第二三课征服“要你命”的词组搭配讲义-高考英语一轮复习

征服“要你命”的搭配1．如何搞定固定搭配？Sb.Lookforward(todoingsth/sth.)doingsth/sth)to:不定式todo；介词+名词期望做某事to不定式/介词固定搭配是什么？两件事搭配到一起。把两个东西拆开来。没有固定搭配，只有习惯用法。首先拆分理解，然后合并玩耍。about:关于，环绕beangryaboutsb.beangry(aboutsth./doingsth.)ex：Thebookis(aboutstudy).Abirdisflying(aboutthebush).beanxiousabout为…担心；对…焦急becarefulabout当心…;注意…becertainabout对…确信becuriousabout对…感到好奇bedisappointedabout对…感到失望beexcitedabout对…感到兴奋begladabout对…感到高兴behappyabout对…感到高兴behopefulabout对…抱有希望bemadabout迷恋…；对…狂人benervousabout对…感到紧张besadabout对…感到难过beseriousabout对…是认真的besureabout对…有把握beworriedabout对…感到担心beparticularabout对…讲究；对…挑剔两招击杀搭配：拆分理解意思（关键是介词）组合掌握用法（跟什么词搭配，词要变成什么形式）2.如何搞定固定搭配中的常见介词和副词？关于26种介词【原始含义】在外延附近【引申含义】【prep】（1）关于relatingtoeg:abook(aboutancientGreece)Idon’tknow(whatyouaretalkingabout).（2）在…四处aroundeg:Wewandered(aboutthetown)(foranhourorso).wonder（3）在…附近neareg:Theyaren’tseen(abouthereveryoften).【adv】（1）在…四处aroundeg:Thechildrenwererushingabout(inthegarden).（2）在附近neareg:Thereisnofoodabout.（3）大约orsoeg:Itis(about10’oclock).Itcosts(about500dollars).【常见搭配】作介词时的搭配：一、动词+（about+名词）argue（aboutsth）争论某事Theyarearguing(abouttheanswer)(tothequestion).care(aboutsb/sth)关心…;对…感兴趣learn(aboutsth)得知某事think(aboutsth)考虑…wonder(aboutsb/sth)对…好奇二、名词1+（about+名词2）concern(aboutsb./sth)对…的关心/关怀curiosity(aboutsb./sth)对…的好奇becuriousaboutityn.identitydoubt(aboutsb./sth)对…的怀疑enthusiasm(aboutsth)对…的热情enthusiasticrmation(aboutsb./sth)关于…的信息remark/view/opinion(aboutsth)对…的评论/观点/意见三、be+adj+（about+名词）beanxious/nervous(aboutsth)为…而忧虑becrazy/mad/wild(aboutsth)对…痴狂besorry(aboutsth)对…感到抱歉beserious(aboutsth)对…认真作副词时的搭配：一、名词+动词+about1)stheabout某事发生2）sb.wander/walkabout某人四处走【原始含义】在…上方【引申含义】【prep】在…上方overeg:Thesunrose（abovethehorizon）.2）(数量、地位、声音、重要性等)高于…superiorto,beyond,morethan,greaterthaneg:TheChinesevaluedpearls（abovegold）.eg:Youcanalwayshearhervoice(aboveeverybodyelse’s).【常见搭配】一、动词+（above+名词）live(aboveone’sine)入不敷出地生活putA(aboveB)把A看得比B更重要rise(abovesth)克服…Heroseabovehispain/badluck/difficulties.cross【原始含义】在表面穿过【引申含义】【prep】穿过fromonesidetotheothersideofstheg:Idrawalineacrossthepage.eg:Agrinspread(acrossherface).在…对面ontheothersideofsth.eg:There’saschoolrightacrossthestreet.遍及…ineverypartofsth.eg：ThepopularTVseriesspreadacrossAmerica.【常见搭配】动词+（across+名词）Ae(acrossB)A偶遇BAcut(acrossB)A走B捷径；A打断B的谈话Ago(acrossB)A穿过BAput(acrossB)A解释清楚BArun(acrossB)A横穿B;A偶然碰到Bfter【原始含义】在…之后【引申含义】【prep】（时间）在…之后laterthansth.eg:Wewillleave(afterlunch).