九年级英语上学期期末考试02(云南卷)-2023-2024学年九年级英语全一册单元重难点易错题精练（人教版）

2023-2024学年九年级上学期期末考试（云南卷）英语本试卷共三个部分，满分70分。注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必在答题卡上用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔填写自己的考生号、姓名、试室号、座位号，再用2B铅笔把对应这两个号码的标号涂黑。2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需要改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。不能答在试卷上。3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域的相应位置上；如需要改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案，改动的答案也不能超出指定的区域；不准使用铅笔、圆珠笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分20分）第一节单项填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并将所选答案涂到答题卡的相应位置上。1．—ThesunshinesbrightlyinYunnan.Soyou’dbettertake________umbrellawhenyougoout.—OK.It’s________usefulsuggestion.A．an;the B．a;the C．a;an D．an;a2．GiantpandaYaYaarrived________ShanghaiPudongInternationalAirport________April27th,2023fromMemphis,Tennessee.A．in;in B．on;at C．at;on D．in;on3．OnthestreetsofKunmingduringtheInternationalLaborDayholiday,jacarandas(蓝花楹)swinginthewind,whichmaybethe________whyKunmingiscalledthecityofspring.A．value B．reason C．purpose D．treasure4．Manyhandsmakelightwork.Nothingwillbeachieved________allmembersworktogether.A．if B．until C．unless D．although5．Qipaoisoneof________dressesinChina.Andmanyforeignersalsolikeitverymuch.A．traditional B．moretraditional C．mosttraditional D．themosttraditional6．Whenwestayinthecountryside,wecanbeclosetonatureand________freshair.A．takeup B．takein C．takeaway D．takeafter7．________excellentspeechgivenbyMr.Lionthegraduationceremony!Itmadeeverystudentcheerfulandhopeful.A．What B．Whatan C．How D．Howan8．—WhichclassicalChinesepoemdoyoulikebest?—IlikethepoemSongoftheFrontier(《凉州词》)byWangHan.Itsaid“Don’tlaughifwelaydrunken(醉酒)onthebattleground,________soldiersevercamebacksafeandsound?”A．howmany B．why C．which D．whose9．—Wouldyoumindmy________here?—Betternot.Ifyoudothat,youwillbefined(罚款).A．smoke B．tosmoke C．smoking D．smokeing10．Heaskedme________.A．thattheycangotomyhometownbyhigh-speedtrainB．howcantheygotomyhometownbyhigh-speedtrainC．whycouldtheygotomyhometownbyhigh-speedtrainD．iftheycouldgotomyhometownbyhigh-speedtrain第二节完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳答案，并将所选答案涂到答题卡的相应位置上。Everysummer,Cathylookedforwardto11totheislandofAndrosforvacation.Atthere,shewouldspendtimewithhergrandmotherinthecornfields12pickingseagrapeswithhercousins.13activityshereallylovedwas“crabbing”.Shewouldaskhergrandfathertotakeherouteveryeveningsoshecouldpracticehercrab(螃蟹)catchingskillsonthebeach.Cathywantedtocatchthecrabssomuchthatshewentoutonenightwhilehergrandparentsfell14.Shetookherflashlightandrushedontothebeach.Theskywas15andthebeachlookedprettydifferentfromthatoftheday.WhatmadeCathy16scaredwasthatshecouldnotseeanyoneonthebeach.17onlynoiseshecouldhearwasthecomingsandgoingsofthewaves.Cathystartedtorealizethatitwasabadideatosneak(溜)out18alone.Shedecidedtorushbackhomeas19asshecould.Justatthattime,ahugeblackcrabgotherright20.Sheletoutaloudcry.Luckily,oneofhercousinsheardherandhelpedherout.Afterthatexperience,Cathydecidednottosneakoutthehousealoneatnightagain!11．