河北省张家口市张垣联盟2023-2024学年高三上学期12月阶段测试英语试题（ 含答案解析 ）

2023—2024学年第一学期12月高三阶段测试卷英语注意事项：1.考试时间为120分钟，满分100分。2.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡相应的位置。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Wherearethespeakersprobably?A.Intheteahouse.B.Intheschool.C.Inthepostoffice.2.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthemansresult?A.Awkward.B.Ordinary.C.Impressive.3.WhydidGracecalltheman?A.Tochangethemeetingtime.B.Tocancelthemeeting.C.Toaskforthetime.4.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Theman’srooms.B.Thewoman’sfamily.C.Theman’sclocks.5.Whoisthemanprobably?A.Mimi’sfather.B.Mimi’sdoctor.C.Mimisteacher.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatdidthewomanenjoyduringhertrip?A.Thenaturalscenery.B.Theexcitingdogsled.C.Thefreezinglake.7.Howdoesthemanevaluatethewoman’strip?A.Adventurousbutexpensive.B.Amazingbutdisappointing.C.Enjoyablebuttiring.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatisthemandoing?A.Paintinghishome.B.Enjoyinghishobby.C.Buyingtheoil.9.Whatisthewomanprobablygoingtodo?A.Attendpaintingclasses.B.Meetsomelocals.C.Takeupanewsport.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whyisthemanlate?A.Becauseofhislaziness.B.Becauseofthebrokenclock.C.Becauseofthebadweather.11.Whatiswrongwiththewoman’sreport?A.Thetopicisincorrect.B.Thereportistoolong.C.Thereporthasabadimpact.12.Whatisthemostprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Bossandemployee.C.Motherandson.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whenwilltheconcerttakeplace?A.OnMonday.B.OnTuesday.C.OnSaturday.14.Whatwillthemandothisweekend?A.Enjoythelivemusic.B.Gradethepapers.C.Stayatthedorm.15.Whydoesthewomandecidetoconcentrateonherstudies?A.Tomakemoremoney.B.Toentertheeducationprogram.C.Tofurtherhercareer.16.Whatdoesthewomanmeanintheend?A.Sheisgoingtobuythetickets.B.Sheisnotjealousoftheman.C.Shefeelsasenseofregret.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatdotheseworkshopsshare?A.Thetopicsarethesame.B.Theyalllastfortwohours.C.Theyarechargedforallstudents.18.Whichworkshopismainlyintendedforforeignstudents?A.TheAnxietyworkshop.B.TheAdjustingworkshop.C.TheCommunicatingworkshop.19.Whatisthelastworkshopfocusedon?A.Motivation.B.Preparation.C.Communication.20.Howmanyworkshopsarementionedinthespeech?A.Four.B.Five.C.Six.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B.C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ABestPlacestoVisitinJanuary2024ArgentinePatagoniaManytravelerschoosetovisitArgentinePatagoniainJanuaryduetoitswarmtemperaturesandenoughdaylighthours.Conditionswillbeidealforkayakingorraftingontheglacier-fedlakesoftheLakeDistrict,locatedinthenorthernpartofPatagonia.Plus,theweatherwillbewarmenoughforatriptoUshuaia,thesouthernmostcityintheworldandanexcellentbaseforhikinginTierradelFuego.RailayBenchJanuaryisoneofthedriestmonthsoftheyearonthisThaipeninsula,soyou’relikelytoencountersun-soakeddaysofbeachingandkayakingwhiletakinginviewsoftheiconiclimestonecliffs.Ifyou’reupformoreaction,thisareaisknownforitsrockclimbing,andyou