山东省济南市实验中学2024届高三最后一模英语试题含解析

山东省济南市实验中学2024届高三最后一模英语试题注意事项：1．答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。2．选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0．5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。3．请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。4．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．Shewasina________conditionafterthehearttransplantoperationwhenherbodyrejectedtheforeignorgan.A．skeptical B．critical C．theoretical D．practical2．Asateacher,youhaveto_____yourmethodtosuittheneedsofslowerchildren.A．display B．testC．adjust D．transfer3．______tosuccesscan’tdefeatus.Instead,theycanonlymakeusstronger.A．Attempts B．BarriersC．Contributions D．Access4．____upearlyinthemorningtohaveawalk,Iamsure,youarelikelytofeelactiveallday．A．Get B．Havinggot C．Getting D．Toget5．Oh！Icanfeelsomething_____upmyleg！Itmustbeaninsect．A．toclimb B．climbingC．climb D．climbed6．Uptillnow,therehasbeennoscientificevidenceabout________causedthedeathofdinosaurs.A．whatisitthat B．whatitwasthat C．itwaswhat D．whatisit7．Youcanchoosenottoforgive.________youcanalsochoosetoletitgo.A．Absolutely B．ConsequentlyC．Subsequently D．Alternatively8．—Joe,whataboutgoingtoBelgiumforourcomingholiday?—Sorry,honey,I_________onthenewlydiscovereddinosaursiteinArgentina．Thereareremainsofwhatisthoughttobethelargestcreatureevertowalktheearth.A．wasworking B．workC．willbeworking D．worked9．August8th，2008isaspecialday，________________，Ithink，thatwillberememberedbytheChineseforever.A．one B．whatC．which D．theone10．---DoyouthinkIshouldjointhesinginggroup,Mary?---______IfIwereinyourshoes,Icertainlywould.A．Noneofyourbusiness．B．Itdepends.C．Whynot?D．Idon’tthinkso.11．ThePartycouldhavestated______theirpolicywasonthismatter,butthevotersonlyreceivedaverydustyanswer.A．why B．when C．whether D．what12．Hegetsupatsixo’clock,runsforhalfanhourandthenhasameal;thatishismorning______.A．route B．routineC．behavior D．tendency13．Iliveinatown______runsasmallandwindingriver.A．throughwhichB．whichC．inwhichD．where14．Creatinganatmosphere______employeesfeelpartofateamisabigchallenge.A．where B．whoseC．that D．which15．---Howdidyouliketheconcertlastnight?---Ienjoyeditverymuch,butthedancers______abetterjob.A．couldhavedone B．couldn’thavedone C．coulddo D．haddone16．Itisnotsurprisingthatshewaselected______monitor;sheis______verysmartgirlwhohastheabilitytoorganizetheclasswell.A．/;the B．/;aC．a;a D．the;/17．Experienceisahardteacherbecauseshe________thetestfirst,thelessonafterwards.A．givesB．hasgivenC．wasgivingD．wouldgive18．TheyarrivedattheborderbetweenKenyaandTanzaniaat2pm,______liesanationalnaturereserve.A．whatB．whichC．whereD．when19．Mostofthemoneyforthereconstructionofthequake-strickentownhasbeenallocatedbythegovernment,therest______fromthecomingcharityconcerts.A．tobecollected B．havingbeencollectedC．beingcollected D．tohavebeencollected20．Aftermakingthespeech,hewentthroughitinhismindtoreflectwherehe_________better.A．coulddo B．woulddo C．couldhavedone D．