河南省百校联盟2024届高考仿真卷英语试卷含解析

河南省百校联盟2024届高考仿真卷英语试卷注意事项1．考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回．2．答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用0．5毫米黑色墨水的签字笔填写在试卷及答题卡的规定位置．3．请认真核对监考员在答题卡上所粘贴的条形码上的姓名、准考证号与本人是否相符．4．作答选择题，必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应选项的方框涂满、涂黑；如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案．作答非选择题，必须用05毫米黑色墨水的签字笔在答题卡上的指定位置作答，在其他位置作答一律无效．5．如需作图，须用2B铅笔绘、写清楚，线条、符号等须加黑、加粗．第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．________hasgreaterpotentialthanflammableicebeingminedfromunderneaththeSouthChinaSeawhenitcomestoaglobalenergyrevolution.A．nothing B．neitherC．noone D．none2．—Thefilmis,Ihavetosay,notabitinteresting.—Why?It’s________thanthefilmsIhaveeverseen.A．farmoreinteresting B．muchlessinterestingC．nomoreinteresting D．anylessinteresting3．Believeitornot,itis________________thatcausesyourillness.A．becauseofyourbeingoverweight B．becauseyouareoverweightC．youaresooverweight D．yourbeingoverweight4．Shesatonthetopofthestairs_____herheadonhercrossedarmsandcried.A．for B．when C．with D．while5．—________!Somebodyhasbrokenthevase!—Don’tlookatme.A．Comeon B．Hi,thereC．Thankgoodness D．Dearme6．Membershipofthisclubisopentothosewhoareitsaim.A．insalutetoB．inhonourofC．inlinewithD．insympathywith7．Ihavetorescheduletheappointmentwithyousincethereisa______inmyarrangement.A．contract B．contrast C．connection D．conflict8．______caughtintherainunexpectedly,westillenjoyedthejourneyverymuch.A．When B．AsC．Unless D．Although9．Thegovernmenthasbeenundergrowingpressureto______thecausesofairpollutionassmogfrequentlysmothersthecountry’slargecities.A．release B．scheduleC．maintain D．address10．It's________mewhyAlicegaveupherjobandgotmarried.A．under B．above C．over D．beyond11．Itiswellknown_____ConfuciuswasborninthecityofQufuinShandongprovince,China.A．whether B．whereC．that D．what12．Whatanunforgettableexperience!I'llwriteitdown__________itisstillfreshinmymemory.A．since B．while C．after D．until13．---Ihearyou’llcancelallyourplansandappointments.Why?---They_____mylife.Ijustcan’tstop.A．control B．controlledC．havecontrolled D．havebeencontrolling14．Thegovernmentspokesmanhasto________hiswordsbeforerespondingtoreporters.A．pass B．weigh C．cover D．express15．Thedisaster-strickenvillagewasinaccessible___________byhelicopter,andthestormaddedtotherescuers’difficulty.A．insteadof B．otherthan C．ratherthan D．regardlessof16．Ifthesenewmeasuresdon’twork,we’llhaveto_______ouroldsystem.A．makeupforB．comeupwithC．breakawayfromD．fallbackon17．—YourcarshouldbereadynextTuesday．—Wewere________hopingyou'dbeabletodoitbythisFriday．A．still B．rather C．always D．even18．.Thestudyofnaturalhistoryisnotsomethingtobelefttobiologists.Infact,theircapacity_____thetimetheycanspendawayfromtheirofficesisverylimited.A．intermsof B．insearchofC．inviewof D．inspiteof19．Theroomissoclean.He________havecleanedityesterdayevening.A．will B．needC．can D．must20．HewasgreatlyshockedatDonaldTrump’stakingoffice.Neverdidheexpectthatthevoters_______besounreasonable.A．shouldB．couldC．wouldD．might第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）Expertssaythatiffoodwereacountry,itwouldranksecondbehindtheUSasoneofthebiggestgreenhousegaspolluters.Thereasonistherisingdemandformeat.Animalfarmingisresponsiblefor14.5percentofglobalgreenhousegasmethane(甲烷)emissions(排放).Whilecowsaretheworsecontributors,pigs,sheep,donkeysandotheranimalsplayapartaswell.Animalagriculturealsocauseslandtobecomedamaged,watertobepollutedandforeststogetdestroyed.Withtheworldpopulationforecasttoriseto9.8billionby2050,thingsareonlylookingworseforouralreadydecreasingnaturalresources,Whilegoingvegetarian(素食的)wouldhelpmeatconsumptiontoodeep-rootedinmostwesterndietstoallowforsuchasharp,permanentchange.Thatiswhyexpertsareadvocatingsubstitutingsomeofthebeef,chicken,orporkwithordinaryinsects！