英语丨2023年北京市中考英语试卷及答案

2023年北京市初中学业水平考试时间：90分钟满分：60分第一部分本部分共33题，共40分。在每题列出的四个选项中，选出最符合题目要求的一项。一、单项填空(每题0.5分，共6分)从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项A.hisB.heiA.atB.onAneedn'tB.can'tC.mustn'A.wellB.betterC.bestD.thebestA.HowoftenB.A.orB.soC.forD.butA.makeB.madA.returnB.returnedC.willreturnD.havereturnedA.haveB.hadC.willA.areplantedB.wereplantedC.plant12.—Lily,canyoutellmeduringtheDr—Sure.WeatezongziandwatchedadragonboatrA.whatyouwilldoB.whatyoudidC.whatwilly二、完形填空(每题1分，共8分)Wherewasthatcashier(收银员)?Impatient,IquicsandwichandrushbI.14,gettiControllingmyanger,IrememberedMom'swords.“Whenejustthinkaboutwhatismissing.Ifsomeoneisunkind,thenkindnessismissing.Ifsomeoneishateful,then 15ismissing.Ifwewillbewhat'smissing,thenwe'llprovidewhateverthesituationneeds."AndhereIwasinanunpleasantsituation.HowshouldI"bewhat'smi 16.MaybeIshouldjustjumpbehindthecounterandJustthenthewomanwalkedslareyoutoday?”“I'msorry.”Isaid.“Ihopeitgetsbetterstartingrightnow.”IthoughttomyselfasIatemysandwich.We'reallthesame,really.WehaveproAftereating,Iwipedthetablecleanerthanusual,andputthetray(托盘)backnicelyonthestand.Thewomanwaswatchingme,abigsmileon“Bewhat'smissing.”It.2013.A.restaurantB.street14.A.agreedB.finishe15.A.trustB.love16.A.hopeB.advice17.A.nervouslyB.carefully18.A.disappointB.hu20.A.saidB.workedC.read三、阅读理解(每题2分，共26分)A22.IenjoymakingwallpostersofanimalsandI'dliketoreadpicturebooks.23.IlikemakinghagsandwanttovisiBBettywasexcitedtoshowherbrotherDavidthebasketfilledwithseashells.ButDavigeteverythingbackintothecar.“What“ButIwanttheseseashells,"Bettysaispecial.”Suddenly,Davidsawthewaterrisingalongthebeach.HeshoutedtoBetty,“Thewaves(海浪)areabouttotakeyourtoys!"AsBettyrantogetherthings,shecalledtoDavid,“PleaseputmysDavidwasputtingoneofthebeachchairsintothecarwhenhisfootaccidentallyknockedoverthebaDavidliftedaheavybox,heslipped(滑倒)anddroppedtheboxrightontopoftheseashells,breakingmostofBettycamebackwithhertoys.Whenshesawherseashellsbroken,shebegantocrtheseashellsandplacethemcarefullybackintotheDadtriedtoexplaintoBettythatitwasanaccidentaboutwhathecoulddotomakeituptohissister.WhenThenextmorningDavidwaitedforBettywiththebasketofseashellframed(装框的)photoofthetwoofthem.Togethertheylookedthroughthebasketandfoundseveralseashellsthatwerenotbrokenandcouldstillbeused.Thentheygluedth“I'mreallysorry,Betty."Davidsaid.“YesterdayIwasverycarelesswithsomethingspecialtoyou.”Bettylookedatherbrotherandsmiled."You'rethebestbigbrothereve24.WhatdidBettythinkoftheseashells?A.Clean.B.Useless.C.Expensive.D.Special.A.sheslippedandhurtherselfB.sheknockedoverthebasketC.shesawthebrokenseashellsA.makeituptohissisterB.devC.prepareagiftforhisdadCDoyouknowthatover1/3ofallfoodproducedin(UN),everyyeararoundtheworld,aboutonebillion(十亿)tonsoffoodiswasted.Atthesametime,therearenearlyonebillionpeoplewhogohungry.Simply1/4ofthefoodwastedisenoughtokeepthemoutofhunthewastedfoodproducesoverthreebilliontonsofcarbondioxide(CO2),whichspeedsupclimate(气候)change.WhatcanwedotosolvethisfooOneeffectivesolutionisspecialinstrumentsshouldbeusedsothatcookingsAnothereffectivesolutionisstartingprogramstoreduce(减少)foodwaste.Storesandbutobecreativeinfoodwastereduction.Forexample,storescanprovidecustomerswithinstrutomakefulluseoffood.Buyerscantrynotfixingtheireyesonlyonfoodofthebestqualityfoodofnon-topqualityisalsogoodenoughtoeat,orcanbeboughtandtOneofthehardestsolutionstoachieveisforeachandeveryoneFoodrecyclingisoneoftheknoInaword,foodwastehasbeenoneofthebiggestproblemsintheworldthathaveinfluencedusgreatly.Manysolutionshavebeenfoundandmanymoreareyettobeworkedout.Ifeachofuscanputinmoreefforts,foodwasteissuretobereducedforthegoodofo27.Accordingtothepassage,whatisapossibleresultoffoodwaste?A.Theproblemofworldwidehunger.B.Abigincreaseinfoodproduction.C.Thespeed-upofclimatechange.28.WhatcanwelearnfromA.Foodrecyclinghasbeenhugelysuccessful.B.BuyersshouldgiveupnoC.Storesshouldtrainpeopletomakedeliciousdishes.D.Mealplansi29.WhatisthepassagemainlyaboA.Benefitsofreducingfoodwaste.B.Solutionstothefoodwasteproblem.C.Theimportanceoffightingfoodwaste.D.TheattitudetothefoodwasteDWhenconsideringthekindofexperiencethatmakeslifebetter,mostpeoplefirstthinkthathappinessdependsonexperiencingpleasure:goodfood,goodjobs,allthecomfortsthatmoneycanbuy.Ifwecouldn'thavmightaswellsitinfrontofthetePleasureisanimportantpartofthequalityoflife,butbyitselfitdoesn'tbringhappiness.Whefurtheraboutwhatmakesaworthylife,theytend(倾向于)tomovebeyondpleasantmemoriesandbegintoexpectation,butalsoaEnjoymentischaracterizedbyasenseabilityisenjoyable,asisreadingabookexpressideaswedidn'tknowwehad.Noneoftheseexperiencesmaybeespeciallypleasurablewhentheyareplace,butwhenwethinkbackonthemafterwards,wewouldsay,"Thatreallywasfun"andwishtheywoagain.Afteranenjoyableeventweknowthatwehavechaeverybodytakespleasureineating.However,toenjoysfoodismoredifficulA.attentionB.interestC.ability33.Thewriterprobablyagreesthat第二部分本部分共5题，共20分。根据题目要求，完成相应任务。四、阅读表达(第34-36题每题2分，第37题4分，共10分)tbeintouchwiththerestoftheworld.Stayingconnectedtootherpeopleisabigpartofmylife.However,sometimesOnedayIdiscoveredIwasterriblytiredout.Itriedturningnotifications(通知)off.Butthefearofmissingoutsomethingimportantmademecheckthephonemoreoftenthanbefore.So,IsimplyWell,totellthetruth,itwasnotsimpleatall.Forthefirstcoupleofdays,Iwouldsoonforgetaboutme.WhenIhadafreemoment,Ihadnoideawhattogetmyselfdistracted(分心的)with,andtheworriesmixedwithboredomkeptHowever,afterthreeweekswithoutamobilwhichdrovemetonotjustcontinuetheexperiment,butinfacttoreorganizesomeofmyhabits.Firstofall,Inoticefindmyselfwonderingwhatwasgoingononline.Afteramonthofstayingawayfrommymobilephone,Ifoundttheurge(冲动)wasalreadynotthatstrongandthatmyabilitunderstandtheactualbeautyoftheworld,andIdidnotneedanyoneelsetoprovethevalueofthisbeautythroughNow,as100dayshavepassed,34.Whatmadethewritercheckthephonemoreoftenthanbefore?35.Whendidthewriterstartnoticin36.Whatdoesthewriterplantodowithhisphoneaftertheexperime37.Wouldyouliketofollowthewriter'sexample?Whyorwhynot?