A．go B．goes C．going D．gone12．A．so B．and C．but D．because13．A．One B．Once C．First D．Firstly14．A．sleep B．slept C．sleepy D．asleep15．A．dark B．light C．brown D．white16．A．true B．truly C．truth D．truthful17．A．A B．An C．The D．/18．A．atnoon B．atnight C．inthemorning D．intheafternoon19．A．fast B．faster C．fastest D．thefastest20．A．head B．nose C．foot D．throat第二部分阅读理解（共三节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）根据短文内容，判断正误（正确“T”，错误“F”）。Snowforestsmakeupabout30%oftheworld’stotalforestareas.Althoughthesewonderfulwoodlands(林地)arenotasfamousastheAmazonorotherrainforests,theyareveryimportantfortheEarth’shealth.Snowforestsarefoundinthefarnorthoftheworld,inareasthatarequitecoldandusuallyhavealotofsnowfall.Theyrunforthousandsofmilesandcoverabout17%oftheEarth’stotallandarea.Wintersinthesewoodlandscanlastuptosixmonthsbutevenso,snowforestsarehometomanykindsofanimals.Snowforestshaveanimportantjob-helpingtoabsorb(吸收)carbon-based(碳基)gases.However,snowforestsarefacingseveraldangers.Treesarebeingcutdownfasterandfasterfortheirwood.Someforestsarebeingclearedfornewroadsandhouses.Thisleadstolessandlesslivingspaceforwildlife.What’smore,astheworldgetswarmer,theriskoffiresinsnowforestsrises.Inrecentyears,CanadaandRussiahaveseenverydangerousfires.It’sverytimetotakesomemeasurestoprotectsnowforestsnow.21．SnowforestsareasfamousasAmazonrainforest.22．Wintersinsnowforestareascanlastforalongtime.23．Snowforestscanhelptoabsorbcarbon-basedgases.24．Inrecentyears,snowforestsarefacingthedangerofdrought(干旱).25．Thepassageistalkingabouthowtoprotectsnowforests.第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）根据短文内容，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并将所选答案涂到答题卡的相应位置上。AAttheageof45,mywell-orderedlifebecamefullofchanges.After22yearsofworkinginabank,Ilosemyjob.Fromthebeginning,Ididn’tseethismatterasbadluck,butasawelcomechance.Irefusedtobesad,instead,Iactivelyplannedtodosomethingnewanddifferent.First,IdecidedtoreturntocollegeandgraduatemanyyearslaterthanIshouldhave.Doingthisatmyageneededmorecourage.Notattendingcollegedidnotstopmyjobinthebank,butnowitwasapersonalgoal.Withalotofdetermination（决心）,Iwenttoeveningclassesandbecameanadultstudent.Intheclass,Ibecamemoreandmoreconfident.Duringthistime,Irealizedthatpersonalgrowthneverstops.ThesecondthingIdidtoimprovemyselfwastolookbackatmypastlife.Itusedtobefilledwithendlessandmeaninglessthings.Butnow,myheartandlifearecompletelyaboutpeopleIcarefor.So,thelossofmyjobledtosomepositivechangesinmylife.Revisiting（再访）thepastmaderoomforthefuture.Ihaveacceptedthechange,andIammakingthemostofit.26．Whathappenedtothewriter?A．Shehaddifficultyimprovingherself. B．Hersonfailedtoenteracollege.C．Herhusbanddiedinanaccident. D．Shelostherjobattheageof45.27．Howdidthewriterdealwiththechange?A．Shefelthopeless. B．Shesawthisasbadluck.C．Shesawthisasachance. D．Shegaveupherlife.28．Whatdidthewriterdotoimproveherself?①Shemovedtoanothercity.

②Shedecidedtobeateacher.③Shelookedbackatherpastlife.

