2021-2022学年山西师大实验学校高二（上）第二次月考英语试卷（12月份）（附答案详解）

2021-2022学年山西师大实验学校高二（上）第二次月考

英语试卷（12月份）

一、阅读理解(本大题共15小题，共45.0分)

A

Onthe100thanniversaryoftheCommunistPartyofChina(CPC),redtourismhasgained

popularityamongtouristswhofloodintovisithistoricsiteswithamodemrevolutionary

heritage.

Jinggangshan

ThisisoneofthemostcrucialandsplendidchaptersofhistoryofestablishingRedChinaas

wellasauniqueandwonderfulecosystem,whichiscoveredwithrichforest,ruggedpeaksand

severalmemorialstotheRedArmy.ThebesttimetovisitisbetweenAprilandOctober,with

themosttemperaturetimingAprilandMaywhenthelargeazaleas(杜鹃花)bloom.

Open：8：00-17：(X)(Feb.16-Nov.15).8：00-16：30(Nov.16-Feb.15)

Xibaipo

ItisanoldrevolutionarybasewheretheleadershipoftheCommunistPartyofChinawas

stationed,drawinguptheblueprintforanewcountry.Amemorialhallwasbuilttohonorthe

memoryofthissite.Thelakeandthehillhereaddbrillianceandbeautytoeachotherandform

pleasantscenery.

Open：TuesdaystoSundays9：30-17：00(XibaipoMemorialHall)

TheNanhuRevolutionaryMemorialHall

Anewexhibitionisheldwithupdateddisplayapproaches,includingphantomimaging(全息

影像)andoilpainting,whichareusedtoimprovevisitors*experiences.Theexhibitionshows

fourstagesoftheCPCfromitsestablishmenttoitsachievements.

Open：TuesdaystoSundays8：30-18：00(closedonMondays)

FormerSiteoftheEditorialDepartmentofNewYouth

NewYouthstartedtheNewCultureMovementandspreadtheinfluenceoftheMayFourth

Movement.ThesitewasbrieflybasedinBeijingbutmovedbacktoShanghaiin1920andalso

servedastheofficefortheCommunistPartyofChinaCentralCommitteeinthe1920s.

Open：ThursdaystoTuesdays9：00-11：30,13：30-16：30(closedonWednesdays)

1.WherewouldvisitorslearnmoreaboutthehistoryoftheRedArmy?

A.Jinggangshan.

B.Xibaipo.

C.TheNanhuRevolutionaryMemorialHall.

D.FormerSiteoftheEditorialDepartmentofNewYouth.

2.WhatdoweknowabouttheNanhuRevolutionaryMemorialHall?

A.ItfocusesonChineseachievementsinart.

B.Itmainlyadvertisesthecominganniversary.

C.Itappliesmodernizedmethodstotheexhibition.

D.ItbrieflyintroducestheriseandfallofNanhu.

3.WhencantouristsvisitFormerSiteoftheEditorialDepartmentofNewYouth?

A.At1：00p.m.onMondays.B.At9：00a.m.onWednesdays.

C.At2：00p.m.onFridays.D.At5：00p.monSundays.

B

JosephGoldbergerwasadoctorfortheUnitedStatesPublicHealthServiceandhewasan

advocatefbrscientificandsocialrecognitionofthelinksbetweenpovertyanddisease.In1914,

GoldbergerwasaskedbyUSSurgeonGeneralRupertBluetostudyaskindiseasethatwas

killingthousandsofpeopleintheSouth.Thediseasewaspellagra（糙皮病）.

GoldbergertravelledtothestateofMississippiwheremanypeoplesufferedfrompellagra.He

studiedthevictimsandtheirfamilies.Mostofthepeoplelivedahardlife.Thedoctorcameto

believethatthediseasedidn'tpassonfromonetoanother,butwasinsteadrelatedtofood.He

receivedpermissionfromthestategovernortotestthisideaataprison.Prisonerswereoffered

pardonsiftheytookpart.Onegroupofprisonersreceivedtheirusualfoods,mostlycorn

products.Asecondgroupatemeat,freshvegetablesanddrankmilk.Membersofthefirstgroup

developedpellagra.Thesecondgroupdidnot.

ButsomemedicalresearchersrefusedtoacceptGoldberger'sidea.FortheSouth,pellagrawas

morethansimplyamedicalproblem.Therewereotherthings,includingSouthernpride.