(Please五、文段表达(10分)38.从下面两个题目中任选一题，根据所给提示，完成一篇不少于50词的英语文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。38.假设你是李华。你们班想在毕业之前为学校做一件有意义的事，如种植纪念树、去校图书馆整理图书等。你打算邀请交换生Peter参加这次活动。请你用英文给他写一封电子邮件，39.同学们参加过各种各样的社团，如篮球队、合唱团等。时间：90分钟满分：60分第一部分从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项A.hisB.herC.your【解析】2.It'sagoodideatovisitBeijingA.atB.on【解析】A.wellB.betterC.bestA.HowoftenB.Howsoon“Twiceaweek.”可知询问频率，用Howoften提问。故选A。A.orB.soC.formountain”和空格后“Samgottothetopatlast”可知前后分句为转折关系，应用表示转折关系的连词butA.makeB.madeC.ammaking现在分词。故选C。8.TheShenzhou-15astronautstoEarthsafeA.returnB.returnedC.willreturnD.haver【解析】【详解】句意：神舟15号宇航员于2023年6月4日安全返回地球。考查时态。根据“onJune4,2023”可知是过去发生的事9.Ifyougototheconcertwithustomorrow,youagreattimethere.A.haveB.hadC.willhave【解析】10.EricmanythingssA.islearningB.waslearning【解析】【详解】句意：自从Eric对科学感兴趣以来，他已经学习了很多东西。考查现在完成时。根据“sincehebeca:have/has+过去分词。故选D。A.areplantedB.wereplantedC.plant【解析】考查时态和语态。主语“morekindsofflowers”与动在时的被动语态，其结构为am/is/aredone。故选A。12.—Lily,canyoutellmeduringthe—Sure.WeatezongziandwatchedadragonboatraA.whatyouwilldoB.whatyoudid【解析】考查宾语从句。tell后缺少直接宾语，用“Weatezongziandwatchedadragonboatrace.”可知，从句用一般过去时，排除A。故选B。二、完形填空(每题1分，共8分)阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。Wherewasthatcashier(收银员)?Impatient,IquicsandwichandrushbControllingmyanger,IrememberedMom'swords."Whenejustthinkaboutwhatismissing.Ifsomeoneisunkind,thenkindnessismissing.Ifsomeoneishateful,then 15ismissing.Ifwewillbewhat'smissing,thenwe'llprovidewhatevAndhereIwasinanunpleasantsituation.HowshouldI"bewhat'smi 16.MaybeIshouldjustjumpbehindthecounteranareyoutoday?”Myquestionseemedto.18h“I'msorry.”Isaid.“Ihopeitgetsbetterstartingrightnow.”IthoughttomyselfasIatemysandwich.We'reallthesame,really.WehaveproAftereating,Iwipedthetablecleanerthanusual,andputthetray(托盘)backnicelyonthestand.Thewomanwaswatchingme,abigsmileon13.A.restaurantB.street【17题详解】14.A.agreedB.finishe15.A.trustB.love16.A.hopeB.advice17.A.nervouslyB.carefully18.A.disappointB.hu19.A.nicer20.A.saidB.workedC.read【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在快餐店吃饭时，因为迟迟没有人点单而生气，但是想到了妈妈的话他决定对别人友善一些。他认为我们每个人都是一样的，有烦恼会生气,会累也会受伤，因此【13题详解】sandwichandrushbacktowork.”并结合空后“b东西，然后回去工作，应是环顾餐厅。故选A。【14题详解】minutes!”可知此处指的是在等待中变得生气。故选C。【15题详解】missing.”可知unkind和kindness为对应关系，结合【16题详解】故选C。【18题详解】【19题详解】haveproblemsandangers,wegettiredandwehurt.”可推知需要对彼此更友善。故选A。【20题详解】A22.IenjoymakingwallpostersofanimalsandI'dliketoreadpicturebooks.23.Ilikemakinghagsandwanttovisitartm【解析】【21题详解】你喜欢服装设计，想在大学里学习它，加入我们吧!”