④Shereturnedtocollege.A．①② B．③④ C．①④ D．②③29．Thewriterthoughtthelossofherjobhada(n)________effect.A．positive B．negative C．exciting D．surprising30．Thebesttitleforthispassageis“________”.A．LifelongLearningPlan B．WaystoDevelopConfidenceC．PreparationfortheFuture D．MyChangesinMiddleAgeBChina’stopdefenseengineering(国防工程)expertQianQihuwasawardedtheOrderofAugusttheFirst(八一勋章)lastyearforwhathehaddonefornationaldefense.BorninOctober1937inKunshan,JiangsuProvince,Qianhasspentover60yearsstudyingprotectionengineering,helpingChinatobuildthe“UndergroundGreatWall”.Ifthegroundbuildingsareintrouble,theunderground“cities”canhidepeopleandstorethebasicthingsneededforlife.Qianspentmorethanhalfacenturyworkingfornationaldefenseandmadegreatefforttobuildmanydefensebuildingslyingdeepinsidemountains.QianhasplayedanimportantroleinmanynationalprojectssuchastheNanjingYangtzeRiverTunnel,theHongKong-Zhuhai-MacaoBridge,andtheSouh-to-NorthWaterTransferProjcct.QianisalsothewinnerofChina’stopscientifiehonor—theStatePreeminentScienceandTechnologyAward(国家最高科学技术奖)in2018.Hegaveawayallthemoneyawardedtohelppoorchildrengeteducation,whichwas8millionyuanintotal.However,Qianhimselflivesasimplelifeallthetime.31．WhathonordidQianreceivein2022?A．TheStatePreeminentScienceandTechnologyAward.B．TheOrderofAugusttheFirstC．TheNanjingYangtzeRiverTunnel.D．TheHongKong-Zhuhai-MacaoBridge.32．HowlonghasQianspentstudyingprotectionengineering?A．Morethan60years. B．Lessthan60years.C．Morethan50years. D．Lessthan50years.33．Whatcanunderground“cities”do?A．Helppoorchildrenreceiveeducation.B．Builddefensebuildingslyingdeepinsidemountains.C．Provideagoodenvironmentwherepeoplecanstudyprotectionengineering.D．Protectpeopleandthebasicthingsneededforlife.34．Thewritersupportshisopinionby______.A．makingcomparisons B．askingquestions C．listingfacts D．tellingstories35．WhatisQianlikeaccordingtothepassage?A．Helpfulandhumorous. B．Friendlyandhonest.C．Confidentandcreative. D．Hard-workingandkind.CMictobes(微生物)helpusdolotsofthingshereonEarth.Theycanmakebreadriseandcureinfections(感染),amongmanyotherthings.Researchershavedonelotsofexperimentswithmicrobesinspaceandtheirlatestfindingsshowthatthesemicrobescouldhelpusexplore(探究)moreofouruniverse.Lastsummer,theEuropeanSpaceAgencydidanexperimentcalledBioRockontheInternationalSpaceStation.Inthisexperiment,threespeciesofbacteria(细菌)weretestedontheirabilitytopullrare(稀有的)earthelements(REEs)outofrocksinthreetypesofgravity(重力)—normalEarthgravity,Marsgravityandmicrogravity.Thismethodofusingmicrobestopullout“biomining”.We’vebeendoingitforsometimehereonEarth,mainlytopulloutcopper(铜)andgold.Butwoulditworkinspaceoronanotherplanet?Theresultswereencouraging.Ofthethreespecies,onewasabletopull14typesofREEsoutofrocksinallthreetypesofgraviy.Therocksusedintheexperimentweremedeofbasalt(玄武岩)—atypeofrockthatiscommonlyfoundonEarth,Marsandthemoon.Whilethefindingsmightbeinterestingontheirown,howcantheyhelpusexplorespace?Foronething,spaceexplorationinthefuturewillrequireustofindresourcesonthemoonandMarsthatwecanusetocontinueourexplorationefforts.Biominingcanhelpusdothischeaplyandeasily.36．Whatdothelatestfindingsofmicrobesshow?A．Microbescancureinfections.B．Microbescanmakebreadrise.C．Microbescanmakepeoplefeelill.D．Microbescanhelppullresourcesfromrocks.37．WhichofthestatementsisTRUEabout“biomining”?A．Biominingisbasedontheuseofmicrobes.B．Biorminingcanhelpusfindbasaltquickly.C．Biominingcandevelopbiology.D．Itcanonlybeusedtoextractcopperandgold.38．Whatisthepurposeoftheexperiment“BioRock”?A．ToseeifbacteriacanextractcopperandgoldonEarth.B．Tofindouthowbacteriaworkunderdifferenttypesofgravity.C．Tocollectusefulmicrobes.D．Toprepareforfuturelaunchesofspacecraft.39．Whatdoweknowfromthispassage?A．Microbesarewidelyusedinscientificfields.B．Thereareonlythreekindsofgravityinspace.C．Basaltisatypeofdarkrockthatwecan’tseeitasusual.D．Biomininghasbeenusedinspaceformanyyears.40．Wherecanweprobablyreadthispassage?A．Asciencefictionbook B．Abookabouthumanhistory.C．Aguidebookabouttravelling D．Thesciencesectioninanewspaper.第三节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后所给的选项中，选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项，并将所选答案涂到答题卡的相应位置上。Doyouknowthereisanearthquakeeverythirtysecondsintheworld?ManyearthquakeshappeninChina,too.Doyouknowhowtokeepsafeinanearthquake?41Whentheearthquakehappens,protectyourselffirst.42Don’tgobacktogetyourmoneyorcomputers.Ifyouareathome,hideunderadesk.Stayawayfromwindowsbecauseanythingmayfallonyou.Ifyouareoutdoors,trytomoveawayfrombuildingsandstreetlights.Theymayfallonyou.Ifyouareinashopandfarfromthedoor,don’trunoutside.43Hideunderadesk.Don’tgetintoaliftduringanearthquake.Ifyouareinamovingcar,drivetothesideoftheroad,stopasquicklyaspossible,andstayinthecar.44It’sdangerous.Whenanearthquakehasended,becarefulbecauseaftershocksmaystillhappen.Theyarejustasdangerousastheearthquakes,sostayunderthedeskuntilyouthinkitisreallysafetogetout.Makesureyouwearshoesafteranearthquake.Theremaybebrokenglassontheground.45Weshouldalwayshopeforthebestbutbereadyfortheworst.A．