高考人教版英语一轮课件必修2Unit2TheOlympicGames

[单元主题语境]

人与社会之体育活动、大型体育赛事、体育与健康、体育精神(2019·高考北京卷)话题：团队建设词数：292难度：★★★Muchoftheworkintoday'sworldisaccomplished(完成)inteams.Mostpeoplebelievethebestwaytobuildagreatteamistogatheragroupofthemosttalentedindividuals.

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Companiesspendmillionshiringtopbusinesspeople.Istheirmoneywellspent?

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Theyfocusedonfootball，basketballandbaseball.Theresultsaremixed.Forfootballandbasketball，addingtalentedplayerstoateamprovesagoodmethod，butonlyuptothepointwhere70%oftheplayersaretoptalent；abovethatlevel，theteam'sperformancebeginstodecline.Interestingly，thistrendisn'tevidentinbaseball，whereadditionalindividualtalentkeepsimprovingtheteam'sperformance.Toexplainthisphenomenon，theresearchersexploredthedegreetowhichagoodperformancebyateamrequiresitsmemberstocoordinate(协调)theiractions.

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Inbaseball，theperformanceofindividualplayersislessdependentonteammates.Theyconcludethatwhentaskinterdependenceishigh，teamperformancewillsufferwhenthereistoomuchtalent，whileindividualtalentwillhavepositiveeffectsonteamperformancewhentaskinterdependenceislower.Ifabasketballstaris，forexample，tryingtogainahighpersonalpointtotal，hemaytakeashothimselfwhenitwouldbebettertopasstheballtoateammate，affectingtheteam'sperformance.Youngchildrenlearningtoplayteamsportsareoftentold，“ThereisnoIinTEAM.”

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Anotherpossibilityisthatwhenthereisalotoftalentonateam，someplayersmaymakelesseffort.Justasinagameoftug­of­war(拔河比赛)，wheneverapersonisadded，everyoneelsepullstheropewithlessforce.

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AnA­teammayrequireabalance—notjustAplayers，butafewgenerousBplayersaswell.A．It'snotasimplemattertodeterminethenatureoftalent.B．Sportsteamownersspendmillionsofdollarsattractingtoptalent.C．Thegroupinteractionanditseffectdrewtheresearchers'attention.D．Starsapparentlydonotfollowthisbasicprincipleofsportsmanship.E．Severalrecentstudiesexaminedtheroleoftalentinthesportsworld.F．Buildingupadreamteamismorecomplexthansimplyhiringthebesttalent.G．Thistaskinterdependencedistinguishesbaseballfromfootballandbasketball.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了优秀人才在团队建设中的作用、地位和分布比例等。通过几项研究，得出的结论是：一个好的团队，其成员构成需要平衡，既要有优秀的人，也要有普通的人。在团队建设中优秀人才的引进不能简单地搞“一刀切”。46．解析：词汇锁定法解题。空格前说“大多数人认为建一个好的团队的最好方法是聚集一群最有天赋(talented)的人”，空格后说“公司花数百万(millions)雇用顶级商业人士”，由此可知空格处选B项“体育队的老板花数百万(millions)美元吸引体育天才(talent)”，B项中的millions和talent与上下文对应，故应选B项。答案：B47．解析：关联逻辑法解题。根据空格后的“Theresultsaremixed.”可知，空格处是研究的结果，选项E中的Severalrecentstudies与之对应，故答案为E。答案：E48．解析：词汇锁定法解题。空格后先是提到了baseball，后又提到了basketball，对天才球员在这两项运动中所起的作用进行了研究，由此可知，空格处涉及baseball和basketball。选项G中的baseball，football，basketball与之对应，故答案为G。答案：G49．解析：关联逻辑法解题。根据空格前的“学习参加团队运动的小孩子经常被告知‘团队里没有个人’”可推断出，选项D“明星们很明显不遵守体育精神这一基本原则”符合语境，故答案为D。答案：D50．解析：关联逻辑法解题。根据空格后的“一个优秀的团队需要平衡”可知，选项F“建立一支梦之队比单纯雇用最优秀的人才更复杂”，符合语境，故答案为F。答案：F一、语言能力熟词生义/词类活用1．individualn．__________________2．pointn．____3．pointtotal____4．shotn．____5．naturen．__________个人；与众不同的人程度总分投篮本质，本性二、思维品质1．阅读七选五技巧——问题在段首假如问题出现在段首，它通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。第47题根据下文“Theresultsaremixed.”可知，E项“最近几份研究核查了天才在运动界的角色”与之对应，故选E。2．分析长难句并翻译句子Forfootballandbasketball，addingtalentedplayerstoateamprovesagoodmethod，butonlyuptothepointwhere70%oftheplayersaretoptalent；abovethatlevel，theteam'sperformancebeginstodecline.[分析]本句是一个由but连接的____句，第一个分句中动名词短语addingtalentedplayerstoateam作____，后一个分句中where引导________，修饰先行词thepoint。并列主语定语从句[翻译]_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________三、文化素养思考：通过阅读这篇文章，你认为如何处理个人和团队的关系？____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