与之匹配。故选B。【22题详解】根据“IenjoymakingwallpostersofanimalsandI'dliketoreadpicturebooks【23题详解】根据“Ilikemakinghagsandwanttovisitartm(二)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。BBettywasexcitedtoshowherbrotherDavidthebasketfilledwithseashells.ButDavidwgeteverythingbackintothecar.“Whatareyougoingtodowiththothemhome.”“ButIwanttheseseashells,"Bettysaidunhappily."EachoneisSuddenly,Davidsawthewaterrisingalongthebeach.HeshoutedtoBetty,"Thewaves(海浪)areabouttotakeyourtoys!"AsBettyrantogetherthings,shecalledtoDavid,“PleaseputmDavidwasputtingoneofthebeachchairsintothecarwhenhisfootaccidentallyknockedoverthebaDavidliftedaheavybox,heslipped(滑倒)anddroppedtheboxrightontopoftheseashells,breakingmostofBettycamebackwithhertoys.Whenshesawherseashellsbroken,shebeganttheseashellsandplacethemcarefullybackintothebaskDadtriedtoexplaintoBettythatitwasanaccidaboutwhathecoulddotomakeituptohissister.WhenhThenextmorningDavidwaitedforBettywiththebasketofseashellframed(装框的)photoofthetwoofthem.Togethertheylookedthroughthebasketandfoundseveralseashellsthatwerenotbrokenandcouldstillbeused.Thentheygluedt“I'mreallysorry,Betty."Davidsaid."YesterdayIwasverycarelesswithsomethingspecialtoyou.”Bettylookedatherbrotherandsmiled.“You'rethebestbigbrotherever!”24.WhatdidBettythinkoftheseashells?A.Clean.B.Useless.C.ExpensiA.sheslippedandhurtherselfB.sheknockedoverthebasketC.shesawthebrokenseashells26.DavidgluedtheseasA.makeituptohissisterB.dC.prepareagiftforhisdad【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了Betty一家去海边玩，回家的时候Betty捡了一筐贝壳但是被【24题详解】【25题详解】细节理解题。根据“Whenshesawherseashells【26题详解】细节理解题。根据“Hethoughtaboutwhathecoulddotomakeituptohissister.Whenhegothome,hehadaperfectidea.”可知David把贝壳粘在相框上是为了补偿她的妹妹。故选A。CDoyouknowthatover1/3ofallfoodproducedintheworldgoestowaste?Accor(UN),everyyeararoundtheworld,aboutonebillion(十亿)tonsoffoodiswasted.Atthesametionebillionpeoplewhogohungry.Simply1/4ofthefoodwastedisenoughtokeepthemoutofhunthewastedfoodproducesoverthreebilliontonsofcarWhatcanwedotosolvethisfooOneeffectivesolutionisspecialinstrumentsAnothereffectivesolutionisstartingprogramstoreduce(减少)foodwaste.Storesandbutobecreativeinfoodwastereduction.Forexample,storescanprovidecustomerswithinstrutomakefulluseoffood.Buyerscantrynotfixingtheireyesonlyonfoodofthefoodofnon-topqualityisalsogoodenoughtoeat,orcanbeboughtaneofthehardestsolutionstoachieveisforeachandeveryonetorFoodrecyclingisoneoftheknoInaword,foodwastehasbeenoneofthebiggestproblemsintheworldthathaveinfluencedusgreatly.Manysolutionshavebeenfoundandmanymoreareyettobeworkedout.Ifeachofuscanputinmoreefforts,foodwaissuretobereducedforthegoodof27.Accordingtothepassage,whatisapossibleresultoffoodwaste?A.Theproblemofworldwidehunger.B.Abigincreaseinfoodproduction.CThespeed-upofclimatechange.28.WhatcanwelearnfromA.Foodrecyclinghasbeenhugelysuccessful.B.BuyersshouldgiveupC.Storesshouldtrainpeopletomakedeliciousdishes.D.MealplaA.Benefitsofreducingfoodwaste.B.Solutionstothefoodwasteproblem.C.Theimportanceoffightingfoodwaste.D.Theattitudetothefoodwastep【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了食物浪费的现状以及四个解决食物浪费问题的方法，并得出结【27题详解】细节理解题。