四川省凉山州西昌市2023-2024学年高二上学期期中考试英语试题（ 含答案解析 ）

西昌市2023-2024学年度上期期中检测高二英语本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。第Ⅰ卷(选择题)第1至8页，第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)第9至10页，共计10页。答题卡2页。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、座位号、准考证号用0.5毫米的黑色签字笔填写在答题卡上，并检查条形码粘贴是否正确。2.选出题使用2B铅笔涂在答题卡对应题目标号的位置上;非选择题用0.5毫米黑色签字笔书写在答题卡的对应框内，超出答题区域书写的答案无效;在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。3.考试结束后，将答题卡收回。第Ⅰ卷第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5个小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一道小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.L19.15B.L9.18C.L9.15答案是C。1.Whatdidthemandolastweekend?A.Hewentcamping.B.Heattendedaparty.C.Hestayedhomewithhisfriends.2.WhendidthewomanmeetAnna?A.At7:55.B.At7:58C.At8:023.WhydoesthewomanrememberJamessowell?A.Hehasafunnyface.B.Hewasthe1stpersonshemet.C.Hewaslateforschoolonthefirstday.4.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Heiseagertomeettheboss.B.Heplanstogiveatalkonfishing.C.Hehasthesamehobbyastheboss.5.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Bobneverstudieshard.B.Bobhasbeenstudyinghardlately.C.Bobstartedpreparingforthetestlongago.第二节(共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置，听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题。每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6和7题.6Whatdidthewomandreamabout?A.Themanhadanaccident.B.Thebosswantedtofiretheman.C.Themanwasgoingtogiveuphisjob.7.What’stherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues.B.Doctorandpatient.C.Husbandandwife.听第7段材料，回答第8和9题.8.Whydidthewomancalltheman?A.Tocancelabooking.B.Tomakeareservation.C.Tochangehertrip.9.Whendoesthehotelhaveaspecialoffer?A.InJanuary.B.InFebruary.C.InMarch.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题.10.WhomightJohnnybe?A.Theman’sson.B.Theman’sbrother.C.Thewoman’sbrother.11.Whatwillthemandotoday?A.Goshopping.B.Meetsomefriends.C.Playbasketball.12.Whatkindoflifedoesthewomanlive?A.Verybusy.B.Easy.C.Interesting.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题.13Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Onthephone.B.Attheoffice.C.Inarestaurant.14.Whatdoesthewomanthinkisthekeypartofthewholeoperation?A.Havingearlystudies.B.Havingagoodproduct.C.Gettingagoodimportagent.15.Whatkindofcompanydoesthemanworkfor?AAphonecompany.B.Abicyclecompany.C.Afurnituredesigncompany.16.Whatdoesthewomanmeanintheend?A.Shewillselltheproduct.B.Shewillhelpthemanwiththereport.C.Shehasn’tbeenconvincedbytheman.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题.17.Whydidthespeaker’sfamilymovetoNewYorkCity?A.Togotoabetterschool.B.Toexperiencemoreculture.C.Tomoveintoasmallerapartment.18.Whatdidthespeakerdislikeabouthernewbuilding?A.Itwasnoisyoutside.B.Itwasfarfromherschool.C.Itwasn’tinasafeneighborhood.19.Whatwasthespeaker’sfavoritethingaboutthecity?A.Eatingdeliciousfood.B.Goingtomuseumsandtheatres.C.Makingalotofnewfriends.20.Whatdidthespeakermainlythinkofthecity?A.Itwasmostlypositive.B.Everythingwasachallenge.C.Thingschangedfrombadtogood.