牛津版中考英语阅读理解实战演练8

社会文化篇

1

Formostpeople,theword"fashion"means“clothes”.Butpeoplemayaskthequestion,"Whatclothes

areinfashion?"Andtheyusetheadjective（形容词）“fashionable”inthesameway:"Shewaswearinga

fashionablecolor."

Butofcoursetherearefashionsinmanythings,notonlyinclothes.Therearefashionsinholidays,

inrestaurants,infilmsandbooks.Thereareevenfashionsinschoolsubjects,jobs...andinlanguages.

Fashionschangeastimegoes.Ifyoulookatpicturesofpeopleorthingsfromthepast,youwillsee

thatfashionshavealwayschanged.AnEnglishhouseof1750wasdifferentfromhisgrandsonin1860.

Todayfashionschangeveryquickly.Someofthisisnatural（自然的）.Wehearaboutthingsmuch

morequicklythaninthepast.Newspapers,radios,telephonesandtelevisionsendinformationfromone

countrytoanotherinafewhours.

Newfashionsmeanthatpeoplewillbuynewthings,soyouseethereismoneyinfashion.

I.Fromthispassageweknowthat“fashion”means.

A.clothesB.manythingsC.mostofthepopularthingsD.everything

2.Whichofthefollowingthingsisfashionabletoday?

A.SurfingontheInternetB.HavingafamilydinneronNewYear'sDay

C.LearningtosingsongsontheradioD.Doingmorningexercisesatschool.

3.Todayfashionschangeveryquicklybecause.

A.PeoplereadnewspaperseverydayB.radiossendinformationfromonecountrytoanother

C.newthingsthatpeoplelikeareoftenshownonTV

D.peoplequicklylearnwhatishappeningintheworld

"Thereismoneyinfashion.**means.

A.clothesareexpensiveB.moneycomesfromfashion

C.peoplelikenewthingsD.therearenofashionswithoutmoney

2

FirstFrenchman:Ionceheardsomeoneshout,"Lookout,"Iputmyheadoutofawindowanda

basin（盆）ofwaterfellonme.Itseemsthat"Lookout"maymean"donttlookout."

SecondFrenchman:OnceIwasonashipandheardthecaptain（船长）shout,"Allhandsondeck,"I

putmyhandsonthedeckandsomeonewalkedonthem.

ThirdFrenchman:IoncevisitedanEnglishfriendearlyinthemorningandthemaidwhocametothe

doorandsaid,"He'snotupyet.Comebackinhalfanhour,"WhenIwentagainforhim,shesaid,"Hels

notdownyet."

"Ifhe'snotupandhe'snotdown,whereishe?"Iasked.

Shesaid,"He'sstillinbed.WhenIsay'He'snotup'Imean*hehasnotyetgotup'.WhenIsay'He's

notdown'Imean*hehasnotyetcomedownstairs/"

1."Lookout"heremeans"

A.putyourheadoutofthewindowandlookB.Takecare

C.TmgoingtopourthewaterD.Helpme

2."Allhandsondeck"means"

A.AIIthesailorsgather（集合）ondeckB.Giveyourhandstome

C.PutyourrighthandandlefthandondeckD.Shakeyourhandswithme

3.Whenthemaidsaid,"He'snotupyet."Shemeantthat.

A.hehasnotgrownupyetB.hehasnotyetgotup

C.hehasnotwokeupyetD.hehasnotyetcomeupstairs

4.WhenthethirdFrenchmanwentback,theEnglishfriend.

A.waswashinghisfaceB.washavinghisbreakfast

C.wasstillinanupstairsroomD.wasreadinganewspaper

5.Whichdoyouthinkisthebesttitleforthisarticle?

A.ThreeFrenchmenandtheirEnglishFriendsB.TheEnglishLanguage

C.ThreeFrenchStoriesD.WhataLanguage!

