2024年职称英语-职称英语(卫生类)笔试历年全考点试卷附带答案

2024年职称英语-职称英语(卫生类)笔试历年全考点试卷附带答案卷I一.单项选择题(共10题)1.MultipleSclerosis(多发性硬化症）

1

MultipleSclerosis(MS)isadiseaseinwhichthepatient’simmune(免疫的）systemattacksthecentralnervoussystem.Thiscanleadtonumerousphysicalandmentalsymptoms,asthediseaseaffectsthetransmissionofelectricalsignalsbetweenthebodyandthebrain.However,thehumanbody,beingaflexible,adaptablesystem,cancompensateforsomelevelofdamage,soapersonwithMScanlookandfeelfineeventhoughthediseaseispresent.

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MSpatientscanhaveoneoftwomainvarietiesofthedisease:therelapsingform（复发型）andtheprimaryprogressiveform.Intherelapsingform,thediseaseprogressesinaseriesofjumps；attimesitisinremission（减轻），whichmeansthataperson’snormalfunctionsreturnforaperiodoftimebeforethesystemgoesintorelapseandthediseaseagainbecomesmoreactive.ThisisthemostcommonformofMS；80%—90%ofpeoplehavethisformofthediseasewhentheyarefirstdiagnosed.Therelapse—remissioncyclecancontinueformanyyears.Eventually,however,lossofphysicalandcognitivefunctionsstartstotakeplaceandtheremissionsbecomelessfrequent.

3

IntheprimaryprogressiveformofMS,therearenoremissionsandacontinualbutsteadylossofphysicalandcognitivefunctionstakesplace.Thisconditionaffectsabout10%—15%ofsufferersatdiagnosis.

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Theexpectedcourseofthedisease,orprognosis（预后），dependsonmanyvariables：thesubtypeofthedisease,thepatient’sindividualcharacteristicsandtheinitialsymptoms.Lifeexpectancyofpatients,however,isoftennearlythesameasthatofanunaffectedperson—providedthatareasonablestandardofcareisreceived.Insomecasesanearnormallifespanispossible.

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Thecauseofthediseaseisunclear；itseemsthatsomepeoplehaveageneticsusceptibility(易感性），whichistriggeredbysomeunknownenvironmentalfactor.Onset(发作）ofthediseaseusuallyoccursinyoungadultsbetweentheagesof20and40.Itismorecommoninwomenthanmen；however,ithasalsobeendiagnosedinyoungchildrenandinelderlypeople.AnMSpatientcanfeelfineforyearswithoutbeingaffectedmuchby→