根据“Inaddition,thewastedfoodproducesoverthreebilliontonsofcarbon【28题详解】细节理解题。根据“Oneofthehardestaplanoftheirownsothatlessfoodiswasted.”可知家介绍了四种解决食物浪费问题的方法。故选B。DWhenconsideringthekindofexperiencethatmakeslifebetter,mostpeoplefirstthinkthathappinessdependsonexperiencingpleasure:goodfood,goodjobs,allthecomfortsthatmoneycanbuy.Ifwecouldn'thmightaswellsitinfrontofthetePleasureisanimportantpartofthequalityoflife,butbyitselfitdoesn'tbringhappiness.Whefurtheraboutwhatmakesaworthylife,theytend(倾向于)tomovebeyondpleasantmemoriesandbegintoname:enjoyment.EnjoyEnjoymentischaracterizedbyasenseofcuriosiabilityisenjoyable,asisreadingaexpressideaswedidn'tknowwehad.Noneoftheseexperiencesmaybeespeciallypleasurablewhentheyareplace,butwhenwethinkbackonthemafterwards,wewouldsay,"Thatreallywasfun"andwishtheywouldhaagain.Afteranenjoyableeventweknowthatwehavechangedeverybodytakespleasureineating.However,toenjoysfoodismoredifficultpsychicenergy,whileenjowithoutfullattention.It'sforthisreasonthatpleasuredoesnotlastlong,nofullattentiontogoalsthatarenew,thatarerelativeWithoutenjoyment,lifewillgoon,anditca(外部的)environment.Toachievepersonalcontroloverthequalityofexperiencebuildenjoymentintowhat30.YouwillmostprobablyexperienA.buyexpensiveshoesC.talkwithfriendsfornewideasD31.WhatdoyouknowaboutpleasureandenjoymentfromtA.EnjoymentgrowsoutofpleB.PleasureandenjoymentcomehaC.PleasurableexperiencesarepD.Someexperiencesprovidebothpleasureandenjoyment.A.attentionB.interestC.abili33.ThewriterprobablyagrA.feelingpleasurestopspeD.pleasureisthekeytoahappya【解析】【30题详解】推理判断题。根据“Playingatennisgamethatimprovesone'sthingsinanewlight,asishavingac场能提高一个人能力的网球是令人愉快的，就像读一本从新的角度看待事物的书一样，就像进行一场能让我们表达自己不知道自己拥有的想法的谈话一样。由此推出当你和朋友谈论新想【31题详解】细节理解题。根据“Experiencesthat【32题详解】词义猜测题。根据“Asthisexamplesuggests,wecanexperiencepleasurewithoutanypsychicenergy,wenjoymenthappensonlyasaresultoffullattention.”可知正如这个例子所表明的，我们可以在没有任何精神能【33题详解】第二部分本部分共5题，共20分。根据题目要求，完成相应任务。四、阅读表达(第34-36题每题2分，第37题4分，共10分)Whenwasthelasttimeyoulefthomewithoutyourmobilephone?Canyouimagineyourselflivingamonth,orevenayearwithoutcheckingyourmobilephonefromtimetotime?Asabusymodernpersonwithlotsofsocialconnections,plansandresponsibilities,Ijustcbeintouchwiththerestoftheworld.Stayingconnectedtootherpeopleisabigpartofmylife.However,sometimesOnedayIdiscoveredIwasterriblytiredout.Itriedturningnotifications(通知)off.Butthefearofmissingoutsomethingimportantmademecheckthephonemoreoftenthanbefore.So,IsimplysWell,totellthetruth,itwasnotsimpleatall.Forthefirstcouple