【初高中衔接】专题03 形容词与副词

2022年初升高英语无忧衔接（通用版）专题03形容词与副词表示人和事物的特征，对名词起修饰和描绘作用。e.g.long,empty,cheap,hungry,etc.形容词在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语等成分．Heisahardworkingstudent.Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.当形容词修饰由some-,any-,no-,every-构成的不定代词时,形容词要放在这些不定代词的之后.e.g.Isthereanythingnewintoday’snewspaper?作定语Thetreesturngreeninspring.Wearenotaloneabouttheargument.只能作表语，不能作定语的形容词aloneafraidawakeasleepaliveable作表语形容词和宾语一起构成复合宾语．Wemustkeeptheenvironmentclean.Hemadeus

happy.作宾语补足语Colourthecirclegreen.有些单词以-ly结尾，但却是形容词而非副词：lively、lonely、lovely、deadly、friendly、ugly、silly、likely、timely、brotherlysisterlymotherlyfatherly等。系动词+形容词作表语Thiscakesmellswell.Theoldladyisnotfeelinggoodtoday.Shefeltbadlyatthenews.Thelittleboylooksveryseriously.wellgood

goodwell

badlybad

seriouslyserious词尾变化原级比较级最高级单音节词在词尾加-er(比较级)或-est(最高级)以字母e接尾的词加-r或-sttallhardlargewide以重读闭音节结尾的词末尾只有一个辅音字母应双写辅音字母再加er或estbighotthinfatwet以辅音字母+y结尾的词变为i再加-er,或-esthappydryearly

narrowclever多音节词和多数双音节词在其前面加more和mostdifficultpopularslowlytallerharderlargerwidertallesthardestlargestwidestbiggerhotterfatterwetterbiggesthottestfattestwettesthappierdrierearlierhappiestdriestearliestnarrowercleverernarrowestcleverestmoredifficultmorepopularmoreslowlymostdifficultmostpopularmostslowly少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节词可加-er或-est规则变化形容词的比较级和最高级构成原级goodwellbadillmanymuchlittlefarold比较级最高级betterbestworseworstlessmoremostfarther/furtherolder/elderleastfarthest/furthestoldest/eldest不规则变化巧记：特殊形式比较级共有三对二合一坏病两多并两好little意思不是小一分为二有两个一是老来二是远形容词原级的常用句型Jackisas

tallasMike.

as+形容词原形+asThereareasmanystudentsinourschoolasyours.

Jackisthreetimesas

oldasMike.

否定notas+形容词原形+as“和…不一样”或notso+形容词原形+as

“不及／不如…JackisnotastallasMike.JackisnotsotallasMike.

Thistruckisbigenoughtocarry5tons.

so+形容词原级+that丛句

such+名词＋that丛句Thesofaissobigthatitcan’tbeputinthelivingroom.…too+原级+todosth.Heistooyoungtobeavolunteerintheorganization.

形容词原级+enoughtodosth.

比较级+than…

Thisbridgeislongerthanthatone.

Ourschoolislargerthantheirs.

表示两者之间的选择，可使用“Whichis+比较级，…or…?”

表示不及另一方时，使用“less+原级+than…”Whichislonger,thisoneorthat?Thisparkislessbeautifulthanthatone.

“The+比较级…，the+比较级…”

“…比较级+and+比较级…”

Thesmallerthehouseis,thelessitwillcostustheheat.

Inspring,thedaysaregettinglongerandlonger.

典型例题:

1）---Areyoufeeling____?

---Yes，I'mfinenow.A.anywell

B.anybetter

C.quitegoodD.quitebetter2）Theexperimentwas____easierthanwehadexpected.

A.more

B.muchmore

C.much

D.moremuch3）Iftherewerenoexaminations,weshouldhave___atschool.

A.thehappiesttime

B.amorehappiertime

C.muchhappiesttime

D.amuchhappiertime可修饰比较级的词abit,alittle,rather,much,far,byfar,many,alot,lots,agreatdeal,any,still,even等注意no/not+比较级+than的特殊含义AisnomorecarefulthanB.A和B两人都不仔细。AisnotmorecarefulthanB.A不如B仔细。more….than…与其说…倒不如说Itismorelikeawallthanaspear.Theyaremorelikefatherandsonthanteacherandstudent.morethan+n./num./adj.Therearemorethanfiftystudentsinourclass.Heismorethanateacher;heisourfriend.Sheismorethankindtousall.many,old和far1)如果后接名词时，

muchmore+不可数名词

manymore+可数名词复数2)old有两种比较级和最高级形式:

older/oldest和elder/eldest。

elder，eldest只用于兄弟姐妹的长幼关系。

Myelderbrotherisanengineer.

Maryistheeldestofthethreesisters.3)far有两种比较级：

farther，further它们在英语中都可指距离。在美语中，farther表示距离，further则表示进一步。

Ihavenothingfurthertosay.倍数的表达

Aistwice/threetimes…as+big/tall/high/wide/long+asB

Aistwice/threetimes…bigger/taller/higher/wider/longer…thanBAistwice/threetimes…thesize/height/width/length…ofB…oneofthe+最高级+名词复数形容词最高级的常用句型…最高级+of(in)…Thisis/wasthe最高级+名词+that定语从句LuXunisoneof

thegreatestwriterslastcentury.