SoGoldbergerhadhimselfinjected（注射）withbloodfromapersonwithpellagra.Anassistant

alsotookpartintheexperiment.SodidGoldberger'swife.Noneofthemgotsick.

JosephGoldbergerdiedofcancerin1929.Hewasfifty-fiveyearsold.Severalyears

later,researchersdiscoveredtheexactcauseofpellagra：alackofvitaminB3knownasniacin.

4.WhowerelikelytogetpellagraaccordingtoGoldberger?

第2页，共22页

A.PeopleinthesouthofAmerica.

B.Peoplehavingapoordiet.

C.Peopleinprison.

D.Peopletouchingpellagrapatients.

5.WhatdidGoldbergerwanttoprovebytheexperimentmentionedinparagraph4?

A.Pellagrawasn'tsoterrible.

B.Pellagracouldbecured.

C.Pellagradidn'tspread.

D.PellagrawasnTamedicalproblem.

6.WhydidsomemedicalresearchersrefusetoacceptGoldberger'sidea?

A.Goldberger'sideasoundedridiculous.

B.Theyhavedonetheirownresearch.

C.Theresulthurttheirpride.

D.Goldbergerdidn'tdoenoughresearch.

7.WhichwordscanbeusedtodescribeGoldberger?

A.Selflessandfriendly.B.Devotedanddetermined.

C.Patientandexpert.D.Stubbornandenthusiastic.

c

Fordecades,wealthynationshavetransportedplasticwaste,andtheenvironmentalproblems

thatgowithit,topoorercountries,butresearchershavefoundapotentialbrightsideofthis

seeminglyunequaltrade.

Inastudy,researchersanalyzed11yearsofdataontheglobalplasticstradeagainsteconomic

measuresfor85countries.Theyfoundthattheimportofplasticwastewasassociatedwith

growthinGDPinthelow-incomecountries.Theystressedthatplasticwasteisstillabig

problem,especiallyfordevelopingcountries,asthemajorityofitdoesn*tgetrecycledandeven

plasticsthatarerecycledstillfinallynegativelyaffecttheenvironment.

Forthestudy,researchersanalyzeddatafromtheUnitedNationsandtheWorldBanklookingat

severaleconomicvariablesaswellastradeinformationoncommonplasticwaste.Whilethey

foundanassociationbetweeneconomicbenefitsandplasticwasteimportsinthelow-income

countries,forthehigh-incomecountriestherewasnoassociationbetweenimportingwasteand

economicgrowth.

Whilethestudydidn'tassessexactlyhowtheplasticwastewasmadeuseofinthedeveloping

countries,theauthorsnotethatit*slikelythey'rerecyclingsomeoftheplasticforusein

industry.Therewasalsosomeevidencethatthelow-incomecountriesweretradingtheplastic

wasteamongthemselvesregionally.

Theresearchersstressedthatthereismuchcomplexityinglobaltradingofplasticwaste.Inthe

future,theyplantoinvestigatetheregionaltradeamongcountriesaswellaschangesinmore

recentyears.Evenwiththeeconomicbenefitsofimportingplasticwaste,reducing

environmentalharmfromplasticswouldstilllikelyrequirechangesfrombothhigh-income

countriesandlow-incomecountries.

"Somepeoplemightarguethatdevelopedcountriesneedtocreatemorewaystobetterprocess

plasticwasteathome,insteadoflookingforotherdestinationsforplasticwasteabroad,"oneof

theresearcherssaid."SomecommunitiesintheUnitedStatesmaydowellinrecyclingplastic

waste,butinothers,thereisstillroomfbrimprovement.Producingandusinglessplasticwould

beanotherwaytoreduceenvironmentalharm."

8.Howdoesmostimportedplasticwasteendupindevelopingcountries?

A.Beingunrecycled.

B.Beingrepurposed.

C.Beingsoldrepeatedly.

D.Beingprocessedscientifically.

9.Whatdidthestudyfailtofocuson?

A.Howcomplextheglobaltradingofplasticwasteis.

B.Howdevelopingcountriesusetheimportedplasticwaste.

C.Whetherdevelopingcountriestradeplasticwastewitheachother.

D.Whetherhigh-incomenationsbenefitfinanciallyfromimportingplasticwaste.