（空间）在…之后behindsb./stheg:Heranafterherwiththebook.(按顺序、重要性)在…后面nexttosb/sthinorderorimportanceeg:Yournamees(aftermine)(inthelist).与…对比incontrasttostheg:Itwaspleasantlycoolinthehouse（afterthestickyheatoutside）.模仿followingtheexampleofsb/stheg:Readthesentenceafterme,please.【adv】后来afterwardseg:Soonafter,shecamebacktoherhometown.eg:Theprinceandprincesslivedhappilyeverafter.【常见搭配】modeln.模型v.模仿；moderna现代的作介词时的搭配一、名词+动词+（after+名词）Achase(afterB)A追赶/追求BAgo(afterB)A追逐BAlook/see(afterB)A照顾BAmodel(afterB)A以B为榜样AnameC(afterB)A以B为C命名Atake(afterB)A与B相像二、（after+名词）afterall毕竟afterawhile过了一会5.against【原始含义】aga相对【引申含义】【prep】与…相反，反对opposingordisagreeingwithsb/stheg:thefightagainstterrorismeg:wewererowingagainstthecurrent（水流）eg:Itisagainstthelawtorobthebank.对…不利nottotheadvantageorfavourofsb/stheg:Herageisagainsther.紧靠，碰touching,closetoorhittingsb/stheg:Shewasleaningagainstatree.eg:Therainbeatagainstthewindows.预防inordertopreventsthfromhappeningeg:Savemoneyagainstarainyday.衬托withsthinthebackground,asacontrasteg:Theredclothesstoodoutclearlyagainstthewhite.与…相比paredtosth.eg:Youmustweighthebenefits(againstthecost).【常见搭配】一、动词+（against+名词）pete(againstsb)与某人竞争fight(againststh)反对…;与…作斗争go(againststh)违反…press(againststh)压在…上struggle(againstsb/sth)与…搏斗/反抗turn(againstsb)背叛..vote(againstsb)投票反对…beset(againstsb/sth)坚决反对…6.around【原始含义】在范围内【引申含义】【prep】围绕surroundingsb/stheg:Heputhisarmsaroundher.eg:Therearemanybarsaroundthetown.在/到/从那边on,toorfromtheothersideofsb/stheg:Thebuscamearoundthecorner.到处inortomanyplacesinanareaeg:Theywalkedaroundthetownlookingforaplacetoeat.【adv】大约approximatelyeg:Therearearound10,000peoplewatchingtheWorldCup2018.周围surroundingsb/stheg:Icouldhearlaughterallaround.到处inortomanyplaceseg:Iranaroundtofindhim.【常见搭配】作介词时一、动词+（around+名词）look(aroundsth)环顾…；游览…center(aroundsth)以…为中心wrap(aroundsth)缠绕着…二、（around+名词）aroundthecorner临近…aroundtheclock日夜不停地；夜以继日地作副词时名词+动词+aroundsbgazearound环顾…sthgetaround某事（尤指消息、谣言等）流传sb/sthturnaround某人/某物转身【原始含义】在空间或时间上的一点【引申含义】【prep】在某个时间或某个地点wheresth/sbisorwhensthhappenseg:Iwillbeathomeallmorning.eg:Atnightyoucanseethestars.朝towardssb/stheg:Don’tpointatme.从相隔…远的地方thedistanceawayfromstheg:Canyoureadtheadvertisement(atfiftymetres)?eg:Youhadbetterkeephimatadistance.处于某种状态thesituationsb/sthisineg:Mr.BinGeisatlunch.eg:Ifeelatadisadvantage.在…方面showhowwellsbdoesstheg:IamgoodatEnglish.对于；由于showthecauseofstheg:Shewasdelightedattheresult.