人教版高中英语必修第三册 UNIT 5 Period III Discovering Useful Structures（课件）

UNIT5THEVALUEOFMONEY

PeriodIIIDiscoveringUsefulStructuresStepI学习理解Learnaboutmodalverbs.Definition.Accordingtotheliteralinterpretationofmodalverbs,thedefinitionofmodalverbsis:Itisaverbthatisusuallyusedwithanotherverbtoexpressideassuchaspossibility,necessityandpermission.(它是一个动词,通常与另一个动词一起使用,用来表达可能性、必要性和许可等想法。)Learnaboutmodalverbs.Functions:Findmodalverbsinprevioussectionsanddiscusstheirfunctions.Modalverbshavemanyfunctions,includingthefollowing(A~F).AnecessityBpossibilityCobligationDrequestEadviceFintentionLearnaboutmodalverbs.Functions:Findmodalverbsinprevioussectionsanddiscusstheirfunctions.Summary:情态动词可用来表示需要、可能性、委婉请求、推测、愿望、建议、义务、意愿、禁止等。Anecessity:Youhavetoreadbetweenthelinesbecausetherealmessagesareoftenhidden...

Bpossibility:...itmayseemluckytoyou...

Cobligation:Astronautsmustwearspacesuitswhentheyworkinspacebecause...Drequest:Mayweaskwhatyou’redoinginthiscountry...?Eadvice:...you’d

betternotopenit.Fintention:Whatwouldyoudoifyouwereinhersituation?Thepastfuturetense.Accordingtotheliteralinterpretation,thedefinitionofthepastfuturetenseis:theactionorstatewouldtakeplaceorhappenafteracertainpasttimepoint,whichisoftenusedintheobjectiveclause.(过去将来时表示在过去某一时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态,常用在宾语从句中。)Definition.Thepastfuturetense.Structure.would/should+do

was/weregoingto+do

was/wereaboutto+dowas/wereto+doUsethemindmaptoteasethegrammarout.Studythegrammar.Reviewofmodalverbs复习情态动词情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度，可以表示“需要、可能、愿意和禁止”等，有一定的词义，但不完整，必须和主要动词(实义动词或连系动词)的原形一起构成谓语动词。情态动词虽然数量不多，但用途广泛，主要有:can、could、may、might、must、haveto、shall、should、oughtto、will、would、need、dare、hadbetter等。can/could的用法。Studythegrammar.用法说明表示能力(could表示过去的能力)表示有能力做或能够发生，意为“会,能,能够”。表示许可表示请求许可或给予许可，意为“可以”。表示推测否定句 表示有把握的否定推测，意为“不可能”。疑问句此时意为“可能”。肯定句表示理论上的可能性或一时的情况。表示请求可用来提出请求，当表示语气更加委婉或客气时,常用could代替。肯定回答时要用can，不用could。Themancan/couldspeaktwoforeignlanguages.那个人能说两门外语。Wecan’tcarrytheheavybox.我们搬不动那个重箱子。Itcan’tbetheheadmaster.HehasgonetoAmerica.这不可能是校长，他去美国了。Itcanbeveryhothereinsummer.这里夏天有时会很热。Can/Couldyougivemeacupoftea,please?请给我一杯茶好吗?—CanIuseyourphone?我可以用一下你的电话吗?—Ofcourseyoucan.当然可以。Studythegrammar.(2)may/might的用法。MayIhaveyourname?我能知道你的名字吗?Hemay/mightnotbeathomeatthistime.这个时候他可能不在家。Studythegrammar.用法 说明表示请求或许可,意为“可以”。在疑问句中,might可以代替may,语气更加委婉。给予许可时用may,不用might。表示推测,意为“或许,可能”。通常用于肯定句和否定句中。might比may语气弱。(3)must/haveto的用法。Studythegrammar.用法 说明must表示义务,意为“必须”。must强调说话人的主观看法,在回答带有must的问句时,否定式常用neednot(needn’t)或don’thaveto,而不用mustnot。must用来表示推测,意为“一定”。只能用在肯定句中。must的肯定程度比can强。must表示主观上的偏执或固执,意为“偏要,非要……不可”。常用于疑问句和条件句中,偶尔也用于陈述句中。mustn’t表示禁止。此时意为“不得；不允许；一定不要”。must与haveto的区别haveto与must的意思接近,但must更强调说话者的主观意愿,haveto强调客观上的必要性,常译为“不得不”。英式英语中常用havegotto代替haveto。否定式don’thaveto,表示“没必要,不必”,构成疑问句时,要借助助动词do。Youmusthurryuporyou’llbelate.你必须快点儿，不然会迟到的。—MustIbehomebeforeeighto’clock?我必须八点钟前到家吗?—Yes,youmust./No,youneedn’t.是的，你必须。/不，你不必。Hemustbeill.Helooksverypaleanddrawn.他准是病了。他看上去非常苍白憔悴。Ifyoumustgo,atleastwaituntilthestormisover.如果你非要走，至少要等到暴风雨停了。Ican’tseethingsclearly.Ihavetowearglasses.我看不清东西，不得不戴眼镜。Studythegrammar.(4)shall的用法。Shall

hecomeinnow?要不要让他现在进来?Youshall

bepunishedforwhatyouhavedone.你必须为你的所作所为受到惩罚。Thenewlawshallcomeintoeffectnextmonth.新法将于下个月生效。Studythegrammar.用法 说明用于第一、三人称的疑问句中。表示说话者征求对方的意见或向对方请示。用于第二、三人称的陈述句中。表示说话者的命令、警告、强制、威胁、允诺、决心等。颁布法律、法规时也用shall。(5)should和oughtto的用法。Iamsurprisedthatyoushouldspeakillofme.我很惊讶，你竟然说我坏话。Yououghttovisityourgrandparentsthisweekend.这周末你应当去看望你祖父母。It’sseveno’clock.Jackshould/oughttobehereatanymoment.现在七点钟了，杰克理应随时到达。Studythegrammar.用法 说明should表示责任、义务、劝告、建议等。此时意为“应该”。should表示出乎意料、惊讶的口气。此时意为“竟然,居然”。oughtto表示义务、责任、劝告等。此时意为“应该”,语气比should略重。should和oughtto表示推测。指合乎理想的情况或结果,意为“按说应该”。(6)will/would的用法。Ifyouwanttoreadthebook,Iwillgiveittoyou.如果你想读这本书，我可以给你。Will/Wouldyoupleaseclosethewindow?请把窗户关上好吗?Everymorninghewill/wouldhaveawalkalongtheriver.每天早晨，他总是沿着小河散步。Studythegrammar.用法 说明与各种人称连用，用于陈述句中。表示主语的意志、意愿或决心。will指现在，would指过去。表示征求意见或提出请求。多用于第二人称疑问句中。would比will语气委婉。表示习惯性动作、固有属性或必然趋势。此时意为“总是；习惯于”。will指现在,would指过去。(7)need/dare的用法。Youneedn’ttelephonehimnow.你现在不必打电话给他。Shedarenot

gooutaloneatnight.她晚上不敢一个人出去。Studythegrammar.用法 说明need和dare既可用作情态动词，也可用作实义动词。

need作情态动词时,表示“需要”,常用于否定句和疑问句中。needn’t表示“不必”;对need引出的一般疑问句作肯定回答时用must而不用need，作否定回答时用needn’t。dare作情态动词时,表示“敢,胆敢”,后跟动词原形,常用于疑问句、否定句和条件句中。(8)hadbetter的用法。hadbetter表示“最好”，其缩写为“’dbetter”，表示“最好做某事”。It’sverycoldoutside.You’dbetterputonmoreclothes.外面很冷，你最好多穿些衣服。HewarnedmethatIhadbetternotsayanythingaboutit.他警告我对此事最好只字不提。Studythegrammar.结构 说明hadbetter的基本式hadbetter意为“最好”“应该”，后接动词原形。hadbetter的否定式通常将not置于hadbetter之后。hadbetter的疑问式通常将had置于主语之前。hadbetter+完成式表示最好做完某事或本该做某事而未做。过去将来时一、过去将来时的含义过去将来时表示从过去的某一时间来看将来要发生的动作或存在的状态。过去将来时常用在主句谓语动词为过去时态的宾语从句中。过去将来时的句子中有时包含时间状语thenextday、soon等。Iknewyouwould