10.Whatdotheresearcher'swordsinthelastparagraphimply?

A.Moreeffectivewayshavebeenfoundtohaveplasticwasteprocessed.

B.Plasticshouldbecompletelybannedforenvironmentalprotection.

C.Developedcountriesshouldhelppoorercountriesprocessplasticwaste.

D.ThedegreetowhichplasticwasteisrecycledvariesgreatlyacrossAmerica.

11.What'sthebesttitleforthetext?

A.RecyclingPlasticWasteStillHasaLongWaytoGo

B.PlasticWasteDoesPlayanImportantRoleintheGlobalTrade

第4页，共22页

C.PlasticWasteHasSomeEconomicBenefitsforDevelopingCountries

D.DevelopedCountriesShiftEnvironmentalHarmbyExportingPlasticWaste

D

YourWeak-TieFriendshipsMatterFornearlytenyears,IhavespentmyMondayevenings

attendingrehearsalsformyamateurchoir（合唱队）.Mondaysarenotmyfavoriteday,andI

oftenarriveinabadmood,butbytheendoftherehearsal,!usuallyfeelenergized.Thesinging

doesmegood.Sodothepeople.Withafewexceptionsjwouldnotdescribemyfellowchoir

membersasclosefriends.Weexchangebriefchats,smilesandjokes一butthatisenoughfor

metocomeawayfeelingalittlebetterabouttheworld.

Thereisnochoirpracticenow,andwon'tbeforalongtime.Imissit.Inlockdown,!donotfeel

shortonemotionalsupport,butIdofeelshortoffriendlyfacesandcasual

conversations.AnotherwayofputtingthisisthatImissmy"weakties.*'

In1973,MarkGranovetter,asociologyprofessoratStanfordUniversity,publishedapaper

entitled"TheStrengthofWeakTies."Untilthen,scholarshadassumedthatanindividual's

well-beingdependedmainlyonthequalityoftheirrelationshipswiththeirclosefriendsand

family.Granovettershowedthatquantitymattered,too.Hecategorizedaperson'ssocialworld

as"strongties"and"weakties."Hiscentralinsightwasthatfornewideas,weaktiesaremore

importanttousthanstrongones.AsGranovetterpointedout,thepeoplewhomweoftentalkto

swiminthesamepoolofinformationaswedo.WedependonacquaintancesC相识的人）whom

weseeinfrequentlytobringusnewsofopportunities.

ThiswastheideabehindthePixarbuilding,thedesignofwhichwasoverseenbySteve

Jobs.Thebuildinghasalargecentralhallthroughwhichemployeesfromdifferentdepartments

havetopassseveraltimesaday.Jobswantedcolleaguestobumpintoeachotherandshootthe

breeze（闲聊）.Hebelievedinthepoweroftheseseeminglyrandomconversationstofireup

creativity.

Encounterswithweaktiescanbegoodforourmentalwell-being,too.GillianSandstrom,a

seniorlecturerinpsychologyattheUniversityofEssex,investigatedtheextenttowhichpeople

gethappinessfromweak-tierelationships.Shefoundthatondayswhenapersonhadagreater

numberofcasualinteractionswithweakties-say,alocalbarista（咖啡师）,aneighbor,a

memberofyogaclass-theyexperiencedmorehappinessandagreatersenseofbelonging.

Forthesereasons,weshouldcontinuetofindwaystocultivateweak-tierelationships,during

lockdownandbeyond.Sandstromaddsthatwecanalsoengageinmoreweak-tie-style

interactionswithourstrongties.Thegoalistoletothersknowthatyouarethinkingofthem

withoutaskingforagreatdealoftime,energyorattention.

12.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorfromthearticle?

A.Shehasbeenakeensingerfromanearlyage.

B.ShefindsherMondayworkdaysquitedifficult.

C.Shebarelyknowsmostofherfellowchoirmembers.

D.Shehastroublemaintainingfriendshipsduringlockdown.

13.AccordingtoMarkGranovetter,it'slesslikelyfbryoutogetnewideasfromyour''strong

ties"mainlybecauseyoutendto.

A.havethesameconcerns

B.avoidconflictsofinterests

C.seeeachothertoofrequently

D.beexposedtosimilarfactsandideas

14.WhatisthefunctionofthecentralhallinPixarbuilding?