←A

heelderlypeopleB

relativesofMSpatientsC

theprogressiveformD

thebrainE

lifeexpectancyF

thedisease正确答案：F,2.TheMeanhgofDreams1Dreamsplayanimportantroleinourlives.Iftheycanbecorrectlyinterpreted,wecancometounderstandourselvesbetter.Here，welookatfourcommondreamsandwhattheypotentiallysymbolize.2Icanseetheirlaughingfaces...laughingatme.Buttheyaren'tassmart.Iftheywere,they'dbeuphereflyingwithme!Thisdreamhasbothpositiveandnegativeconnotations(含义).Onthepositiveside,thedreammayexpressastrongdesiretotravelandgetawayfromeverydayroutine.Itcanalsobeinterpretedasapowerfuldesiretoachieve.Ontheotherhand,thisdreamcanmeanthepersonhasaproblemorisafraidofsomethingandtheywishtoescape.Thedreamcouldrepresentaninferioritycomplex(自卑情结），whichdreamerattemptstoescapefrombyputtingthemselvesupaboveothers.3I'mmovingfastnow,butit'sstillbehindme.Doesn'tmatterhowfastIgo,Istillcan'tescape.Althoughthisisatraditionalsymbolofhealthandvitality(生命力)likethefirstone,itcanalsosuggestthedreameristryingtoescapefromdanger.Usually，fearisthedominantemotion.Byrunninghard，thedreamercanpossiblyescapethethreat.However，theycanalsostumble(蹒跚)orworsestillstopmovingaltogether.Thismakesthefearevenmoreterrifying(恐怖的).Onepossibleinterpretationsuggeststhatthepersonisunderpressureintheireverydaylife.4I'msweatingandmyheartisbeating.I'mtrappedinmyownbed.Inthisdream，thepersonisoftenstandingonahigh，exposedplacesuchasonthetopofatower，orontheedgeofacliff.Theoverwhelming(强烈的）feelingchangesfromanxietytoalossofcontrol.Thereisnothingtostoptheperson,andthefeelingastheygoovertheedgecanbehorrifyingly(恐怖地)real.Fortunately，justbeforehittingtheground,thedreamerawakensrelief.Thisdreamsuggeststhatthedreamerisafraidoflosingcontrolandhasafearoffailureorevendeath.5ThewindispushingmeandIslip.There’snothingIcando...nothingIcanholdonto.Thissymbolisassociatedwithfear:suddenlythedreamerlosesa"powerofmovement.Theytryhardtomovetheirarmsandlegs,buttheysimplycannot.Frozeninaterrifyingsituationwithnoescape，theybecomemoreandmoreterrifiedasthesecondsgoby.Anotherfrequentcontextforthisdreamisfailingtodosomethinginpublic，oftensomethingwhichyouarenormallyverygoodat，suchasyourjob.Notonlyisthisextremelyembarrassing，butitalsoshowsadeep-seatedphobia(恐惧）oflosingajobandalivelihood.25Paragraph4→←A.DreamofclimbingtreesB.DreamofdivingintothewaterC.DreamofrunninghardD.DreamoffallingdownE.DreamofbeingpushedawayF.Dreamofflyingintotheair正确答案：D,3.Thecontractbetweenthetwocompanieswill→expire←soon.A.shortenB.startC.endD.resume正确答案：C,4.InYourFaceWhyisthismansoangry?Wedon’tknowthereason,butwecanseetheemotioninhisface.Whatevercultureyoucomefrom,youcanunderstandthefeelingthatheisexpressing.Fortyyearsago,psychologistPaulEkmanoftheUniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco,becameinterestedinhowpeople’sfacesshowtheirfeelings.HetookphotographspfAmericansexpressingvariousemotions.ThenheshowedthemtotheForepeople,wholiveinthejungleinNewGuinea.MostoftheForehadneverseenforeignfaces，buttheyeasilyunderstoodAmericans，expressionsofanger,happiness,sadness,disgust,fear,andsurprise.ThenEkmandidthesameexperimentinreverse.HeshowedpicturesofForefacestoAmericans,andtheresultsweresimilar.AmericanshadnoproblemsreadingtheemotionsontheForepeople’sfaces.Ekman’sresearchgavepowerfulsupporttothetheorythatfacialexpressionsforbasicemotionsarethesameeverywhere.HedidmoreresearchinJapan,Brazil,andArgentina,andgotthesameresults.AccordingtoEkman，thesesixemotionsareuniversalbecausetheyarebuiltintoourbrains.Theydevelopedtohelpusdealwiththingsquicklythatmighthurtus.Someemotionaltriggersareuniversalaswell.Whensomethingsuddenlycomesintosight,peoplefeelfear,becauseitmightbedangerous.Butmostemotionaltriggersarelearned.Forexample,twopeoplemightsmellnewlycutgrass.Onepersonspentwonderfulsummersinthecountryasachild,sothesmellmakeshimhappy.Theotherpersonremembersworkingveryhardonafarmandbeinghungry,sohefeelssad.Oncewemakeanemotionalassociationinourbrain,itisdifficult,andsometimesimpossible,tochangeit.“Emotionistheleastchangeablepartofthebrain，，，saysEkman.Butwecanlearntomanageouremotionsbetter.Forinstance,wecanbemoreawareofthingsthatmakeusangry,andwecanthinkbeforewereact.Therearemanydifferencesbetweencultures,intheirlanguagesandcustoms.Butasmileisexactlythesameeverywhere.Ekmandidresearchinseveralcountriesandgotdifferentresults.ARight