3

Newspapersareveryimportantinourdailylife.Manypeoplebegintheirdaybyreadingthepaper.In

thiswaytheylearnwhatisgoingonintheworld.Sometimes,however,theydidn'thavethetimetoread

thenewscarefullyandmustbepleasedwithaquicklookatthefrontpage.Atothertimestheymaybein

suchahurrythattheyhavetimeonlytohaveaquicklookattheheadlines（标题）.

Therearenewspaperstopleaseeveryreader.Inbigcitiestherearemanytypeswithseveral

differenteditionseveryday.Insometownstherearefewernewspapersandperhapsonlyoneedition

eachday.Insomeplacesthepaperisprintedweekly.

Mostpapershaveseveraleditions,especiallyonSundayswhentheeditionislargerthanusual.

Therearebesidesthefrontpagewiththemostimportantnews,thesportsnews,theamusement（娱乐）

page,abusinesspageandsoon.

1.Peoplereadnewspaperto.

A.learnaboutthemostimportantnewsB.bepleased

C.getsomeinformationD.learnaboutwhatevertheywant

2.Readingtheheadlines,peoplecanknow.

A.whatthepassagesareaboutB.whatisgoingon

C.aboutthemostimportantnewsD.aboutsports

3.Inbigcitiesnewspapersareusuallyprinted.

A.dailyB.weeklyC.monthlyD.yearly

4.MostpapershaveonSundaysthanusual.

A.moretypesB.morepagesC.lesstypesD.lesspages

5.lfyouwanttoseeafilm,you'dbetterreadinanewspaper.

A.thebusinesspageB.thefrontpageC.thesportspageD.theamusementpage

4

ThisdictionarytellsyouaboutEnglishwordsandhowtousetheminreading,writingandspeaking

English.Itnotonlygivesthemeaningofwords,itcanalsohelpyouwithspelling,wordbuilding,grammar

andpronunciation.

Touseyourdictionarycorrectly,youneedtounderstandhowthedictionaryworks.Atthefrontofthe

book,youwillfindsomeexercisestohelpyoumakethemostuseofyourdictionary.

Ifyoulookuptheword"colour",youwillfindtwospellingsforthisword.,,ColournisusedinBritish

English,while“color”isusedinAmericanEnglish.Whensuchathinghappens,thedictionaryshowsit

withtheword“BrE”forBritishEnglishand“AmE”forAmericanEnglish.

Thedictionaryalsohelpsyoupronouncewordscorrectly.Itusesaspecialalphabet（特殊字母表）to

showpronunciation.Ifyouturntotheinsidebackface,youwillseeallthephoneticletters（音标）with

somewordstoshowyouhowtheyarepronounced.Justhavealookthispagewhenyou'renotsurehow

tosayaword.

Themostimportantreasonforusingadictionaryistofindoutthemeaningofaword―its

DEFINITION.

Inthisdictionary,thedefinitionshavebeenwrittenusingonly2000words.Thismeansthatthe

definitionsofeventhemostdifficultwordsaresimplyexplained（简单角吊释）andeasytounderstand.

Whenawordhasmorethanonemeaning,readallthemeaningsuntilyoufindtheonethatcorrectly

tellstheuseofthewordyouarelookingfor.

Mostofthewordsinthisdictionarycanbeusedbypeopleinallpartsoftheworld.

I.Thisdictionarycannothelpyouwith.

A.singingB.grammarC.spellingD.pronunciation

2.__ofthewordsinthedictionaryhavetwospellings.

A.AllB.OneC.FewD.Some

3.TheAmEspellingoftheChineseword"颜色"inthisdictionaryis.

A.colourB.collarC.colorD.corner

4.Thephoneticalphabethelpsyoueachwordcorrectly.

A.understandB.writeC.sayD.know

5.TheChinesemeaningof“definition“hereis.

A.词性B.词条C.词义D.词库

6.Howmanywordsarethereinthisdictionary?.

A.TwothousandB.OnethousandC.OnehundredD.Wedon'tknow

7.Thedictionaryexplains.