【常见搭配】一、动词+（at+名词）aim(atsth)针对…glare(atsth)对…怒目而视knock(atsth)敲…shout(atsb)朝某人喊叫target(atsb/sth)瞄准…二、（at+名词）atthecost/expenseofsth以…为代价attherequestofsb应某人的要求attheriskofsth/doingsth冒着…的风险atthesightofsb/sth一看见…ataspeedofsomenumber以…的速度atadiscount折扣athand在手边，即将发生atlength详细；最终eg:theseaspectshavebeendiscussedatlengtheg:atlengthshelaiddownthepencilatonetime曾经三、be+adj+（at+名词）bedelightedatsth对…感到非常高兴bedisappointedatsb/sth对…感到失望beexpert/skilled/giftedatsth/doingsth专长，精通beterrifiedatsth/doingsth对…害怕【原始含义】be+fore在…之前（时间、空间、重要性）【引申含义】【prep】(时间上)在…之前earlierthansb/stheg:Pleaseebackbefore18:00pm.(空间上)在…之前infrontofeg:Theykneltbeforethethrone.(重要性上)在…之前inpreferencetoeg:Healthshouldebeforewealth.【常见搭配】一、动词+（before+名词）Ae(beforeB)A比B更重要plain(beforesb)在某人面前抱怨二、（before+名词）(beforelong)不久以后(beforedark)天黑以前【原始含义】be+hind在…之后【引申含义】【prep】(空间上)在后面atthebackofsb/stheg:Themoondisappearedbehindacloud.eg:Adogisrunningbehindus./Adogisrunningafterus.???（时间上）在后面aftereg:Theworkis22weeksbehindschedule.（能力上）在后面lessadvancedthaneg:He'sbehindtherestoftheclassinreading.支持supportingeg:Behindeverygreat/successfulmantherestandsawoman.产生的原因thecauseofeg:What’sbehindthathappysmile?(=whatiscausingit?)【adv】在后面Eg:Sherodeoff(downtheroad)(withthedog)(runningbehind).【常见搭配】作介词时一、动词+（behind+名词）fallbehindsb/sth落在…后面bebehindsb(alltheway)全力支持某人二、（behind+名词）(behindtheschedule)比计划落后(behindthewheel)开车作副词时leavesthbehind遗漏某物sbstaybehind留下来【原始含义】be+side在…旁边【引申含义】【prep】在…旁边nexttoeg:Shecameupandsatbesideme.与…相比paredwitheg:Mypaintinglookschildishbesideyours.【常见搭配】一、（beside+名词）(besideoneself)(withsth)(喜、怒等)不自禁Eg:Theywerebesidethemselveswithexcitement.(besidethepoint)不是重点Theytookmywordsoutofcontext,butthat'sbesidethepoint.【原始含义】be+sides除…外，还有…【引申含义】 【prep】除了…外，还有…inadditiontoeg:Ithinkshehasmanygoodqualitiesbesidesbeingverybeautiful.except总体中减去besides总体中还要加一部分【常见搭配】besides+名词/doingstheg：Wehavelotsofthingsinmonbesidesmusic.eg：Besidesbeingheartbroken,shefeltfoolish.12.between【原始含义】betwoin”在两者之间”【引申含义】 【prep】(时间、空间、数量、距离等)在…之间eg:IsatdownbetweenSueandJane.eg:Youshouldn’teatbetweenmeals.表示联系或关系usedtoshowaconnectionorrelationshipeg:adifference/distinction/contrastbetweenlifeanddeath合用；共享sharedbytwoormorepeopleorthingseg:Thissecretisjustbetweenyouandme.【常见搭配】 一、动词+(between+名词）makeadifferencebetweensb/sthb区别对待eg:Shemakesnodifferencebetweenhertwosons.readbetweenthelines听/读出话外音eg:Readingbetweenthelines,I'dsayheisn'thappywiththesituation.