wouldhavedone第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）Imaginewakinguponedayandfindingthatyourbeautifullocalbeachisnomore—gone,itsfinewhitesandsweptawaybyanabnormalstorm.Yougoaboutyourdailybusinessfor12longyearsandthensuddenlythebeachisback,allitsgloryrestoredbyanotherstorm.ThisiswhathappenedontheislandofAchill,offthecoastofIreland,wherepeoplearecelebratingthereturnofthebeautifulAshleamBaybeachthatwastakenfromthemin2005.Thatinitselfisunusualenough,butthestorygetsevenbetter!Yousee,anotherbeachinAchilldidadisappearingactonce,buttookmuchlongertoreturn.ThebeachatDoonagh,locatedonlysixmilesawayfromAshleamBay,wasrestoredearlierin2016afterwavescreatedbyspringstormshadsweptawayallthesandin1984,leavingjustrockpoolsbehind.ThereislocallegendthatstretchesbackhundredsofyearsthatsaysthisbeachatAshlcamBayreturnsforashorteverysevenyearsthendisappearsagain.Butthistimearoundittookabitlongerthanthat.Itwaslastseenin2005anditstayedforafewmonthsatthattimebeforeitwaswashedawayagain.Asyoucanimagine,everyoneontheislandofAchillisthrilledtohavetheirsandybeachback,andeventhoughnooneknowshowlongit’sgoingtobearoundfor,theyaremakingthemostofthetimethey’vegotbeforeitdisappearsagain.Somemaybequicktobelieveclimatechangescausethephenomenon,butthat’snotthereasonthesetwobeachesinAchillkeepdisappearing,DrKevinLynch,ageographeratNUTGalway,saysthattheseoccurrencesaretheresultofhydrodynamics(流体力学)andsediment(沉积物)supply,ratherthanclimatechanges.Regardlessofwhat’scausingthem,disappearingandreappearingbeachesarejustpartofwhatmakesnaturesofascinating.1、Whatispeople’sreactiontothereturnoftheAshleamBaybeach?A．Fulloffear.B．Quitedelighted.C．Verydisappointed.D．Extremelyconfused.2、WhatcanwelearnaboutthebeachatDoonagh?A．ItisnotlocatedinIreland.B．Itdisappeared12yearsago.C．Itoncedisappearedformorethan30years.D．Itisjustmadeupofrocksandpools.3、Accordingtothelocallegend,whenshouldtheAshleamBaybeachhavecomeback?A．In1982.B．In2012.C．In2016.D．In2018.4、WhatdoesDrKevinLynchthinkofthephenomenon?A．Someabnormalstormsleadtoocean’senlargement,B．Itishardtouncoverthemysteryofbeach’sdisappearing.C．Climatechangescanresultinbeachesdisappearingcompletely.D．Hydrodynamicsandsedimentsupplycausetwobeachestodisappear.22．（8分）Mendon'tgothroughpregnancyorchildbirth.Theirhormone(荷尔蒙)levelsdon'tnosedive.Whatexactlyhavetheygottobedepressedabout?Quitealot,accordingtoresearchfromSwedenshowingthat,overthepast10years,asignificantnumberofmenhavestruggledwiththetransition(过渡)tofatherhood.Thislatestresearchtriestoquantifyjusthowmanymengetpostnatal(产后)depression.Previousstudieshavefoundbetween4%and10%ofmen.while,inthissmallishsampleof447Swedishfatherswhovolunteered(andmaythereforenotrepresentyouraveragedad),asurprising28%ofmenhadsymptomsthatscoredabovemildlevelsofdepression.Overall,4%hadmoderatedepression.Fewerthanoneinfivefatherswhoweredepressedsoughthelp,eventhoughathirdofthosehadthoughtaboutharmingthemselves.WhilewomenintheUKareoftenaskedaseriesofquestionsthatscreenforpostnataldepression(whichaffectsupto13%ofwomen),thementalhealthoffathersisrarelyassessed.TheleadauthoroftheSwedishpaper,ElisaPsouni,fromthedepartmentofpsychologyatLundUniversity,saystheEdinburghPostnatalDepressionScale(EPDS)usedforbothwomenandmenisnotsoaccurateinpickingupdepressioninfathers.Herresearchshowedhigherlevelsofdepressionindadsbecauseitaddedinascoremorereflectiveof"male"symptomsofdepressionsuchasagitation,anger,irritability(易怒),workinglongerhoursanddrinkingtoomuch.Depressioninfathersmayberisingnotjustbecauseresearchersarelookingforit,butbecausemorenewdadsarestruggling.Psounibelievesfathersincreasinglyfacethesamedilemmasthatmothersdo-includingtryingtocombineparenthoodwithworkingFatherswhogotdepressedoftenhadexternalpressures,suchasjobissues,andiftheirpartnerwasdepressed,theirownriskofdepressiondoubled.Lackofsleep,havingtwinsandconflictintherelationshipcanallcontribute.Adepresseddadwillplayandsmilelesswithhischild.Childrenaredeeplyaffectedbypaternalpostnataldepressionwithstudiesshowingpoorermeasuresofwellbeingandmorebehavioralproblemsattheageofseven.Fatherswhosensetheymaybestrugglingandpartners,relativesorfriendswhonoticeanincreaseinimitabilityandanxietyinamaninthefirstyearofparenthood(paternaldepressionismoredispersedthroughoutthefirst12months)shouldconsiderthepossibilityofpaternalpostnataldepression.Cognitivebehavioraltherapy(认知行为疗法)canhelp,ascanantidepressants.Ifthedepressionisnotrecognised,saysPsouni,"oneofmostterriblethingsisthatyoucatchupwithyourselfayearlaterandrealiseyouhavebeenreallydownandstruggling-andthefirstyearofyourchild'slifehasgone.”1、WhatisrevealedaboutmenaccordingtoaSwedenresearch?A．Theyexperienceasharpdeclineinhormone.B．Manyofthemsufferfrompostnataldepression.C．TheyseldomgothroughpregnancyorchildbirthD．Manyofthemqualifyforthetransitiontofatherhood.2、WhatdothestatisticsinParagraph2indicate?A．TheresearchersshouldinvitemoreSwedishfathers.B．OverhalfofSwedishfatherstendtoharmthemselves.C．Thementalhealthoffathersdeservesmoreattention.D．PostnataldepressionaffectsBritishwomenmoreeasily.3、WhydidPsouni'sresearchshowhigherlevelsofdepressionindads?A．Researchersuseanewmeasureformalesymptomofdepression.B．ResearchersadoptEPDStoaccuratelypickupdepressionindads.C．Fathershavetroubleincopingwithinternalandexternalpressures.D．Fathersareoftenfacedwiththedoubledriskofpartnerdepression.4、Whatmayhappentoafatherwithpaternaldepression?A．Hemaydevelopterriblebehavioralhabits.B．Hemayavoidbeingrecognizedwithdepression.C．Hemaydeclinecognitivebehavioraltherapy.D．Hemaymissthechanceofgivingproperchildcare.23．（8分）Ifyouhavealongholidaytospend,wherecanyougo?NikoiIsland,IndonesiaLessthan85km–butsomehowawholeworldaway–fromSingapore’sshiningskylineliesNikoiIsland.Surroundedbywhitesandyshorelinesandvividcoralreefs,Nikoi’scentreishiddeninrainforest,resultinginamazingbiodiversityseeninitsnativeplants,animalsandbirdlife.MarryingtraditionalIndonesiancraftsmanshipwithcontemporarydesign,Nikoiboastsjust15stilted（建于支柱上的）beachhouses,allwithbreathtakingseaviews,guaranteeingprivacyandtotalescapefromthedailygrind.Amanpulo,PhilippinesTheonlypropertyonPamalicanIsland,theluxuriousAmanpuloresortoffersextremelyimpressiveaccommodation,withonlyaccesstooverfivekilometresofcleancoralsandbeach.DesignedtoresembleindigenousBahayKubohomes,Amanpulo’sbeachside,treetopandhillsidevillasallfeaturecomfortabledeckswithhammocks（吊床）fromwhichtoenjoythespectacularviewsofthegreenish-blueseabelow.FillyourschedulewithAmanpulo’ssignatureaquaticadventures(includingdiving,windsurfingandsailing),rechargeintheaward-winningspaorfeastuponlocallycaughtseafood–thechoiceisyours.SongSaa,CambodiaSongSaa’sincredibleoceanviews,andbreathtakingsunsetsareaverytypicalexampleofpureparadise.Its24villas–eachwiththeirownsea-viewprivateplungepool–aredesignedtoreflectthenaturalbeautyofCambodia’scoastline;builtfromrecycledwoodwithstrawroofsanddriftwoodfurnishings,thesepresencesarestylishproofofSongSaa’sadmirablecommitmenttosustainability（持续）andconservation.Youcanchoosetodoasmuchoraslittleasyouwanthere,withrainforesttours,islandsafarisandreefsnorkellingjustsomeoftheactivitiesonofferthatshowcasethisspectaculardestination.1、WhatcanweseeinthecenterofNikoi’sIsland?A．