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑.AWhetheritisforaspecialfestival,toexpressthanksortojustletsomeoneknowthatyoucareaboutthem,givinggiftsisacommoncustom.Thepurposeofgivinggiftsmaybesimilar,butthetraditionvariesfromcountrytocountry.Agiftofrespectinoneplacemaybeconsideredrudeinanother.Takealookatthreeuniquegift-givingtraditions.IndiaIfyou’reinvitedtosomeone’shomeinIndia,youshouldbringasmallgift,whetherit’saboxofchocolatesorsomeflowers.Giftsshouldn’tbewrappedinblackorwhitecolors,becausetheyareconsideredunlucky.Instead,usebrightcolorssuchasgreen,redoryellow.Whengivingmoney,itshouldhaveanoddnumber(奇数)value,whichisbelievedtobringgoodluck.Insteadofreceivingagiftwith-bothhands,Indiansgenerallyonlyusetheirrighthandbecauselefthandsareconsideredunclean.JapanFormostJapanese,theritual(礼节)ofgivingpresentsismoreimportantthanthegiftsthemselves.Thecorrectwayistopresentorreceivegiftswithbothhands.Everygiftshouldbewrapped.That’sbecauseun-coveredgiftsareconsidereddisrespectful.Toshowpolitenessandthanks,peoplemayturnitdownonceortwicebeforefinallyacceptingit.Giftsshouldbegiveninpairs,butfourshouldbeavoidedjustlikeinChina.Luckynumbersalsoincludeeight,foreightissaidtobringprosperity(兴旺).NativeAmericaWhileitmaybecommonforgueststopreparegiftsforhosts,thisisdifferentinNativeAmericancommunities.Fromweddingstobirthdaycelebrations,guestsaretheoneswhoreceivegifts.Giftsareusuallyhomemadeartsandcrafts(手工艺品)-madebyhandtoshowlove,respectandappreciation.1.WhatcolorshouldbeavoidedwhenyouwrapagiftinIndia?A.Green. B.Red. C.Yellow. D.White.2.Whatdogift-givingcustomsinIndiaandJapanhaveincommon?A.Wrappedgifts. B.Receivingwithbothhands.C.Similarluckynumbers. D.Rejectingonceortwice.3.Whereisitcommonforhoststopreparepresentsforguestsaccordingtothetext?A.India. B.Japan. C.NativeAmerica. D.China.【答案】1.D2.A3.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。无论是为了一个特殊的节日，表达感谢或只是让别人知道你关心他们，送礼物是一个普遍的习俗。本文主要介绍了三个国家独特的送礼传统。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据India部分中的“Giftsshouldn’tbewrappedinblackorwhitecolors,becausetheyareconsideredunlucky.Instead,usebrightcolorssuchasgreen,redoryellow.(礼物不应该用黑色或白色包装，因为它们被认为是不吉利的。相反，使用明亮的颜色，如绿色，红色或黄色。)”可知，在印度包装礼物时应该避免使用白色。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据India部分中的“Giftsshouldn’tbewrappedinblackorwhitecolors,becausetheyareconsideredunlucky.Instead,usebrightcolorssuchasgreen,redoryellow.(礼物不应该用黑色或白色包装，因为它们被认为是不吉利的。相反，使用明亮的颜色，如绿色，红色或黄色。)”和Japan部分中的“Everygiftshouldbewrapped.(每份礼物都应该包装好。)”可知，印度和日本的送礼习俗的共同点是包装礼物。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据NativeAmerica部分中的“Whileitmaybecommonforgueststopreparegiftsforhosts,thisisdifferentinNativeAmericancommunities.Fromweddingstobirthdaycelebrations,guestsaretheoneswhoreceivegifts.(虽然客人为主人准备礼物是很常见的，但这在美洲原住民社区是不一样的。从婚礼到生日庆典，客人都是收到礼物的人。)”可知，主人为客人准备礼物在美洲原住民很常见。故选C。