A.Ithelpsstaffbuildfriendship.

B.Itallowsstafftohaveabreak.

C.Itencouragestafftomeetandchat.

D.IthelpsJobscommunicatewithstaff.

15.WhatdoesSandstromwanttoconveyinthelastparagraph?

A.Wecandevelopweaktiesintostrongties.

B.Weshouldspendmoretimewithstrongties.

C.Weshouldbalanceweaktieswithstrongties.

D.Wecanapplycasualinteractionstostrongties.

二、阅读七选五(本大题共5小题，共15.0分)

Everyonemayhaveagoodunderstandingofsleep,butdoyouthinkyouknoweverythingabout

sleep?(1).

11Days

(2).Somepeopleoversleepaboutanhourortwo,butitdoesn'tgenerallygobeyondthat.Welljt

mightbeinterestingtoknowthattheworldrecordholderforsleepingis11days!

WeightbySleep

Thisoneisprettystrange,butgettingasufficientamountofsleepcanhelpyouloseweight.⑶，

第6页，共22页

whichmakesabigdifferenceifyouaretryingtoloseormaintainyourweight.Makesureyou

turnoffthelights,keepthetemperatureinyourroomcoohandgetcomfortablesheetsto

promotegoodsleep.

(4L

Sufficientsleeppromotesgoodbloodcirculation,helpsyoucontrolyourmood,andyouknowit

canhelpmonitoryourappetite.ltisnosurprisethatastudyshowsthatyoucanincreaseyour

lifeexpectancybysimplygettinghigh-qualitysleeping.

Hopefully,someofthesefactshelpyoulearnmoreaboutsleepandwhyitisalittlemore

interestingthanyoumighthavethoughtbefore.(5),soyoucangettothebottomofthe

problemandregainyourabilitytosleepwell.

A.Longevitywithsleep

B.Themoresleepyouget,thelongeryouwilllive

C.Finallyifyouhavemoreinformationaboutfacts

D.Whenitcomestosleep,mostpeoplegetabout8hoursofsleep

E.Next,somecraziestfactsaboutsleepwillbeintroducedtoyou

F.Thishappensbecausesleepingreducesyourappetitebywhopping45percent

G.Keepinmindthatsleepingwellmeanssleepingafulleighthoursandalwayssleepingatthe

sametimeeverynight

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共40.0分）

JustTwentyHoursItwasfreshmanyearofcollege.Inworldhistoryclass,myprofessorjust

droppedabombshell.30%ofourfinal(21)wouldbebasedonanassignmentthatwasgoingto

takeatleasttwentyhourstocomplete.The(22)?Communityservice.Theprofessoralsosaid

thatwhatcouldhappeninthosetwentyhoursmightsurpriseus.

Somestudentsinmyclass(23).Iwasn'tparticularlyannoyedbytheassignment,(24)Iwas

tryingtofigureouthowIwouldfindthetime.Iwasgoingtoschoolonlypart-timebecauseI

wasworkingfull-timetopayforcollege.I(25)shrugged(耸肩)myshouldersandthought"I'm

justgoingtohavetomakeitwork."

Afterdoingsomeresearch,!foundanafter-schooltutoringprogramforkidsinaformer

elementaryschool.Ifinishedmy(26),andaweeklatergotaphonecallsayingthatIhad

been(27)withafourth-gradeboynamedSteven.

Hewassmall(28)hisage,woreglassesandwasaHarryPotterfan.Hewasalittle(29)forthe

firstfewweeks,butitwasobvioushewasabrightboy.Hedidn'tneeda(30)asmuchashe

neededafriend；itseemedthathisclassmatesmostlyignoredhim.

We(31)twiceaweekfortwohours,soitonlytookmefiveweekstocompletethe(32)hoursfor

myclass.WhenIstarted,!only(33)tocompletetherequiredhoursfbrmyassignment.Butwhen

thehoursweredone,Irealizedhowsmalla(34)ithadbeenformetotutorSteven.Istillhad

enoughtimetodomyschoolworkandmyfull-timejob.Butmostimportantly,!liked

Steven.AndIcouldtellthathehadalreadygrown(35)tome.