’llalsofindseveralcavestoexplore.Justbesuretobookearlyasaccommodationscanfillupquicklyduringthedryseason.ZermattZermatt’smostimpressivesightistheworld-famousMatterhorn.Forbreathtakingviews,takeacablecartoMatterhornGlacierParadise,Europe’shighestmountainstation.Here,travelerscanexploretheattraction’sGlacierPalace,afascinatingattractionwithicetunnelsandever-changingicesculptures.Thrillseekerscanalsogazeatthisjaw-droppingnaturalwonderduringahelicoptertour,ortheycantryhikingorskiingoneofthearea’s37othermountains.St.Kitts&NevisThistwo-islandnationboastsexcellentsailingconditions,bluewatersperfectforsnorkeling(潜泳)andforestsandvolcanoesforthosewhoprefertoexploreonland.Plus,ifyou’reringinginthenewyearhere,you’llcatchtheclosingeventsfortheislands’biggestfestival—theSt.KittsandNevisNationalCarnival.RegardedasSugarMasbythelocals,thiscullviralcelebrationmakesthisoneofthesweetesttimesofyeartovisit.1.WhatcantravelersdoinArgentinePatagonia?A.Celebratethesweetestfestivals. B.Experiencewaterrides.C.Explorerocksandcaves. D.Relaxonthebeautifulbeaches.2.Whichplacemayattractadventuroustravelersmost?A.St.KittsNevis. B.RailayBeach.C.ArgentinePatagonia. D.Zermatt.3.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Aculturemagazine. B.Anacademicpaper.C.Atourismwebsite. D.Asciencefiction.【答案】1.B2.D3.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章推荐了四个适合一月份游玩的景点。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据ArgentinePatagonia中“Conditionswillbeidealforkayakingorraftingontheglacier-fedlakesoftheLakeDistrict,locatedinthenorthernpartofPatagonia.(在位于巴塔哥尼亚北部湖区的冰川湖泊上划皮艇或漂流的话，条件非常理想)”可知，在阿根廷的巴塔哥尼亚，旅行者可以体验划皮艇或漂流等水上运动。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Zermatt中“Thrillseekerscanalsogazeatthisjaw-droppingnaturalwonderduringahelicoptertour,ortheycantryhikingorskiingoneofthearea’s37othermountains.(寻求刺激的人也可以在直升机之旅中凝视这个令人瞠目结舌的自然奇观，或者他们可以尝试在该地区其他37座山脉中的一座徒步或滑雪)”可知，在采尔马特人们可以体验直升机之旅，在高山上远足或滑雪，这里对寻求刺激、有冒险精神的游客有吸引力。故选D项。【3题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了四个适合一月份游玩的旅游景点，涉及的领域是旅游。因此，文章可能来自一个旅游网站。故选C项。BIarrivedhomefromwork,mymindracing,Iwasscheduledtoperformanexperimentusingapriceypieceofequipment,butIhadspentthewholedayworryingabouttheexperimentwhichwasonthetopofmyagenda,andIamazinglylongedtoshutoffmyanxiousthoughts.Soafterdinner,Imadeacupofhotcoffee,stretchedmyselfonmysofa,andopenedapage.Almostinstantly,mymindleftbehindthedetailsofexperimentaldesignandsteppedintoalandofmonsters,magicdust,andman-likebearscomprisingawonderfulworlddistinctfrommydailylife.ItwasexactlywhatIneeded.Growingup,Iwasvirtuallyneverbigonnovels.MyclassmateswouldbecrazyaboutthelatestHarryPotterbook,whilemycopysatcollectingdustonashelf.Instead,Iwouldchoosetoreadthroughthereferencebooksrelatedtomydisciplinesforbettergrades.AfterIstartedgraduateschool,extracurricularreadingdidn’tappealtomeatallbutIspentmostofmytimeoncampusdigestingresearchpapersandtextbooksandmymindcouldn’thandleprocessingfact-fillednonfictionbooksathome,too.SoIknewthatIneededtofindawaytoenjoyreadingagain.Tohelpmestickwithit,ImadeaNewYear’sresolution:Iwouldreadtwofictionbookspermonthfortheentireyear.Theresultwasanalmostinstantappreciationoffiction,alongwithmanyunexpectedresultsincludingonesthathavebenefitedmyschoolwork.WhatsurprisedmemostwashowmuchIlearned.SomeofthebestbooksIreadwerehistoricalfictionalstorieshappeninginarealistichistoricalsetting,Ilearnedaboutlifeindifferentcountries,aswellasstrugglespeopletherefacedduringdifficultperiodsintheirhistories.Thebookshavehelpedmebuildsympathyandunderstanding,withanunexpectedbenefit:I’vestartedtothinkmoredeeplyaboutthediversityofissuesinthescientificcommunityandcouldserveit,heartandsoul.4.Howdidtheauthorrelievehisanxiety?ABydrinkingseveralcupsofcoffee. B.Bywatchingafunnyshowonthesofa.C.Bybeingabsorbedinafascinatingbook. D.Bycallingafriendtotalkabouttheworries.5.WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph2mean?A.Theauthorwasalwaysabigfanofreadingnovels.B.Theauthorlackedenthusiasmfornovelsfromchildhood.C.Theauthorneverreadanybookswhentheauthorwasyoung.D.Theauthorwasoccupiedintheresearchpapersduringschool.6.Whichwordscanbestdescribetheauthor?A.Diligentandself-aware. B.Creativeandknowledgeable.C.Adventurousandthoughtful. D.Ambitiousandcommitted.7.Whatcanwelearnfromtheauthor’sstory?A.Adversityleadstoprosperity. B.Don’tjudgeabookbyitscover.C.Thereisnoroyalroadtolearning. D.Booksandfriendsshouldbefewbutgood.【答案】4.C5.B6.A7.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己起初不爱阅读，后来慢慢爱上阅读。阅读不仅使他的学业受益，也让作者了解了不同国家的历史文化，更使其对世界对他人有更多同情和理解。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Soafterdinner,Imadeacupofhotcoffee,stretchedmyselfonmysofa,andopenedapage.(所以晚饭后，我泡了一杯热咖啡，躺在沙发上，打开了一页)”可知，作者晚饭后通过读书来缓解焦虑，故选C。【5题详解】句意猜测题。根据第二段“MyclassmateswouldbecrazyaboutthelatestHarryPotterbook,whilemycopysatcollectingdustonashelf.Instead,Iwouldchoosetoreadthroughthereferencebooksrelatedtomydisciplinesforbettergrades.(我的同学们会为最新的《哈利波特》而疯狂，而我的那本却在书架上积满了灰尘。相反，我会选择阅读与我的学科相关的参考书，以获得更好的成绩)”可知，作者儿时对阅读小说不感兴趣，故划线句意思是“作者从小就对小说缺乏热情”。故选B。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“SoIknewthatIneededtofindawaytoenjoyreadingagain.(所以我知道我需要找到一种重新享受阅读的方式)”和第三段“Tohelpmestickwithit,ImadeaNewYear’sresolution:Iwouldreadtwofictionbookspermonthfortheentireyear.(为了帮助我坚持下去，我制定了一个新年计划：一整年每个月读两本小说)”可推知，作者意识到了阅读的重要并下定决心坚持阅读，可见作者了解自我，勤奋上进。故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据文章讲述了作者小时候不喜欢阅读小说，但后来发现阅读小说带来了很多好处，包括学到了很多知识和更深刻地理解世界。这反映了一个重要的道理，即我们不应该仅仅根据外表或过去的偏好来评价人或事物，因为可能会错过很多潜在的好处。B选项，即“不要以封面来判断一本书”，这也可以引申到生活中的其他情境，即不要轻易预判人或事物的价值。故选B。CAnewsurveyfindsthegendergapinhomecookinghaswidened,withwomencookingmoremealsthanmeninnearlyeverycountryworldwide.Womencookedjustunderninemealsperweek,onaverage,in2022.Mencookedaboutfourperweek.ThesearetheresultsofanannualsurveybyGallupandCookpad,whichtrackshowoftenpeopleprepareandeathome-cookedmealsincountriesaroundtheglobe.Whenthesurveybeganin2018,traditionalgenderroleswerewellestablished,butduringthepandemicyearsthesurveyresultsshowedthatmenwerecookingmore.Thisnarrowedthegendergap,explainsAndrewDugan,aresearchdirectoratGallup,whohasworkedonthesurveysinceitbegan.Thelatestresults,whichDugansayscomeasasurprise,pointtoareversal(颠倒)ofthistrend.In2022,womencontinuedtocookataboutthesamefrequency,butmenstartedtocookless.