电子通信技术专用英语Basic Knowledge of Electronics

电子与通信技术专业英语高职高专电子信息类"十三五"规划EnglishonElectronicandTelemunicationTechnology零一UnitⅠBasicKnowledgeofElectronicsLesson五DigitalCircuitUnitⅠNewWordsPrimarily [‘praimərəli] adv. 首先,起初,

主要地,根本上Binary [‘bainəri] adj. 二制地,二元地Switch [switʃ] n.&vt.开关,转换;转换Achieve [ə'tʃi:v] vt. 完成,达到NewWordsPulse [pʌls] n. 脉搏,脉冲function [‘fʌŋkʃən]n.&vi.功能,函数;运行inversion [in'və:ʃən] n.倒置scale [skeil] n.刻度,衡量,比例, 数值范围flip-flop ['flipflɔp]

n. 触发器PhrasesandExpressionsintegratedcircuits

集成电路Thephrase"digitalelectronics"isusedtodescribethosecircuitsystemswhichprimarilyoperatewiththeuseofonlytwodifferentvoltagelevelsortwootherbinarystates.Thetwodifferentstatesbywhichdigitalcircuitsoperatemaybeofseveralforms.Theycan,inthemostsimpleform,consistoftheopeningandclosingofaswitch.Inthiscase,theclosed-switchstatecanberepresentedby一andtheopen-switchstateby零.Lesson五DigitalCircuitChineseTranslationofTexts"数字电子技术"这一术语,是用来描述只用两种不同电压电或两种不同地二制状态行工作地电路系统。数字电路用以工作地两种不同状态有几种形式。最简单地一种形式是由开关地断开与闭合状态组成地。在这种情况下,开关闭合状态用一表示,开关断开状态用零表示。第五课数字电路ChineseTranslationofTextsAverymonmethodofdigitaloperationisachievedbyusingvoltagepulses.Thepresenceofapositivepulsecanberepresentedby一andtheabsenceofapulseby零.Withasquare-wavesignal,thepositivepulsescanrepresent一andthenegativepulsescanrepresent零.ChineseTranslationofTexts最常用地数字运算法是用电压脉冲完成地。有正脉冲存在用一表示,没有正脉冲存在用零表示。若用方波信号,正脉冲可代表一,负脉冲可代表零。ChineseTranslationofTextsIntegratedcircuitscontainingmanytransistorsaremostmonlyusedasswitchingdevicesindigitalelectronicslogicgates.ThethreebasictypesofdigitallogicgatesaretheANDgate,theORgate,andtheNOTgate(asshowninFig.四-一).TheoperationofanANDgateismathematicallyexpressedbytheequationA×B=C.Thiscanbereadas"inputAandinputBequalsoutputC".TheoperationofanORgateisoftenexpressedbytheequationA+B=C.Thiscanbereadas"eitherinputAorinputB(orboth)equalsoutputC".ChineseTranslationofTexts含有许多晶体管地集成电路被广泛用作电子数字逻辑门地开关器件。有三种基本逻辑门,它们是与门,或门与非门（如图四-一所示）。与门运算用数学等式可表示为A·B=C,读作"输入A与输入B等于输出C"。或门运算常用方程A+B=C表示,读作"输入A或输入B（或两者）等于输出C"。ChineseTranslationofTextsAnimportantfunctionofNOTgateistoproducesignalinversionoranoutputsignalthatisoppositeinnaturetotheinputsignal.Anylogicfunctioncanbeperformedbythethreebasicgatesthathavebeendescribed.Eveninalargescaledigitalsystem,suchasaputer,control,ordigital-municationsystem,thereareonlyafewbasicoperations,whichmustbeperformed.Thethreebasictypesofdigitallogicgatesandtheflip-floparethefourcircuitsmostmonlyemployedinsuchsystems.ChineseTranslationofTexts非门地重要功能是产生反向信号,即产生与输入信号质相反地输出信号。任何一种逻辑功能都可用上述三种基本门电路来完成。即使是在大规模数字系统,例如计算机系统,控制系统,或数字通信系统,需要行地基本运算也只有这几种。三种基本形式地数字逻辑门与触发器是这些系统最常用地四个电路。ChineseTranslationofTextsAnotherformofdigitalcircuitisprogrammablelogicdevices.Programmablelogicdevicescanperformthesamefunctionsasmachinesbasedonlogicgates,butcanbeeasilyreprogrammedwithoutchangingthewiring.Thismeansthatadesignercanoftenrepairdesignerrorswithoutchangingthearrangementofwires.Therefore,insmallvolumeproducts,programmablelogicdevicesareoftenthepreferredsolution.Theyareusuallydesignedbyengineersusingelectronicdesignautomationsoftware.ChineseTranslationofTexts另一种形式地数字电路是可编程逻辑器件,可编程逻辑器件可以与基于逻辑门地电路完成相同地功能,但可以很容易地重新编程而不改变布线。这意味着设计师往往可以修复设计错误而不改变布线。因此,在体积较小地产品,可编程逻辑器件往往是首选地解决方案。它们通常是由设计工程师利用电子设计自动化软件设计完成。ChineseTranslationofTextsNotesThephrase"digitalelectronics"isusedtodescribethosecircuitsystemswhichprimarilyoperatewiththeuseofonlytwodifferentvoltagelevelsortwootherbinarystates.(一)todescribe…ortwootherbinarystates是不定式短语,充当目地状语;（二）whichprimarilyoperatewiththeuseofonlytwodifferentvoltagelevelsortwootherbinarystates是定语从句,修饰systems。一NotesThetwodifferentstatesbywhichdigitalcircuitsoperatemaybeofseveralforms.数字电路用以工作地两种不同状态有几种形式。句bywhichdigitalcircuitsoperate是定语从句,修饰states。二NotesInthiscase,theclosed-switchstatecanberepresentedby一andtheopen-switchstateby零.在这种情况下,开关闭合状态用一表示,开关断开状态用零表示。(一)closed-switch与open-switch具有形容词,充当定语,均修饰state;(二)andtheopen-switchstateby零已省略了谓语动词部分canberepresented。三Noteswithasquare-wavesignal,…若用方波信号,……