Donottrytodriveacrossbridges.B．Helpthepeoplenearyou.C．Everyonewillrunoutsidesothatpeoplemayhurteachother.D．Remember,thesetipsareveryimportant.E．Hereissomeadviceforyou.F．Youcancallthepolice.G．Thelifeisthemostimportantbecausewherethereislife,thereishope.第三部分写作（共三节，满分20分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）根据句意，用括号中所给词的适当形式填空，并将答案写在答题卡的相应位置上。46．ZhangSongwenisnowoneofthemostpopular.Ilikehimverymuch.(act)47．Themostthinginourlivesistimeratherthanmoney.(value)48．You’dbetterthinkbeforetakingupanewhobby.Don’tchooseitjustforfun.(serious)49．Cookingclassescanhelpchildrentotakecareof.(they)50．Everyoneplaysanimportantroleintheenvironment.(protect)第二节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）将下列句子中汉语部分译成英语，注意使用适当的形式，并将答案写在答题卡的相应位置上。51．DifferentpartsofChinahavetheirownspecialformsof.（传统艺术）52．Whenyouahobby,youleaveallyourworriesbehind.（忙于……）53．You’llsucceedyoudoonethingatatimeandsticktoyourplan.（只要）54．Tinadidn’tgettothecinemayesterdaybecauseoftheheavytraffic.（按时）55．Weshouldthingsweuseinrightplacesinordertofindthemeasilynexttime.（摆好，放好）第三节书面表达（满分10分）56．ABetterSelfforaBetterFuture三年转瞬即逝，未来悄然而至，更好的自己遇见更好的未来。请以“ABetterSelfforaBetterFuture”为题，谈谈将来的生活中，你打算怎样成为更优秀的自己，与更美好的未来相遇。要求：1.语言流畅、书写规范、卷面整洁，词数不少于60个；2.文中不得使用真实姓名、校名，否则以零分计。_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考答案：1．D【详解】句意：——云南阳光灿烂。所以你出去的时候最好带把伞。——好的。这是个有用的建议。考查冠词辨析。a不定冠词，表泛指，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an不定冠词，表泛指，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词，表特指。第一空泛指一把雨伞，且umbrella以元音音素开头，其前应加an。第二空泛指一条有用的建议，且useful以辅音音素开头，其前应加a。故选D。2．C【详解】句意：大熊猫丫丫于2023年4月27日从田纳西州孟菲斯市抵达上海浦东国际机场。考查介词辨析。arrivein到达，后接大地点；arriveat到达，后接小地点。上海浦东国际机场是小地点，其前应用at。in后接年、月、季节等；at后接具体时刻；on后接具体某一天。April27th,2023指具体的一天，其前应加on。故选C。3．B【详解】句意：“五一”假期期间，昆明的街道上，蓝花楹在风中摆动，这也许就是昆明被称为春城的原因。考查名词辨析。value价值；reason原因；purpose目的；treasure财宝。根据“the…whyKunmingiscalledthecityofspring”可知，此处介绍昆明被称为春城的原因。故选B。4．C【详解】句意：众人拾柴火焰高。除非所有成员共同努力，否则将一事无成。考查连词辨析。if如果；until直到；unless除非；although尽管。分析句子可知，除非共同努力，否则什么也不会实现，故用unless引导条件状语从句。故选C。5．D【详解】句意：旗袍是中国最传统的服装之一。许多外国人也非常喜欢它。考查形容词最高级。oneofthe+形容词最高级+复数名词，表示“最……之一”。故选D。6．B【详解】句意：当我们待在农村时，我们可以亲近大自然，呼吸新鲜空气。考查动词短语。takeu开始从事；takein吸收；takeaway拿开；takeafter长得像。根据“wecanbeclosetonatureand…freshair.”可知此处指的是呼吸新鲜空气，应填takein。故选B。7．B【详解】句意：李老师在毕业典礼上发表了多么精彩的演讲！它让每个同学都振奋，充满希望。考查感叹句。此句是感叹句，中心词是speech，可数名词单数，用What引导感叹句，句型为“Whata/anadj可数名词单数+主谓”。故选B。8．A【详解】句意：——你最喜欢哪首中国古诗？——我喜欢王翰的《凉州词》这首诗。