福建省龙岩市非一级达标校2023-2024学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）

2023~2024学年第一学期半期考高一英语试卷注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题；每小题分，满分分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whatdoesthemanbringback?A.Salt.B.Roses.C.Acake.2.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inarestaurant.B.Inalibrary.C.Inasupermarket.3.Whatisthewomanmostpleasedwithaboutthebook?A.Thelanguage.B.Theending.C.Thephotos.4.Whomightbethemonitor?A.Clare.B.Henry.C.Cherry.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Thehousework.B.Weekendplans.C.Theweather.第二节(共15小题；每小题分，满分分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthemountainvillage?A.Itisn’tconvenient.B.It’snoisy.C.It’sattractive.7.Wheredoesthemanprefertolive?A.Inamountainvillage.B.Inabigtown.C.Inacoastalcity.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodoatfirst?A.Buyasweater.B.Exchangeasweater.C.Returnasweater.9.Whatdoesthewomansayaboutthesweater?A.Thesleevesaretootight.B.Thestyleisoutdated.C.Thebodyistootight.10.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Findalargersweater.B.Returnthemoney.C.Findadifferentstyleofsweater.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatdoesthemancareaboutforthetour?A.Theenvironment.B.Theprice.C.Thehotel.12.Howmuchwillthemanpay?A.1,800yuan.B.2,000yuan.C.2,700yuan.13.Whatistheman’sdecision?A.Signingupforatripatonce.B.Discussingwithhiswife.C.Travelingwithhiswholefamily.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Wherearethespeakers?A.Onthebeach.B.Athome.C.Intherestaurant.15.WhendidKenstarttodothecleaning?A.At8:30am.B.At9:30amC.At10:00am.16.WhatdoesKensayabouthismother?A.She’sbeautiful.B.She’skind.C.She’sbusy.17.Whatwillthespeakersdofirst?ATakeagoodrest.B.Keepworking.C.Enjoyanicemeal.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.WhereisLily?A.Onatrain,B.Onaboat.C.Onaplane.19.WhyisLilygoingabroad?A.Tostudy.B.Tovisitherfriend.C.Totravel.20.HowlongisLily’sjourney?A.3hours.B.4hours,C.7hours.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题分，满分分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AVolunteerinSouthAfricaAreyoulookingforchancestovolunteerinAfrica?Well,exploreInternationalVolunteerHQ’spopularSouthAfricavolunteerabroadprogram.Choosefromitsdifferentprojectsandcontributetothelocalmunities.AnimalCareinCapeTown●Duration:2weeks(fromAugust12to26)●Fees:$200perweekAnxioustomakesomefourleggedfriends?AnimalCareprojectenablesvolunteerstohelpatananimalshelterwhichtakescareofcatsanddogsthathavebeenhomeless.Givethemthebestchanceoffindinganewlovinghome.ChildcareinCapeTown●Duration:4weeks(fromAugust5toSeptember2)●Fees:$275perweekFullofenergyandwanttobeachildcarevolunteer?OfferhelpwithearlychildhoodeducationinlowineareasofCapeTown.Volunteershelplocalteachersprovidehighqualitycareandeducationtochildrenfromnearbyfarms,villagesandmunities.HolidayClubinTableView●Duration:3weeks(fromJuly9to30)●Fees:$300perweekVolunteershelptoorganizeandrunfunactivitiesforstudentsduringtheirschoolholidays,makingameaningfuldifferencetothelocalmunity.Itisdesignedtohelpkeepstudentsactiveinpositiveways.SportsDevelopmentinTableView●Duration;6weeks(fromJuly21toSeptember1)●Fees:$350perweekThroughSportsDevelopmentproject,volunteerssupportafterschoolprojectsbyhelpingmoredisadvantagedstudentspracticeandplayarangeofsports.Playlocalsportsorintroduceyourownforstudentsaged615,encouragingimprovement,teamworkandfun.1.Whichofthefourprojectsbeginstheearliest?A.ChildcareinCapeTown.B.AnimalCareinCapeTown,C.HolidayClubinTableView.D.SportsDevelopmentinTableView.2.Howmuchshouldyoupayforattendingtoanimals?A.$400. B.$900. C.$1,100. D.$2,100.3.WhatarethevolunteersoftheSportsDevelopmentsupposedtodo?A.Supplychildhoodcareinpoorareas.B.Lookforanewhomeforhomelessanimals.C.Bringfuntostudentsduringschoolholidays.D.Attractmorestudentstotakepartinsports.【答案】1.C2.A3.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍的是国际志愿者总部受欢迎的几个南非海外志愿者项目。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据AnimalCareinCapeTown部分中的“Duration:2weeks(fromAugust12to26)(持续时间：2周(8月12日至26日))”可知，该志愿者项目从8月12日开始；根据ChildcareinCapeTown部分中的“Duration:4weeks(fromAugust5toSeptember2)(持续时间：4周(8月5日至9月2日))”可知，该志愿者项目开始于8月5日；根据HolidayClubinTableView部分中的“Duration:3weeks(fromJuly9to30)(持续时间：3周(7月9日至30日))”可知，该志愿者项目开始于7月9日；根据SportsDevelopmentinTableView部分中的“Duration:6weeks(fromJuly21toSeptember1)(持续时间：6周(7月21日至9月1日))”可知，该志愿者项目开始于7月21日，综合以上信息可知，这四个志愿者项目中开始最早的是HolidayClubinTableView。故选C项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据AnimalCareinCapeTown部分中的“Duration:2weeks(fromAugust12to26)；Fees:$200perweek(持续时间：2周(8月12日至26日)；费用：200美元/周)”可知，该志愿者项目持续两周，费用是每周200美元，所以应付400美元。故选A项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据SportsDevelopmentinTableView部分中的“ThroughSportsDevelopmentproject,volunteerssupportafterschoolprojectsbyhelpingmoredisadvantagedstudentspracticeandplayarangeofsports.Playlocalsportsorintroduceyourownforstudentsaged615,encouragingimprovement,teamworkandfun.(通过体育发展计划，志愿者支持课后项目，帮助更多弱势学生练习和参加一系列体育运动。参加当地体育运动或为615岁的学生介绍自己的运动，鼓励进步、团队合作和运动的乐趣。)”可知，该项目的志愿者帮助更多弱势学生练习和参加一系列的体育运动，参加当地的体育运动或者向615岁的孩子介绍自己的运动，鼓励进步、团队合作和运动的乐趣，由此可知，该志愿者项目的志愿者应该吸引更多学生参加体育运动。故选D项。BTheworldwillbeeabetterplacewhenwerealizethateveryonecanhavebaddaysandthatwecareenoughandtakeactions.AKansasfourthgradeteacherRachelHarderrecognizedthis,andshefoundanamazingwaytohelpoutbothherstudentsandtheirfamilies.Afewyearsago,Rachelattendedatrauma(精神创伤)conference.Shelearnedthatsomepolicestationspartneredwithschools.Theycouldletteachersknowwhentheirstudentsneedhelp,patienceorextracare.Ayearaftertheconference,Rachelhadastudentwithautismwhofrequentlyhaddifficultdays.Tosupportthestudent,Racheltoldthestudent’smomtosimplytexther“HandlewithCare”toletherknowwhenthestudentwasexperiencingdifficulttime.