A.someofthedifficultwordsB.allthewordsinasimpleway

C.alltheeasywordsD.thewordsoftwomeanings

5

TheWinterOlympicsisalsocalledtheWhiteOlympics.Atthistime,manycolorfulstampsarepublished

（发行）tomark（标志）thegreatGames.ThefirststampsmarkingtheopeningcameoutonJanuary25,

1932intheUnitedStatesforthe3rdWhiteOlympics.Fromthenon,publishingstampsduringtheWhite

Olympicsbecamearule（规定）.

Duringthe4thWinterOlympicGamesagroupofstampswerepublishedinGermanyinNovember

1936.ThefiveringsofOlympicsweredrawnonthefrontofthesportswear.Itwasthefirsttimethatthe

ringsappearedonthestampsoftheWhiteOlympics.

Inthe1950*8,thestampsofthiskindbecamemorecolorful.WhentheWhiteOlympicscame,the

hostcountries（东道主）aswellasthenon-hostcountriespublishedstampstomarkthoseGames.China

alsopublishedfourstampsinFebruary1980,whentheChinesesportsmenbegantotakepartinthe

WhiteOlympics.

JapanistheonlyAsiancountrythathaseverheldtheWhiteOlympics.Altogether14,500million

stampsweresoldtocollectmoneyforthissportsmeeting.

Differentkindsofsportsweredrawnonthesesmallstamps.Peoplecanenjoythebeautyofthe

wonderfulmovementsofsomesportsmen.

I.TheWhiteOlympicsandtheWinterOlympics.

A.arethesamethingB.aredifferentgames

C.arenotheldinwinterD.areheldinsummer

2.TheworldmadeitaruletopublishstampstomarkthegreatworldGames.

A.aftertheyear1936B.afterthe3rdWinterOlympics

C.beforethe3rdWhiteOlympicsD.beforetheyear1932

3.TheWinterOlympicsisheldonce.

A.everytwoyearsB.everythreeyearsC.everyfouryearsD.everyfiveyears

4.Whichofthefollowingistrue?

A.OnlythehostcountriescanpublishstampstomarkthoseGames.

B.Onlythenon-hostcountriescanpublishstampstomarkthoseGames.

C.AIIthecountriescanpublishstampstomarkthoseGames.

D.Japancan,tpublishstampstomarkthoseGames.

5.WhatmayappearonthestampsoftheWhiteOlympics?

A.Basketball.B.Tabletennis.C.Football.D.Skating.

6

In1998,WorldCupFootballMatchheldinFrancetookupanewrule.Insteadoftheusualblackand

whiteball,acolorfulballwasusedinthegame.Thenewballwasmadeupof32piecesofthreecolors:

red,blueandwhite.Interestinglyenough,theFrenchnationalflaghappenedtobeinthreecolors,too.

Besides,32teamstookpartinthecomingWorldCup.Butearlyfootballwasmadeupofeightpiecesof

leather.Astimewentby,morepiecesofleatherwereused,from12piecesto18to26andthento32

now.

Aboutthreemillionsuchnewfootballsweremade.Andthensomeplayerswereplayingthenewball

intheirtraining.Themakershavewarnedthegoalkeeperthatthenewballfliesinadirectlineatafast

speed.

Aftertryingtheballforsometime,afootballersaidthattheballwasquitedifferentfromthe

traditional（传统的）blackandwhiteone,andthatthegoalkeeperwouldfindithardertocatchthem.

Anotherfootballersaidthattherewouldbemoregoals.Tortheplayerontheground,thenewballis

easiertocontrolasitflies.Agoodplayercanshootinmoregoals,nhesaid.

1.Whatwasthenewruleinthe1998WorldCupFootballMatch?

A.Thenewballmadeupof32piecesofthreecolorswasused.

B.Theflagsoftheteamswereinthreecolors.C.Only32teamstookpartinthegame.

D.Thewhiteandblackfootballwasusedinstead.

2.WhatisthecoloroftheFrenchnationalflag?