Insects,whichgrowintoadultswithinamatterofmonths,ifnotweeks,arereadyforconsumptionmuchfasterthandomestic(驯养的)animals.Theyalsorequiremuchlessroom，uselesswaterandfood,andproducefarlessgreenhousegasthananimalsOfthe1.1millioninsectspeciesworldwide,scientistshaveidentified1.700aseatable.Amongthemareants,grasshoppers,grubs,andearthworms.Justlikeanimals,eachinsecthasadifferenttaste.Treewormstastejustlikepork,andgrubsaresimilartosmokedmeatWhileeatinginsectsmightbeanewconceptforWesternpeople,over2billionpeopleworldwideconsumeinsectsasaregularpartoftheirdiet.Besidesbeingdelicious,insectsarehighinprotein,haveveryfewcalories,andarefreeofthesaturated(饱和)atfoundinanimalmeat.Insectscanbepreparedinmanyways.Creativecookscanusethemtocookprotein-richsoupmakebakedtreats,andevenfryafewwithvegetables.Soeatinsects-bothyourbodyandMotherEarthwillthankyouforit！1、Whichofthefollowinganimalsareresponsibleforthemostglobalmethaneemissions?A．Cows B．Pigs C．Sheep D．Donkeys2、Howisthethirdparagraphmainlydeveloped？A．Byaskingquestions B．Byprovidingexamples.C．Bylistingthenumbers D．Bymakingcomparisons.3、Whatdotreewormstastelike?A．Pigmeat B．Tomatosoup. C．Freshvegetables. D．Friedchicken.4、Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A．Fewpeopleeatinsectsregularly. B．Ordinaryinsectsarehighinfat.C．Saturatedfatisharmfultohealth. D．Insectscontainvariousvitamins22．（8分）Wehumansspendaboutone-thirdoflifeasleep.Sleephelpsusstayhealthy,anditalsohelpsourbrainremember.Ourbrainsneedgoodsleeptorememberwhatwedoandlearnduringtheothertwothirdsofourlifewhenweareawake.Besideskeepingushealthy,somenewresearchshowsthatagoodnight’ssleephelpsmakeusmoreintelligent.ResearcherattheUniversityofWisconsin-Madisonhavefoundthatsleephelpsimprovebrainperformancebyshrinkingsynapsesinthebrain.Asynapseistheareawherecellspassmessagestoothercells.Cirelliisaleadingscientistattheschool’sCenterforSleepandConsciousness.Shefoundthatsleepiswhenthehumanbrainmixesinformationithaslearnedwhileawakeintoitsgeneralcollectionofknowledge.However,thebrainforgetsunimportantdetails.Thisforgettingisimportant.Itmakesspacefornewlearningandnewmemories.CirellisaidthattheCenter’sresearchbeganwiththishypothesis:Wesleepsothatourbraincanrepairandrefreshitself.Shesaidtheideaseemssimpleandreasonable.However,testinganddiscoveringhowitworkshasbeenextremelydifficult.CirelliandCenterdirectorGiulioTononihavebeentryingtoprovetheconnectionbetweensleepandthebrain’ssynapsessince2003.Cirellisaidtheresearchersknewthat“strongersynapsesarealsobigger.”So,theybegantheirstudyby“measuringthesizeofthesynapses”inthebrain.Theyalsoknewthatduringsleep,thebrainchecksonallitssynapsesandresetsitselfforthenextday.Theteamwantedtoseeifthesynapsesofthebrainarebiggerafterbeingawakealldayandsmallerafteragoodnight’ssleep.Synapsesareonlyabout20-40nanometerswide.So,theteamlookedforchangesinthesealreadytinyspacesbetweennervecells.Theteamhadlowailuntilimprovementsinlaboratorytechnologymadeitpossibletoseethesetinychanges.Cirellisaystheyfoundthatsynapsesizeandstrengthareupsetbybeingawakeandrestoredbysleeping.Shesaysoursynapsesshrinkasourbrainscleanthemselvesduringsleep.Wewakeuprefreshedandreadytofillthosesynapseswithnewinformation.1、Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?A．Sleepcanonlykeepushealthy.B．