BIwasdiagnosedattheageof14withadisease,whichthedoctorssaidwouldleavemeinawheelchairat25anddeadat40.Luckily,itdidn’thappenaspredicted.Thediseaseneverspreadtomylegs,forwhichIamverygrateful.Still,everythingIdidhurt,fromopeningadoortoputtingonmyclothes.Inolongerhadtheabilitytomovemythumbs,andmylefthandwasfunctionallyparalyzed(功能性瘫痪).IwasinconstantpainbecauseIlackedthemusclestrengthrequiredtodothesesimpletasks.Afterundergoing40yearsofthisdisease,Idecidedtostepintotheworldofalternative(可替代的/非传统的)healing.Ilearnedtoallowtheflowofgracetohealandcareforme.Healingishavingthecouragetoloveyourself,andtrustingyoudeserveabetterlifeandhealthierexistence.WhenIadoptedthatnewbeliefsystem,myentirebeingstartedtoshiftintowellness.Slowlyandsteadily,IwasunlockingmyselffromtheonlyexistenceIhadknown.Ibegantoimagineanewlifefilledwithjoyandacceptance.Ifmyhearthealed,mybodywouldheal.AsIbecamemoreintouchwiththeenergyaroundme,Ilearnedtheincrediblepowerofwordsandhowwereceiveexactlywhatweaskfor.Icametounderstandthateverythinginlifeisanoffering,anopportunitytogrow.Wealwayshaveachoice.Wecanremaintrappedinpastbeliefpatternsandbehaviorsthatnolongerserveus,orwecancreateanewstory,onethatistruertoourselves.Ilearnedthat“forgiveness+compassion=healing”.Whenweforgiveourselves,andothers,wehealthehurtanddiscomfort.Whenwearecompassionate(有同情心的)andgraceful,weattractthesame.Asaresultofmyefforts,Inowliveeachdayinjoyandgratitude.SinceIcanheal,anyonecanheal.Weareheretobeinourheart’sdesireandliveourpurpose.4.Howisthe2ndparagraphdeveloped?A.Bygivingexamples. B.Bylistingstatistics.CBymakingcomparisons. D.Byclassifyingfacts.5.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor?A.Sheusedtomoveinawheelchair.B.Shewasrescuedbyadoctorat40.C.Shewasinconstantpainforaheartattack.D.Shehaschangedhermindsettowardpositivity.6.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribeshernewbeliefsystem?A.Uncertain. B.Ridiculous. C.Beneficial. D.ineffective.7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Learningtoforgiveothers. B.Shiftingintowellness.C.Meetingabigchallenge. D.Healingtheworld.【答案】4.A5.D6.C7.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者如何通过自我疗愈克服疾病的故事。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Still,everythingIdidhurt,fromopeningadoortoputtingonmyclothes.Inolongerhadtheabilitytomovemythumbs,andmylefthandwasfunctionallyparalyzed(功能性瘫痪).IwasinconstantpainbecauseIlackedthemusclestrengthrequiredtodothesesimpletasks.(尽管如此，我做的每件事都很痛，从开门到穿衣服。我的拇指再也不能活动了，我的左手功能性瘫痪了。我经常感到疼痛，因为我缺乏做这些简单工作所需的肌肉力量。)”可知，作者在第二段中通过举例的方式来说明自己的具体情况。故选A项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Healingishavingthecouragetoloveyourself,andtrustingyoudeserveabetterlifeandhealthierexistence.WhenIadoptedthatnewbeliefsystem,myentirebeingstartedtoshiftintowellness.(治愈是有勇气爱自己，相信自己值得拥有更好的生活和更健康的存在。当我接受了这个新的信念体系后，我的整个身体开始变得健康起来。)”和第五段中“Slowlyandsteadily,IwasunlockingmyselffromtheonlyexistenceIhadknown.Ibegantoimagineanewlifefilledwithjoyandacceptance.Ifmyhearthealed,mybodywouldheal.(慢慢地，稳步地，我把自己从我所知道的唯一存在中解放出来。我开始想象一种充满欢乐和接纳的新生活。如果我的心痊愈了，我的身体也会痊愈。)”可推知，作者通过调整自己的心态，让自己变得积极乐观，进而达到了治愈的目的。故选D项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“WhenIadoptedthatnewbeliefsystem,myentirebeingstartedtoshiftintowellness.