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CNotmentioned正确答案：B,5.ScientistsDevelopWaysofDetectingHeartAttackGermanresearchershavecomeupwithanewgenerationofdefibrillators(除颤器)andearly-warningsoftwareaimedatofferingheartpatientsgreater__(51)fromsuddendeathfromcardiacarrest(心脏停搏）InGermanyalone,around100，000peopledieannually__(52)aresultofcardiacarrestandmanyofthesecasesarecausedbydisruptiontotheheart’srhythm.Thosemostat_(53)arepatientswhohavealreadysufferedaheartattack,andforyearstheuseofdefibrillatorshasprovedusefulin_(54)life-threateningdisruptionstoheartrhythmsandcorrectingthemautomaticallybyinterveningwithinseconds.Thesedevices_(55)onarangeoffunctions,suchasthatofpacemaker(起搏器）.HeartspecialistsatFreiburg’sUniversityClinichavenowachievedabreakthroughwithanimplanteddefibrillator_(56)ofgeneratingasix-channelelectrocardiogram(ECG,心电图）withinthebody.Thisintegratedsystemallows_(57)diagnosisofsevereblood-flowproblemsandapending(艮P将发生的）heartattack.Itwillbeimplantedin_(58)forthefirsttimethisyear.Meanwhile,researchersattheFraunhoferInstituteforAppliedMathematicsinKaiserslauternhavedevelopednewcomputersoftwarethat_(59)theevaluationofECGdatamoreprecise.Theoverwhelmingmajorityofpatientsatriskwillnothaveanimplanteddefibrillatorandmustforthis__(60)undergoregularECGs.“Manyofthecurrentprogramsonlytakeinto(61)alinearcorrelationofthedata.Weare,however,makinguseofanon-linearprocess(62)revealsthechaoticpatternsofheartbeatsasanopenandcomplexsystem，，，HagenKnafsays.“Inthiswaychangesintheheart(63)overtimecanbemonitoredandindividualvariationsinpatientstakenintoaccount.，’AnoldstudyofECGdata,basedupon600patientswhohad_(64)asubsequentheartattack,enabledtheresearcherstocomparerisksandtoshowthatthenewsoftwareevaluatesthe(65)considerablybetter.A.finalB.earlyC.differentialD.usual正确答案：B,6.OntheTrailoftheHoneyBadgerOnarecentfieldtriptotheKalahariDesert,ateamofresearcherslearntalotmoreabouthoneybadgers(獾）。Theteamemployedalocalwildlifeexpert,KitsoKhama,tohelpthemlocateandfollowthebadgersacrossthedesert.Theirmainaimwastostudythebadgers’movementsandbehaviourasdiscreetly(谨慎地）aspossible,withoutfrighteningthemawayorcausingthemtochangetheirnaturralbehaviour.Theyalsoplannedtotrapafewandstudythemcloseupbeforereleasingthem.Inviewoftheanimal’sreputation,thiswassomethingthatevenKhamawasreluctanttodo.“Theproblemwithhoneybadgersistheyarenaturallycuriousanimals,especiallywhentheyseesomethingnew"，’hesays.“That，combinedwiththeirunpredictablenature,canbeadangerousmixture.Iftheysehseyouhavefood,forexample,theywon’tbeshyaboutcomingrightuptoyouforsomethingtoeat.Theyareactuallyquitesociablecreaturesaroundhumans,butassoonastheyfeeltheymightbeindanger,theycanbecomeextremelyvicious(凶猛的）.Fortunatelythisisrare,butitdoeshappen.”Theresearchconfirmedmanythingsthatwerealreadyknown.Asexpected，honeybadgersateanycreaturestheycouldcatchandkill.poisonoussnakes,fearedandavoidedbymostotheranimals,werenotsafefromTheresearchersweresurprised，however,bytheanimal’sfondnessforlocalmelons，probablybecauseoftheirhighwatercontent.Previouslyresearchersthoughtthattheanimalgotallofitsliquidrequirementsfromitsprey(猎物）.Theteamalsolearntthat,contraryresearchfindings,thebadgersoccasionallyformedloosefamilywerealsoabletoconfirmcertainre-suitsfrompreviousresearch,includingthefemalebadgersneversocialisedwitheachother.Followingsomeofthemalebadgerswasachallenge，sincetheycancoverlargedistancesinashortspaceoftime.Somehuntingterritoriescovermorethan500squarekilometres.Althoughtheyseemhappytosharetheseterritorieswithothermales,thereareoccasionalfightsoveranimportantfoodsource,andmalebadgerscanbeasaggressivetowardseachotherastheyaretowardsotherspecies.Asthebadgersbecameaccustomedtothepresenceofpeople,itgavetheteamthechancetogetupclosetothemwithoutbeingthesubjectoftheanimals’curiosity—ortheirsuddenaggression.Thebadgers’eatingpatterns,whichhadbeendisrupted,returnedtonormal.Italsoallowedtheteamtoobservemorecloselysomeoftheothercreaturesthatformworkingassociationswiththehoneybadger，astheseseemedtoadoptthebadgers’relaxedattitudewhennearhumans.Whatdidtheteamfindoutabouthoneybadgers?A.Thereweresomecreaturestheydidnoteat.B.Theywereafraidofpoisonouscreatures.C.Theymaygetsomeofthewatertheyneededfromfruit.D.Femalebadgersdidnotmixwithmalebadgers.正确答案：C,7.8.