“It’sthefirstyearthatthegapactuallywidened,”Dugansays,pointingoutthatthegaphasrevertedbacktoitsstartingpointin2018,“Whatitmightsuggestisthatthetraditionalgenderrolesarestartingtoreassertthemselves,”Dugansays.Thegendergapvariesbycountry.IntheUnitedStates,womencookabouttwomoremealsperweekonaverage,thanmen.Thesurveyreportchartsthecountrieswiththelargestgendergaps,includingEthiopia,Egypt,andNepalwherewomenaremakingabouteightmoremealsperweekthanmen.Thecountrieswiththesmallestgenderdifferencesincookingareclustered(成群的)inEurope,includingSpain,theUK,France,andIreland.It’snotclearwhythegendergapwidenedinalltheothercountriesincludingtheU.S.,butchefMikeFriedman,whooperatesseveralrestaurantsintheWashingtonD.C.area,hashistake.“Thesurveymaynotcapturethewholepicture,”Friedmansays,“Inmyhouse,lotsofmealsarecollaborations(合作).Mywifedoesalotofthecooking.Butwetalkaboutitandwetalkthroughwhatweshouldmaketonight.Andmosttimesshe’llstartandI’llfinishandthenI’malwaysleftwiththedishes”.8.Whatdoweknowaboutthesurvey?A.ItbeganacrosstheU.S.in2022. B.Itindicatedmencookedlessin2018.C.Itmeasuredhowoftenpeopleateout. D.Itfocusedongendergapsineatinghabits.9.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph5?A.Womenaremorewillingtodothecooking.B.Traditionalcookingmethodsstayunchanged.C.Theresearcherscomefromdifferentcountries.D.Gendergapsincookingaresmallerinrichercountries.10.WhatcanwelearnfromFriedman’swords?A.Friedmanthinksthesurveyhaslimitations.B.Friedmaniscriticalofwomen’srolesincooking.C.Friedman’shouseholdseldomworkstogetheronmeals.D.Friedman’shouseholdhasastrictdivisionofcookingroles.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TraditionalGenderRolesinCooking B.ThePandemic’sImpactonHomeCookingC.ChefFriedmanCommentsontheSurvey D.GenderGapWidensinHomeCooking【答案】8.B9.D10.A11.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了性别差距在家庭烹饪中逐年变大的全球趋势。文章详细说明了不同年代做饭次数差异的情况以及性别差距因国家而异。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Whenthesurveybeganin2018,traditionalgenderroleswerewellestablished,butduringthepandemicyearsthesurveyresultsshowedthatmenwerecookingmore.(当调查于2018年开始时，传统的性别角色已经确立，但在大流行期间，调查结果显示，男性做饭更多)”可知，在2018年，男性做饭较少。故选B。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“Thecountrieswiththesmallestgenderdifferencesincookingareclustered(成群的)inEurope,includingSpain,theUK,France,andIreland.(在烹饪方面性别差异最小的国家集中在欧洲，包括西班牙、英国、法国和爱尔兰)”可推知，在富裕国家，烹饪方面的性别差距较小。故选D。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Thesurveymaynotcapturethewholepicture(这项调查可能没有反映出全部情况)”可知，他认为这项调查存在局限性。故选A。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Anewsurveyfindsthegendergapinhomecookinghaswidened,withwomencookingmoremealsthanmeninnearlyeverycountryworldwide.(一项新的调查发现，在家做饭的性别差距已经扩大，在世界上几乎每个国家，女性做饭的时间都比男性多)”结合文章详细说明了不同年代做饭次数差异的情况以及性别差距因国家而异。故D选项“家庭烹饪中的性别差距扩大”最符合文章标题。故选D。