(当我接受了这个新的信念体系后，我的整个身体开始变得健康起来。)”可知，作者的新信仰体系让她受益。故选C项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第三段中“Afterundergoing40yearsofthisdisease,Idecidedtostepintotheworldofalternative(可替代的/非传统的)healing.Ilearnedtoallowtheflowofgracetohealandcareforme.(在经历了40年的这种疾病之后，我决定进入替代疗法的世界。我学会了让恩典之流来治愈和照顾我。)”、第四段中“WhenIadoptedthatnewbeliefsystem,myentirebeingstartedtoshiftintowellness.(当我接受了这个新的信念体系后，我的整个身体开始变得健康起来。)”和倒数第三段中“Wealwayshaveachoice.Wecanremaintrappedinpastbeliefpatternsandbehaviorsthatnolongerserveus,orwecancreateanewstory,onethatistruertoourselves.(我们总是有选择的。我们可以继续困在过去不再为我们服务的信念模式和行为中，或者我们可以创造一个新的故事，一个对自己更真实的故事。)”可推知，文章讲述了作者通过调整自己的心态，让自己变得积极乐观，达到自我疗愈和克服疾病的故事，故事中作者主动选择了“变得健康”，所以“Shiftingintowellness.”是文章最佳标题。故选B项。CFewpeopleexpectedthatanewsongwrittenandperformedbyChinesepopsinger-songwriterDaolang,whokepthimselfoutofthespotlightforyears,wouldgoviralonsocialmedia.However,thetrackLuochaHaishi(AMarketinaFarawayLand)—oneofthe11originalsongsfromthe52-year-oldartist’slatestalbumtitledShanGeLiaoZai(FolkSongsFadingAway)—hastoppedthechartsonseveralChinesemusicappsandhasbecomeoneofthebiggesthitsoftheyearsofar.Thesong,whichwasreleasedonJuly19,got8billionstreamsby6pmonJuly30,accordingtoTideNews.Thecuriositysurroundingthesongseemstobedrivingitspopularity.Socialmediausersarefiercelydebatingifthelyricshavehiddenmeanings.Readingbetweenthelines,someonlinelistenerssaidthesongisastingingsatire(尖锐的讽刺)onthecurrent“unhealthyandchaotic(混乱的)environmentinshowbusiness”inChina,whileothersseeLuochaHaishiasDaolang’s“revenge”onpeoplewhooncecriticizedhismusic.Accordingtothealbum’sintroduction,ShanGeLiaoZaiisamixofLiaozhaiZhiyi,whichisacollectionofghoststoriesbyPuSongling,andChinesefolksongsofdifferentregions.ThelyricsofLuochaHaishiisadaptedfromaLiaozhaiZhiyitalebythesamename,whichtalksaboutaman’sadventureinafarawaykingdomcalledLuocha.Thepeopleofthisimaginarylandregarduglinessasbeauty,callblackwhiteandconfusebetweenrightandwrong.HongQi,asinger-songwriter,saidinaninterviewthatDaolanglovestraditionalChinesecultureandfolkmusic,andsoitwasverynaturalfortheexperiencedmusiciantochoosethethemethathedid.Anyotherinterpretationcomesfrompeople’sownimagination.“AsaresearcheronclassicChineseliterature,IappreciateDaolang,whosenewsongiscreativeandgivesLiaozhaiZhiyianewinterpretation.Idon’tknowwhetherthesongistargetedatacertaingroupofpeopleoroneperson.Whatmakesitmeaningfulisthatitfuelsdiscussionsandmakespeoplethink,”saidMiaoHuaiming,aprofessoratNanjingUniversity’sSchoolofLiberalArts.8.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“goviral”inparagraph1referto?A.Takeoff. B.Loseout. C.Suffercriticism. D.Fightback.9.WhyisthetrackLuochaHaishisopopularonsocialmedia?A.Becauseithasgot8billionstreamsintheworld.B.Becausepeoplearecuriousaboutitslyrics’meanings.C.BecauseitmaybeDaolang’s”revenge”onsomepersons.D.Becauseitisastingingsatireonthecurrentmusicindustry.10.WhatcanwelearnaboutShanGeLiaoZaiaccordingtothetext?A.Thebiggesthitoftheyearsofar.B.Aman’sadventureinafarawaykingdom.C.AcollectionofghoststoriesbyPuSongling.D.AmixoftraditionalChinesecultureandfolkmusic.11.WhatistheMiaoHuaiming’sattitudetowardsDaolang’snewsong?A.Neutral. B.Critical. C.Supportive. D.Doubtful.