“Whenshewouldtextme,Iknewthatherdaughterneededsomeextratimeandaquietplacetogethelp,notgoingtotheplaygroundformorningannouncements(通告),sothattherestofherdaughter’sdaywentwell,”Rachelsaid.ThesimplemethodwassuchasuccessthatRacheldecidedtosendallofherstudentshomewithanotefortheirparents.Itexplainedwhatthe“HandlewithCare”systemwasandhowtheycouldmakeuseofit.Innotime,theparentsbegantoshowtheirappreciationforRachel’sunbelievableactofkindness.ButRachel’skindnessdidn’tendwithherclass.Newsspreadoftheamazingsystem,andteachersacrossthecountrybegangivingitashotintheirownclass.Printedmaterialscouldbefoundontheschoolwebsite,andthefeedback(反馈)hasbeenextremelypositive!4.WhathappenedtoRachelafewyearsago?A.Shemetwithapoliceman.B.Shenoticedsomestudentsinneed.C.Sheactedasahostatacontest.D.Sheraisedagirlwithautism.5.WhatcanweimagineRachelprobablydidtothegirlstudent?A.Sheaskedtostopthemorningannouncements.B.Shetalkedwithherintheplayground.C.Shetookherhomeaheadoftime.D.Shefortedherataquietplace.6.HowdidtheparentstreatRachel’ssystem?A.Theypaidnoattentiontoit.B.Theychangeditindailyuse.C.Theyaccepteditthankfully.D.Theyintroducedittootherspersonally.7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Apropersystem.B.Aconsiderateteacher.C.Astorygoingonline.D.Aclassinfluencingthenation.【答案】4.B5.D6.C7.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。Rachel老师通过让学生家长发送短信“小心处理”给她，暗示学生在家有状况需要呵护，提前做好帮助学生渡过难关的准备，这种方式获得家长的积极反馈，并被全国各地的老师效仿。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Afewyearsago,Rachelattendedatrauma(精神创伤)conference.Shelearnedthatsomepolicestationspartneredwithschools.Theycouldletteachersknowwhentheirstudentsneedhelp,patienceorextracare.(几年前，Rachel参加了一个创伤研讨会。她了解到一些警察局与学校合作。他们可以让老师知道他们的学生需要帮助、耐心或额外的照顾)”可知，几年前Rachel注意到了一些需要帮助的学生。故选B项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段““Whenshewouldtextme,Iknewthatherdaughterneededsomeextratimeandaquietplacetogethelp,notgoingtotheplaygroundformorningannouncements(通告),sothattherestofherdaughter’sdaywentwell,”Rachelsaid.(Rachel说：“当她给我发短信时，我知道她的女儿需要一些额外的时间和一个安静的地方来寻求帮助，而不是去操场听早上的通告，这样她的女儿一天的其余时间都过得很好。”)”可知，Rachel可能会在一个安静的地方安慰她。故选D项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Itexplainedwhatthe“HandlewithCare”systemwasandhowtheycouldmakeuseofit.Innotime,theparentsbegantoshowtheirappreciationforRachel’sunbelievableactofkindness.(它解释了什么是“小心处理”系统，以及父母们如何使用它。很快，父母们开始对瑞秋令人难以置信的善举表示感谢)”可知，学生的父母们感激地接受了。故选C项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Theworldwillbeeabetterplacewhenwerealizethateveryonecanhavebaddaysandthatwecareenoughandtakeactions.AKansasfourthgradeteacherRachelHarderrecognizedthis,andshefoundanamazingwaytohelpoutbothherstudentsandtheirfamilies.(当我们意识到每个人都可能有糟糕的日子，并且我们足够关心并采取行动时，世界就会变得更好。堪萨斯州一名四年级的老师RachelHarder意识到了这一点，她找到了一种神奇的方法来帮助她的学生和他们的家庭)”以及纵观全文可知，本文主要讲述了一位老师，意识到很多学生需要要帮助、耐心或额外的照顾，然后她用自己的方法给予需要帮助的学生帮助，事实证明，这个方法很有用，引起全国的老师们的尝试，所以本文主要讲述了一位体贴的老师。故选B项。CAnewtrendcalled“praisegroups”or“inneedofpraise”chatgroupshasbeepopularonChinesesocialmedia.InChineseculture,wheremodesty(谦逊)isvalued,openlyseekingandgivingpraiseisunmon.Thesechatgroupsprovideaplatformforpeopletoreceivepliments(赞扬)andencouragement,whichareoftenlackingintheirdailylives.Tojoinapraisegroup,userscanpayafeeonemercesites,startingat50yuanforfiveminutesofpliments.Thegroupmemberswillthenshowthepersonwithpraisesandkindwords.Theplimentscanbedesignedforafriendorlovedoneaswell.Participantshavefoundthatbeingpraisedbystrangerscanhelplifttheirspiritsandimprovetheirselfconfidence.Forexample,MengZha,astudentatShanghai’sTongjiUniversity,triedtheserviceandfounditamusinganduplifting.Shereceivedplimentsonherappearanceandevenquotes(引用)frompopularsongs.MsMengcouldn’thelpbutlaughattheplimentsandexpressedherdesiretopostsuchhighqualitypraisesinthefuture.PraisegroupshaveappearedasawayforpeopleinChinatoseekandreceiveplimentsandencouragementthatmaybelackingintheirdailylives.Itprovidesapositiveandupliftingexperienceforparticipants,improvingasenseofhappinessandselfworth.Thosewhosupportthegroups,seethemasanantidotetoextremelybadmoods(情绪)whichareoftenassociatedwiththingshappeningontheInternet.“Atfirst,thepurposeofthisgroupistomakeuslearntopraiseothersandacceptothers’praisesconfidently.Herewecandropeverything,anduseourhearttopraiseandsupportothers,”onemembersaid.Butthelifejourneyislongandtherearesomeunexpectedsituationsthatwecanonlycountonourselvestofacewhenthereisnooneouttheretoofferhelp.8.Whatisthepurposeofpraisegroups?A.Tomakepraisepopular. B.Tohaveeveryonesupported.C.Tosharemoninterests. D.Togivepeoplehopeandhappiness.9.WhatcanwelearnaboutMengZhainparagraph3?A.Shewasnotstrongenough. B.Shewasunderworkingstress.C.Shewassatisfiedwiththeservice. D.Shewasagiftedsingerinherarea.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“antidote”meaninthelastparagraph?A.Awayofmakingnewfriends. B.Akindofmedicine.C.Amethodofbeingconfident. D.Thewisdomofsolvingproblems.11.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetopraisegroups?A.Objective B.Critical.C.Supportive. D.Indifferent.【答案】8.D9.C10.B11.A【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。主要介绍了一种叫作“夸夸群”的交流形式在中国社交媒体上流行起来。这些聊天群提供了一个平台，让人们能够得到赞美和鼓励。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Thesechatgroupsprovideaplatformforpeopletoreceivepliments(赞扬)andencouragement,whichareoftenlackingintheirdailylives.(这些聊天群为人们提供了一个接受赞美和鼓励的平台，而这些在日常生活中往往是缺乏的)”和第四段第一句“PraisegroupshaveappearedasawayforpeopleinChinatoseekandreceiveplimentsandencouragementthatmaybelackingintheirdailylives.(夸夸群的出现，是中国人寻求和接受日常生活中可能缺乏的赞美和鼓励的一种方式)”可知，夸夸群旨在给人们带来希望和快乐。故选D。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“MsMengcouldn’thelpbutlaughattheplimentsandexpressedherdesiretopostsuchhighqualitypraisesinthefuture.(看到这些赞美，孟忍不住笑了，并表示希望以后也能发布这样高质量的赞美)”可推知，Meng对夸夸群的服务是满意的。故选C。【10题详解】词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“Thosewhosupportthegroups,seethemasan”以及后文“toextremelybadmoods(情绪)whichareoftenassociatedwiththingshappeningontheInternet”可知，那些支持praisegroups的人认为它们是一种药物，可以消除与互联网上发生的事情相关联的极度不好的情绪。故划线词意思是“一种药”。故选B。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Butthelifejourneyislongandtherearesomeunexpectedsituationsthatwecanonlycountonourselvestofacewhenthereisnooneouttheretoofferhelp.(但是人生的旅程是漫长的，当没有人提供帮助的时候，我们只能依靠自己来面对一些意想不到的情况)”可知，作者对夸夸群的态度既没有反对，也没有支持，只是客观地做了评价。故选A。