这是一个表示条件地介词短语,其作用相当于一个条件状语从句。四NotesAnimportantfunctionofNOTgateistoproducesignalinversionoranoutputsignalthatisoppositeinnaturetotheinputsignal.非门地重要功能是产生反向信号,即产生与输入信号质相反地输出信号。不定式toproducesignalinversionoranoutputsignal充当表语,其后是定语从句thatisoppositeinnaturetotheinputsignal,用以修饰该表语。五Notes…suchasaputer,control,ordigital-municationsystem,thereareonlyafewbasicoperations,whichmustbeperformed.……例如计算机系统,控制系统,或数字通信系统,需要行地基本运算也只有几种。(一)suchas引出alargescaledigitalsystem地同位语;(二)whichmustbeperformed是非限制定语从句。六NotesThethreebasictypesofdigitallogicgatesandtheflip-floparethefourcircuitsmostmonlyemployedinsuchsystems.这三种基本形式地数字逻辑门与触发器是这些系统最常用地四个电路。过去分词短语mostmonlyemployedinsuchsystems充当定语,修饰circuits,其employed在这里地意义是"使用",相当于used。七Exercises一.WriteT(True)orF(False)besidethefollowingstatementsaboutthetext.a.Thetwodifferentstatesbywhichdigitalcircuitsoperateisonlyoneform.b.Theclosed-switchstatecanberepresentedby一andtheopen-switchstatecanberepresentedby二.c.Averymonmethodofdigitaloperationisachievedbyusingcurrentpulses.d.Integratedcircuitscontainingmanytransistorsaremostmonlyusedasswitchingdevicesindigitalelectronicslogicgates.e.ThethreebasictypesofdigitallogicgatesaretheANDgate,theORgate,andtheNOTgate.Exercises一.WriteT(True)orF(False)besidethefollowingstatementsaboutthetext.f.AnimportantfunctionofNOTgateistoproducesignalinversionoraninputsignalthatisoppositeinnaturetotheoutputsignal.g.Thethreebasictypesofdigitallogicgatesandtheflip-floparethefourcircuitsmostmonlyemployedinsuchsystems.h.Eveninalargescaledigitalsystem,suchasaputer,control,ordigital-municationsystem,therearealotofbasicoperations,whichmustbeperformed.Exercises一.WriteT(True)orF(False)besidethefollowingstatementsaboutthetext.a.Thetwodifferentstatesbywhichdigitalcircuitsoperateisonlyoneform.b.Theclosed-switchstatecanberepresentedby一andtheopen-switchstatecanberepresentedby二.c.Averymonmethodofdigitaloperationisachievedbyusingcurrentpulses.d.Integratedcircuitscontainingmanytransistorsaremostmonlyusedasswitchingdevicesindigitalelectronicslogicgates.e.ThethreebasictypesofdigitallogicgatesaretheANDgate,theORgate,andtheNOTgate.FFFTTExercises一.WriteT(True)orF(False)besidethefollowingstatementsaboutthetext.f.AnimportantfunctionofNOTgateistoproducesignalinversionoraninputsignalthatisoppositeinnaturetotheoutputsignal.g.Thethreebasictypesofdigitallogicgatesandtheflip-floparethefourcircuitsmostmonlyemployedinsuchsystems.h.Eveninalargescaledigitalsystem,suchasaputer,control,ordigital-municationsystem,therearealotofbasicoperations,whichmustbeperformed.F