【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了多年来一直远离聚光灯的中国流行歌手、词曲作者刀郎创作并演唱的一首新歌会在社交媒体上走红。这位52岁的歌手的最新专辑《山歌廖哉》中的11首原创歌曲之一《罗刹海市》在多个中国音乐应用程序上登顶排行榜，并成为今年迄今为止最热门的歌曲之一。【8题详解】词义猜测题。根据第一段中“However,thetrackLuochaHaishi(AMarketinaFarawayLand)—oneofthe11originalsongsfromthe52-year-oldartist’slatestalbumtitledShanGeLiaoZai(FolkSongsFadingAway)—hastoppedthechartsonseveralChinesemusicappsandhasbecomeoneofthebiggesthitsoftheyearsofar.Thesong,whichwasreleasedonJuly19,got8billionstreamsby6pmonJuly30,accordingtoTideNews.”（然而，这位52岁的歌手的最新专辑《山歌廖哉》中的11首原创歌曲之一《罗刹海市》在多个中国音乐应用程序上登顶排行榜，并成为今年迄今为止最热门的歌曲之一。据潮汐新闻报道，这首歌于7月19日发布，截至7月30日下午6点，播放量已达80亿。）由此可知，此处为多年来一直远离聚光灯的中国流行歌手、词曲作者刀郎创作并演唱的一首新歌会在社交媒体上走红。故可猜测划线短语goviral为“走红”的意思，结合选项A项takeoff“突然成功或流行起来”意思一致。故选A项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Thecuriositysurroundingthesongseemstobedrivingitspopularity.Socialmediausersarefiercelydebatingifthelyricshavehiddenmeanings.”（人们对这首歌的好奇似乎推动了它的流行。社交媒体用户正在激烈讨论歌词是否有隐藏的含义。）可知，这首歌在社交媒体上如此受欢迎是因为人们对歌词的含义很好奇。故选B项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Accordingtothealbum’sintroduction,ShanGeLiaoZaiisamixofLiaozhaiZhiyi,whichisacollectionofghoststoriesbyPuSongling,andChinesefolksongsofdifferentregions.”（据专辑介绍，《山歌廖哉》是蒲松龄的鬼故事集《聊斋志异》和中国各地民歌的混合体。）以及第四段“HongQi,asinger-songwriter,saidinaninterviewthatDaolanglovestraditionalChinesecultureandfolkmusic,andsoitwasverynaturalfortheexperiencedmusiciantochoosethethemethathedid.”（创作型歌手洪琦在接受采访时表示，刀郎热爱中国传统文化和民间音乐，所以对于这位经验丰富的音乐家来说，选择这样的主题是很自然的。）可知，《山歌寮载》是中国传统文化与民间音乐的融合。故选D项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段““AsaresearcheronclassicChineseliterature,IappreciateDaolang,whosenewsongiscreativeandgivesLiaozhaiZhiyianewinterpretation.Idon’tknowwhetherthesongistargetedatacertaingroupofpeopleoroneperson.Whatmakesitmeaningfulisthatitfuelsdiscussionsandmakespeoplethink,”saidMiaoHuaiming,aprofessoratNanjingUniversity’sSchoolofLiberalArts.”（“作为一名中国古典文学研究者，我很欣赏刀郎，他的新歌很有创意，给了《聊斋志异》一个新的诠释。我不知道这首歌是针对某一群人还是某一个人。它之所以有意义，是因为它引发了讨论，引发了人们的思考，”南京大学文科学院教授苗怀明说。）可推知，苗怀明对刀郎的新歌持支持的态度。故选C项。DWiththeweathergettinghot,bitescausedbymosquitoes(蚊子)notonlyannoypeople,butcanresultinmanyinfectiousdiseases.Evenwhenpeoplewearlongclothes,mosquitoes’complexbitingmechanismenablesthemtobitethroughclothes.Itwouldbegreatifclothingcouldbeusedtocompletelypreventpeoplefromgettingbitten.Researcherstestedgraphene(石墨烯),amaterialthatisincrediblythinbutreallystrong,inordertofindoutifitcanmakeclothingresistant(有抵抗力的)tomosquitoes.Inthelabexperiment,volunteersexposedasmallpatchofskinontheirarmsorhandstoroughly100miosquitoesforfiveminutesatatime.Researcherstestedthreedifferentsituations:volunteerswearingnoprotection,wearingcheesecloth(薄纱棉布),orwearingcheeseclothplusathingraphenelayerunderit.Avideocamerawasthenusedtorecordandquantifymosquitoes’behavior,includingwhethertheylandedontheskin,howlongtheystayedthere