Astheendoftheschoolyearapproached,Stevenstartedtogetalittle(36).1askedhimwhy.He

said,"Becausewhentheschoolyearisover,Iwon'tseeyouanymore."Ithenrealizedthathe

hadbecomesomuchmorethanjustakidIspenttimewithtocompleteaclassrequirement.He

(37)meofmyownlittlebrother,whomIdidn*tseeenough.ltwastimeto(38)that.

Istartedgoingonweekly(39)withmybrother,watchingmoviesorhavingdinners...Andsure

enough,inlessthanayearwebecamemuchmorethanjustbrothers.Wearebestfriends

now.Myprofessorwas(40)：alotcanhappeninjusttwentyhours.

21.A.workB.decisionC.gradeD.essay

22.A.assignmentB.appointmentC.programD.professor

23.A.complainedB.laughedC.criedD.cheered

24.A.soB.andC.orD.but

25.A.graduallyB.suddenlyC.eventuallyD.immediately

26.A.homeworkB.paperworkC.projectD.class

第8页，共22页

27.A.involvedB.comparedC.leftD.paired

28.A.ofB.forC.underD.over

29.A.quietB.generousC.activeD.curious

30.A.partnerB.brotherC.tutorD.classmate

31.A.talkedB.metC.greetedD.phoned

32.A.privateB.enjoyableC.magicD.necessary

33.A.declaredB.intendedC.agreedD.hated

34.A.sacrificeB.punishmentC.rewardD.contribution

35.A.attachedB.committedC.relatedD.addicted

36.A.excitedB.depressedC.surprisedD.scared

37.A.warnedB.informedC.remindedD.convinced

38.A.takeB.startC.doD.change

39.A.hikesB.walksC.datesD.trips

40.A.helpfulB.fairC.sincereD.right

四、语法填空(本大题共1小题，共15.0分)

41.WhenZhangLingshanwasachild,shewouldwatchtheChineseperioddramaPalaceon

television,attractedbythecharacters*ancientclothing.Shedidn'tknowwhatthese

beautifulclothes(1)(call)-onlythattheywerefromsome⑵(distance)past.nThey

lookedfairy-1ike,dreamy,ushesaid."Iwas⑶(complete)drawnbythebeautyofthese

clothes,andtheneventuallycametounderstandthecultureofHanfu,andIlikeditmore

andmore.'1

Nowagednineteenand(4)(live)inBeijing,Zhangis(5)memberofChina'sgrowing

"hanfumovement'1-arenaissance(复兴)oftheancientclothingtraditionallywornby

ethnic-majorityHanChinesebeforetheQingdynasty.Tight-knitHanfucommunitiesand

universityclubsoftenmeetforthemedactivities.Zhangandherfriendssometimesvisit

placeswithancientarchitecture,!ikeBeijing*sForbiddenCity,(6)emperorsoncelived,to

take⑺(photo)incostumeandpostthemonsocialmedia.Theyhavemorethan20,

000fanswhooftenaskthem(8)morepictures.

Nowadays,Hanfuisseenasaway(9)(celebrate)Chinesecultureandimprovenational

self^esteem.Inthepastfewyears,Hanfuclubsandsocialmediaplatforms(10)(help)

tobringtheHanclothingbackunderthespotlight.MIt'stheconfidenceoftheyounger

people,theconfidenceofthecountry,"saidChristineTsui,afashioncolumnistand

researcherinShanghai.

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

五、短文改错(本大题共1小题，共10.0分)

42.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文

中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删

除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(A),并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下而写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

Theotherday,IwasinvitedmyfriendSam'shomefordinner.IfeltabitsurprisingwhenI

sawBillthere.Itwastwomonthsincewetwohadquarreled,soIwasembarrassedand

didn'tknowhowtodo.IsatdownonthesofabutbegantowatchTV.Later,Samcameto

askmetomakeupwithBill.UntilthenIrealizethatSamhadarrangedthedinneron

purpose.HewentuptoBillandgreetedhimwarmly,smileathim.Helookedverbhappy

andtalkedwithmeexcited.Thatnight,wehadgreatfuntogether.

