大学英语5(综合教程)第三单元Text A课件

Unit3TextATheTruthaboutLyingcontents1[

GeneralIntroduction

]2[AbouttheAuthor]3[TextAnalysis

]4[NewWordsandPhrases

]5[TextUnderstanding

]Part11[Introduction

]

美国著名作家欧亨利的小说《最后一片叶子》,描写患肺炎的穷学生琼西看着窗外对面墙上的常春藤叶子不断被风吹落，她说，最后一片叶子代表她，它的飘落，代表自己的死亡。贝尔曼，一个伟大的画家，在听完休易讲述完室友琼西的故事后，在最后一片叶子飘落，下着暴雨的夜里，在墙上画出了一片“永不凋落”的常春藤叶，编造了一个善良且真实的谎言，从而维持一段即将熄灭的生命之光.Part1ThelastleafTwoAmericanMoviesaboutlyingTrueLies(1994)LiarLiar(1997)

ABCDoyouoftenlie?Inwhatcasesyoumaychoosetolie?

Howdoyoucategorizelying?Whatliesareharmful?Whydopeopletelllies?Islyingacceptable?

Part2[Introductoryquestions

]

JudithViorst[vi’ɔ:st]wasbornandbroughtupinNewJersey,graduatedfromRutgersUniversity,movedtoGreenwichVillage,andhaslivedinWashington,D.C.,since1960,whenshemarriedMiltonViorst,apoliticalwriter.Theyhavethreesonsandsevengrandchildren.Viorstwritesinmanydifferentareas:sciencebooks,children'spicturebooks,adultfictionandnon-fiction,poetryforchildrenandadults,andthreemusicals,whicharestillperformedonstagesaroundthecountry.Part33[Abouttheauthor

]

Thebest-sellerNecessaryLosses(1986)andhercomicnovel,MurderingMr.Monti(1994),whichappearedonTheNewYorkTimesbest-sellerlistinhardcoverandpaperbackforalmosttwoyears.

Sheisalsobestknownforherbelovedpicturebook,AlexanderandtheTerrible,Horrible,NoGood,VeryBadDay.

Part3Part3Part4TextAnalysisPartOnePara.1PartTwoParas.2-36PartThreeParas.37-42IntroductorybeginningEnding:howthewriterfeelsweshouldcopewiththequestionofwhetherornottolieThewriterdiscussesfourtypesofliesandtellswhatshethinksabouteachofthemPart4GettingfamiliarwithnewvocabularyUnderlinetheimportantvocabularyonthepassagewhilelisteningtotherecordingpartbypartPart4Pre-wordsgeneralize:makegeneralstatementswithoutreferencetodetails

2.irritate:makeangryorannoyed3.straightforward:simple;expressedorunderstoodinadirectwayPart4PartOneintrigue[ˈɪnˌtriɡ]arousetheinterestorcuriosityv.以谋略达成；激起…的好奇心n.密谋，阴谋；私通，奸情SocialLiesPart4PartTwoPeace-KeepingLiesProtectiveLiesTrust-KeepingLiesParas.2-7arrogant：havingorshowinganexaggeratedopinionofone’sownimportance,merit,ability

incorruptible:notsubjecttocorruptionordecayassail:attackviolently;toattackverbally;causesbtoexperienceunpleasantthoughtsorfeelings

-Afterherdisappointingexamresults,Lucywasassailedbyworriesabouthercareer

Part4PartTwoSocialLiesPara.2It’sarrogant,theysay,toinsistonbeingsoincorruptibleandsobravethatyoucauseotherpeopleunnecessaryembarrassmentorpainbycompulsivelyassailingthemwithyourhonesty.他们说，如果你坚持要做到十二分正直、十二分无畏，不由自主地用你的诚实使他人陷入不必要的窘境或痛苦之中，这只能说你是傲慢自大。hideous:frightful,terribleifthesouptasteslikewarmed-overcoffee,youmayprefertoavoidsaying“thesoupiswonderful”.Instead,youmaysay,“youreallycookedupastorm”,whichisapolitewaytokeepthehostfromfeelingembarrassedcookupastorm:cookamealenergeticallyPart4PartTwoSocialLiesPara.7unsolicitedadj.未经请求的indulgeinwhathecalls“flattery,falsepraiseandmellifluouscomments”我的这位朋友从来不讲他所说的“奉承话、虚假的赞美话和动听话”indulgein:takepleasurefreelyin沉溺于Part4PartTwoSocialLiesPara.8-17shelter…from…:protect…from…keep…atbay:keep…atdistancethinklessofsb:lookdownuponhollerat

:yellat,shoutatdodge:avoidbyatrickdodgeresponsibility:回避责任notinthemoodtodosth不想做某事PartTwoPeace-KeepingLiesPara.8-17assert:defendormaintain维护，保护ingeneral通常，一般而言，总而言之makeabsurdmistake做了蠢事intimacy

n.亲密关系-intimateadj.亲密的，亲近的confesseverydumbthing承认每件蠢事

PartTwoPeace-KeepingLies破折号的用法Para.13…doyouconceal–withalie,ifyoumust–thefactthatyou’llbeinNewYork?Ordoyouhavethecourage–orisitthecruelty?–tosay,“I’llbeinNewYork,butsorry–Idon’tplanonseeingyou”?Note:破折号不能分割不完整的句子,也就是说破折号两边的句子成分必须完整1.用来表示或突出同位语

Onlyonethingisnowwanting—arefrigerator．用在一个解释性的插入语前面和后面，相当于一个括号Thentheproposals—bothXiaoYang'sandmine—wereadopted．2.用来概括前面列举的若干东西Newhouses，largerschools，moresheep,morepigsandchickens-everywherewesawsignsofthecommune'sprosperity．3.用来表示犹豫或迟疑I—I—Iratherthink—maybe—Amyhastakenit．4.表示在说话时有意地中断了一下，以便强调或引起别人

注意破折号后面要说的话Inaword，thespiritofthewholecountrymaybedescribedas—self-relianceandarduousstruggle．Paras.18supersede:causetobesetaside取代

onthegrounds:

basedon…-Heleftonthegroundsofill-health.

他借口身体不好，走了。-Iobjecttotheplanonthegroundsthatitistooexpensive.反对该项计划，理由是花费太大。PartTwoProtectiveLiesTranslateParas.1818.保护性谎言就是因为人们认为事实真相危害性太大而说的谎言，这类谎言通常事关重大。他们说谎，因为他们认为，人的某些价值观念压倒了说谎这一错误行为本身。他们说谎不是为个人私利，而是因为他们相信，那是为他们对之说谎的人好。他们对自己所爱的人撒谎，对最信任自己的人撒谎，就是因为他们认为这样做是有正当理由的。PartTwoProtectiveLiesPartTwoProtectiveLiesPara.22presumptuous:goingbeyondwhatisrightorproper

太过分的，放肆的playingGod扮演上帝（来替人做决定）juggle

:dealwithseveralthingsatonetime

耍弄，巧妙安排，杂耍Para.23backup支持，援助；协防；PartTwoProtectiveLiesTranslatePara.22-23有时我也说这种谎，可我明白，声称自己懂得什么对他人最好，这未免太自以为是了。这无异于是在扮演上帝。这无异于操纵和控制他人。而我们一旦开始玩起谎言戏法，就再也无法知道谎言何时会收场，究竟会滑向何方。

而且，我们会不知不觉地为了圆最开始所说的谎言而不断说谎。Paras.26-30triangulation:三角关系concede：acknowledgereluctantlycalledonsb.todosth:requiresb.todosthhaveanaffair有外遇，有婚外情adamant

adj.固执的，不动摇的，毫不让步的PartTwoTrust-keepingLiesParas.31-36Asecretthatturnouttobequiteimmoralorillegal

一个违反道德

或是违法的秘密Watergate:水门事件sticky：棘手的，难缠的；contradictory:矛盾的；PartTwoTrust-keepingLiesWatergate

(水门事件)

EarlyinthemorningonJune17,1972,policediscoveredfiveintrudersinsidetheheadquartersoftheDemocraticNationalCommittee.Theburglarswerethere,itturnedout,toadjustbuggingequipmenttheyhadinstalledduringaMaybreak-inandtophotographtheDemocrats'documents.Theburglaryandsubsequentcover-upeventuallyledtomovestoimpeachPresidentRichardNixon.Nixonresignedthepresidencyon8August1974.水门事件(美国政治丑闻,共和党总统竞选连任委员会于1972年6月17日派人潜入水门大厦民主党总部安装窃听器,此事暴露后导致尼克松总统辞职)Part4PartThreePara.38bestuckwith-beburdenedwithsthandunabletogetridofit

无法摆脱Para.39asalastresortifallotherwaysfail

-Thepolicearesupposedtousegunsonlyasalastresort.作为最后一招Part4PartThreeTranslateParas.39-41

39.可是，对我们这种擅于说谎的人来说，对我们这种说谎又不露馅的人来说，说谎还是不说谎会成为一个严肃的道德难题。我颇为赞同一位朋友的话，他说，“我愿意说谎。但只把这作为最后一手——真话总比谎话好。”

40.“因为，”他解释说，“哪怕别人对我的谎话完全信以为真，我自己可无法相信。”

41.本人也有同感.ImportantWordsandPhrasesPara.1reachaconclusionpresentultimateconclusionPresentaseriesofmoralpuzzlesParas.2-6Ourrelationshipswouldbeshortandbrutishandnasty.-assailing…with…hideouspresents/homelykidsdeclineinvitationswith…-apoliteevasionof“Youreallycookedupastorm.”Para.7-Hissilenceatthismomentiseloquentenough.-indulgein-flattery,falsepraiseandmellifluouscomments-goalongParas.8-17-liesdesignedtoavoidirritationandargument-toshelter…from-keeptroubleatbay-disapproveof-thinklessofsb.-hollerat-dodgeresponsibility-beinthemoodtodosth-assertone’srighttodosth.-makeabsurdmistakesPara.18-25-onthegrounds-backupthelies-ifconditionswerereversed,wecertainlywouldn’twantanyonelyingtousPara.26-36-onbehalfofsb-tocallontodosthPara.37-42-giveaway-bestuckwith-asalastresortImportantWordsandPhrasesParas.2-6Ourrelationshipswouldbeshortandbrutishandnasty.

人与人之间的关系就会变得粗野不快，无法持久。-assailing…with…以…攻击hideouspresents令人憎恶的礼物

homelykids相貌平平的孩子declineinvitationswith…以…婉拒邀请-apoliteevasionof“Youreallycookedupastorm.”

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