DMostenvironmentalpollutiononEarthesfromhumansandtheirinventions,suchascarsorplastic.Today,caremissions(排放物)areamajorsourceofairpollutionleadingtoclimatechange,andplasticsfillourocean,creatingasignificanthealthissuetomarine(海洋的)animals.Andwhatabouttheelectriclight,thoughttobeoneofthegreatesthumaninventionsofalltime?Electriclightcanbeabeautifulthing,guidingushomewhenthesungoesdown，keepingussafeandmakingourhomesbright.However,likecarbondioxideemissionsandplastic,toomuchofagoodthinghasstartedtoimpacttheenvironment.Lightpollution,theinappropriateuseofoutdoorlight,isaffectinghumanhealth,wildlifebehaviorandourabilitytoobservestars.Lightpollutionisaglobalissue.ThisbecameobviouswhentheWorldAtlasofArtificialNightSkyBrightness,aputergeneratedmapbasedonthousandsofsatellitephotos,waspublishedin2016.Availableonlineforviewing,themapshowshowandwhereourglobeislitupatnight.VastareasofNorthAmerica,Europe,theMiddleEastandAsiaareglowing(发光)withlight,whileonlythemostremoteregionsonEarth(Greenland,CentralAfricanRepublicandNiue)areintotaldarkness.SomeofthemostlightpollutedcountriesintheworldareSingapore,Qatar,andKuwait.Skyglowisthebrighteningofthenightsky,mostlyovercities,duetotheelectriclightsofcars,streetlamps,offices,factories,outdooradvertising,andbuildings,turningnightintodayforpeoplewhoworkandplaylongaftersunset.Peoplelivingincitieswithhighlevelsofskyglowhaveahardtimeseeingmorethanahandfulofstarsatnight.Astronomersareparticularlyconcernedwithskyglowpollutionasitreducestheirabilitytoviewstars.Morethan80percentoftheworld’spopulation,and99percentofAmericansandEuropeans,liveunderskyglow.12.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph2?A.Theuseofoutdoorlightmustbeforbidden.B.Electriclighthasbothadvantagesanddisadvantages.C.Electriclightisthemainfactortokeepussafe.D.Electriclightisthegreatesthumaninvention.13.Whichofthefollowingplacesisleastaffectedbyskyglow?A.Qatar. B.Singapore. C.Kuwait. D.Niue.14.Whydoastronomersespeciallyplainaboutskyglow?A.Skyglowcoststoomuch.B.Skyglowhasabadeffectontheirsleep.C.Skyglowaffectstheirviewingstars.D.Skyglowwastestoomuchelectricity.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Lightpollution B.PlasticpollutionC.Differentkindsofpollution D.Airpollution【答案】12B13.D14.C15.A【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要说明了电灯的好处和缺点，介绍了光污染严重的问题。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Electriclightcanbeabeautifulthing,guidingushomewhenthesungoesdown,keepingussafeandmakingourhomesbright.However,likecarbondioxideemissionsandplastic,toomuchofagoodthinghasstartedtoimpacttheenvironment.Lightpollution,theinappropriateuseofoutdoorlight,isaffectinghumanhealth,wildlifebehaviorandourabilitytoobservestars.(电灯是一件美丽的东西，在太阳下山时指引我们回家，保证我们的安全，让我们的家明亮。然而，就像二氧化碳排放和塑料一样，太多的好东西已经开始影响环境。光污染，即户外光的不当使用，正在影响人类健康、野生动物行为和我们观察星星的能力)”可知，电灯给人类带来光明与方便，但太多灯光也有许多弊端。故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“VastareasofNorthAmerica,Europe,theMiddleEastandAsiaareglowing(发光)withlight,whileonlythemostremoteregionsonEarth(Greenland,CentralAfricanRepublicandNiue)areintotaldarkness.(北美、欧洲、中东和亚洲的大片地区灯火通明，而地球上只有最偏远的地区（格陵兰岛、中非共和国和纽埃）一片漆黑。)”可知，纽埃受城市光污染最小。故选D。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Astronomersareparticularlyconcernedwithskyglowpollutionasitreducestheirabilitytoviewstars.(天文学家特别关注天空辉光污染，因为它降低了他们观察恒星的能力)”可知，光污染给天文学家观察星空造成不便。