二晚英语课复习重点

PAGE1-二晚英语课复习重点名词和主谓一致一、名词知识点讲解1．名词的几个注意事项①有两种复数形式的名词。peopleeq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(人民—people,民族—peoples))fisheq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(鱼条数—fish,鱼种类—fishes))pennyeq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(便士面值—pence,便士硬币个数—pennies))②只表示复数意义的集体名词。people人，人们police警察cattle牛③侧重成员时表示复数意义，侧重整体时表示单数意义的集体名词。class班级family家庭team队public大众army军队government政府④常以复数形式出现的名词。clothes衣服glasses眼镜chopsticks筷子trousers裤子goods商品；货物contents目录sands沙滩woods森林；树林times时代lines台词surroundings环境belongings财产earnings收入arms武器manners礼貌customs海关；关税forces军队papers文件；试卷；论文⑤of前的名词是picture,photo,portrait,statue等时用of所有格和双重所有格意义有区别。eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(apicture/photoofmymother,我妈妈本人的一张照片,apicture/photoofmymother's,我妈妈拥有的一张照片))⑥常以复数形式出现的名词作定语时用复数；man和woman作定语时，其单复数根据被修饰词的单复数变化。sportsmeeting运动会salesmanager销售经理mendoctors男医生womenteachers女教师2．高考常考的名词方向⑦名词在语法填空中会考到名词的数、所有格以及名词的构词法。⑧短文改错题常考查名词的数和名词所有格。对点训练完成下列小题，并指出考查上述哪个知识点(①～⑧)第一组单项填空1．(2013·浙江卷)Astheworld'spopulationcontinuestogrow,the________offoodbecomesmoreandmoreofaconcern.A.worth B.supplyC.package D.list2．(2013·江苏卷)Withinspirationfromotherfoodcultures,Americanfoodculturecantakea________forthebetter.第二组语法填空3．(2013·江西卷)WheneverImademistakes,theteacherpointedthemoutwith________(patient)．4．—DoyouknowwhyJanewassoangry?—Herroommategaveinto________(curious)andopenedtheletteraddressedtoher.5．Goodshoes,clothesandabackpackarethebasic________(equip)youneedforyourhiking.二、语法一致知识点讲解①主语是可数名词时，谓语动词的数与主语的数相一致。②and连接两个或以上单数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数。③指物的不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。④“thenumberof...”作主语时，谓语动词用单数；“anumberof...”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。⑤“aseriesof,akindof,apieceof,apairof等＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词与表计量单位的名词一致。Fivepiecesofpaperarepaintedred.Apairofjeanscosts80dollars.⑥manya,morethanone接单数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。⑦关系代词作主语，定语从句中谓语动词的数取决于先行词。特别提示⑧“theonlyoneof＋复数名词＋定语从句”结构中，定语从句谓语动词用单数。Heistheonlyoneofmyfriendswhoisworkinghard.⑨“oneof＋复数名词＋定语从句”结构中，定语从句谓语动词用复数。Heisoneofmyfriendswhoareworkinghard.⑩主语后有with,togetherwith,alongwith,except,besides,aswellas,ratherthan（而不是）等短语时，谓语动词的数与短语前名词的数保持一致。对点训练完成下列小题，并指出考查上述哪个知识点(①～⑩)第一组单项填空1．(2013·福建卷)Thefamousmusician,aswellashisstudents,________toperformattheopeningceremonyofthe2012TaipeiFlowerExpo.A.wereinvited B.wasinvitedC.havebeeninvited D.hasbeeninvited2．(2013·湖南卷)Theuniversityestimatesthatlivingexpensesforinternationalstudents________around$8,450ayear,which________aburdenforsomeofthem.A.are;is B.are;areC.is;are D.is;is第二组语法填空3．—Hey!Hereisamessageonmycellphone,tellingmetosendmoneytothebankaccount...—Deleteit!It'satrick.Manyaperson________(cheat)bysuchtricks.4．ThenumberofforeignersthatcametoHuaihua________(be)stillincreasing.5．Ishetheonlyoneofthestudentswho________(be)herejustnow?6．Thebasketballcoach,aswellashisteam,________(be)interviewedshortlyafterthematchfortheiroutstandingperformance.三、意义一致知识点讲解①表示时间、金钱、距离的名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。2,500milesisalongdistance.Twohoursistooshortforthevisit.