Sleepcanhelpourbrainfunctionbetter.C．Sleepcanmixalltheinformation.D．Sleepcantakeuptwo-thirdsofourlife.2、WhatdoesitrefertoinParagraph4?A．Themeasuringthesizeofthesynapses.B．Thespacefornewlearningandnewmemories.C．Thewayourbraincanrepairandrefreshitself.D．Theconnectionbetweensleepandthebrain’ssynapses.23．（8分）Theworld’srichestmanmightseemtohaveitall,butBillGateshasoneregret.Theself-madebillionairesaidhefeltstupidfornotknowinganyforeignlanguages.SpeakinginhisthirdAskMeAnythingquestion-and-answersessionforonlineforumReddit(红迪网),theMicrosoftfoundersaidthathewishedhespokeFrench,ArabicorChinese.Hesaid:“ItookLatinandGreekinhighschoolandgotA’sandIguessithelpsmyvocabulary.Ikeephopingtogettimetostudyoneofthese—probablyFrenchbecauseitistheeasiest.IdidDuolingoforawhilebutdidn’tkeepitup.”Gates,whoisworth$79.3billion,praisedFacebookfounderMarkZuckerbergforsurprisinganaudienceinBeijingwhenhespokefluentChinese.“MarkZuckerbergamazinglylearnedChineseanddidaQ&AwithChinesestudents—unbelievable,isn’tit?”hesaidThisisn’tthefirsttimeforGatestoadmithisregretoverlanguage.Healsoshowedhishabitsathomeandpersonalinsights.LastFebruary,Gatessaidhelikestodothedisheshimself—tohisownspecialstandardseverynightandalsotoldtheinterviewerthathiswife,Melinda,wouldlikelywantSamuelL.Jacksontoplayherhusbandinabiopic(传记片).Healsoadmittedthathewouldpickupa$100billifhefounditonthestreet.AshetookthetopspotonForbes(福布斯)28thAnnualBillionaireslistlastyearforthefourthtime,hesaidheisprettybasicwhenitcomestospendingonclothesandfood,butthatheenjoysinvestinginshoesandracquets(球拍)whenheplaystennis.Whenaskedalifelessonhehadtolearnthehardway,thebillionairesaidstayinguptoolateisahabitheisstilltryingtobreak.“Don’tstayuptoolateevenifthebookisreallyexciting.Youwillregretitinthemorning.Pamstillworkingonthisproblem.”hesaid.1、Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．AnInterviewwithBillGates B．HowBillGatesSucceededC．BillGates’Regret D．TheRichestBillionaire2、TheunderlinedpartinParagraph8mayactuallymeanthat_____.A．itisimportanttolayagoodfoundationoflifeB．foodandclothingarebasicneedsforpeople’slifeC．hedoesn’tspendmuchmoneyonfoodandclothesD．henevercaresaboutbuyingfoodandclothing3、WhatadvicedidBillGatesgive?A．Avoidstayinguptoolate.B．Beagoodlanguagelearner.C．Dothedishesyourselfathome.D．Pickupthe$100billsinthestreets.4、Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A．BillGatesisalsothefounderofFacebook.B．BillGatestoppedthelistofForbes28times.C．BillGateswasgoodatlearninglanguagesinhighschoo1.D．BillGates’wifewantsSamueltoplayagamewithGates.24．（8分）Chinesescientistsrecentlyhaveproducedtwomonkeyswiththesamegene,ZhongZhongandHuaHua,usingthesametechniquethatgaveusDollythesheep.Thesemonkeysarenotactuallythefirstprimates（灵长类）tobecloned.AnotheronenamedTetrawasproducedinthelate1990sbyembryo（胚胎）splitting,thedivisionofanearly-stageembryointotwoorfourseparatecellstomakeclones.Bycontrast,theywereeachmadebyreplacinganeggcellnucleus（原子核）withDNAfromadifferentiatedbodycell.ThisDollymethod,knownassomaticcellnucleartransfer（SCNT）,cancreatemoreclonesandallowsresearchersgreatercontrolovertheeditstheymaketotheDNA．