D“WeknowmoreaboutthemoonandMarsthanwedoourownplanet,”saysRichardJenkins,founderandCEOofSaildrone,adataandroboticscompanylocatedinAlameda,California.Saildrone,foundedin2013,focusesonhigh-performance,hard-wingsailtechnologycapableofbreakingmotorlesslandspeedrecords,reachingspeedsof126.1mph.Thisinnovativesailautomaticallyadjustsitselfformaximumwindpower,adeparturefromtraditionalsails.Saildronedoesn’tsellsaildrones;instead,theyselldata,andawholelotofit.Adayofsaildronedatacostsclientsaround$2,500,significantlylessthanthe$30,000dailycostofrunningatraditionaloceanresearchvessel.Andsaildronesarealsocarbonneutral,withthe23-footExplorermodelusingjustthepowerofthesunandthewindtocompletefullyearlongmissionsaroundtheworld.Theseunmannedsurfacevehiclesareequippedwithsolar-poweredsensorsthatofferreal-timetrackingdatatoacontrolcenterinAlameda.Theymonitorweatherpatterns,CO2levels,andcanprovidelivestormanalysisfromthemidstofacategory4hurricane.ThedatacollectedisusedbyNOAAformoreaccuratehurricanepathpredictions.Theyalsocountfish,aidinginsustainablefisheriesmanagement.Theycapturereal-timevideoofdrugsmugglersandillegalfishing,supportingtheU.S.CoastGuard’soceansecurityefforts.Additionally,theycollectwinddensitydatatoassistenergycompaniesinlocatingbestspotsforoffshorewindfarms.“Oceanmappingisfundamentallyimportanttounderstandingandpredictingourfuture.Lifestartedprobablyatthebottomoftheocean,anditreallydictatestheoceancurrentsandoceancirculationwhichtransfersheatandcarbonthroughoutouroceans,”saysJenkins,“sounderstandingthedeepseaiscriticalforgeophysics,safetyandnavigation.andalsooceancirculation.Lessthan20%ofouroceanismapped,andwith20ofourSurveyors,wecouldmaptheentireplanetin9.6years.”Inadata-driven,digitalworld,Saildroneisquicklybecomingtheleadingplatformforthoseseekingpreciseinformationaboutourchangingoceans.Thecompanycurrentlyhasaround100manufacturedsaildrones.ButJenkinshopestosoonhaveaglobalfleetof1,000dronessailingaroundtheworldhelpingusbetterunderstandandprotectourplanet.12.Whatcanwelearnaboutthesaildrones?A.Saildronescannotoperatearoundtheclock.BSaildronesarenotfriendlytotheenvironment.C.Saildronesuseinnovativesailtechnologyforhighspeeds.D.Saildronesaresoldmainlyformotorlesslandspeedrecords.13.Whatdoesthefourthparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Themultiplefunctionsofsaildrones.B.Thehistoryofthesaildronetechnology.C.Theimpactofsaildronesondeep-seaexploration.D.Thecostofsaildronescomparedtotraditionalmethods.14.WhatcanweinferfromJenkins’swords?A.Oceanmappingcanbeeasilycompleted.B.Weatherpatternscanbechangedbysaildrones.C.Saildronesarethefirstdevicestocollectoceandata.D.Saildroneswillmakeasignificantdifferencetoourplanet.15.WhatisJenkins’sattitudetowardstheSaildrone’sfuture?A.Pessimistic. B.Indifferent. C.Optimistic. D.Skeptical.【答案】12.C13.A14.D15.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了无人航行器靠风能、太阳能供电，将在全自动海洋监测领域“一石激起千层浪”。【12题详解】细节理解题。由第二段“Thisinnovativesailautomaticallyadjustsitselfformaximumwindpower,adeparturefromtraditionalsails.(与传统的风帆不同，他的创新风帆可以自动调节最大风力。)”可知，新型的帆可自行调整以最大程度地利用风能，提高速度，因此可知Saildrones使用创新的风帆技术实现高速飞行。故选C。