FoodSafetyandFoodborneIllness

Foodsafetyisanincreasinglyimportantpublichealthissue.Governmentsallovertheworldareintensifyingtheireffortsto_______(51)foodsafety.Theseeffortsareinresponsetoanincreasingnumberoffoodsafetyproblemsand_______(52).consumerconcems.

Foodbomeillnessesaredefinedasdiseases,usuallyeitherinfectiousortoxic（有毒的）innature，causedbyagentsthat_______(53)thebodythroughtheingestion（摄取）offood.Everypersonis_______(54)riskoffoodbomeillnesses.

Foodbomediseasesareawidespreadandgrowingpublichealth_______(55)，bothindevelopedanddevelopingcountries.Theglobalincidenceoffoodbornediseasesisdifficultto______(56)，butithasbeenreportedthatin2005alone8millionpeoplediedfromdiarrhoeal（腹泻）diseases.Agreatproportionofthese______(57)canbeattributedtocontamination（污染）offoodanddrinkingwater.Additionally，diarrhoeaisa

_______(58)causeofmalnutrition（替养不良）inihfantsandyoungchildren.

Inindustrializedcountries，thepercentageofthepopulationsufferingfromfoodbomediseaseseachyearhasbeen___(59)tobe10%upto30%.IntheUnitedStatesofAmerica，forexample,around76millioncasesoffoodbomediseases，resulting_____(60)325,000，hospitalizationsand5,000deaths，areestimatedtooccureachyear.

_______(61)lesswelldocumented，developingcountriesbearthebrunt（首当其冲）oftheproblemduetothepresenceofawide_______(62)offoodbomediseases，includingthosecausedbyparasites（寄生虫）.Thehighprevalenceofdiarrhoealdiseasesinmanydevelopingcountriessuggestsmajor_______(63)foodsafetyproblems.

Inpartnershipwithotherstakeholders，WHOisdeveloping_______(64)thatwillfurtherpromotethesafetyoffood.Thesepolicies→