Successcamefromadoptingseveralnewtechniques.Theseincludedanewtypeofmicroscopytobetterviewthecellsduringhandlingorusingseveralmaterialsthatencouragecellreprogramming,whichhadn’tbeentriedbeforeonprimates.Still,theresearchprocessproveddifficult,andmanyattemptsbytheteamfailed.Justtwohealthybabymonkeysbornfrommorethan60testedmothers.Thisleadstomanyresearchers’pouringwaterontheideathattheteam’sresultsbringscientistsclosertocloninghumans.Theythoughtthisworkisnotasteppingstonetoestablishingmethodsforobtaininglivebornhumanclones.Instead,thisclearlyremainsaveryfoolishthingtoattempt,itwouldbefartooinefficient,fartoounsafe,anditisalsopointless.Butthescientistsinvolvedemphasizethatthisisnottheirgoal.Thereisnownobarrierforcloningprimatespecies,thuscloninghumansisclosertoreality.However,theirresearchpurposeisentirelyforproducingnon-humanprimatemodelsforhumandiseases;theyabsolutelyhavenointention,andsocietywillnotpermitthisworktobeextendedtohumans.Despitelimitations,theytreatthisbreakthroughanovelmodelsystemforscientistsstudyinghumanbiologyanddisease.1、WhatdoweknowaboutthetechnologycalledSCNT?A．Itcreatedthefirsttwoprimates.B．ItmaycontributetoeditingtheDNA．C．Itcandivideanearly-stageembryointoseveralcells.D．Itproducedtwoclonedmonkeyswithdifferentgenes.2、Whatdoestheauthormeanby“pouringwaterontheidea”inparagraph2?A．Keepingahottopicofit.B．Attachingnoimportancetoit.C．Havingalowopinionofit.D．Addingsupportiveevidencetoit.3、Whatisthescientists’purposetoclonethesemonkeys?A．Topreparefortheirresearchonhumancloning.B．Toserveasasteppingstonetotheirreputation.C．Tohelpwiththestudyofhumandiseases.D．Toraisemoneyforholdinganexhibitionofnovels.4、Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A．Cloninghumansisalreadyonitsway.B．Newtechniquesseemtobepointless.C．Societywon’tagreetocloneanothermonkey.D．Thesuccessrateofcloningamonkeywasnothigh.25．（10分）After21yearsofmarriage,mywifewomanouttotakeanotherwomanouttodinnerandamovie.Theotherwomanwasmymother,whohasbeenawidow(寡妇)for19years.Hpwever,thedemamdsofmyworkandmythreechildrenhadmadeitpossibletovisitheronlyocasionally.ThatFridayafterwork,wnenIarrivedatherhouse,mymotherwaswaitinginthedoorwithhercoaton.Shehadcurledherhairandwaswearingthedressthatshehadworntocelebrateherlastweddinganniversary.Wewenttoarestaurantthat,althoughnotelegant,wasveryniceandcomfortable.Mymothertookmyarmasifshewere!heFirstLady.Duringthedinner,wehadanagreeableconversationaboutnothingextraordinarybutjustcaughtuponrecentevents.Wetalkedsomuchthatwemissedthemovie.Aswearrivedatherhouselater,shesaid:“I'llgooutwithyouagain,butonlyifyouletmeinviteyou.”Iagreed.Afewdayslater,mymotherdiedofaseriousheartattack.IthappenedsosuddenlythatIdidn’thaveachancetodoanythingforher.Sometimelater,Ireceivedanenvelopewithacopyofarestaurantreceipt(收据）fromthesameplacemotherandIhaddined.Anattachednotesaid:**Ipaidthisbillinadvance.Iwasn’tsurethatIcouldbethere;still,Ipaidfortwoplates—oneforyouandtheotherforyourwife.Youwillneverknowwhatthatnightmeantforme.Iloveyou.Son.”Atmatmoment,Iunderstoodtheimportanceofsaying:UIloveyou”andofgivingourlovedonesthetimetheydeserve.Nothinginlifeismoreimportantthanfamily.Givefamilymemberstheattentiontheydeserve,becausethesethingscannotbeputofftillsome“other’time.1、Theauthordescribesindetailhowhismotherlooked,inorderto.A．showreadershismother’scharacterB．stresshowimportantthedinnerwastohismotherC．createanatmosphereofhappinessD．emphasizetheimportanceoftablemanners2、Theauthorshouldbethankfulto.A．hismom.whopaidinadvanceforthenextdinnerB．God,whogavehimthechancetohavedinnerwithhismomC．hiswife,whopushedhimtohavewithhismomD．hischildren,whowereveryunderstandingandhelpful3、Wecaninferfromthestorythat.A．theauthor'smotherfeltsatisfiedtohavepaidthebillinadvanceB．theauthorandhismothertalkedaboutbigeventsduringtheirdinnerC．theauthorandhismothersawamovietogetheraftertheirdinnerD．theauthorconsidershisworkandfamilyagreatburden4、Whatdoestheauthorintendtotelluswiththisstory?A．