Landsofdesert.B．Streamsandrivers.C．Kindsofanimalsandplants.D．Tallbuildings.2、WhatcanwelearnabouttheAmanpulo’svillas?A．Theyaremadeofbricks.B．Wecanhaveagoodviewoftheseathere.C．Theyareveryexpensive.D．Wecanlearnmuchhistoricstoriesfromthem.3、WhatactivitycanyouenjoyinSongSaa?A．Diving.B．Whiterafting.C．Mountain-climbing.D．Rainforesttour.24．（8分）On14September2015,theuniverse’sgravitationalwavesobservedfortheveryfirsttime.Thewaves,whichwerepredictedbyAlbertEinsteinahundredyearsago,camefromacollisionbetweentwoblackholes.Ittook1.3billionyearsforthewavestoarriveattheLIGOdetectorintheUSA．ThesignalwasextremelyweakwhenitreachedEarth,butisalreadypromisingarevolutioninastrophysics.Gravitationalwavesareanentirelynewwayofobservingthemostviolenteventsinspaceandtestingthelimitsofourknowledge.LIGO,theLasterInterferometerGravitational-WaveObservatory,isacollaborativeprojectwithoveronethousandresearchersfrommorethantwentycountries.Together,theyhaverealizedavisionthatisalmostfiftyyearsold.The2017Nobelwinnershave,withtheirenthusiasmanddetermination,eachbeeninvaluabletothesuccessofLIGO.PioneersRainerWeissandKipS.Thorne,togetherwithBarryC．Barish,thescientistandleaderwhobroughttheprojecttocompletion,ensuredthatfourdecadesofeffortledtogravitationalwavesfinallybeingobserved.Inthemid-1970s,RainerWeisshadalreadyanalysedpossiblesourcesofbackgroundnoisethatwoulddisturbmeasurements,andhadalsodesignedadetector,alaser-basedinterferometer,whichwouldovercomethisnoise.Earlyon,bothKipThorneandRainerWeisswerefirmlyconvincedthatgravitationalwavescouldbedetectedandbringaboutarevolutioninourknowledgeoftheuniverse.Gravitationalwavesspreadatthespeedoflight,fillingtheuniverse,asAlbertEinsteindescribedinhisgeneraltheoryofrelativity.Theyarealwayscreatedwhenamassaccelerates,likewhenaice-skaterpirouettesorapairofblackholesrevolvearoundeachother.Einsteinwasconvinceditwouldneverbepossibletomeasurethem.TheLIGOproject’sachievementwasusingapairofgiganticlaserinterferometerstomeasureachangethousandsoftimessmallerthananatomicnucleus,asthegravitationalwavepassedtheEarth.Sofarallsortsofelectromagneticradiationandparticles,suchascosmicraysorneutrinos,havebeenusedtoexploretheuniverse.However,gravitationalwavesaredirecttestimony(However,gravitationalwavesaredirecttestimony(证词)todisruptionsinspacetimeitself.Thisissomethingcompletelynewanddifferent,openingupunseenworlds.Awealthofdiscoveriesawaitsthosewhosucceedincapturingthewavesandinterpretingtheirmessage.1、Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstthreeparagraphs?A．AlbertEinsteinobservedgravitationalwavesahundredyearsagoB．ThecaptureofgravitationalwaveswillopenanewearinastrophysicsC．TherewasnowayofobservingthespaceeventsyearsagoD．Morethan20countrieshaveLIGOdetectors2、Whycouldgravitationalwavesbesuccessfullyobserved?A．