←(65)theentirefoodchainfromproductiontoconsumptionandwillmakeuseofdifferenttypesofexpertise（专长）. A.meetB.improveC.provideD.reach正确答案：B,9.TheMind-BodyConnectionsNormanCousinswasafamousAmericanmagazineeditor.In1964，hereturnedfromanoverseastripandthenbecameveryill.Inthehospital,hehadterriblepainandcouldn'tmovehisbody.Doctorstoldhimhehadaseriousdiseasecalledankylosingspondylitis(强直性脊柱炎）andsaidhehadonly1chancein500ofsurviving.Theygavehimpowerfuldrugs,buthisconditiononlygotworse.Cousinshadreadaboutatheorythatnegativeemotionscanharmyourhealth.Hebelievedthatpositiveemotionsweregoodforone'shealth,andhedecidedtotryanexperiment.Hewouldfillhisdayswithgoodfeelingsandlaughterandseeifthatmightimprovehiscondition.Heleftthehospitalandmovedintoahotelroom.There,hegotalargesupplyoffunnyTVprogramsandcopiesofoldMarxBrothersmoviesandcartoons.Healsohiredanursetoreadfunnystoriestohim.Hisplanwastospendthewholedaylaughingandthinkingabouthappythings.Onhisfirstnightinthehotel,Cousinsfoundthatlaughingatthemovieshelpedhisbodyproducechemicalsthatreducedpain.Forthefirsttimeinweeks,hecouldsleepcomfortablyforafewhours.Everytimethepaincameback,hewatchedanotherfunnymovieandlaugheduntilhefeltbetter.Overtime,Cousinswasabletomeasurechangesinhisbodywithbloodtests.Hefoundthattheharmfulchemicalsinhisbodydecreasedatleast5percenteverytimehewatchedafunnymovie.Afterashorttime,hewasabletostoptakingallofhismedications.Finallyhisconditionimprovedsomuchthathecouldgobacktowork.Cousinslaterwroteabookabouthowlaughterandhappinesshelpedhimtosurviveadeadlyillness.Manypeopledidn'tbelievehisstoryandsaidthathisdoctorswerewrongabouthisdisease.Butsincethen,researchhasfoundthatemotionsdohaveastrongeffectonphysicalhealth,andexperimentsfoundthatlaughtercanhelptoreducepain.Scientiststodayareworkingtounderstandthewaysthatourmindsaffectourbodies.Cousinsspentalotoftimelaughingeveryday.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned正确答案：A,10.DreamsEveryonecandream.Indeed,everyonedoesdream.Thosewho→←(51)thattheyneverdreamatallactuallydream→←(52)asfrequentlyastherestofus，→←(53)theymaynotrememberanythingaboutit.Eventhoseofuswhoareperfectly→←(54)ofdreamingnightafternightveryseldomrememberthosedreamsin→←(55)detailbutmerelyretainanuntidymixtureofseeminglyunrelated→_←(56),Dreamsarenotsimplyvisual—wedreamwithallour→←(57)sothatweappeartoexperiencesound,touch,smell,andtaste.Oneoftheworld’soldest_→←(58)writtendocumentsistheEgyptianBookofDreams.Thisvolumeisaboutfivethousandyearsold,soyoucansee→___←(59)dreamswerebelievedtohaveaspecialsignificanceeventhen.Manyancientcivilizationsbelievedthatyou_(60)neverwakeasleepingpersonas,duringsleep,thesoulhadleftthebodyandmightnotbeabletoreturn→←_(61)timeifthesleeperweresuddenlyawoken.Fromancienttimestothepresent→(←62)，peoplehavebeenmakingattemptstointerpretdreamsandto→(←63)theirsignificance.Therearemanybooksavailableonthe→←(64)ofdreaminterpretation，althoughunfortunatelytherearealmostasmanymeaningsforaparticulardream→←(65)therearebooks.A.demandB.promiseC.agreeD.claim正确答案：D,卷II一.单项选择题(共10题)1.Mostbabiescan→takein←awiderangeoffoodeasily.A.bringB.keepC.serveD.digest正确答案：D,2.Rumorsbeganto→circulate←abouthisfinancia丨problems.A.sendB.hearC.confirmD.spread正确答案：D,3.WorldHeartDaySundaywasWorldHeartDay.TheWorldHeartFederationanditsmembergroupsinmorethanonehundredcountriesorganizedthecelebrations.TheWorldHealthOrganizationandotherUnitedNationsagenciesprovidedsupportforthe___________(51).WorldHeartDaywasfirstobservedsixyears___________(52).Organizersproposedtheeventasawaytohelpreducethespreadofheartdisease.TheWorldHeartFederationsaysheart___________(53)killsseventeenmillionpeopleeachyear.Thegroupurgespeopletobeactiveandhaveagood，healthydiet.Italsowarns___________(54)activitiesknowntoincreaseaperson’sriskofheartattackorstroke.Someofthewarningsaredirectedatchildren.TheWorldHeartFederationsaysabouttwenty-twomillionboysandgirlsundertheageoffiveareobese—severelyoverweight.Childrenarenormallyenergeticandactive.___________(55)，twothirdsofallchildrenarenotactiveenough.Suchchildrengreatly___________(56)theirriskofbecomingobese.Theyalsoincreasetheir___________(57)ofdevelopingheartdiseaseorotherdisorders.OnemessageofWorldHeartDayistoeatright.Children—______(58)eatahealthyandbalanceddiet.Also,limitsugarydrinks，sweetsandeatingbetweenmeals.TheWorldHeartFederationurgesparentstokeeptheirchildren__________(59).!tsaysphysicalexercisehelpstodecreasetheriskofobesityand___________(60)achildhealthy.Obesechildrenoftenbecomeobeseadults.______(61)youbelieveyourchildistooheavy，talkwithahealthcareprovider.TheWorldHeartFederationisalsoconcernedabouttheeffectsoftobaccoonyoungpeople.Itsaystheyoungersomeonebeginstosmoke，the______(62)thechanceofahealthproblemtiedtosmoking.Halfoftheyoungpeoplewhocontinuetosmokeare___________(63)todielaterinlifefromasmoking-relateddisease.Thegroupsaysalmosthalfofallchildrenlivewithasmoker.Itsayschildrenwholivewitha___________(64)canbreatheanamountoftobaccoequaltomorethantwothousandcigarettes.Andthatisbythetimetheyarefiveyearsold.TheWorldHeartFederationalsosaysparentsshouldwarnchildrennottobe__________(65)bytobaccocompanies.Anditsaysparentswhosmokeshouldtrytostop.A.supposedB.possibleC.likelyD.lucky正确答案：C,4.