对于足球和篮球来说，将有天赋的球员加入一个球队被证明是一个很好的方法，但最多只能有70%的天才球员，超过这个水平，球队的表现就开始下降。我们应该有团队精神和合作意识。俗话说：“人心齐，泰山移。”个人的力量很渺小，只有融入团队，只有与团队一起奋斗，才能实现个人价值的最大化，才能成就自己的卓越！NO.1单词——在语境中应用，在拓展中记多01核心单词…………[先识记]请根据汉语提示完成下列词块1．______________coalby/withgas用煤气代替煤2．__________________towaterthetrees自愿给树木浇水3．______________overtheprice讨价还价4．____________twodollars索价两美元areplacevolunteerbargaincharge5．winagold__________赢得金牌6．________himtendollars罚他10美元7．______________toberewarded值得嘉奖8．__________mymistakes承认我的错误9．______________inthegames参加比赛10．the________fortonight'sprogram今晚的节目主持人11．an______________city一座古城12．a______________idea/dream一个荒唐的想法/梦medalfinedeserveadmitcompetehostancientfoolish13．feelcompletely________________感到绝望14．leavetheir________________离开他们的祖国hopelesshomeland[再拓展]请填入括号内单词的正确形式1．Eatingproperlyandexercising__________________(regular)canmakeoneenjoyahealthierandlongerlife.2．Itwas______________ofyoutorefertoyournotesinsuchanimportanttest.Stopmakinga________ofyourself.(fool)3．Youshouldhavethecourage________________(admit)yourmistakes.regularlyfoolishfooltoadmit4．Alltheexcited______________whoarerelatively________________are__________forthehonorofwinningthegoldmedalinthe____________.(compete)5．Sheisina________________situation，andshe__________thatsomeonewillcomeandhelphergetthrough.(hope)6．Alargenumberof______________fromtheuniversity____________toteachintheremotevillages.Their__________________workiswellworthpraising.(volunteer)competitorscompetitivecompetingcompetitionhopelesshopesvolunteersvolunteervoluntary7．We'llbe_____________foryoursafetyandyouneedtotake______________foryouractions.(responsible)8．______________aresupposedtobehonestaboutthe______________.Ifyou__________________yourgoodsinadishonestway，youwillbefined.(advertise)responsibleresponsibilityAdvertisersadvertisementsadvertise02阅读单词…………标注不认识的单词，回查单词表重新记忆□princess□motto□swift□nowadays□glory□mascot□slave□gymnastics□athletics□stadium

NO.2短语——在拼写中记牢，在联想中积累[必会短语]请根据汉语提示完成下列词块1．______________passengers搭载乘客2．________________theproblem解决这个问题3．________________________thecase负责这个案子4．____________________事实上5．________________________manyactivities参加很多活动6．_____________________thesecretary代替那个秘书pickupworkoutinchargeofasamatteroffacttakepartintaketheplaceof7．____________________somespellingmistakes除了一些拼写错误8．__________________alifelonglearning支持终身学习9．doit____________________故意所为10．speakEnglish______________也说英语apartfromstandfor onpurpose aswell[词汇积累]1．表示“愚蠢与聪明”的形容词小结①foolish愚蠢的；傻的②stupid愚蠢的③silly傻的④clever聪明的⑤smart聪明的；机敏的⑥bright聪明的⑦wise明智的；聪明的⑧intelligent智能的；聪明的2．过去式、过去分词和现在分词双写辅音字母的单词荟萃①admit：admitted/admitted/admitting②permit：permitted/permitted/permitting③plan：planned/planned/planning④refer：referred/referred/referring⑤prefer：preferred/preferred/preferringNO.3句式——在解读中学懂，在学写中学通请根据提示完成下列句子1．what引导的名词性从句，意为“所……的地方；所……的东西”给我印象最深的是，84岁的他在新冠疫情暴发之初，毫不犹豫地奔赴疫区前线。_______________________isthataged84,herushedtothefrontlineoftheepidemicareawithouthesitationatthebeginningoftheoutbreakofCOVID­19epidemic.(2020·高考全国卷Ⅰ)Whatimpressesmemost2．“nor/neither＋情态动词/助动词/系动词be＋主语”构成倒装句型，表示“……也不……”她不会说这种语言，也不会写这种语言。Shecouldn'tspeakthelanguage，________________________________.3．as＋形容词＋a(n)＋单数可数名词＋as或as＋many/much＋名词＋as结构人们普遍认为，教学是一种科学，也是一门艺术。It'sgenerallybelievedthatteachingis__________________itisascience.neither/norcouldshewriteitasmuchanartas4．“the＋比较级(...)，the＋比较级(...)”意为“越……，就越……”你对跑步了解越多，你就对它越感兴趣。__________________________________________________________，themoreyouareinterestedinit.(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Themoreyouknowaboutrunning1．competevi.