,andwhethertheybegantosuckblood.Thenumberofbiteseachvolunteergotwasalsocalculatedbasedonhowmanyswellingsdevelopedontheirskinafterward.Finally,researchersdroppedalittlewaterorsweatontopofthegraphenelayerandstudiedtheconsequence,andtheyalsotestedaslightlydifferentgraphenelayercalled“reducedgraphene”.Asaresult,thenumberofmosquitobitesonnakedskinwasthehighest,about16onaverage;skinonlyprotectedbycheeseclothgotthesecond,about10perfiveminutes’exposure.Theexcitingfindingwasthattherewasnoswelling(肿胀)developingonskincoveredbythethingraphenelayerundercheesecloth,whichmeansthematerialiseffectiveatpreventingmosquitobites.Themosquitoeslandedonskintotallyuncoveredorcoveredincheeseclothabout23timesonaverage,andstayedforonetotwominutes.Comparatively,themosquitoeslandedonskincoveredinthegraphenelayerfewerthan10times,andthelengthoftheirstaywasmuchshorter.Besides,waterorsweatcanruinthegraphenelayer,whichallowsmosquitoestobitethroughit.Butfortunately,thenumberofmosquitobitesineitherdryorwetconditionscanbeloweredaslongasthegraphenematerialisimprovedtoacertainextent.12.Whatisthepurposeofthisexperiment?A.Tocomparedifferenttypesofmaterials.B.Totestifgraphenecanstopmosquitobites.C.Tofindusefulwaystokeepmosquitoesaway.D.Tofindsomematerialstopreventmosquitobites.13Whatarethe3and4thparagraphmainlyabout?A.Whygrapheneisausefulmaterial. B.Howtheexperimentwasconducted.C.Howavideocamerawasused. D.Whatthefinalconclusionwas.14.Whatcanallowmosquitoestobitethroughthegraphenelayer?A.Applyingwatertographene. B.Addingathingraphenelayer.C.Makingthegraphenelayerdry. D.Improvingthegraphenematerial.15.Wherecanthistextcomefrom?A.Abookreview. B.Atravelmagazine.C.Anofficialdocument. D.Anewsreport.【答案】12.B13.B14.A15.D【解析】【导语】本文是新闻报道，文章主要报道了科学家们通过研究发现石墨烯制成的衣服在应对蚊虫叮咬方面有一定的效果。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Itwouldbegreatifclothingcouldbeusedtocompletelypreventpeoplefromgettingbitten.Researcherstestedgraphene(石墨烯),amaterialthatisincrediblythinbutreallystrong,inordertofindoutifitcanmakeclothingresistant(有抵抗力的)tomosquitoes.(如果衣服可以用来完全防止人们被咬，那就太好了。研究人员测试了石墨烯，这是一种非常薄但非常坚固的材料，为了找出它是否能使衣服抵抗蚊子。)”可知，研究者为了做这个实验的目的是测试石墨烯预防蚊虫叮咬的有效性，故选B。【13题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“Inthelabexperiment,volunteersexposedasmallpatchofskinontheirarmsorhandstoroughly100miosquitoesforfiveminutesatatime.Researcherstestedthreedifferentsituations：volunteerswearingnoprotection,wearingcheesecloth(薄纱棉布),orwearingcheeseclothplusathingraphenelayerunderit.(在实验室实验中，志愿者将手臂或手上的一小块皮肤暴露在大约100只蚊子面前，每次持续5分钟。研究人员测试了三种不同的情况：志愿者没有穿防护服，穿粗棉布，或穿粗棉布下面加一层薄石墨烯。)”和第四段“Avideocamerawasthenusedtorecordandquantifymosquitoes’behavior,includingwhethertheylandedontheskin,howlongtheystayedthere,andwhethertheybegantosuckblood.Thenumberofbiteseachvolunteergotwasalsocalculatedbasedonhowmanyswellingsdevelopedontheirskinafterward.Finally,researchersdroppedalittlewaterorsweatontopofthegraphenelayerandstudiedtheconsequence,andtheyalsotestedaslightlydifferentgraphenelayercalled“reducedgraphene”.(然后用摄像机记录和量化蚊子的行为，包括它们是否落在皮肤上，它们在皮肤上停留了多长时间，以及它们是否开始吸血。