【13题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段内容“Theseunmannedsurfacevehiclesareequippedwithsolar-poweredsensorsthatofferreal-timetrackingdatatoacontrolcenterinAlameda.Theymonitorweatherpatterns,CO2levels,andcanprovidelivestormanalysisfromthemidstofacategory4hurricane.ThedatacollectedisusedbyNOAAformoreaccuratehurricanepathpredictions.Theyalsocountfish,aidinginsustainablefisheriesmanagement.Theycapturereal-timevideoofdrugsmugglersandillegalfishing,supportingtheU.S.CoastGuard’soceansecurityefforts.Additionally,theycollectwinddensitydatatoassistenergycompaniesinlocatingbestspotsforoffshorewindfarms.(这些无人水面车辆配备了太阳能传感器，可以向阿拉米达的控制中心提供实时跟踪数据。它们监测天气模式、二氧化碳水平，并能在4级飓风中提供实时风暴分析。NOAA将收集到的数据用于更准确的飓风路径预测。他们还计算鱼类数量，帮助可持续渔业管理。他们捕捉毒品走私者和非法捕鱼的实时视频，支持美国海岸警卫队的海洋安全工作。此外，他们还收集风密度数据，以帮助能源公司找到海上风力发电场的最佳地点。)”可知，第四段介绍了无人航行器功能众多，可被应用到不同领域，故选A。【14题详解】推理判断题。由第五段Jenkins说的“sounderstandingthedeepseaiscriticalforgeophysics,safetyandnavigation,andalsooceancirculation.Lessthan20%ofouroceanismapped,andwith20ofourSurveyors,wecouldmaptheentireplanetin9.6years.(因此，了解深海对地球物理学、安全和导航，以及海洋环流都至关重要。只有不到20%的海洋被绘制在地图上，我们的20名测量员可以在9.6年的时间里绘制出整个地球的地图。)”可知，Jenkins认为无人航行器能够帮助我们更深入地研究海洋，进而更全面地了解我们生存的地球，会对我们的星球产生很大的影响。故选D。【15题详解】推理判断题。由最后一段“ButJenkinshopestosoonhaveaglobalfleetof1,000dronessailingaroundtheworldhelpingusbetterunderstandandprotectourplanet.(但詹金斯希望很快就能有一支由1000架无人机组成的全球舰队在世界各地航行，帮助我们更好地了解和保护我们的星球。)”可知，作者对于新型无人航行器充满期待。故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Movingbackinwithyourparentsasanadultisn’taneasydecision,butsometimesit’snecessary.Maybeit’sconvenient.Maybeyou’regoingthroughatoughtimeandneedextrasupportfromyourparents.____16____Herearesomewaystohelpcreateaharmonioushousehold.Createyourexitplan.Aftersettlingintoyourparents’house,makeaplanforhowandwhenyouhopetomoveout.Yourparentswillprobablywanttoknowhowlongyouintendtostay.____17____Yourplanshouldincludepersonal,professionalandfinancialaims.Forexample,maybeyouwanttostaywithyourparentsuntilyou’vesavedenoughmoneyforadownpaymentonyourfirsthomeorfoundajob.Setboundaries.Whilelivingwithyourparents,besuretosetboundaries.It’sapowerfultoolthatfostersanenvironmentofrespectandunderstanding.Maintainyourprivacybyaskingyourparentstoknockbeforeenteringyourroom.Keepyourparentsoutofyourprivatelife.____18____Iftheysaytheydon’twantyoutoborrowtheircar,don’tborrowit.Maintainyourroutine.Ifyouarehavingtroublesettingboundaries,createaroutinetohelpyougetoutofthehouse,especiallyifyouworkfromhomeandyourparentsareretired.____19____Ifyoucan,getouteveryday.Duringbusinesshours,workfromtheoffice,acoffeeshoporalocallibrary.ContinuetotakethatspinclasswithyourfavoriteinstructoronSaturdays.Continuetoliveyourlife.____20____Offertopayforyourshareoftheutilities,groceriesorrent—evenifit’sanominalamount.Ifyoucan’tcutyourparentsarentcheckeverymonth,thereareotherwaystochipin.Perhapsyoucantakeoutthegarbage,dothehouseholdlaundryorwashthedishesafterdinner.Whateveryoudecide,beconsistent—showyourparentsthatyouaregratefulfortheopportunitytoliveathome.A.Bekindtoyourparents.B.Contributetothehousehold.C.Don’tforgetthatyourparentshaveboundariestoo.D.Andaplanmaymotivateyoutokeepreachingyourgoals.E.Havingthatmuchfamilytimecanbeahotbedofconflict.F.Whenlivingwithfamily,itcanbehardtofindprivatemoments.G.Whateverthereasonitcanbeachallengeforeveryoneinvolved.【答案】16.G17.D18.C19.E20.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。作者介绍了和父母一起住时，如何相处更和睦，让家庭更和谐。【16题详解】由前文“Maybeyou’regoingthroughatoughtimeandneedextrasupportfromyourparents.(也许你正经历一段艰难的时期，需要父母的额外支持)”可知，因为某些原因可能需要搬回家和父母一起住，故本句对此进行评价。G选项“不管是什么原因，这对每个人来说都是一个挑战”与上句衔接，并指出生活在同一屋檐下也是一个挑战，引出下文。故选G。【17题详解】由本段主题句“Createyourexitplan.(制定你的搬出计划)”以及后文“Yourplanshouldincludepersonal,professionalandfinancialaims.(你的计划应该包括个人、职业和财务目标)”可知，要制定搬出计划。D选项“制定计划可激励自己朝着目标努力”符合题意，呼应下一句。故选D。【18题详解】根据上文“Setboundaries.Whilelivingwithyourparents,besuretosetboundaries.It’sapowerfultoolthatfostersanenvironmentofrespectandunderstanding.Maintainyourprivacybyaskingyourparentstoknockbeforeenteringyourroom.Keepyourparentsoutofyourprivatelife.(设定界限。当你和父母住在一起时，一定要设定界限。这是培养尊重和理解环境的有力工具。请父母在进入房间前敲门，以保护你的隐私。不要让父母干涉你的私生活)”本段介绍和父母之间要有边界感。告知父母不要干涉自己的个人生活，同时也要尊重父母，不要越界。C选项“别忘了你的父母也有底线”符合语境，故选C。【19题详解】由前一句“Ifyouarehavingtroublesettingboundaries,createaroutinetohelpyougetoutofthehouse,especiallyifyouworkfromhomeandyourparentsareretired.(如果你在设定界限方面有困难，那就制定一个常规来帮助你走出家门，特别是如果你在家工作，而你的父母已经退休了)”可知，要定期地出门活动，特别当自己在家办公或父母退休时，和父母相处的时间过多可能产生矛盾。E项“太多的家庭时间可能会成为冲突的温床”符合题意。故选E。【20题详解】由下文“Offertopayforyourshareoftheutilities,groceriesorrent—evenifit’sanominalamount.(主动支付水电费、杂货费或房租——即使只是象征性的金额)”可知，和父母一起住时要主动承担部分家务，即对家庭做出贡献。B选项“对家庭有贡献”符合语境，故选B。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Onesunnyafternoon,JoshuaDavissteppedoffthetrainatChicago’s59thStreetstation.The21-year-old,whoworkednightsinagrocerystore,wasonhiswaytovisithisgrandmother.Ontheplatform,something____21____occurred:amanfellovertheedgeandontotheelectrifiedtraintracks!AsDavisandoilierhorrifiedpassengerswatched,he____22____uncontrollablyasthecurrentflowedthroughhisbody.“Helphim!”someonecried.“Please,someone!”Daviscouldn’tjuststandthereand____23____.Hesatattheedgeoftheplatformandeasedhimselfdown.Assumingthatallrailsbetweenthemanandhimwereelectrified,he____24____leapedtowardsthevictim,usingahigh-knee____25____hehadlearnedfromhishighschoolfootballdays.Davissoonreacheddownandgraspedthevictim’swrist.Instantly,hefelta(n)____26____electricshockshootthroughhisbody.Davisjumpedback.Hereacheddownasecondtime,andwas____27____again.Butthethirdtimeheseizedtheman’swristandforearm,he____28____tomovetheguy’sbodyawayfromtherails.“Givehimchestcompressions!”yelledanoldladyonthe____29____.Daviswasno_____30_____,butforafewmomentshe_____31_____theman’sheartuntilthevictimregainedconsciousness.Then,first-aidersarrived.Davislettheprofessionalstakeover.Heartstill_____32_____fromtheelectricshocks,heclimbedbackupontotheplatform,grabbedhisthingsandcontinuedontohis_____33_____.Theeveningnewsreportedthe_____34_____,creditinganunnamedherowithsavingthevictim’slife.Tomany,Davisscourageousdeeds_____35_____thepowerofchoosingcompassionoverpersonalsafety.21.A.unavailable B.remarkable C.unimaginable D.preferable22.A.escaped B.shook C.hesitated D.hung23.A.watch