比赛；竞争[写作佳句]Competitivepeoplewanttobethebestateverything，sotheyarealwayscompetingwithothersforwhattheywant.好胜的人想在每件事上都做到最好，因此他们总是与他人竞争以得到自己想要的。[归纳拓展](1)competein参加……比赛；在……方面竞争competefor为……而竞争competewith/against...for...为争取……而与……对抗/竞争(2)competitionn．比赛；竞争competitorn．竞争者；对手competitiveadj.有竞争力的[实战演练]基础练透——完成语段Astheyoungest①______________(compete)，Ihadtocompete②

thewritingcontest③________________________20othertopstudents④______theannualwritingaward.Imustbevery⑤_____________(compete)tobethewinner.作为最年轻的比赛者，我必须和另外20个顶尖的学生在写作比赛中竞争以取得这项年度写作奖。要成为获胜者，我必须有很强的竞争力。competitorinagainst/withforcompetitive能力提升——完成句子⑥Wecan________________________________________intheWorldAdolescentRoboticsCompetition.我们可以和来自其他学校的学生在世界青少年机器人技能竞赛中竞争。competewithstudentsfromotherschools2．admitvt.&vi.

容许；承认；接纳；容纳[写作佳句]Thetabletennisteamofourschoolisadmittingnewmembersrightnow.Iwouldliketoinviteyoutojoin.现在，我们学校的乒乓球队正在招收新队员，我想邀请你加入。[归纳拓展](1)admitdoing/havingdonesth.承认做/做过某事beadmittedto/into被接收(入学/入院/入党等)admitthat...承认……(2)admissionn．承认；准许进入；入场费[实战演练]基础练透——一词多义①Idon'treallyliketheauthor，althoughIhavetoadmithisbooksareveryexciting.____②SeaLifeMelbourneAquariumadmitsvisitorsfrom9：30a．m.until6：00p．m.____③Thedininghalltobecompletednextmonthcanadmit1,000students.____承认接纳容纳能力提升——一句多译她被北京大学录取，这使她父母很高兴。④She____________________________________________________.Itmadeherparentsveryhappy.⑤She_____________________________________________________________(定语从句)wasadmittedtoPekingUniversitywasadmittedtoPekingUniversity，whichmadeherparentsveryhappy3．replacevt.

取代；替换；代替；把……放回原处[文化金句]Butinrecentyears，thehousesinmanyhutongshavebeenpulleddownandreplacedbymodernbuildings.但近年来，许多胡同的房屋被拆毁，取而代之的是现代建筑。[归纳拓展](1)replace...with/by...用……替换……replace...as...取代……而成为……(2)taketheplaceof＝takeone'splace代替；替代inplaceof代替[实战演练]基础练透——单句语法填空/猜测加黑词的含义①Ehlerseventuallysucceededincoaxing(哄)theanimaltohim.Nervousnessandfearwerereplaced________joy.(2019·高考全国卷Ⅱ)②Shereplacedthebooksafterreadingandfellasleep.______________with将……放回原处能力提升——一句多译找一个人来代替现在的经理是不容易的。③Itwouldbedifficulttofindaman_______________________________.④Itwouldbedifficulttofindaman_______________________________.⑤Itwouldbedifficulttofindaman____________________________________________________________.inplaceofthepresentmanagertoreplacethepresentmanagertotaketheplaceofthepresentmanager4．chargevt.&vi.

收费；控诉；充电；向某方向冲去；攻击

n.