Agoodheartissuretofindanothertomatchit.B．Weshouldseekforgoodopportunitiestoexpressourlove.C．Ifyouputsomethingoff,youwillregretitinthefuture.D．It'simportanttoexpressourlovetoourlovedonesintime.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）Iamapersonwhodoesn’tlikewaiting.Idon’tliketowaitinline,beingputonholdwhenmakingaphonecall,orarrivingatanapartmenttofindthatmycompanionwillbe1Andofcourse,Idon’tlikewaitingrooms.2,Irealizethatmyagony(痛苦)willnotbegoodforme,asan3crowdedworldcanonlymeanonething–morewaiting.4this,Ihavetakenanactionanddecidetoturnmyfrustrationtoproductiveends.Inshort,IamlookingforwhatIcall“waiting-in-line”5Thesearevolumesthatcontainmaterials6forbeingreadinshortenedwords,sothereisnoextendedstorylinetolosetrackof.Another7isthattheybe8enoughtoslipneatlyintomybackpocket.TheotherdayIwenttothesupermarket.9thattherainwouldkeepmostpeopleaway,Iwas10toseethattheplacewasfilledwith11Everycheckoutwasopen–andjammed!ButIcan12mypocketbookandgotowork.ThemoretheworlddemandsthatI13,themoreIlearnfrommywaitinglibrary.Lookatthefollowings:OneHundredThingsEveryAmericanShouldKnow;ThePoetryofRobertFrost;LivingThoughtsofLeadingThinkers;StillMoreToasts.Ihavelearnedinterestingandenrichingthingsandmuch14fromthesebooks.Onarecentvisittothegeneralstore,Iplacedmyorderatthe15alongwithsixorsevenpeople.Theoldfemaleemployeeseemedtohaveherhandsfullassherushed16“Youngman,justbe17,”shesaidtome.Noproblem.Iquietlyopenedmydictionaryprose(散文)andpoeticalquotations.Perhapstheothercustomers18measabookish,lonelysoul.But19didtheyrealizethatIwasenjoyingthe20ofShakespeare,Thoreau,HomerandBenJohnson.1、A．dismissed B．delayed C．disappeared D．delighted2、A．Furthermore B．However C．Despite D．Besides3、A．actually B．importantly C．increasingly D．accurately4、A．Insteadof B．Apartfrom C．Ratherthan D．Owingto5、A．rooms B．goods C．reasons D．books6、A．searched B．afforded C．designed D．charged7、A．convenience B．requirement C．agreement D．distinction8、A．small B．pretty C．active D．vivid9、A．Believed B．Determined C．Puzzled D．Convinced10、A．surprised B．worried C．excited D．satisfied11、A．shoppers B．readers C．employees D．volunteers12、A．putout B．setdown C．sendfor D．takeout13、A．suffer B．wait C．watch D．read14、A．advantage B．benefit C．knowledge D．patient15、A．counter B．pocket C．market D．service16、A．about B．away C．over D．across17、A．polite B．patient C．careful D．helpful18、A．thought B．looked C．regarded D．treated19、A．certainly B．obviously C．secretly D．hardly20、A．relation B．moment C．company D．novel第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）OnApril16,afire1．(destroy)thespire(尖塔)androofofthe580-year-oldcathedralNotreDame(巴黎圣母院).CitizensofParisgatheredaroundthegiantchurch,2．(sing)hymns(圣诗)andpraying.Thechurch,3．wasbuiltin1163,isahistoricaland4．(art)treasure.ItcombinedGothicartwithChristianarchitecture5．itledtotallerand6．(awesome)churchesthroughoutEurope.NotreDameisalsohome7．manyreligiousartifacts(手工艺品),paintingsandsculptures.8．(fortune),itsworld-famousstainedglassrosewindowssurvivedthefire.VictorHugo’s1831novel,theHunchbackofNotre-Dame,broughtthechurchtotheworld’sattention.FrenchPresidentEmmanuelMacronpromised9．(reconstruct)thebuilding.“NotreDameisourhistory,it’sourliterature,it’sourimagery,”hesaidin10．publicspeech.第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28．（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。DearsirorMadam,I’mLiHua,apassengeronaflightnumberBA793ofyourcompany.ItooktheflightfromAmericaJanuary3,2017.Unluckily,Ifindoneofmysuitcaselostattheairport.HereIameagerwritingtoyoutoaskforhelp.Thesui