FoodSafetyandFoodborneIllness

Foodsafetyisanincreasinglyimportantpublichealthissue.Governmentsallovertheworldareintensifyingtheireffortsto_______(51)foodsafety.Theseeffortsareinresponsetoanincreasingnumberoffoodsafetyproblemsand_______(52).consumerconcems.

Foodbomeillnessesaredefinedasdiseases,usuallyeitherinfectiousortoxic（有毒的）innature，causedbyagentsthat_______(53)thebodythroughtheingestion（摄取）offood.Everypersonis_______(54)riskoffoodbomeillnesses.

Foodbomediseasesareawidespreadandgrowingpublichealth_______(55)，bothindevelopedanddevelopingcountries.Theglobalincidenceoffoodbornediseasesisdifficultto______(56)，butithasbeenreportedthatin2005alone8millionpeoplediedfromdiarrhoeal（腹泻）diseases.Agreatproportionofthese______(57)canbeattributedtocontamination（污染）offoodanddrinkingwater.Additionally，diarrhoeaisa

_______(58)causeofmalnutrition（替养不良）inihfantsandyoungchildren.

Inindustrializedcountries，thepercentageofthepopulationsufferingfromfoodbomediseaseseachyearhasbeen___(59)tobe10%upto30%.IntheUnitedStatesofAmerica，forexample,around76millioncasesoffoodbomediseases，resulting_____(60)325,000，hospitalizationsand5,000deaths，areestimatedtooccureachyear.

_______(61)lesswelldocumented，developingcountriesbearthebrunt（首当其冲）oftheproblemduetothepresenceofawide_______(62)offoodbomediseases，includingthosecausedbyparasites（寄生虫）.Thehighprevalenceofdiarrhoealdiseasesinmanydevelopingcountriessuggestsmajor_______(63)foodsafetyproblems.

Inpartnershipwithotherstakeholders，WHOisdeveloping_______(64)thatwillfurtherpromotethesafetyoffood.Thesepolicies→

←(65)theentirefoodchainfromproductiontoconsumptionandwillmakeuseofdifferenttypesofexpertise（专长）. A.toB.inC.fromD.of正确答案：B,5.TryingtoFindaPartnerOneofthemoststrikingfindingsofarecentpollintheUKisthatofthepeopleinter-viewed,oneintwobelievesthatitisbecomingmoredifficulttomeetsomeonetostartafamilywith.Whyaremanyfindingitincreasinglydifficulttostartandsustainintimaterelationships?Doesmodernlifereallymakeithardertofallinlove?Orarewemakingitharderforourselves?Itiscertainlythecasetodaythatcontemporarycouplesbenefitindifferentwaysfromrelationships.Womennolongerrelyuponpartnersforeconomicsecurityorstatus.Amandoesn’texpecthisspousetobeinsolechargeofrunninghishouseholdandraisinghischildren.Butperhapstheknowledgethatwecanliveperfectlywellwithoutapartnershipmeansthatittakesmoretopersuadepeopletoabandontheirindependence.Intheory,findingapartnershouldbemuchsimplerthesedays.Onlyafewgenerationsago,yourchoiceofsoulmate(心上人）wasconstrained(限制）bygeography,socialconventionandfamjlytradition.Althoughitwasneverexplicit,manymarriageswereessentiallyarranged.Ncwthosebarridirshavebeenbrokendown.Youcanapproachabuilderorabrainsurgeoninanybarinanycityonanygivenevening.Whentheworldisyouroyster(牡贩），yousurelyhaveabetterchanceoffindingapearl.But

