoplewilltimelyprevent

disaster,driveepidemicawayandkeepfit.

【解析】

①本题考查的是段落翻译，在翻译之前要通读这一段，把握其大意和语

言特征。

②第一句中“天时”指的是宜于做某事的自然气候条件，因此可译

为“naturalclimate”。

③第三句话中有多个动词，应判断每个短句之间的逻辑关系，将一些短

句译为从句或状语。“形成时间框架”可单独成句。

④“中国年”即春节。一元复始指的是新的一年开始。“春意盎然”可译

为“springisintheair”。

⑤物候phenology。压轴戏finale。狂欢rejoicewithwildexcitement。

Ⅴ.Writing(20points)

Direction:youaretowriteacompositionabout300wordsonthefollowing

topic:ImportanceofHolisticHealth.Inthefirstpartofyourwritingyou

shouldpresentyourthesisstatement,andinthesecondpart,youshould

supportthethesiswithappropriatedetails.Inthelastpart,youshouldbring

whatyouhavewrittentoanaturalconclusionwithasummary.

【参考范文】

ImportanceofHolisticHealth

Holistichealthisaconceptinmedicalpracticeupholdingthatallaspectsof

people’sneeds,psychological,physicalandsocial,andmentallyshouldbe

takenintoaccountandseenasawhole.Theconceptofholistichealthisvery

important,becauseitgivespeoplenewsightinhumanhealthandresultsina

holisticapproach.

Holistichealthisbasedonthelawofnaturethatawholeismadeupof

interdependentparts.Peoplebegintoseehumanbodyasawholeinsteadof

detachedparts.Theearthismadeupofsystems,suchasair,land,water,

plantsandanimals.Inthesameway,anindividualisawholemadeupof

interdependentparts,whicharethephysical,mental,emotional,andspiritual.

Whenonepartisnotworkingatitsbest,itimpactsallofotherparts.

Furthermore,thewholeperson,includingalloftheparts,isconstantly

interactingwitheverythinginthesurroundingenvironment.

Anotherreasonwhyholistichealthisimportantisthatitprovidespeoplea

newapproachintherapy.Aholisticapproachtohealinggoesbeyondjust

eliminatingsymptoms.Eventhoughtheirritationiseliminated,thereal

problemstillexists.Inholisticmedicine,asymptomisconsideredamessage

thatsomethingneedsattention.So,thesymptomisusedasaguidetolook

belowthesurfacefortherootcause.Thenwhatreallyneedsattentioncanbe

confirmed.

HolisticHealthisnotitselfamethodoftreatment,butanapproachtohow

treatmentshouldbeapplied.Holisticconceptsofhealthandfitnessview

achievingandmaintaininggoodhealthasrequiringmorethanjusttakingcare

ofthevarioussingularcomponentsthatmakeupthephysicalbody,

additionallyincorporatingaspectssuchasemotionalandspiritualwell-being.

Thegoalisawellnessthatencompassestheentireperson,ratherthanjust

eliminatingphysicalpainordisease.

【解析】

本题要求就“ImportanceofHolisticHealth”这一话题写一篇300字左右的

文章。“HolisticHealth”指的是整体健康。

本文在第一段给出了holistichealth的定义，即整体健康是医疗实践中的

一个概念，它主张人们的需要、心理、身体、社会和精神的各个方面都

应该考虑，并视为一个整体。并指出其重要性在于给了人们全新的视角

来看待人类健康，并且带来了新的整体治疗方法。第二段和第三段分别

对这两个重要性进行了进一步说明。第四段进行了总结，并指出整体健

康本身不是一种治疗方法，而是一种应如何应用治疗的方法。

2015年江西师范大学外国语学院

211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解

Ⅰ.Vocabulary:(1×1,10points)

Direction:Foreachunderlinedwordorphrase,choosethebestalternativeA,

B,CorD.undereach.

1.Itsremovalwillresultinthecessationofthataction.

A.continuity

B.pause

C.beginning

D.ending

【答案】B

【解析】句意：它的移除将导致该动作的停止。cessation停止；中止。

continuity连续性。

2.Itisdifficulttoappraisethevalueoftheoldpaintings.

A.speakhighlyof

B.comment

C.criticize

D.estimate

【答案】D

【解析】句意：很难估计这些古画的价值。appraise鉴定；估价。speak

highlyof赞扬。

3.Yourrecordoflatenessandabsencewillmilitateagainstyourchancesof

promotion.

A.workagainst

B.fightagainst

C.reduce

D.increase

【答案】A

【解析】句意：你的迟到和缺勤记录会妨碍你的晋升。militateagainst妨

碍，对……产生不利影响。workagainst对……产生消极影响。

4.Apoormemoryfrustratedhiseffortstobeanactor.

A.encouraged

B.defeated

C.fulfilled

D.accomplished

【答案】B

【解析】句意：糟糕的记忆力使他成为演员的努力受挫。frustrate挫败；

阻挠。defeat击败；挫败。

5.Thematureadultmodifieshisreactionbyobtaininginformation,

interpretingitandexaminingconsequences.

A.models

B.changes

C.adjusts

D.forms

【答案】C

【解析】句意：成熟的成年人通过获取信息、解释信息和检查后果来调

整自己的反应。modify修改。

6.Cognitivelearningissimilarlymanifestedintheprocessoflanguage

acquisition.

A.obscured

B.clarified

C.showed

D.cleared

【答案】C

【解析】句意：认知学习同样体现在语言习得过程中。manifest表明；显

示。

7.Man’saspirationsshouldbeasloftyasstars.

A.ideals

B.purposes

C.nobleambitions

D.motivations

【答案】C

【解析】句意：人的志向应该像星辰一样高远。aspiration渴望；抱负。

nobleambition宏伟的抱负。lofty高的；崇高的。

8.Iamafraidthatthisstatementwillinstigatearevolt.

A.provoke

B.deter

C.end

D.endin

【答案】A

【解析】句意：恐怕这句话会引起叛乱。instigate唆使；煽动。revolt反

抗；叛乱。provoke激起；引起。deter制止，阻止。

9.Thereportdoesnotdifferentiatethetwoaspectsoftheproblem.

A.distinguish

B.explainthedifferenceof

C.demonstrate

D.illustrate

【答案】A

【解析】句意：这份报告没有区分问题的两个方面。differentiate区分，

区别。

10.Thelittlechildbabbledaboutherdoll.

A.murmured

B.spokeendlessly

C.chatteredidly

D.spokegently

【答案】B

【解析】句意：这个小孩喋喋不休地说她的洋娃娃。babble喋喋不休。

II.Cloze(1×1,20points)

Directions:Foreachnumberedblankinthefollowingpassage,therearefour

choicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosethebestoneandmarkyouransweron

ANSWERSHEETwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.

Formanypeo