每个志愿者被咬的次数也是根据他们之后皮肤上出现的肿胀程度来计算的。最后，研究人员在石墨烯层顶部滴一点水或汗水，并研究其后果，他们还测试了一种稍有不同的石墨烯层，称为“还原石墨烯”。)”可知，第三段和第四段主要介绍了实验是如何进行的。故选B。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Besides,waterorsweatcanruinthegraphenelayer,whichallowsmosquitoestobitethroughit.(此外，水或汗液会破坏石墨烯层，使蚊子可以咬穿它。)”可知，将水涂在石墨烯上能让蚊子咬穿石墨烯层，故选A。【15题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第二段“Itwouldbegreatifclothingcouldbeusedtocompletelypreventpeoplefromgettingbitten.Researcherstestedgraphene(石墨烯),amaterialthatisincrediblythinbutreallystrong,inordertofindoutifitcanmakeclothingresistant(有抵抗力的)tomosquitoes.(如果衣服可以用来完全防止人们被咬，那就太好了。研究人员测试了石墨烯，这是一种非常薄但非常坚固的材料，为了找出它是否能使衣服抵抗蚊子。)”可知，文章主要报道了科学家们通过研究发现，石墨烯制成的衣服在应对蚊虫叮咬方面有一定的效果。由此可推知，文章选自新闻报道，故选D。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从文后选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoImproveLong-termMemoryTherearesomethingsthatareeasyforustorememberandyounoticethatyoucanstillrecallthatinformationevenwhenyounolongerneedit.Sometimesitisdifficulttorememberinformation.___16___Trythefollowingstepsbelowtorememberinformationyouwanttokeepinyourlong-termmemory.Organizeinformationintogroups.___17___Itislikeasupermarket;thingsofthesamekindareputinthesameplace.___18___Relatewhatyouhavealreadyknowntowhatyouwillremember.Thisisanexcellentwayforyoutokeepinformationinmindasitcanmakeyourmemoryfunctionbetterwhentherelatedinformationisneeded.Developpicturesinyourmind.Whenyouneedtorememberapieceofinformation,tryrelatingittoapicturethatiseasilyremembered.Thisishowmanypeoplerememberpositions.___19___Repeat.Themoreyouareexposedtosomething,theeasieritistorememberatalatertime.___20___Tryusinghisnameatleastthreetimeswhenyoufirsttalktosomeone.Thatnamewillbeeasiertorememberlater.A.Connectrelatedinformation.B.Buttherearewaystomakeiteasier.C.Positionsandnamesaretrickytomemorize.D.Thisisespeciallygoodformeetingnewpeople.E.Memorycanbedevelopedthroughrepeatedpractices.F.Thiswillhelpyourememberthingsbetterandlongeriftheyaregrouped.G.Developingapicture,theycansimplyrecallthatthestoreisnearthebridge.【答案】16.B17.F18.A19.G20.D【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了如何提高长期记忆的方法。【16题详解】空前“Sometimesitisdifficulttorememberinformation.(有时很难记住信息)”和空后“Trythefollowingstepsbelowtorememberinformationyouwanttokeepinyourlong-termmemory.(尝试下面的步骤来记住你想要长期记忆的信息)”为逻辑上的转折关系。B选项“但有很多方法可以让它变得更容易。”与前文进行转折，且it指代前文中“记住信息”这件事，符合语境。故B项。【17题详解】第二段第一句“Organizeinformationintogroups.(应将信息分组)”表明应将信息分组。F选项“如果将信息分组，这将帮助你更好、更长久地记住它们。”与前文语境一致，介绍了将信息分组的好处，且本句中的aregrouped与前一句中的intogroups对应。故选F项。【18题详解】此处是本段中心句，根据下文“Relatewhatyouhavealreadyknowntowhatyouwillremember.Thisisanexcellentwayforyoutokeepinformationinmindasitcanmakeyourmemoryfunctionbetterwhentherelatedinformationisneeded.(把你已经知道的和你将要记住的联系起来。这是一个很好的方法，让你记住信息，因为它可以让你的记忆功能更好的时候，相关的信息是必要的。)”可知，本段主要介绍了要联系相关信息。A项“联系相关信息”符合，故选A项。【19题详解】根据本段中心句“Developpicturesinyourmind(在脑海中形成图像)”可知，本段主要介绍了在脑海中形成图像，以此来提高记忆，G项“在脑海形成照片，他们可以简单地回忆起商店就在桥附近。”符合本段主题，故选G项。【20题详解】空前“Themoreyouareexposedtosomething,theeasieritistorememberatalatertime.