BecausethescientiststotallytrustEinstein’sgeneraltheoryofrelativityB．BecausetheycanbeeasilydetectedastheyfilltheuniverseC．BecausescientistslikeBarryC．BarishworkedhardonthisforlongD．Becausehugechangeappearedasthewavespassedtheearth3、Whatdoestheunderlinedwordpirouettesprobablymean?A．runatahighspeedB．slidefastC．fallsviolentlyD．turninacircularway4、Whatwouldthebesttitleofthepassage?A．GravitationalwavesfinallycapturedB．ThreepioneersinastrophysicsC．OpeningupunseenworldD．Nopain,nogain25．（10分）Imagineyouenteracarwithnosteeringwheel,nobrakeoracceleratorpedals(踏板).Underavoice-activatedcommand,yousayanaddress.“Thefastestroutewilltakeus15.3minutes.ShouldItakeit?”Yousay“yes”andyouareonyourway.Thecarrespondsandstartsmovingallbyitself.Allyouhavetodoistositbackandrelax.Howstrangewoulditbeif,onedayinthefuture,everyonehadsuchacar?Nocrazydriving,noquarrels,nocuttingin;trafficlawswouldberespectedanddrivingmuchsafer.Ontheotherhand,imaginethecostsavingsforlocalpoliceenforcement(强制执行)andtownbudgetswithoutallthosespeedingandparkingtickets.Anewtechnologyhasthepotentialtochangemodernsocietythoroughly.There’snoquestionthatself-drivingvehiclescouldbeanenormousbenefit.Thepotentialforsafercarsmeansaccidentstatisticswoulddrop:some94%ofroadaccidentsintheU.S.involvehumanerror.Olderdriversandvisually-orphysically-disabledpeoplewouldgainanewleveloffreedom.Maintainingsafespeedsandbeingelectric,self-drivingcarswouldsharplyreducepollutionlevelsanddependencyonnon-renewablefuels.Roadswouldbequieter,peoplesafer.Butwemustalsoconsidertheimpactofthenewtechnologyonthosewhonowdependondrivingfortheirliving.AccordingtotheU.S.DepartmentofLabor,inMay2015therewere505,560registeredschoolbusdrivers.TheAmericanTruckingAssociationlistsapproximately3.5millionprofessionaltruckdriversintheU.S.Thecompaniesdevelopingself-drivingvehiclesshouldbepartneringwithstateandfederalauthoritiestoofferretrainingforthismassiveworkforce,manyofwhomwillbedisplacedbythenewtechnology.Newtechnologieswill,andshould,bedeveloped.Thisishowsocietymovesforward.However,progresscan’tbeone-sided.Itisnecessaryforthecompaniesandstateagenciesinvolvedtoconsiderthemoralconsequencesofthesepotentialchangestobuildabetterfutureforall.1、Whatwouldbetheeffectofthewideuseofdriverlesscars?A．Morepolicemenwouldinspectthestreets.B．Peoplewouldneverfeelangryaboutthetraffic.C．Itwouldsavelocalgovernmentsalotofmoney.D．Trafficregulationswouldbeathingofthepast.2、Howwouldtheelderlyandthedisabledbenefitfromdriverlesscars?A．Theywouldgetridofairpollution. B．Theycouldenjoygreatermobility.C．Theywouldsuffernoroadaccidents. D．Theycouldgoanywheretheywant.3、Whatwouldbethenegativeeffectofdriverlesscars?A．Theconflictbetweenlaborandmanagementwouldsharpen.B．Manydriverswouldhavetofindnewwaysofearningaliving.C．Driverswouldhaveahardtimeadaptingtonewroadconditions.D．Thegapbetweenvariousdepartmentsofsocietywouldbewidened.4、Whatdoestheauthorsuggestbusinessesandthegovernmentdo?A．Enableeveryonetobenefitfromnewtechnologies.B．Keeppacewithtechnologicaldevelopments.C．Makenewtechnologiesaffordabletoeveryone.D．Popularizetheuseofnewtechnologiesanddevices.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（ABCD）中，选出可以填入空白的最佳答案，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。