二、名词+(between+名词）thebalance(betweenAandB)平衡A与Beg:Weshouldalwaysconsiderthebalancebetweencostandbenefit.theconnection(betweenAandB)A与B之间的联系【原始含义】be+yond在…之外【引申含义】 【prep】(距离上)远于…onthefurthersideofstheg:Theroadcontinues(beyondthevillage)(upintothehills).（时间上）晚于…laterthanaparticulartimeeg:Thegraduationpartywentonbeyondmidnight.（范围上）超出outsidealimiteg:Thebagisbeyondmyreach.eg:Thebikeisbeyondrepair.无法理解unabletounderstandeg:I'mafraidphysicsispletelybeyondme.【常见搭配】 一、(beyond+名词）beyondbelief难以置信beyondsb超出某人理解beyondimagination超出想象beyondparison无与伦比的beyondcontrol无法控制beyondmeasure无法估量beyonddoubt确证无疑的beyondone’sreach够不着；力不能及beyondone’swildestdreams（好事）出乎某人意料14.by【原始含义】在…旁边【引申含义】 【prep】在…旁边atthesideofeg:Hewantedtokeepherclosebyhimalways.被，由…showthepersonorthingthatdoessomethingeg:Themotorcyclewasdrivenbyatinybaldman.表方式showhowsomethingisdoneeg:TheytravelledacrossEuropebytrain/car.不迟于notlaterthan;atorbeforeeg:Shehadpromisedtobebackbyfiveo'clock.通过…；根据…accordingtoeg:Don’tjudgeapersononlybyhislooks.由于asaresultofeg:Theymetbychance.eg:Ididitbymistake.【adv】经过pasteg:Timegoesbysoquickly.eg:Hehurriedbywithoutspeakingtome.【常见搭配】 作介词时一、by+名词byaccident/chance/coincidence巧合地byallmeans一定要bymeansofsb/sth借助于…byparison相比之下bynomeans绝不bydefinition根据定义byheart靠记忆bynature本质上…byturns轮流地二、动词+（by+名词）judge/tellsb/sth(bysth)通过…判断live(bysth)以…为生计takesb(bysth)抓住某人的某个部位tell(bysth)通过…判断三、be+形容词+（by+名词）becharacterized(bysth)以…为特征bedistracted(bysth)精力被…分散bereplaced(bysth)被…取代四、名词+by+名词bitbybit/inchbyinch一点一点地daybyday一天一天地stepbystep一步一步地yearbyyear一年一年地作副词时名词+动词+bysbdrop/stopby某人顺便访问15.despite【原始含义】inspiteof尽管【引申含义】 尽管【prep】【常见搭配】 despitesth/doingsth尽管某事，尽管做了某事eg:Hefailedintheexamdespitealltheefforts.eg:Shewasgoodatphysicsdespitethefactthatshefounditboring.despiteoneself尽管(自己)不愿意eg:Hehadtolaughdespitehimself.16.down【原始含义】向下【引申含义】 【prep】向下towardsalowerpositioneg:Tearsrandownherfacequiettely.eg:Thestonerolleddownthehill.沿着alongeg:Iwalkeddownthestreet.【adv】向下;在下面tooratalowerplaceorpositioneg:Helookeddownather.(数量、力量等)减弱，降低toshowthattheamountorstrengthofsthislowerorlesseg:Turnthemusicdown!(写)在纸上onpaper;onalisteg:Haveyougotmedownforthetrip?【常见搭配】 作副词时一、动词+名词+downblow(sth)down吹倒burn(sth)down烧毁break(sth)down摧毁knock(sth)down撞倒letsbdown让某人失望turnsbdown拒绝二、名词+动词+downsthbreakdown分解，损坏burn(sth)down烧毁sblookdown(onsth)某人瞧不起sb/sthslowdown减速letsbdown让某人失望turnsbdown拒绝17.during【原始含义】在…期间【引申含义】【prep】在…期间eg:Hewastakentothehospitalduringthenight.eg:Notaworddidtheysay（duringthemeal）.18.except【原始含义】除了takeoutof【引申含义】 【prep】除了eg:EveryonewashereexceptLiHua.【注意】besides表示“加”，except表示“减”【常见搭配】exceptforsth除去…exceptthat+句子除了…nothingexceptsth只有…=nothingbutsth;nobodybutyou【原始含义】表指定对象【引申含义】 【prep】表对象（人、去向、时间、场合、距离）eg:Thereisagradereportforyou.eg:ThisisthebusforChicago.eg:Iamgoingawayforafewdays.eg:IamwarningyouforthelasttimeIamnotfat!eg:Theroadwentonformilesandmiles.表目的，为了eg:IlearnEnglishforpleasure.