A.Blackandwhite.B.Redandblack.C.Blue,redandwhiteD.Black,whiteandred.

3.Whichofthefollowingsentencesisnottrue?

A.Earlyfootballsweremadeupofeightpiecesofleatherintwocolors.

B.Eighteenpiecesofleatherwereonceusedtomakeafootball.

C.Footballersoftenusedtheblackandwhiteballsinthepast.

D.Thefootballmadeupoftwelvepiecesofleatherwasjustusedbytwelveteams.

4.Itisnoteasyforthegoalkeeperstocatchthenewfootballs,because.

A.theyarenotasbigastheoldonesB.theyflyatafastspeed

C.theyaremadeupofmorepiecesofleatherthantheoldones

D.thegoalkeepershaven,ttriedthenewfootball

5.Whafsthebesttitleforthispassage?

A.FootballofNewKindB.98WorldCupFootballMatch

C.GoalkeepersandPlayersD.Three-colorFlagofFrance

7

Mostpeoplehaveflownkitesorhaveseenoneorrideanddipinastrongspringwind.Notsomany

peopleknowthatkiteswerefirstmadeinChinathousandsofyearsago.Theancient（古代的）Chinese

weremakingandflyingkitesevenbeforetheywerewriting.

Alongtimeago,theChinesemadekitestouseinwars.Theywouldflythesewarkitesinthedark.

Thekiteswerefixedsothattheymadestrangesounds.Menwhowereatwarwiththemwouldhear

thesesoundsandrunaway.Thethoughtthosesoundsweremadebygodsinthesky.

TheancientChinesealsoflewkitestobringgoodluckandtomaketheircropsgrowrichandtall.

Sometimestheytiedlongstrings（绳子）andhooks（钩）totheirkites.Thentheywouldflythekitesover

water,lettingthehookshangdowntocatchfish.

TheChineseusesticks,stringsandpaperfortheirkites.Someofthesekiteslooklikeanimalsor

trees.Otherslooklikebirdsorhouses.

I.Themainideaofthefirstparagraphisthat.

A.kiteswerefirstmadeinChinaB.mostofushaveflownorseenone

C.theancientChineseweremakingkitesbeforetheywerewriting

D.theancientChineseweregoodatmakingkites

2.InancientChinakitescouldbeusedfor.

A.catchingfishB.helpingpeopleflyC.wateringthecropsD.helpingpeoplewalkinthedark

3.TheancientChineseusedkitesinwarsbecausethekites.

A.couldbringgoodluckB.lookedlikeanimalsC.couldhelpthemwinawarD.couldflyhigh

4.TheChineseusuallyusefortheirkites.

A.sticks,stringsandgrassB.strings,hairandwood

C.paper,stringsandsticksD.paper,ropesandhooks

5.Whatisthebesttitleofthispassage?

A.LuckyKitesB.StrangeKitesC.BeautifulKitesD.ChineseKites

8

Shanghai:Carrentals（出租）arebecomingmoreandmorepopularasaninexpensivewayoftaking

toroads.Businesspeople,foreignandfamiliesalikearemakinggooduseofthegrowingindustry（工业）.

ThefirstcarrentalcompanyopenedinShanghaiin1992andnow12carrentalplayersareinthe

game,withmorethan11,500carsintheirbooks.

Thelargestplayer-ShanghaiBasherTourismCarRentalCenteroffersawidevarietyof

choices-deluxesedans,minivans,stationwagons,coaches.Santanasedansarethebigfavorite.

Companiescanattract（吸弓I）enoughcustomers（消费者）for70percentoftheircarseverymonth.

Thisfigure（数字）shootsupduringholidayseasonslikeNationalDay,LaborDayandNewYear'sDay,

withsomerecording100%rental.

Themainmarketforcerestsinthegrowingpopulationofwhite-collaremployees（白领雇员），who

canaffordthenewservice,saidZhuangYu,marketingmanagerofShanghaiAngelCarRentalCo.

I.Thewords"deluxesedans,”“minivans”and“stationwagons”usedinthetextreferto（ffi）.