故选C。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段中“Lightpollutionisaglobalissue.(光污染是一个全球性问题)”结合文章主要说明了电灯的好处和缺点，介绍了光污染严重的问题。A选项“光污染”最符合文章标题。故选A。第二节(共5小题；每小题分，满分分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Doyouknowthatpeoplecanonlyuselessthan1%ofallthewaterontheEarth?Andwecan’tdrinktherest,washwithit,oruseittowaterplants.Asourpopulationgrows,moreandmorepeopleareusingupmorewater.Soitisimportantthatweuseourwaterwiselyanddon’twasteit.____16____Turnoffthetap(水龙头)Justbyturningoffthetapwhileyoubrushyourteethinthemorningandbeforebedtime,youcansaveupto8gallonsofwatereveryday!____17____.Turnoffthetap!Puttheplatesinthedishwasher.Takeashowerinsteadoffillingupabath____18____.Tosaveevenmorewater,keepyourshowerunderfiveminuteslong—trytimingyourselfwithaclocknexttime!____19____Thebesttimetowateryouryardisintheearlymorningorlateeveningwhenit’scooloutside.Whenyou’rehelpingyourparentswatertheyard,makesurenottowatertheplantstoomuch—rememberthatalittlewatergoesalongway!Don’tuseahose(软管)Washingyourbikeorcarwithabucket(水桶)insteadofahosesavesalotofwater.____20____.Butusingabucketonlyusesafewgallons!A.ItusesmuchlesswaterB.WateryouryardinacleverwayC.StrengthenwatersavingawarenessD.ThesameistruewhenyouwashdishesE.TherearemanysimplethingswecandotosavewaterF.Ahosecanwaste6gallonsperminuteifyouleaveitrunningG.It’stimeforustotakesomemeasurestoimprovethesituation【答案】16.E17.D18.A19.B20.F【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就节约用水提出了一些建议。【16题详解】根据上文“Asourpopulationgrows,moreandmorepeopleareusingupmorewater.Soitisimportantthatweuseourwaterwiselyanddon’twasteit.(随着人口的增长，越来越多的人正在消耗越来越多的水。因此，我们明智地使用我们的水，不要浪费它是很重要的)”以及后文主要提出了一些节约用水的建议可知，空处应承上启下，指出在日常生活中我们可以做一些力所能及的小事来节约用水。故E选项“我们可以做很多简单的事情来节约用水”符合语境，故选E。【17题详解】根据后文“Turnoffthetap!Puttheplatesinthedishwasher.(关掉水龙头！把盘子放进洗碗机)”可知，后文提到了洗碗机，说明是在洗碗的时候节约用水。故D选项“当你洗碗的时候也是一样”符合语境，故选D。【18题详解】根据上文“Takeashowerinsteadoffillingupabath(洗个淋浴，而不是把浴缸装满水)”以及后文“Tosaveevenmorewater,keepyourshowerunderfiveminuteslong—trytimingyourselfwithaclocknexttime!(为了节省更多的水，把你的淋浴时间控制在5分钟以内——下次试试用时钟计时吧！)”可知，上文建议洗淋浴，故本句说明这么做的原因：用的水少得多。故A选项“它用的水少得多”符合语境，故选A。【19题详解】根据本段内容“Thebesttimetowateryouryardisintheearlymorningorlateeveningwhenit’scooloutside.Whenyou’rehelpingyourparentswatertheyard,makesurenottowatertheplantstoomuch—rememberthatalittlewatergoesalongway!(给院子浇水的最佳时间是在外面凉爽的清晨或傍晚。当你帮你的父母给院子浇水的时候，确保不要给植物浇太多的水——记住，一点点水可以走很长的路！)”可知，本段主要是关于给院子浇水的建议，故B选项“用一种聪明的方法给你的院子浇水”符合语境，故选B。【20题详解】根据上文“Washingyourbikeorcarwithabucket(水桶)insteadofahosesavesalotofwater.(用水桶而不是软管洗自行车或汽车可以节省很多水)”以及后文“Butusingabucketonlyusesafewgallons!(但是用水桶只会用几加仑！)”可知，后文提到了用水桶的好处，可知本句是在说明用软管的情况，故F选项“如果你让软管一直开着，它每分钟会浪费6加仑”符合语境，故选F。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。