itseemsthat

theoldconventionshavebeenreplacedbyaneventighterconstraint：thetyrannyofchoice.Theexpectationofpartnersareinflated(提高）toanunmanageabledegree：goodlooks,impressive

salsry.kindtograndmother,andrightsocks.Thereisnoroomforerrorinthe

firstimpression.Wethinkthatarelationshipcanbeperfect.Ifitisn’t,itisdisposable.Weworktoprotectourselvesagainstfutureheartacheanddon’tputinthehardemotionallaborneededtobuildastrongrelationship.Ofcourse,thisiscomplicatedbyrealities.Thecostofhousingandchild-rearingcreatespressuretohaveastableincomeandcareerbeforealifepartnership.WhichofthefollowingisNOTexpectedofapartneraccordingtothispassage?AGoodlooks.

BAnimpressivecareenCAhighsalary.

DAfinesenseofhumor.正确答案：D,6.WanttoBe100?ListentoThese5Centenarians(百岁老人）FiveneighborsatacentralMissouriretirementcommunitywhoareallcentenariansgetaskedallthetime：“Howdidyoulivetobe100?”Ifyouwanttoliveto100ormore,thisraregroupoffivegoldengirlssaysthekeytolongevity(长寿）isworkinghardatajobyouloveandtakingcareofyourbodywhileyou，reatit.Eventhoughanestimated70，000peopleinthecountryarecurrentlyatthecenturymarkorbeyondinage,itisunusualtofindfive100-year-oldslivinginoneplace.Theaveragelife-span(寿命）ofAmericansisabouttwoorthreeyearsshortofan80thbirthdayparty.Andmostpeopledon’twanttocutoutcoffee,soda,alcohol,cigarettes,andeathealthyfood.“Peopletellmeallthetime,‘Idon’twanttolivetobe100，saidMildredLeaver,whoturned100inJune.“Ithinkthat’sjustsad.AgingisattitudeandIdon’tfeelold，，，saidLeaver,aformereducatorwhostilldrivesherBuickaroundtown.Itdoesn’ttakelongtoseethatLeaverandherneighborsMildredHarris,GraceWolfson,GladysStuartandViolaSemas,havealotmoreincommonthantheirlongevityandlifelonghealthyhabits.Allare100exceptStuart,whois101.Eventhoughtheirsightandhearingaren’twhattheyusedtobe,they’veallavoidedillnessesthatmanyelderlypeoplearestrickenwith.It’sbeen50yearssinceLeaverbeatcancerforthefirstandonlytime.Thecommonthreadthatconnectsthesewomenisthedecadesofservicetojobseachlovedasafarmer,designer,schoolprincipal，bookkeeperandsecretary.Intheearlyyearsoftheirlives,gainfullyemployedwomenlikethemwerejustasrareas100-year-oldsaretoday.Itisnothardtofindfive100-year-oldslivinginoneplaceinAmerica.ARight

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CNotmentioned正确答案：B,7.Caffeine

Caffeineisprobablythemostwidelyuseddrugintheworld.Humanshavebeenconsumingcaffeineforhundredsofyears,primarilyintheformofcoffee,tea,andcocoa.Habitualcoffeeandteadrinkershadlongbeenobservedtohavealowerincidenceofnonmelanoma(黑色素瘤）skincancers,althoughnooneknewwhy.Arecentstudyfoundthatcaffeineaffectsskincellsdamagedbyultravi