A.carsinthemakingB.carrentalfirmsC.carsforrentD.carmakers

2.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothetext?

A.70%ofthecarscanberentedoutonholiday.

B.70%ofthecustomersarewhite-collaremployees.

C.Morefirmsareopenforserviceduringholidayseasons.

D.Somefirmsrentoutalltheircarsduringholidayseasons.

3.Shanghai'scarrentalindustryisgrowingsofastmainlydueto.

A.bettercarssuppliedbyproducersB.fastserviceofferedbycarrentalfirms

C.theincreasingnumberofwhite-collaremployees

D.people'sgrowinginterestintravelingduringholidays

9

ThecostofmedicalcareintheUnitedStatesisveryhigh.Moretimeandmoneythatdoctorsspend

ontheirmedicaleducationisprobablyonereasonforthisproblem.

Avisittoadoctor'sofficecostsfrom15to50dollars.Itisalmostimpossibleforpeopletopayforthe

medicalcaretheyneed.ManypeopleintheUnitedStatesthinkthatdoctorsareoverpaid.Mostdoctors,

however,disagree.Theysaythattheywererequired（要求）tostudymedicineforalongtime.Tuitionfor

manyyearsofmedicaleducationcostsalotofmoney.Doctorssaythatitisnecessaryformostmedical

studentstoborrowmoneyfrombanktopaytheirtuition.Becausetheirmoneymustberepaidtothebank,

youngdoctorsneedtoreceivealotofmoneyfortheirwork.So,theycharge（收费）peoplehighpricesfor

medicalcare.

Therefore,itispossiblethatthehighcostofmedicalcareinAmericaisunnecessary,becausehigh

tuitionisonecauseofhighcosts.Onewaytolowercostswouldbetohavemedicalschoolsthatarefree

orhavelowtuition.

I.ThewordlttuitionMinthepassageprobablyrefersto____.

A.teachingthestudentsB.studyingthecoursesC.paymentforeducationD.livingatschool

2.Thereasonforthehighmedicalcosttoldinthepassageisthat.

A.tuitioninmedicalschoolsishighB.thepriceofmedicineishigh

C.doctorsareoverpaidD.doctorsmustpaymoneytothebanks

3.Onewaytolowerthecostofmedicalcarewouldbe____.

A.nottoseeadoctorB.topaydoctorslessmoney

C.toletmedicalstudentshavefreeorpartlyfreemedicaleducation

D.toforbiddoctorstoasktheirpatientsfortoomuchmoney

4.Themainideaofthearticleisthat__.

A.avisittoadoctor'sofficemaycostasmuchas$15to$50intheUnitedStates

B.thecostofmedicalcareisthemainreasonforthehighcostsintheUnitedStates

C.medicalcareintheUnitedStatescostsalotofmoneybecausedoctorswanttoberich

D.thehighcostoftuitioninmedicalschoolsisonereasonforthehighcostofmedicalcarein

America

5.ThecostofmedicalcareintheUnitedStatesisveryhigh.Whatdoesthewriterthinkaboutit?

A.Heagreesthatdoctorsareoverpaid.

B.Hethinksitabigproblemandsuggestsawaytosettleit.

C.Hedoesn'tthinkthemedicalstudentsshouldborrowmoneyfrombanks.

D.Hedoesn'tthinkitnecessaryforthemedicalstudentstostudyforalongtime.

10

Youwillhavealotofreadingtodointhisgradethisyear.Youcandomoreofitinlesstimeifyou

learntoreadrapidly.

Perhapsyouhavebeentoldaboutsomehabits（习惯）whichkeepapersonfromreadingfastand

havebeenstronglyaskedtobreakthosehabitswhichyoumighthave.

Doyoustillhaveanyofthesebadhabits?Checkyourselfbyanswering“yes”or“no”tothese

questions.

（1）Doyoumoveyourlips（嘴唇）whenreadingsilently?

（2）Doyoupointtowordswithyo