高中英语Unit 2 The Olympic Games Learning about Language 课件

Unit2TheOlympicGamesLearningaboutLanguage

ActiveandPassiveVoiceThevoiceofaverbtellswhetherthesubjectofthesentenceperformsorreceivestheaction.InEnglishtherearetwovoices,passiveandactive.ActiveVoice

Inactivevoice,thesubjectperformstheactionexpressedbytheverb:Thestudentwroteasong.PassiveVoice

Inpassivevoice,thesubjectreceivestheactionexpressedbytheverb:Asongwaswrittenbythestudent.FormingTensesofPassiveVerbs☆被动语态的时态是由be的时态决定的，be是什么时态，全句就是什么时态，be后面的过去分词不变。时态主语单数复数过去分词一般现在时

Thecar/carsisaredesigned.一般过去时Thecar/carswasweredesigned.现在完成时Thecar/carshasbeenhavebeendesigned.时态主语单数复数过去分词现在进行时Thecar/carsisbeingarebeingdesigned.过去进行时Thecar/carswasbeingwerebeingdesigned.时态主语单数复数过去分词过去完成时Thecar/carshadbeenhadbeendesigned.一般将来时Thecar/carswillbewillbedesigned.将来完成时Thecar/carswillhavebeenwillhavebeendesigned.TheFuturePassiveVoice基本结构：shall/will+be+过去分词。shall用于第一人称，will用于各人称。一般将来时被动语态用法:1.肯定形式：由“shall/will+be+过去分词”构成。使用时应注意下面句型由主动语态变为被动语态的方法。（1）

主语+谓语+宾语。例如：主动:We’llbuildanewhousenextyear.被动:Anewhousewillbebuilt(byus)nextyear.（2）主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语(习惯上把间接宾语变为被动语态的主语)主动:Mymotherwillgivemeashirt.被动:Iwillbegivenashirt(bymymother).如果把直接宾语改为主语时,则在间接宾语前加to或for主动:Mymotherwillgivemeashirt.被动:Anewshirtwillbegiventome(bymymother).（3）主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语。如果是含有复合宾语的主动句变成被动句时,将其中的宾语变为主语,宾语补足语不变。例如:主动:We’llaskhimtohelpyoutomorrow.被动:Hewillbeaskedtohelpyou(byus)tomorrow.2.否定形式：shall/will+not+be/never+过去分词Weshallnotbeaskedtobetherebeforeeight.不要求我们八点钟之前到那里。Theywon’tbestoppedoutsidethestadium.Theyhavetickets.他们不会被挡在体育馆外面的。他们有票。3.一般疑问形式：shall/will+主语+be+过去分词ShallIbeadmittedintothestadium?我会被允许进体育馆吗？Willhebecheeredupbythewatcherswhencompetingintherace?他在竞赛时会得到观众的鼓励吗？1.—Whatdoyouthinkofstoreshoppinginthefuture?—Personally,Ithinkitwillexistalongwithhomeshoppingbut_____.【2011安徽，26】A.willneverreplaceB.wouldneverreplaceC.willneverbereplacedD.wouldneverbereplaced【真题在线】【解析】选C。考查时态和语态。句意：——你认为未来的商场购物会如何——依我看，商场购物会和家庭购物并存，但是永远不会被代替。根据句子结构，but后应为一般将来时；句中主语it指storeshopping，but后应用被动语态。2.Inthenearfuture,moreadvancesintherobottechnology_____byscientists.【2011湖南，34】Ａ．aremakingB．aremadeC．willmakeD．willbemade【解析】选D。考查时态和语态。句意：在不久的将来，科学家们会在机器人技术方面取得更多进展。由byscientists可知该填被动语态，根据Inthenearfuture可知该填将来时。一般将来时其他的常见被动结构：be+going+tobedone表“即将发生的或最近打算进行的被动”be+tobedone表“安排、命令、义务、可能性等的被动”be+about+todo表“刚要、即将做某事”1.Thehouseisgoingtobepulleddownsoon.这座房子不久将被拆除。2.Theworkisgoingtobefinishednextweek.这项工作下周要完成。3.Allthesethingsaretobedone.所有这些事情都得做完。4.YourcompositionistobehandedinsometimebeforeFridaythisweek.你的作文在本周五之前交上。点睛动词短语变被动语态时不能漏掉介词或副词。Theoldmanisoftenlaughedat.2.在时间、条件状语从句中用一般现在时的被动语态代替一般将来时的被动语态。Tomsayshewillleavethecompanyifheispunishedfortheaccident.汤姆说如果他会因此事故受罚的话，他就离开这个公司。【即学即练】

1.The

wet

weather

will

continue

tomorrow,when

a

cold

front_____to

arrive.A.is

expected

B.is

expectingC.expects

D.will

be

expected【解析】选A。考查动词的时态和语态。句意：潮湿的天气明日将会继续，预计一股冷空气的前锋将要到来。本句中主句用了将来时，那么状语从句中则用一般现在时代替将来时；此外，从句的主语是物，所以用被动语态。2.ThisisTed’sphoto.Wemisshimalot.He_____tryingtosaveachildintheearthquake.A.killedB.iskilledC.waskilledD.waskilling【解析】选C。句意：这是Ted的照片，我们都很怀念他，他在地震中因试图救一个孩子而死。根据题意，此处需用被动形式表达被动意义，B项时态不对。3.Visitors_____nottotouchtheexhibits.A.willrequestB.requestC.arerequestingD.arerequested【解析】选D。句意：要求参观者不要动展品。需用被动结构。此句为一般现在时的被动结构。4.Anewbook______bythatcompanynextyear.A.willbepublishedB.willpublishC.waspublishedD.ispublished【解析】选A。句意：明年那家公司将出版一本新书。时态应为一般将来时，语态为被动语态。一般将来时的被动语态构成：will/shall+be+过去分词。5–Sorry,youwillhavetowaitforadayortwothenyourdress_______.–OK,Iwillcometofetchitthen.isfinishedB.willbefinishedC.willbefinishingD.willhavefinished【解析】选B。句意：——抱歉，你