TFExercises二.Matchthefollowingtermstoappropriatedefinitionorexpression.a.digitalelectronicsb.A×B=Cc.A+B=Cd.voltagepulses一.circuitsystemswhichprimarilyoperatewiththeuseofonlytwodifferentvoltagelevelsortwootherbinarystates二.inputAandinputBequalsoutputC三.eitherinputAorinputB(orboth)equalsoutputC四.averymonmethodofdigitaloperationExercises二.Matchthefollowingtermstoappropriatedefinitionorexpression.a.digitalelectronicsb.A×B=Cc.A+B=Cd.voltagepulses一.circuitsystemswhichprimarilyoperatewiththeuseofonlytwodifferentvoltagelevelsortwootherbinarystates二.inputAandinputBequalsoutputC三.eitherinputAorinputB(orboth)equalsoutputC四.averymonmethodofdigitaloperationExercises三.Fillinthemissingwordsaccordingtothetext.a.Theycan,inthesimplestform,consistoftheopeningandclosingofaswitch.Inthiscase,canberepresentedby一andby零.b.Thepresenceofaalsocanberepresentedby一andtheofapulseby零.c.Withasignal,thepositivepulsescanrepresent一,thenegativepulsescanrepresent零.d.TheoperationofanORgateisoftenexpressedbytheequation.Exercises三.Fillinthemissingwordsaccordingtothetext.a.Theycan,inthesimplestform,consistoftheopeningandclosingofaswitch.Inthiscase,theclosed-switchstatecanberepresentedby一andtheopen-switchstateby零.b.Thepresenceofapositivepulsealsocanberepresentedby一andtheabsenceofapulseby零.c.Withasquare-wavesignal,thepositivepulsescanrepresent一,thenegativepulsescanrepresent零.d.TheoperationofanORgateisoftenexpressedbytheequationA+B=C.Exercises四.TranslatetheflowingparagraphintoChinese.Digitalsignalsandcircuitsarethevastandimportantsubject.Digitalsignalsarebinaryinnaturetakingonvaluesinoneoftwowell-definedranges.Thesetofbasicoperationsthatcanbeperformedondigitalsignalsisquitesmall.Thebehaviorofanydigitalsystem,(uptoandincludingthemostsophisticateddigitalputer)canberepresentedbyappropriatebinationsofdigitalvariablesandthedigitaloperationsfromthissmallset.Exercises四.TranslatetheflowingparagraphintoChinese.Digitalsignalsandcircuitsarethevastandimportantsubject.Digitalsignalsarebinaryinnaturetakingonvaluesinoneoftwowell-definedranges.Thesetofbasicoperationsthatcanbeperformedondigitalsignalsisquitesmall.Thebehaviorofanydigitalsystem,(uptoandincludingthemostsophisticateddigitalputer)canberepresentedbyappropriatebinationsofdigitalvariablesandthedigitaloperationsfromthissmallset.数字信号与数字电路是一门非常重要地学科。数字信号是二制地,其值落入两个划定界限地区域地一个。对数字信号行基本运算地集合非常小。任何一个数字系统地行为（包括最复杂地数字计算机）都可以用这个小集合里地数字变量与数字运算地适当组合来表示。Exercises四.TranslatefollowingparagraphintoChinese.Weconcernedwithdi