B.switch C.obey D.resist24.A.slightly B.barely C.quickly D.entirely25.A.potential B.sign C.theory D.technique26.A.identical B.enormous C.accurate D.splendid27.A.shocked B.defeated C.evaluated D.banned28.A.attempted B.tended C.desired D.managed29.A.rail B.train C.platform D.boundary30.A.expert B.professor C.detective D.genius31.A.livedoff B.workedon C.calledon D.wentoff32.A.cloning B.leaking C.racing D.stretching33.A.grandmother’s B.doctor’s C.teacher’s D.aunt’s34.A.absence B.celebrity C.warning D.incident35.A.concluded B.demonstrated C.advocated D.interpreted【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.C25.D26.B27.A28.D29.C30.A31.B32.C33.A34.D35.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个年轻人AnthonyPerry在芝加哥的69街火车站见到一个男子跌落到带电的铁轨上后，冒着生命危险去救助他的故事。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在站台上，想象不到的事情发生了：一个人从站台边缘掉到通电的铁轨上！A.unavailable得不到的、没空的；B.remarkable非凡的；C.unimaginable无法想象的；D.preferable更合意的。根据下文“amanfellovertheedgeandontotheelectrifiedtraintracks!”以及人们表现出的震惊可知，这件事是谁都想象不到的。故选C。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当Davis和更多惊恐的乘客看到时，他的身体无法控制地颤抖着，因为电流通过了他的身体。A.escaped逃避；B.shook摇动、颤抖；C.hesitated犹豫；D.hung悬挂。根据上文可知，这些铁轨是带电的，而根据下文“asthecurrentflowedthroughhisbody”可知，电流已经通过了这名男子的身体。根据常识可知，这位男子此时的身体应该是在颤抖。故选B。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Davis不能就站在那里看着。A.watch看；B.switch转换；C.obey遵守；D.resist抵制。根据上文“AsDavisandoilierhorrifiedpassengerswatched,he____2____uncontrollablyasthecurrentflowedthroughhisbody.”可知，事发突然，所有人都站在那儿看，包括Davis，这是经人提醒，他觉得不能就站在那儿看。故选A。【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：假设他和那名男子之间的铁轨都通电了，他迅速跳向受害者，使用了他在高中足球时代学到的膝跳技术。A.slightly稍微地；B.barely几乎不；C.quickly迅速地；D.entirely完全。根据下文“usingahigh-knee____5____hehadlearnedfromhishighschoolfootballdays.”可知，考虑到铁轨通电，所以他用了膝跳技巧快速跳向受害者。故选C。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：假设他和那名男子之间的铁轨都通电了，他迅速跳向受害者，使用了他在高中足球时代学到的膝跳技术。A.potential可能性、潜能；B.sign手势、符号；C.theory理论；D.technique技巧、技术。根据上文“he____4____leapedtowardsthevictim”可知，他使用了膝跳技巧快速跳向受害者，空处指的是技巧。故选D。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：瞬间，他感到一阵巨大的电击穿过他的身体。A.identical相同的；B.enormous巨大的；C.accurate准确的；D.splendid极好的、壮观的。根据下文“Davisjumpedback”可知，他感到巨大的电击穿过身体，所以他往回跳了一下。故选B。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他又把手伸下去，又被电了一下。A.shocked使震惊、电击；B.defeated击败；C.evaluated评估；D.banned禁止。根据空后的“again”可知，他又再次被电了。故选A。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当他第三次抓住那个人的手腕和前臂时，他成功地把那个人的身体从铁轨上移开了。A.attempted试图；B.tended趋向,易于；C.desired渴望；D.managed管理,做成。根据下文““Givehimchestcompressions!”yelledanoldladyonthe____9____.”可知，Davis第三次成功将那个人的身体从铁轨上拉开了。故选D。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“给他做胸部按压！”站台上的一位老太太喊道。A.rail栏杆、铁轨；B.train火车；C.platform月台、站台；D.boundary边界。根据上文“Ontheplatform,something____1____occurred”可知，这一切事情都发生在车站里，由此可知，这位老人应该是在站台上。故选C。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Davis不是专家，但他为男子做了几分钟的心脏复苏，直到受害者恢复意识。A.expert专家；B.professor教授；C.detective侦探；D.genius天才。根据上文“The21-year-old,whoworkednightsinagrocerystore,wasonhiswaytovisithisgrandmother.”可知，Davis不是急救方面的专家。故选A。【31题详解】考查动