六、书面表达(本大题共1小题，共25.0分)

43.假定你是李华，你的加拿大朋友Zack来邮件告诉你说，他未能通过“朗诵唐诗”选

拔赛thetryoutfor"TangPoetryRecitalContest"o请你用英文给Zack写一封慰问邮

第10页，共22页

件，主要内容包括：

1、点明得知的情况；

2、表达理解和安慰；

3、鼓励对方。

注意：

I、词数100左右；

2、可以适当增加情节和连贯语。

(1)

(2)

(3)

答案和解析

1~3.【答案】A、C、C

【解析】（1）A.细节理解题。根据第二段themostcrucialandsplendidchaptersofhistory

ofestablishingRedChinaaswellasauniqueandwonderfulecosystem,whichiscoveredwith

richforest,ruggedpeaksandseveralmemorialstotheRedArmy.

这是建立红色中国历史上最重要、最辉煌的篇章，也是一个独特而奇妙的生态系统，它

覆盖着茂密的森林、崎岖的山峰和几座红军纪念碑。可知，想要了解红军历史，可以前

往井冈山，故选A。

（2）C.细节理解题。根据第四段Anewexhibitionisheldwithupdateddisplay

approaches,includingphantomimaging（全息影像）andoil

painting,whichareusedtoimprovevisitors'experiences.Theexhibitionshowsfourstagesof

theCPCfromitsestablishmenttoitsachievements.

一个新的展览以最新的展示方式举行，包括全息影像展览展示了中国共产党从成立到取

得成就的四个阶段。可知，该展览运用了现代技术，故选C。

（3）C.细节理解题。根据FormerSiteoftheEditorialDepartmentofNewYouth

介绍内容。pen：ThursdaystoTuesdays9：00-11：30,13：30-16：30（closedon

Wednesdays）.开放时间：周四至周二9：00-11：30,13：30-16：30（周三休息）。

可知，游客可以在星期五下午2点去游览该地方，故选C。

本文是一篇广告布告类阅读，主要向读者介绍了建党100周年时，一些红色旅游景点重

新受到人们的关注，后文对其特点进行了说明。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找

出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

4~7.【答案】B、C、C、B

【解析】（1）B.细节理解题。根据第二段"Mostofthepeoplelivedahardlife.Thedoctorcame

tobelievethatthediseasedidn'tpassonfromonetoanother,butwasinsteadrelatedtofood."

（大多数人过着艰苦的生活。医生开始相信这种疾病并不是从一个传染到另一个，而是

与食物有关）以及"Membersofthefirstgroupdevelopedpellagra.Thesecondgroupdidnot."

（第一组的成员患了糙皮病。第二组没有）可知，Goldberger认为糙皮病与食物有关，

第12页，共22页

并且在监狱里做实验进行验证，所以不良的饮食容易导致人们患糙皮病。故选B项。

（2）C.推理判断题。根据第二段"Thedoctorcametobelievethatthediseasedidn'tpasson

fromonetoanother,butwasinsteadrelatedtofood."（医生开始相信这种疾病并不是从一

个传染到另-个，而是与食物有关）可知，医生开始相信糙皮病不会传染，而是由食物

导致的，以及第四段"SoGoldbergerhadhimselfinjected（注射）

withbloodfromapersonwithpellagra.Anassistantalsotookpartintheexperiment.SodidG

oldberger'swife.Noneofthemgotsick."所以Goldberger给自己注射了糙皮病患者的血。

一名助手也参加了实验。Goldberger的妻子也是。他们都没有生病）可知，糙皮病没有

通过血液传播，所以Goldberger想通过第四段中提到的实验证明糙皮病是不传染的。故

选C项。

（3）C.细节理解题。根据第三段"FortheSouth,pellagrawasmorethansimplyamedical

problem.Therewereotherthings,includingSouthernpride."（对于南方来说，糙皮病不仅

仅是一个医学问题。还有其他事情，包括南方的骄傲）可知，一些医学研究者拒绝接受

Goldberger的观点是因为结果伤害了他们的骄傲，即结果伤害了他们的自尊心。故选C

项。

（4）B.观点态度题。通读全文，Goldberger在想到自2观点后，在监狱做实验，并在

自己身上进行实验，这体现了Goldberger全心全意地投入糙皮病的研究当中，具有奉献

精神，尽管一些医学研究人员拒绝接受Goldberger的观点，但是他仍然坚持自己的观点

并努力去证明那是正确的，体现Goldberger是意志坚定的。综上，Goldberger具有奉献

精神且意志坚定。A.Selflessandfriendly无私和友好的；B.Devotedanddelemiined有奉

献精神且意志坚定的；C.Patientandexpert耐心和专业的；D.Stubbornandenthusiastic固

执而热情的。故选B项。

这是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了美国的一名医生Goldberger,通过不懈的努力和实验证明了