诗中说：“醉卧沙场君莫笑，古来征战几人回？”考查疑问词辨析。howmany多少；why为什么；which哪个；whose谁的。空后是soldiers是可数名词复数，此处用howmany提问数量，这句话表示“古来征战几人回”。故选A。9．C【详解】句意：——你介意我在这吸烟吗？——最好不要。如果你那样做，你会被罚款。考查非谓语动词。mindone’sdoingsth.“介意某人做某事”，smoking“吸烟”，动名词。故选C。10．D【详解】句意：他问我他们是否可以坐高铁去我的家乡。考查宾语从句。空格处是宾语从句，应为陈述语序，排除B、C选项。根据“asked”可知，主句是一般过去时，从句也应为过去时，排除A选项。故选D。11．C12．B13．A14．D15．A16．B17．C18．B19．A20．C【导语】本文讲述了凯茜喜欢捉螃蟹，一天夜里独自溜出去打算去海边捉螃蟹的经历。11．句意：每年夏天，凯茜都盼望着去安德罗斯岛度假。go去，动词原形；goes去，动词三单；going去，现在分词或动名词形式；gone去，过去分词。根据“lookedforwardto”可知，此处是短语lookforwardtodoingsth“盼望做某事”，故选C。12．句意：在那里，她会和祖母一起在玉米地里度过，和她的表兄弟们一起采摘海葡萄。so因此；and和；but但是；because因为。根据“spendtimewithhergrandmotherinthecornfields...pickingseagrapeswithhercousins.”可知，两者之间是并列关系，应用and连接，故选B。13．句意：她真正喜欢的一项活动是“捉螃蟹”。One一；Once一次；First首先；Firstly首先。空处修饰其后的名词“activity”，指的是“一个活动”，应用one修饰，故选A。14．句意：凯茜太想抓螃蟹了，一天晚上她爷爷奶奶睡着了，她就出去了。sleep睡觉，动词原形；slept睡觉，过去式；sleepy困的，形容词；asleep入睡。根据“fell”可知，此处是短语fallasleep“睡着”，故选D。15．句意：天空一片黑暗，海滩看起来与白天大不相同。dark黑暗的；light浅色的；brown棕色的；white白色的。根据“shewentoutonenightwhilehergrandparentsfell...Shetookherflashlightandrushedontothebeach.”可知，她是晚上出去的，天空是黑暗的，故选A。16．句意：真正让凯茜害怕的是，她在海滩上看不到任何人。true真的；truly真实地；truth事实；truthful讲真话的。空处修饰形容词，应用副词修饰，故选B。17．句意：她唯一能听到的声音是海浪的涨落声。A一个，不定冠词，修饰辅音音素开头的单词；An一个，不定冠词，修饰元音音素开头的单词；The定冠词，表示特指；/零冠词。根据“only”可知，此处指的是“唯一能听到的”，应用the修饰，故选C。18．句意：凯茜开始意识到晚上独自溜出去是个坏主意。atnoon在中午；atnight在夜里；inthemorning在早上；intheafternoon在下午。根据“shewentoutonenight”可知，夜晚去海边不是个好主意，故选B。19．句意：她决定尽快赶回家。fast快的；faster更快的；fastest最快的；thefastest最快的。根据“as...asshecould”可知，此处是“as+原级+as”的结构，故选A。20．句意：就在那时，一只巨大的黑蟹咬住了她的右脚。head头；nose鼻子；foot脚；throat喉咙。根据“ahugeblackcrabgotherright”及常识可知，螃蟹在地上爬，咬的是脚，故选C。21．F22．T23．T24．F25．F【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了雪林的重要性及雪林面临的危险。21．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“…thesewonderfulwoodlandsarenotasfamousasAmazon…”可知，雪林并不如亚马逊森林有名。故判断错误，故选F。22．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Wintersinthesewoodlandscanlastuptosixmonths…”可知，雪林地区的冬天能持续很长时间。故判断正确，故选T。23．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“…helpingtoabsorbcarbon-basedgases”可知，雪林能帮助吸收碳基气体。故判断正确，故选T。24．细节理解题。根据文章第三段，雪林面临的危险有：被砍伐和森林火灾，并没有提到干旱。故判断错误，故选F。25．主旨大意题。结合整篇文章来看，作者主要是讲雪林的重要性及雪林面临的危险，只有最后一段提到要保护雪林。故判断错误，故选F。26．D27．C28．B29．A30．D【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在45岁时失业了，但作者并没有因此而变得颓废，反而借此机会不断提升自己。26．细节理解题。根据“After22yearsofworkinginabank,Ilosemyjob.”可知作者在45岁时，失去了工作。故选D。27．细节理解题。根据“Fromthebeginning,Ididn’tseethismatterasbadluck,butasawelcomechance.”