(你接触的东西越多，以后就越容易记住)”表明重复在记忆中的重要性，后文“Tryusinghisnameatleastthreetimeswhenyoufirsttalktosomeone.(当你第一次和别人说话时，试着至少三次提到他的名字)”表明空处与记忆别人名字有关。D选项“这对结识新朋友尤其有好处。”符合语境。故选D项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A，B，C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。WhitemadeaU-turnandwasnowfacinginthesamedirectionasthepickup(皮卡车),buttherewerefourcarsseparatingthem.White___21___hishorn,hopingthecarsinfrontwouldmoveaside.Theydidn’t.Hetriedtoswingintotheleftlaneandpasseveryone,butoncomingtrafficmadeit___22___.___23___,Whitepulledhiscarover,jumpedoutandranupthesidewalk.Thepickupwasgoing10to15mph,Whiteestimates.CaptainHarrisburgeveninloafers(懒人拖)___24___fasterthanasuddenly___25___pickup.He___26___movedintotheroad,runningaroundtothedriver’sside.Thewindowwasdownonthistemperateautumnday.White___27___theframeofthewindow-hislegsmovinginstepwiththepickup-andwithamightyheave,leapedin.Whitewasnow___28___thecab(驾驶室)ofthetruck,hislegshangingoutthewindow.Themanbehindthewheel,64-year-oldToddDeAngelis,wasjustconsciousenoughtobestartled(受惊吓)bytheoddsightofastrangersprawledacrosshisstomach,andheletouta___29___.Whiteworkedquickly.Hetookholdofthegearshift(换挡器)andforcedthe___30___intopark,causingitto___31___.Hethrewhimselfoutfromthetruckwindowthesamewayhecamein.Byhisestimate,hewasinandoutofthetruckinaboutfourseconds.Fromoutsidethetruck,WhiteaskedDeAngelisifhewasOK.”No,“hereplied,inahaze.DeAngelis,adiabetic(糖尿病患者),was___32___facingdangerouslylowbloodsugar.Whiteflaggeddownapoliceofficer.A(n)___33___soonarrivedandtookDeAngelistoahospital.Hekeptmefromamuchworseaccidentthanitcouldhavebeen,andIcouldhavelostconsciousnessbecauseoflowbloodsugarDeAngelissaidafterhisrecovery.White’s___34___thatdaywasnotoutofcharacter.Asateenager,heoncekickedinthedoorofahousethatwasonfiretoseeifanyonewastrappedinside.___35___,thehousewasempty.”I’malwaystryingtohelp,whereIcan,whenIcan,“hesays.Butjumpingintoamovingvehicletopreventacrash?Whiteadmitsthiswasnewfield.21.A.sounded B.handled C.released D.kicked22.A.strange B.impossible C.obvious D.accessible23.A.Tired B.Disappointed C.Trapped D.Angry24.A.drags B.walks C.goes D.runs25.A.leaving B.moving C.speeding D.turning26.A.casually B.willingly C.quickly D.carefully27.A.lifted B.seized C.carried D.opened28.A.inside B.outside C.below D.above29.A.crу B.groan C.rage D.cheer30.A.car B.pickup C.driver D.teenager31.A.turn B.speed C.stop D.move32.A.occasionally B.normally C.frequently D.unexpectedly33.A.truck B.car C.ambulance D.bus34.A.action B.bravery C.suffering D.attempt35.A.Fortunately B.Eventually C.Evidently D.Sadly【答案】21.A22.B23.C24.D25.D26.C27.B28.A29.A30.B31.C32.D33.C34.B35.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了主人公怀特跳进一辆行驶中的卡车，及时让卡车停了下来，之后拨打急救电话拯救司机ToddDeAngelis的故事。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：怀特按响了喇叭，希望前面的汽车能靠边站。A.sounded（使）发出声音；B.handled处理；C.released释放；D.kicked踢。根据后文的“hishorn,hopingthecarsinfrontwouldmoveaside.”可知，怀特希望前面的汽车能靠边站，故按响了喇叭。故选A项。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他试图转入左车道超过所有人，但迎面而来的车辆使他