费用；主管[写作佳句]Thoughyouarenotinchargeoftheuniverse，youareinchargeofyourself.你不是宇宙的主宰，但你可以主宰你自己。[归纳拓展](1)chargesb.forsth.为某物向某人收取费用chargesb.with(doing)sth.＝accusesb.of(doing)sth.控告某人(做)某事chargeabattery充电chargeat/down/into向……冲去(2)takechargeof掌管；负责inchargeof控制；管理inthechargeof由……掌管；由……负责freeofcharge＝forfree免费[实战演练]基础练透——单句语法填空①Thepolicechargedthethief________stealingthejewels.②Howmuchdidhechargeyou______repairingthispairofshoes?能力提升——句型转换③ThehousehasbeeninthechargeofMr.Bellformorethanayear.→Mr.Bellhasbeen_______________thehouseformorethanayear.withforinchargeof[实战贴士]inchargeof多以人作主语，指“某人负责/主管某事”；inthechargeof多以物作主语，指“某物由某人掌管”。类似的还有：inpossessionof，inthepossessionof；incontrolof，inthecontrolof等。5．deservevi.&vt.

应受(报答或惩罚)；值得；应得[写作佳句]Beyourself，don'tchangeforanyone.Iftheydon'tlikeyouatyourworst，thentheydon'tdeserveyouatyourbest.勇敢做自己，不要为任何人而改变。如果他们不能接受最差的你，也不配拥有最好的你。[归纳拓展]deservetodosth.应该做某事；值得做某事deservetobedone＝deservedoing……值得被做deserveconsideration/attention值得考虑/注意[实战演练]基础练透——单句语法填空①Hedoesdeserve____________(win)therespectfromanybodybecausehedoesalotforothers.(2020·高考全国卷Ⅰ)②Thereisnodoubtthatthemanisguiltyandthathedeserves__________________________(punish)．towinpunishing/tobepunished能力提升——一句多译保持开放的心态，因为每个人的想法都值得考虑。③Keepanopenmind，becauseeveryone'sideas_____________________.④Keepanopenmind，becauseeveryone'sideas_____________________.⑤Keepanopenmind，becauseeveryone'sideas_______________________________________________.deserveconsiderationdeserveconsideringdeservetobeconsidered[实战贴士]deservetobedone与deservedoing的意义相同，即可用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义，类似的还有need，require等。6．standfor

代表；象征；表示；主张；支持；容忍[文化金句]InChina，redstandsforbeauty，lifeandhappiness，soyoucanvisitaChinesefamilydressedinred.在中国，红色代表美丽、生命和幸福，所以你可以穿红色衣服去拜访一个中国家庭。[归纳拓展](1)stand(doing)sth.忍受(做)某事(2)standby站在旁边；袖手旁观standout突出；显眼；杰出standonone'sownfeet自力更生

[实战演练]基础练透——一词多义①Asisknowntousall，redstandsforhappinessintraditionalChineseculture.____②Weshouldrespectpeopleofallfaithsandstandforreligiousfreedom.__________③Iwillnotstandforbehaviorofthatkindinmyhouse.____④Asweknow，pigeonsstandforpeace.____代表支持；主张容忍象征能力提升——完成句子⑤InChina，everycitizenwhohasreachedtheageofeighteen_________________________________________________________.在中国，凡年满18岁的公民，都有选举权和被选举权。[实战贴士]standfor表示“(缩写或符号)是……意思”时不用于进行时，也可表示“支持；主张”，后面接事物作宾语；用于否定句中，则表示“容忍；忍受”。hastherighttovoteandstandforelection7．nor引导的倒装句型[教材原句]Noothercountriescouldjoinin，norcouldslavesorwomen!别的国家不能参加，奴隶和妇女也不能参加！[归纳拓展](1)neither/nor＋系动词be/助动词/情态动词＋主语，表示前面所说的否定情况也适合于另一个人或事物。(2)so＋系动词be/助动词/情态动词＋主语，表示前面所说的肯定情况也适合于另一个人或事物。(3)so＋主语＋系动词be/助动词/情态动词，用来表示同意、附和前一说话者所说的内容，可译为“是的，对，的确如此”。(4)如果前面句子的谓语既有肯定又有否定，或者形式不同，就用句型Soitis/waswith.../Itis/wasthesamewith...[实战演练]基础练透——补全句子①Youcan'tcancelthecontract，________________(我也不能)．②—JackisverycrazyaboutChinesecultureandfolkmusic.—_____________________________________(他的确如此，你也是)．nor/neithercanISoheisandsoareyou③Heisverycleverbuthedoesn'tworkhard；___________________________________________________________(他姐姐也是这样)．能力提升——同义句转换④MarywasborninAustraliaandshelivedintheUnitedStates.SoitwaswithJane.→MarywasborninAustraliaandshelivedintheUnitedStates._______________________Jane.itisthesamewith/soitiswithhissisterItwasthesamewith8．the＋比较级(...)，the＋比较级(...)[教材原句]ThisisimportantbecausethemoreyouspeakEnglish，thebetteryourEnglishwillbecome.这是很重要的，因为你说英语越多，你的英语水平就会越高。[归纳拓展](1)“the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语)，the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语)”意为“越……就越……”。(2)“比较级＋and＋比较级”意为“越来越……”，表示本身程度的变化。(3)“themore...theless...”意为“越……越不……”