可知作者把这一变化当成一个机会。故选C。28．细节理解题。根据文章第三段，作者选择重返学校读书；根据第四段，作者回顾了过去的生活，摒弃了没完没了的、无意义的事，让生活的重心更清晰。故选B。29．细节理解题。根据“So,thelossofmyjobledtosomepositivechangesinmylife.”可知作者认为，失去工作给她的生活带来了一些积极的变化。故选A。30．最佳标题题。这篇文章主要讲的是作者45岁经历的一些变化。故选D。31．B32．A33．D34．C35．D【导语】本文主要介绍了中国最高军事荣誉“八一勋章”的获得者钱七虎对国防基础建设作出的杰出贡献。31．细节理解题。根据“China’stopdefenseengineeringexpertQianQihuwasawardedtheOrderofAugusttheFirstlastyearforwhathehaddonefornationaldefense.”可知钱七虎去年即2022年获得了“八一勋章”。故选B。32．细节理解题。根据“BorninOctober1937inKunshan,JiangsuProvince,Qianhasspentover60yearsstudyingprotectionengineering,helpingChinatobuildthe‘UndergroundGreatWall’.”可知钱七虎花费了60多年的时间从事防护工程研究。故选A。33．细节理解题。根据“Ifthegroundbuildingsareintrouble,theunderground‘cities’canhidepeopleandstorethebasicthingsneededforlife.”可知地下城市能够保护人民和生活所需的基本物品。故选D。34．细节理解题。根据“QianhasplayedanimportantroleinmanynationalprojectssuchastheNanjingYangtzeRiverTunnel,theHongKong-Zhuhai-MacaoBridge,andtheSouh-to-NorthWaterTransferProjcct.”可知作者通过列举事实来支持自己的观点。故选C。35．推理判断题。根据“BorninOctober1937inKunshan,JiangsuProvince,Qianhasspentover60yearsstudyingprotectionengineering,helpingChinatobuildthe‘UndergroundGreatWall’.”可知花费60多年从事防护工程研究，他是刻苦工作的，再由“Hegaveawayallthemoneyawardedtohelppoorchildrengeteducation,whichwas8millionyuanintotal.However,Qianhimselflivesasimplelifeallthetime.”可知把奖金捐出去而自己过着朴素的生活，由此可知是个善良的人。故选D。36．D37．A38．B39．A40．D【导语】本文主要介绍了微生物在太空中的应用。36．细节理解题。根据“Inthisexperiment,threespeciesofbacteriaweretestedontheirabilitytopullrareearthelements(REEs)outofrocksinthreetypesofgravity—normalEarthgravity,Marsgravityandmicrogravity.”可知微生物可以帮助从岩石中提取资源。故选D。37．细节理解题。根据“Thismethodofusingmicrobestopullout‘biomining’.”可知生物采矿是基于微生物的使用。故选A。38．推理判断题。根据“Inthisexperiment,threespeciesofbacteriaweretestedontheirabilitytopullrareearthelements(REEs)outofrocksinthreetypesofgravity—normalEarthgravity,Marsgravityandmicrogravity.”可知在这项实验中，研究人员测试了三种细菌在三种重力下(正常地球重力、火星重力和微重力)从岩石中提取稀土元素的能力，由此推出实验的目的是为了弄清楚细菌在不同重力下是如何工作的。故选B。39．细节理解题。根据“MictobeshelpusdolotsofthingshereonEarth.Theycanmakebreadriseandcureinfections,amongmanyotherthings.”可知微生物广泛应用于科学领域。故选A。40．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了微生物在太空中的应用，由此推出可能在报纸的科学板块读到。故选D。41．E42．G43．C44．A45．D【导语】本文介绍了发生地震时，如何保持安全的建议。41．根据“Doyouknowhowtokeepsafeinanearthquake?”可知，接下来介绍在地震中保持安全的建议，E项“这是给你的一些建议。”符合语境，故选E。42．根据“Whentheearthquakehappens,protectyourselffirst.”可知，地震发生时，首先要保护好自己，因此表示生命很重要，G项“生命是最重要的，因为有生命就有希望。”符合语境，故选G。43．根据“Ifyouareinashopandfarfromthedoor,don’trunoutside.”可知，如果你在商店里，远离门口，不要跑到外面