ItwasaSeptemberday.Todaywasthefirstdayofhighschoolforafreshman,Kayla.Kaylahadalwaysbeenabitofashykid,butshehadalways___21___herstudies.Shewasdeterminedtomakefulluseofherhighschoolyears.Asshewalkeddownthehallways,Kaylacouldn’thelpbutfeel___22___.Theolderstudentsseemedsoconfident,whileshefeltsmallandunimportant,ButKaylawasdeterminedtosucceed,nomatterwhat___23___cameherway.Itwasn’tlongbeforeKayla’sdeterminationwasputtothe___24___.Inherfirstweekofschool,shewasassigned(分派)a(n)___25___projectthatrequiredalotofresearchandplanning.Kayladidher___26___,butshesoonrealizedthatshewasinoverherhead.Asshestruggled(努力)topletetheproject,Kaylabeganto___27___herself.Shewonderedifshewascutoutforhighschool.Butthen,something___28___happened.Kayla’sclassmatesbegantonoticehow___29___shewasworking,andtheystartedtoofferherhelpand___30___.Theygaveheradviceonhowto___31___hertimebetter,andtheysharedtheirtipsfor___32___assignments.Withtheirhelp,Kaylawasabletopletetheprojectontimeandwithgreat___33___.Fromthatdayon,Kayla___34___thathighschoolwasnotachallengetobefacedalone.Withthehelpandsupportofher___35___,shewasabletodealwithanydifficultythatcameherway.21.A.feared B.loved C.missed D.forgot22.A.bored B.excited C.worried D.interested23.A.difficulties B.honours C.reasons D.dangers24.A.use B.side C.trouble D.test25.A.simple B.challenging C.suitable D.amazing26.A.part B.share C.best D.duty27.A.teach B.doubt C.enjoy D.believe28.A.great B.strange C.confusing D.secret29.A.fast B.bravely C.fluently D.hard30.A.flash B.news C.support D.service31.A.manage B.find C.fill D.waste32.A.thinkingabout B.gettingthrough C.givingup D.askingfor33.A.freedom B.creation C.success D.trust34.A.realized B.argued C.stressed D.remended35.A.families B.customers C.teammates D.classmates【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.D25.B26.C27.B28.A29.D30.C31.A32.B33.C34.A35.D【解析】【导语】本文是记叙文。那是九月的一天。今天是新生凯拉高中生活的第一天。凯拉一直是一个有点害羞不自信的孩子，但她决心充分利用她的高中时光，在同学的帮助下完成一次高中很有挑战的项目，这让凯拉意识到并不是一个人要面对的高中挑战。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：凯拉一直是一个有点害羞的孩子，但她一直热爱她的学习。A.feared害怕；B.loved热爱；C.missed错过；D.forgot忘记。根据下文“Shewasdeterminedtomakefulluseofherhighschoolyears.”可知，她决心充分利用她的高中时光，凯拉热爱学习。故选B。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：凯拉走在走廊上，不禁感到担心。A.bored无聊的；B.excited兴奋的；C.worried担忧的；D.interested感兴趣的。根据下文“Theolderstudentsseemedsoconfident,whileshefeltsmallandunimportant”可知，凯拉对自己感到担忧。故选C。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但凯拉决心要成功，无论遇到什么困难。A.difficulties困难；B.honours荣耀；C.reasons理由；D.dangers危险。根据下文“shewasabletodealwithanydifficultythatcameherway.”可知，凯拉决心解决遇到的困难。故选A。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：没过多久，凯拉的决心就受到了考验。A.use使用；B.side旁边；C.trouble麻烦；D.test考验。根据下文“butshesoonrealizedthatshewasinoverherhead.”可知，凯拉的决心受到了考验。故选D。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在她上学的第一周，她被分配了一个具有挑战性的项目，需要做大量的研究和计划。A.simple简单的；B.challenging有挑战的；C.suitable适合的；D.amazing令人惊叹的。根据下文“thatrequiredalotofresearchandplanning.”可知，这个项目不好做，有挑战性。故选B。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：凯拉尽了最大的努力，但她很快意识到自己力不从心。A.part部分；B.share分享；C.best最高水平；D.duty职责。根据下文“Asshestruggled(努力)topletetheproject”可知，凯拉尽最大努力去做项目。故选C。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她努力完成这个项目时，凯拉开始怀疑自己。A.teach教；B.doubt怀疑；C.enjoy享受；D.believe相信。根据下文“Shewonderedifshewascutoutforhighschool.”可知，凯拉怀疑自己是否适合上高中。故选B。28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但随后，伟大的事情发生了。