[实战演练]基础练透——单句语法填空①Therearelotsofwaystoraiseawarenessforacause.Usually，the_________(strange)theideais，themoreitgetsnoticed.(2019·高考浙江卷)②Themoreyoupractise，thebetteryou___________(speak)English.stranger willspeak能力提升——完成句子③Themoredifficultthequestionsare，____________heistoanswerthem.问题越难，他回答出来的可能性就越小。④Moreandmorecarsarerunninginthestreetstoday，inwhichcase_______________________willbesentintotheair.如今越来越多的汽车在街上跑，在这种情况下将会有越来越多的废气排放到空气中。thelesslikelymoreandmorewastegas[实战贴士]

“the＋比较级(...)，the＋比较级(...)”结构中，第一个“the＋比较级”是表示条件的状语从句，在表示将来意义的情况下，从句用一般现在时表示将来。

[教材与高考]Ⅰ.阅读理解障碍词1．阅读词汇认知①(2020·高考全国卷Ⅲ)Shewasdispleasedwithabsolutelyeverything;nothingwasrightandIwasrathersurprisedthatshebecamea“regular”．

.n.常客②(2019·高考浙江卷)ZachariahFikehasanunusualhobby.Hefindsoldmilitary(军队的)medalsforsaleinantiquestoresandontheInternet..2．一词多义①(2019·高考全国卷Ⅰ)Inastudydescribingthetechnology，theresearchershad100volunteerstypetheword“touch”fourtimesusingthesmartkeyboard.__A．志愿者 B．志愿的；义务的C．自愿n.勋章A②(2019·高考全国卷Ⅲ)Ourhostssharedmanyoftheirexperiencesandrecommendedwonderfulplacestoeat，shop，andvisit.__A．主持人B．主人C．主办者；东道主D．主办；做……的东道主；主持(广播或电视节目)BⅡ.语言运用高频点1．语法填空①(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)TheracingroutebeganatourschoolgateandendedatthefootoftheSouthHill.The________________________(compete)turnedouttobeagreatsuccess.②(2019·高考全国卷Ⅰ)LearningEnglishasasecondlanguagecanbea______________(pain)experience.competitionpainful③(2019·高考全国卷Ⅲ)Atfirstthepriceofsinglecopieswasseldomapenny—usuallytwoorthreecents______________________—andsomeoftheolderwell­knownpapers______________fiveorsixcents.(charge)waschargedcharged2．完形填空①(2020·高考全国卷Ⅰ)Sinceourtwinsbeganlearningtowalk,mywifeandIhavekepttellingthemthatourslidingglassdoorisjustawindow.Thereasonisobvious.Ifwe____________itisadoor,they'llwanttogooutsideconstantly.Itwilldriveuscrazy.A．admit

B．believeC．mean D．realize42解析：根据上文“我和妻子一直把滑动玻璃门说成是窗户”，再结合下文“不想让孩子出去”可知，此处意为“如果我们承认它是门”。故选A。答案：A②(2019·高考北京卷)Aretiredengineer,76­year­oldWilsonhasbeenofferingfreeridestocollegestudentsforthepasteightyears.Sincehefirststarted____________hiscartotheyoungpeople，Wilsonhascoveredanastonishing64,000miles，andhashadcountlesspleasantandoftenhumorousconversationswiththestudentshetransportstoandfromschool.A．donating B．lendingC．delivering D．volunteering12解析：根据上文中的freerides可知，威尔逊总让街坊的大学生免费乘车去上学，故此处应指“自从他开始自愿(volunteering)开车送这些年轻人”。答案：DⅢ.书面表达亮点练1．(2018·高考天津卷)我们对这次竞赛如此感兴趣以至于我们成立了一个小组参加。(competition，takepartin)_________________________________________________________