糙皮病与食物相关，是不传染的。

1.直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原

文基本一致的题目。

2.间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，

做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。

3.综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是

原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来

分析。

8~11.【答案】A、B、D、C

【解析】（1）A.细节理解题。根据第二段的"Theystressedthatplasticwasteisstillabig

problem,especiallyfordevelopingcountries,asthemajorityofitdoesn'tgetrecycledandeven

plasticsthatarerecycledstillfinallynegativelyaffecttheenvironment"（他们强调，塑料垃

圾仍然是一个大问题，特别是对发展中国家来说，因为大多数塑料垃圾没有得到回收，

即使是回收的塑料最终也会对环境产生负面影响）可知，大多数进口塑料垃圾最终在发

展中国家无法回收，故选A。

（2）B.细节理解题。根据第四段的"Whilethestudydidn'tassessexactlyhowtheplastic

wastewasmadeuseofinthedevelopingcountries,theauthorsnotethatit'slikelythey're

recyclingsomeoftheplasticforuseinindustry."（虽然这项研究没有准确评估发展中国家

是如何利用塑料垃圾的，但作者指出，他们可能正在回收一些塑料用于工业）可知，该

研究没有关注发展中国家如何使用进口塑料垃圾，故选B。

（3）D.推理判断题。根据最后一段的"SomecommunitiesintheUnitedStatesmaydowell

inrecyclingplasticwaste,butinothers,thereisstillroomforimprovement"（美国的一些社区

在回收塑料垃圾方面可能做得很好，但在其他地方，仍有改进的空间）可推知，在美国，

塑料垃圾回收的程度差别很大，故选D。

（4）C.标题判断题。本文主要讲的是在低收入国家，塑料垃圾的进口与GDP增长有

关，因此最好的题目为C选项PlasticWasteHasSomeEconomicBenefitsforDeveloping

Countries（塑料垃圾对发展中国家有一些经济效益），故选C。

本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在低收入国家，塑料垃圾的进口与GDP增长有关。

做这类阅读理解，要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相

关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

12~15.【答案】B、D、C、D

【解析】（1）B.细节理解题。根据第一段

Mondaysarenotmyfavoriteday,andIoftenarriveinabadmood.星期一不是我最喜欢的一

天，我常常心情不好。可知，作者发现周一工作日很困难。故选B。

（2）D.细节理解题。根据第三段

Hiscentralinsightwasthatfornewideas,weaktiesaremoreimportanttousthanstrongones.

AsGranovetterpointedout,thepeoplewhomweoftentalktoswiminthesamepoolofinfor

第14页，共22页

mationaswedo.Wedependonacquaintances（相i只的人）

whomweseeinfrequentlytobringusnewsofopportunities.他的核心观点是，对于新思想

来说，泛泛之交比铁哥们或好闺蜜更重要。正如格兰诺维特所指出的，我们经常与之交

谈的人与我们在同一个信息池中畅游。我们依靠不常见面的熟人给我们带来机会的消息。

可知，格兰诺维特认为你不太可能从铁哥们或好闺蜜那里获得新想法，主要是因为你往

往会和他（她）们有类似的事实和想法。故选D。

（3）C.细节理解题。根据第四段

Jobswantedcolleaguestobumpinloeachotherandshootthebreeze（闲

聊）.Hebelievedinthepoweroftheseseeminglyrandomconversationstofireupcreativity.

乔布斯希望同事们彼此碰面，畅所欲言。他相信这些看似随意的对话能激发创造力。可

知，皮克斯大楼中央大厅是用来鼓励员工碰面或闲聊的。故选C。

（4）D.推理判断题。根据最后一段

Forthesereasons,weshouldcontinuetofindwaystocultivateweak-tierelationships,during1

ockdownandbeyond.Sandstromaddsthatwecanalsoengageinmoreweak-tie-styleinteract

ionswithourstrongties.出于这些原因，我们应该继续寻找方法，在封锁期间和之后培养

泛泛之交。Sandstrom补充说，我们也可以与我们的牢固关系进行更泛泛之交式的互动。

可知，Sandstrom想要表明的是我们可以将随意的互动应用于牢固的关系之中。故