ThisistheworstfilmthatIhaveseentheseyears.

Ofallthenovels,IthinkTheThreeBodiesisthebest.

用来修饰动词、形容词、其它副词、全句或名词词组及句子的词。very,early,out,soon,quickly,etc.用法例句作表语Mymotherisout.作定语Thegirlthereismyfriend.作状语Herunsfast.作宾补Ifoundhimoutside.副词的用法副词副词的分类时间副词now,then,today,tomorrow,ago,lately,soon,immediately,often,usually,early地点副词outside,upstairs,anywhere,up,forward,here,there,away,in,back,off方式副词simply,quickly,happily,loudly,suddenly,luckily,again,once,easily,together程度副词very,quite,rather,extremely,completely,widely,partly,perfectly,badly,too疑问副词when,where,why,how关系副词when,where,why(引导定语从句)连接副词when,where,why,how(引导名词性从句和副词性从句)其他surely,certainly,really,however,therefore,perhaps,moreover,yes,no

副词的比较级和最高级的构成和形容词的比较级和最高级的构成基本相同.e.g.

形容记的最高级前要用定冠词the,副词的最高级前可用可不用定冠词the.MountQomolangmaisthehighestintheworld.Jimjumped(the)highestoftheall.fast-faster-fastestslowly-moreslowly–mostslowly频度副词放在动词前，情态动词和助动词之后。Healwaysgoestoschoolonfoot．Shewasoften

lateforschool．

Ihave

never

beentoBeijing·

易混词语辨析与练习late,later,latest,lately

The________editionofthedictionaryisfarbetterthanthepreviousones.Ifthecabarrives_____,youwillmisstheflight.Thisphotoremindsmeofmy___grandfather.He’snotbeenfeelingwelljust______.In_______autumn,youwillfindthegroundcoveredwithfallenleaves.Atfirsthedeniedallguilt,buthe______madeapartialconfession.

latest

late

late

lately

late

later

rather,fairly,quiteItis______thathisEnglishis_____perfect.sure;veryB.right;ratherC.exact;fairlyD.certain;quite1.rather常修饰贬义的词，fairly常修饰褒义的词。有些词本身并无褒贬，但用rather意为反感，用fairly意为赞许。Thisroomisfairlybig/ratherbig.2.quite与表示完全概念的词（right,wrong,perfect,certain,empty,full…)连用时，表示“完全”=completelystill,yet,alreadyTheguestsare________here.Butthemeatisnotready_______.It______hastobecookedforanotherfiveminutes.Haveyoufinishedthework__________?Youareveryspeedy.

already

yet

stillyet

not,no

not为副词，修饰谓语，no为形容词，修饰名词Wegot______helpfromthem.

noThereis______timeleft.Thereisscarcely_____timeleft.noany兼有两种形式的副词1)close与closely；

close意思是“近”；closely意思是“仔细地”，例如：

Heissittingclosetome.Watchhimclosely.2)late与lately；

late意思是“晚”；lately意思是“最近”，例如：

Youhavecometoolate.Whathaveyoubeendoinglately?3)deep与deeply；

deep意思是“深”，表示空间深度；deeply时常表示感情上的深度，“深深地”，例如：

Hepushedthestickdeepintothemud.Evenfatherwasdeeplymovedbythefilm.4)high与highly；

high表示空间高度；highly表示程度，相当于much，例如：

Theplanewasflyinghigh.Ithinkhighlyofyouropinion.5)wide与widely；

wide表示空间宽度；widely意思是“广泛地；在许多地方”，如：

Heopenedthedoorwide.Englishiswidelyusedintheworld.6)free与freely；

free的意思是“免费”；freely的意思是“无限制地”

Youcaneatfreeinmyrestaurantwheneveryoulike.Youmayspeakfreely;saywhatyoulike.有关形容词、副词的固定搭配。①Heisdead/blinddrunk.②Heiswideawake.③He’ssound/fastasleep.④It’sraining/snowingheavily.⑤Heismoving/breathing/drinkingsmokingheavily.⑥Thetraffic/Hismoustacheisheavy.有关形容词、副词的固定搭配。⑦ThepopulationofChinais

largerthanthatofJapan.⑧Thepriceofthebookishigh/low.⑨Thebookisexpensive/cheap.⑩Johnson'sspeechwasbroadcastliveacrosstheworld.Withviewsbeyondhisageandevenasenseofhumor,JohnsonsoonbecameaninternationalsignofthefightagainstAIDSandHIV.Johnson的演讲是全球现场直播的。凭着他这个年龄段的观点以及这样的幽默感，Johnson很快变成了一个抵抗艾滋病毒的国际代言人。

1.Thebreadis____thanthesecakesA.verydeliciousB.muchdeliciousC.moredeliciousD.asdelicious2.LinTaojumped____inthelongjumpintheschoolsportsmeetingA.farB.fartherC.farthestD.quitefar3.Whentheymetinthehotel.Theytalkedandlaughed______A.happilyB.happyC.happierD.happiestCCA单项选择4.Inourcityit’s____inJuly,butitiseven____inAugustA.hotterhottestB.hothotC.hotterhotD.hothotter5.HainanisaverylargeIsland.Itisthesecond______islandinchina.A.largeB.largerC.largestD.mostlargest6.Anelephantis____thanatiger.A.heavyB.very