②分数，百分数，all,some,most,therest,theremaining,partof等作主语时，谓语动词的数根据of后的名词决定。特别提示③each,one,noone,some/any/no/everybody/thing作主语或限定主语时，谓语动词用单数。Eachofushasabook.④each,all,both用作同位语时，谓语动词与主语保持一致。Weeachhaveabook.⑤“the＋形容词”表示一类人/物时，谓语动词用复数；表示抽象概念时，谓语动词用单数。Thericharenotalwayshappy.Thebeautifulislovedbyall.⑥当what引导的从句作主语时，谓语动词取决于主语从句指代的意义。Whatwehaveareonlytwohouses.WhatisinterestingisthattheotherlargestcitywasRome.⑦不可数名词、不定式、动名词以及从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Swimmingintheseaisgreatfun.⑧family,team,group,government等集体名词若看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数；若侧重其成员，谓语动词用复数。Ourteamwinsfirstinthegame.Myfamilyaregoingonatripthissummer.⑨people,cattle,police等集体名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数。⑩可以表示民族，又可以表示语言的名词如Chinese，表示语言时，谓语动词用单数；表示民族时，谓语动词用复数。Chineseisdifficulttolearn.Chineseareahard­workingpeople.⑪population表示人口时，谓语动词用单数；当其前有分数、百分数修饰时，表示全体居民，这时谓语动词用复数。ThepopulationofCanadaisabout29million.Athirdofthepopulationnowsmokeinthiscountry.⑫news,maths,plastics等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。对点训练完成下列小题，并指出考查上述哪个知识点(①～⑫)第一组单项填空1．Sittingatthebackoftheroom________averyshygirlwithtwobrighteyes,whowasverysadabouthermarks.A.is B.wereC.are D.was2．—Thediscussionisover.________everyonereadynow?—Yes,eachofus________somethingtosay.A.Is;has B.Is;haveC.Are;has D.Are;have3．Whenwhatisperfect________，everythingimperfectwillpassaway.A.come B.comingC.comes D.came4．Therearesomanybooksinhisstudy,aboutonethirdofwhich________worthreading.A.is B.wasC.are D.were第二组语法填空5．—Someofthestudents________(be)senttohospitalafterthethree­kilometreraceyesterday.—Unbelievable!Threekilometres________(be)notverylong.6．Allthescientificevidence________(show)thatincreasinguseofchemicalsinfarming________(be)damagingourhealth.7．Partofthefamily________(be)outonholiday.Theyaresupposedtobebackattheendofthismonth.8．Howcloseparentsaretotheirchildren________(have)astronginfluenceonthecharacterofthechildren.四、邻近一致及主谓一致的特殊情况知识点讲解邻近一致①由or,either...or,neither...nor,not...but,notonly...butalso等连接的并列主语，谓语动词的单复数要与最靠近的主语的单复数一致。Washeoryouabletopersuadeher?NeitherhenorIamgoingtothecinema.②在倒装句及therebe,herebe句型中，若有几个并列成分作主语，谓语动词的数要与最靠近的一个主语一致。Onthewallhangsomepictures.Thereisadeskandsomechairsintheroom.Therearesomechairsandadeskintheroom.主谓一致的特殊情况③and连接并列主语如果是指同一个人或物，谓语动词用单数。Theteacherandsingerisayounglady.④and连接的并列主语是单数概念，且前面有every,each,no等词修饰时，谓语动词用单数。Everyboyandeverygirlhastherighttoreceiveeducation.⑤“one/either/eachof＋复数名词/代词”作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。⑥“oneandahalf＋复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Oneandahalfhoursisenough.⑦“a/an＋单数名词＋ortwo”作主语，谓语动词用单数。Astudentortwohasfailedtheexam.⑧“oneortwo＋复数名词”作主语，谓语动词用复数。Oneortwostudentsareplantingtrees.⑨“It＋be＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他部分”强调句型中，如果被强调部分是主语，that/who后谓语与被强调部分的人称和数保持一致。Itistheywhohaveworkedthereforfiveyears.⑩“themajorityof＋复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。Themajorityofboyslikefootball.⑪当man(人类),theworld(世界上的人)作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Onlymanknowshowtocook.AlltheworldknowsthatIamright.⑫aquantityof＋名词作主语，谓语动词的数与名词保持一致；quantitie