A.great伟大的；B.strange奇怪的；C.confusing令人困惑的；D.secret秘密的。根据下文“andtheystartedtoofferherhelp”可知，同学们帮助凯拉，这是伟大的事情。故选A。【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：凯拉的同学们开始注意到她学习有多努力，他们开始给她提供帮助和支持。A.fast快速；B.bravely勇敢；C.fluently流利；D.hard努力。根据上文“Asshestruggled(努力)topletetheproject,”可知，同学们发现凯拉很努力想完成项目。故选D。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：凯拉的同学们开始注意到她学习有多努力，他们开始给她提供帮助和支持。A.flash闪光；B.news新闻；C.support支持；D.service服务。根据下文“Withthehelpandsupport”可知，同学们帮助支持凯拉。故选C。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们给了她如何更好地管理时间的建议，并分享了他们完成任务的技巧。A.manage管理；B.find找到；C.fill填满；D.waste浪费。根据下文“hertimebetter,”可知，同学们帮助凯拉更好管理时间。故选A。【32题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们给了她如何更好地管理时间的建议，并分享了他们完成任务的技巧。A.thinkingabout考虑；B.gettingthrough完成；C.givingup放弃；D.askingfor要求得到。根据下文“Withtheirhelp,Kaylawasabletopletetheproject”可知，同学们分享给凯拉如何完成任务的技巧。故选B。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他们的帮助下，凯拉能够按时完成这个项目，并取得了巨大的成功。A.freedom自由；B.creation创造；C.success成功；D.trust信任。根据下文“Withtheirhelp,Kaylawasabletopletetheprojectontimeandwithgreat”可知，在同学们帮助下，凯拉成功完成项目。故选C。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那天起，凯拉意识到高中并不一个人要面对挑战。A.realized意识到；B.argued争论；C.stressed强调；D.remended推荐。根据下文“Withthehelpandsupportofher15,shewasabletodealwithanydifficultythatcameherway.”可知，凯拉意识到高中不是一个人面对挑战。故选A。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在同学的帮助和支持下，她能够处理任何遇到的困难。A.families家人们；B.customers顾客们；C.teammates队友们；D.classmates同学们。根据上文“Kayla’sclassmatesbegantonotice”可知，同学们帮助了凯拉。故选D。第二节(共10小题；每小题分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Weweregoingtoplayagainstateamfromacountryschool.Theydidn’te____36____thelastminute.Theylooked____37____(bad)thanwehadthought.Theywerewearing____38____(dirt)bluetrousersandlookedlikefarmboys.Wesatdownforarest.We____39____(feel)thatwedidn’tneedanypracticeagainstateamlikethat.Thegamebegan.Oneofusgottheballandheshotalongpasstoourforward(前锋).Fromoutofnowhereaboy____40____wasinanoldTshirtstoppedtheballandwithbeautifulstyle,heshotandgottwopoints.Thenanothertwopointsinaminute.Soonthegamewasallover.We____41____(beat)bythecountryteam.Afterthat,wethoughtalot.We____42____(certain)learnedthateventhoughyourteamisverygood,youcan’tlookdown____43____theothersandstillneed____44____(do)yourbest.Andthemostimportantlessonwelearnedwas:Onecan’tjudge(判断)apersonorateamonlyby_____45_____(they)clothes.【答案】36.until37.worse38.dirty39.felt40.that##who41.werebeaten42.certainly43.upon44.todo45.their【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者他们和一个乡村学校的球队比赛，因为低估对手，导致输掉了比赛。【36题详解】考查固定句型。句意：他们直到最后一刻才来。表示“直到……才……”句型为not…until…。故填until。【37题详解】考查比较级。句意：他们看起来比我们想象的还要糟糕。根据后文thanwehadthought可知应用比较级。故填worse。【38题详解】考查形容词。句意：他们穿着肮脏的蓝色裤子，看起来像农村男孩。修饰名词trousers应用形容词dirty，故填dirty。【39题详解】考查时态。句意：我们觉得面对这样一支球队，我们不需要任何训练。根据上文Wesatdownforarest.可知为一般过去时。故填felt。【40题详解】考查定语从句。句意：不知从哪里冒出来一个穿着旧T恤的男孩把球停了下来，他漂亮地投了一球，得了两分。定语从句修饰先行词boy，在从句作主语，指人，故填that/who。【41题详解】考查时态语态。句意：我们被农村队打败了。主语与谓语构成被动关系，结合上文Soonthegamewasallover.可知为一般过去时的被动语态，主语为we，谓语用复数。故填werebeaten。【42题详解】考查副词。句意：我们当然学到了，即使你的团队很好，你也不能看不起别人，仍然需要做到最好。修饰动词learn应用副词cer