Preparingfortomorrow Sixth-gradeschoolteacherMs．Sheltonbelievedinreadiness．Studentsrememberedhowshewalkedinonthefirstdayofclassandbeganwritingwordsofeighth-gradeonthe36．Theyquicklyprotestedthatthewordswerenotontheir37andtheycouldn’tlearnthem． Theirteacherinsistedthatthestudentscouldandwouldlearnthese38．Shesaidthatshewouldteachthemsomethingthatshouldbegiven．Ms．Shelton39bysayingthatoneofthestudentsintheclassroomcouldgoonto40,maybeevenbepresidentsomeday,andshewantedtopreparethemforthatday． Ms．Sheltonspokethosewordsmanyyearsago．41didsheknowthatsomedayoneofherstudents—JesseJackson—wouldtakethem42．Shebelievedthatiftheywerewellprepared,theycould43highgoals． RalphWaldoEmersononcesaid,“Peopleonlyseewhattheyare44tosee．”Ifthat’strue,thenitisalso45thattheyonlybecomewhattheyarepreparedtobecome．Andmanythingsinlifearejustaboutgettingready． “Iwanttobedoingsomethingmore46withmylifethanwhatIamdoingnow,”ayoungmanoncesaidtome．He47whathewasdoingwasjustnotthatimportant．Otherpeoplehavesaidthingstomesuchas,“Ionly48Ihadameaningfulrelationship．”And,“I’dreallyliketogetabetterjob,butIjustdon’tsee49．” Youfillintheblanks．Whatisityouwouldliketo50thatisn’thappening?Perhapstheansweristhatyouarenotyet51．Maybeyouneedmoretimetopreparebeforeyouaretrulyreadyforthatwhichyou52． Thinkoftodayasanotherchanceto53yourselffortheexcitingfutureyouarelookingfor．Todayisnotwasted．Ifyoudesiremorefrom54,thenyoucanusetodayastraining．Foryouwillexperienceonlywhatyouarepreparedto55．Somethingwonderfulcanhappen．Andyoucanusetodaytogetreadyfortomorrow．1、A．desk B．wall C．chalkboard D．door2、A．duty B．desk C．mind D．level3、A．words B．grammars C．pronunciations D．sentences4、A．started B．ended C．warned D．reminded5、A．greatness B．wealth C．honor D．failure6、A．Seldom B．Little C．Hardly D．Totally7、A．nervously B．eagerly C．seriously D．simply8、A．keep B．have C．set D．achieve9、A．prepared B．forced C．attracted D．tempted10、A．proper B．exact C．legal D．true11、A．difficult B．significant C．pleasant D．interesting12、A．boasted B．behaved C．felt D.looked13、A．wish B．expect C．hope D．imagine14、A．what B．when C．why D．how15、A．survive B．happen C．gain D．win16、A．adventurous B．active C．ready D．intelligent17、A．concern B．arrange C．adore D．desire18、A．prepare B．enjoy C．imagine D．conduct19、A．history B．nature C．life D．marriage20、A．suffer B．experience C．struggle D．work第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）CameronNelsonwalkedintoafast-foodrestaurantforlunchand1．（amaze）atthestateoftheworkerhesawbehindthecounter.Theteenager,2．namewasHakeemTyler,waswearinganecksupportandhadhisarminabandage,3．hewasdutifullyservingcustomersatthecheckoutcounter.Outof4．（curious）,Nelsonaskedtheteenagerwhathadhappened.“Iwasinjuredinacaraccident.YouseemeworkingherebecauseIneedthemoneytofeed5．homelessinthecommunityandjusttopaybillslikeayoungteendoes.Ialwayshaveitinmyheart6．（give）backtopeople.”saidtheteenager.7．（impress）withtheyoungman'skindnessandneed,Nelsontookaphotooftheyoungmanandshareditonline.HeevenstartedGoFundMeforTyler.“Foranyone,toworkinthoseconditionsis8．（admire）,butit'samazingforsomeoneinhisgenerationtohavesympathyforothers.”Nelsonsaid.Inadditionto9．（donate）moneytotheaccountfortheteen,manypeoplesaidthattheywouldliketoseehimin