表原因，因为eg:Hegotanawardforbravery.表支持eg:Areyoufororagainsttheproposal?作为eg:Iwillkeepitforasouvenir.eg:Don’ttakeothers’kindnessforgranted.【常见搭配】 作介词副词时一、动词+(for+名词)answer(forsth)为…负责argue(forsth)为…争辩account(forsth)为…解释head/leave(forsomeplace)朝某地前进stand(forsth/sb)象征…strive/struggle(forsth)为…而奋斗haveanear/eye(forsth)对…有鉴赏力二、be+形容词+（for+名词）befit/appropriate/suitable(forsb/sth)对…适合befamous/noted/celebrated(forsb/sth)因…著名bedesperate(forsth)急需…的beeager/hungry/thirsty(forsth)渴望…的beblamed/criticized(forsb/sth)y因…而受责备三、名词+（for+名词）affection(forsb/sth)对…的喜爱appeal(forsb/sth)对…的呼吁四、（for+名词）forthemoment/present目前暂时formypart就我而言forpleasure为了消遣foronething,…Foranother,…一方面..另一方面…rom【原始含义】从…离开1）出发点：来源于；2）离开：远离，免于【引申含义】 【prep】来自于，从…eg:Heshowedgreatinterestinmusicfromanearlyage.eg:Thestonerolleddownthehill.使远离，免于awayfrom,preventeg:Treesprotectthecityfromsandstorms.eg:Shesavedthekidfromdrowning.【常见搭配】 一、名词+(from+名词)independence(fromsb/sth)从…中独立eg:TheScotlandhasalwaysbeenseekingindependencefromtheGreatBritain.recovery(fromsth)从…中康复二、动词+(from+名词)arise(fromsth)由…产生benefit(fromsth)获益于…date(fromsometime)始于…时候discouragesb(fromsth/doingsth)使…气馁escape(fromsth)逃离…grow(fromsth)由…发展而来hear(fromsb)收到某人来信result(fromsth)由…导致suffer(fromsth)受…折磨三、be+形容词+(from+名词)bedifferent(fromsth)不同于…befree(fromsth)不受…的影响eg:PeoplearefreefromtaxinBahamas.四、其他短语fromplacetoplace处处fromtimetotime不时地fromthebottomofone’sheart从心底fromnowon从现在起frombadtoworse越来越糟n【原始含义】在…之内【引申含义】 【prep】在…范围之内（时间、地点）eg:Wesatdownintheshadeofthetrees.eg:Romewasnotbuiltinaday.在…情绪/状况之内eg:Iaminlove.eg:Wewentoutintherain.穿着…eg:Shewasallinblack.eg:IaminaTshirttoday.用…语言/材料等eg:SayitinChinese.eg:Shewroteitinpencil.【常见搭配】 一、动词+(in+名词)break(insb/sth)插话call(insb/sth)召人；召回物品engage(insb/sth)参加investtime/money/energy(insth)将时间/金钱/精力经理投资于某事*spendlie(insth)在于…eg:Thereasonwhyyoucan’tmakerapidprogressliesinyourlaziness.major/specialize(insth)主修…；专攻…participate/takepart(insth/doingsth)参加…persist(insth/doingsth)坚持做…playapart/role(insth/doingsth)在…中起作用二、be+形容词+(in+名词)beinterested(insth/doingsth)对…感兴趣berooted(insth)植根于…eg:Hisunderstandingisrootedinhisculture.beabsorbed(insth/doingsth)专心于…三、in+名词inaccordwithsth与…一致intotal总共inanattempttodosth试图做inbalance处于平衡infort安逸inpanywithsb和某人一同inpensationforsth作为对…的补偿inconfidence私下里indebt负债indespair绝望indetail详细地inthefaceofsth面对…22.inside【原始含义】在…里面【引申含义】 【prep】在…里面eg:Insidetheboxwasaglitteringring.eg:You'llfeelbetterwithagoodmealinsideyou.【反义词】o【原始含义】into进入…的里面（动态）【引申含义】 【prep】在…里面进入，到…里面eg:eintothehouseeg:Sheturnedandwalkedoffintothenight.表状态的变化eg:Thebookhasbeentranslatedintomanylanguages.eg:Allthebuildingshavebeenturnedintohospitals.eg:Iburstintotears.【常见搭配】 一、动词+(into+名词)burstintosth突然（大哭、大笑等）change/turn/growintosth变成…evolveintosth发展成…getintosth陷入某种状态lookintosth调查，研究…runintosth碰到，遇到…takesthintoaccount考虑…二、名词+(into+名词)insightintosb/sth对…的洞察investigation