agree.我知道你会同意的。Hepromisedthathewouldnotopentheletteruntil2o’clock.他许诺两点钟之前不会打开信。Studythegrammar.二、过去将来时的用法1.过去将来时的基本结构是“would+动词原形”，否定式是在would后面加not。Thedirectorsaidhewouldmeetthefamousactorthenextday.导演说他会在第二天与那个著名演员见面。2.表示过去将来时的其他结构:①was/weregoingto+动词原形Marysaidshewasgoingtostartoffatonce.玛丽说她将立即出发。②was/wereto+动词原形Thebuildingwastobecompletednextmonth.这座建筑将在下个月竣工。Studythegrammar.③was/wereaboutto+动词原形Wewereabouttoleavetherewhenitbegantorainheavily.我们正要离开，这时候下起了大雨。④come、go、leave、arrive、start等词可用过去进行时代替过去将来时。Shetoldmeshewascomingtoseeme.她告诉我她要来看我。Hesaidthetrainwasleavingatsixthenextmorning.他说火车将于第二天早晨六点离开。⑤在条件状语从句和时间状语从句中常用一般过去时代替过去将来时。Shetoldusthatshewouldnotgowithus,ifitrained.她告诉我们，如果下雨的话，她就不和我们一起去了。Studythegrammar.StepII应用实践Fillintheblankswithmay,might,can,couldn’t.cancouldn’tcouldn’tCanmaymightMay1.Samuel,thetallestboyinourclass,

____________

easilyreachthebooksonthetopshelf.2.Itwasreallyannoying;I

____________

getaccesstothedatabankyouhadrecommended.3.Itwassonoisythatwe

____________

hearourselvesspeak.4.

____________

Ihaveawordwithyou?Itwon’ttakelong.5.You____________

feelallthetrainingawasteoftime,butI’mahundredpercentsurelateryou’llbegratefulforit.6.Lifeisunpredictable;eventhepoorest____________

becometherichest.7.

____________

Ismokeinthisroom?用will、would、shall、can、must的适当形式填空并写出情态动词在后三句中所表达的含义。won’twouldcan’tshallShallmust需要禁止推测mustn’tmust1.Myparents____________

allowmetostayoutlate.2.He____________

getupearlywhenhelivedinthecountry.3.Ifyou____________

come,I____________

nottellyouthenews.4.____________

Ihavethatbooktomorrow?5.You____________

practiseyourspokenEnglishifyouwanttoimproveit.

表示____________

6.You____________

breakyourpromise.表示____________

7.She____________

betiredaftersuchalongwalk.表示____________

用“情态动词+havedone”完成句子。1.他们一定去过长城，不是吗?They___________________

totheGreatWall,haven’tthey?2.昨天晚上他不可能看电视,因为他知道就要考试了。He___________________

TVlastnight,forheknewhewouldhaveatest.3.本来他能够通过考试,但是他太粗心了。He___________________theexam,buthewastoocareless.musthavebeencan’thavewatchedcouldhavepassed用过去将来时完成句子。1.Hesaidhe______________________(come)toseemesoon.2.Iwastoldthathe______________________(return)homenextmonth.3.Itseemedasifit________(be)goingtorain.wouldcome/wascomingwasgoingtoreturnwasReadthepassageandfillintheblankswithsuitablemodalverbsinthebox.InthefilmTheMillionPoundBankNote,HenryAdamsisstuckinaforeigncountrywithoutmoneyandfriends,andwithnowheretostay.Whilethissituation__________seemunusual,itcansometimeshappentotravellers.Incaseithappenstoyouonatripabroad,what__________youdo?First,andmostimportantly,you__________staycalm.Fear__________causeyoutobecomeconfused.Youneedtothinkclearly.Second,youshouldgotoyournearestconsulate.They__________beabletohelptosomeextent.Third,you__________dowelltocheckwithsomelocalcharities.They__________offerhelptotravellersinneed.Fourth,you__________avoidgettingintotrouble.You__________thinkthatstealingsomemoneyorfoodwouldhelpyou,butyoushouldnotdoso.Gettingcaught__________ruinyourlife.maymustcanoughttomighthadbetterwouldshouldmayshouldmustcanoughttowouldmighthadbettermightwouldBoth“woulddo”and“was/weregoingtodo”canbeusedtotalkaboutfutureeventsorintentionsinthepast.Completethefollowingsentencesthatdescribethefutureusingeitherformofthegivenverbs.1.PhilipboughttwoticketsforThePhantomoftheOpera.He_______________________________(watch)thismusicalwithhisgirlfriendontheweekend.2.IwassosurprisedatthenewsthatDavid______________________________(play)theroleofthedinosaurintheplaythatIgavehimahugoutofjoy.3.Lilydecidedthatshe___________________________(settle)inNew