江苏省南通等苏北六市2021届高三第一次调研英语试题（解析版）

南通等苏北六市2021届高三第一次调研测试

英语2021.02.23

注意事项

1.答题前，请您务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，请

用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡

上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题L5分,满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对

话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下•小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

I.Whatistheweatherlikeaccordingtotheman?

A.Clear.B.Cloudy.C.Rainy.

2.Whatdoesthemanmean?

A.Hewantstokeepthechair.

B.Hecanmakeatableforthewoman.

C.Theydon'thaveenoughroomfornewfurniture.

3.Whatsportarethespeakerswatching?

A.Skating.B.Football.C.Gymnastics.

4.Whoistheprimarytargetaudiencefortheman'sbooks?

A.Teachers.B.Teenagers.C.Primaryschoolstudents.

5.Wherearethespeakers?

A.Inalibrary.B.Inabookstore.C.Inaclassroom.

第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳

选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的

作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6.Whatmakesthewomandifferenttoday?

A.Hershoes.B.Herdress.C.Herbag.

7.Whatcoloristhewoman'sbag?

A.Blue.B.Red.C.Yellow.

听第7段材料，回答第8至9题

8.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Friends.B.Co-workers.C.Familymembers.

9.Howdoesthewomanfeelabouttherobot?

A.Curious.B.Excited.C.Uncertain.

听第8段材料回答第10至12题

10.Whattimeisit?

A.7:00a.m.B.9:00a.m.C.11:00a.m.

11.Whataretheplansfor?

A.Anewhouse.B.Anewbridge.C.Anewofficebuilding.

12.WhatwillthemantaketoMike?

A.Acupoftea.B.Acupofcoffee.C.Aglassofjuice.

听第9段材料向发第13至16题。

13.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?

A.Seasons.B.Photography.C.Socialmedia.

14.Howmanylikeshastheman'sphotohad?

A.100.B.150.C.850.

15.Whatistheman'smainreasonfortakingphotos?

A.Towinawards.B.Toearnaliving.C.Toshowpeopleheknows.

16.Whatdoesthemanwantforhisbirthday?

A.Ahat.B.Acamera.C.Aphotograph.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17.Whatisthespeakerannouncing?

A.Heisleavingtheteam.

B.Hehassignedanewplay.

C.HeissellingtheclubtonewOwners.

18.Whereisthesoccerteambased?

A.InAmerica.B.InEngland.C.InCanada.

19.Whathasthespeakerbeenaskedtodo?

A.Drawuptrainingplansfortheteam.

B.Writealistofnewcoaches.

C.Pickanewplayer.

20.Howdoesthespeakerfeel?

A.Proud.B.Guilty.C.Sad.

【答案】1-5：ACBBA6-10：ACBCC11-15：BCBBC16-20：AACBA

【解析】听力原文

Text1

W:Besuretowearajacket.Ithought1heardthunderearlier.

M:ThatmusthavejustbeenDadshuttingthedoor.There'snotacloudinthesky.

Text2

W:Myfriendhasstartedmakingfurnitureofwood.Iwasthinkingaboutorderinganewtable2fromher.

M:Wedon'thaveanyspace.Ifyouwantatable,youneedtosellthosechairsthatweneveruse.

Text3

M:Thatwasahorribletackle.Idon'tunderstandwhyhewasn'tshownaredcardandmarchedstraightoff.

W:Ithinkitwasfine.Hegottheball.Theotherplayerdivedandmadeitlookworse.

Text4

W:SoyouwritewhatiscommonlyknownasYoungAdultliterature.

M:Yes.Imeanallagescanenjoymybooks,butit'sprimarilyaimedatpeopleinhighschool.

Text5

W:Ohhey!It'slatefbryoutobehere—workingonthetermpaper?

M:Yes,it'sduesosoon,soI'vebeenheresinceclassended.Andyou?

W:I'mlookingforacoupleofbooks,andIalsohavetoreturnthisone.

Text6

M:Ilikeyourdress.Isitnew?

W:Youobviouslyhaven'tbeenwatchingme.I'vebeenwearingitfbrweeks.

M:Well,somethingisdifferent.

W:Trymybag.

M:Isityourbag?

W:No.

M:Ah,Iknownow.Ididn'tlookatyourfeet.

W:Doyoulikethem?

M:Ido.Shoeslikethatareinfashion,aren'tthey?Andtheyellowmatchesyourdress.

W:Andmybag,forthatmatter.

M:Yes.You'relikearayofsunshine.That'swhyInoticedyou.Youstandoutfromalltheredsandbluesaround

here.W:Ifyoucan'tdresslikethisinthesummer,whencanyoudoit?

Text7

M:Haveyoumetthenewteammember?

W:Yes,Ican'tbelievetheyreplacedGarywitharobot.

M:Imean,it'sverycute,butdotheyhonestlythinkamachinecandothejobbetterthanahuman?

W:Iknow.Iwouldunderstandifitwaslaborlikeworkinginafactory,buthowcanitreplaceanaccountant?

M:Iwonderifthisisajoke,likeoneofthoseTVshowswithhiddencameras.

W:Unfortunately,ifsdefinitelyreal.Iwonderwhowillbenextforthechange.

M:Well,Ican'tseethemreplacingyou.Robotscan'twriteverywell.

W:Yousaythatnow,butwhoknows,maybetheywillsoon.MysisterworksfbranAIcompany.

M:Soshe'stoblame.W:Honestly,someofthethingsshetellsmearescary.

Text8

W:Aretheythenewplansfromthearchitects?

M:Yes,theyjustarrivedat9:00a.m.

W:Thatwastwohoursago!

M:Nobodytoldmewhattodowiththem.

W:Sorry.CanyoutakethemstraighttoMike?Theyweremeanttobehereyesterdaybeforenoon.

M:Isheokay?Iheardhewasangryandshoutedatoneoftheemployeesearlier.

W:Hewasjustunderasignificantamountofstress.Usuallywebuildhousesorofficeblocks,butlandingthis

contracttobuildabridgeisabigdealforus.

M:Iimaginethefactthatitisconnectingtwocountriesonlyaddstothat.

W:Exactly.It'sbeingcalledasteptowardspeaceinthepress,soheneedstomakesurethebridgeisasymbolfor

thatpeace.

M:Inthatcase,I'lltakehimacupofteaalongwiththeplans.

W:Iwouldn'tbother.Hehasgivenuptea.Coffeetoo.He'llprobablyappreciatesomefruitjuice,though.

M:Saynomore.Theresomeorangejuiceinthefridge.

Text9

W:Ilovethecolorsofautumn.Alltheleavesturnorangeandyellowandred.

M:Yes,Igotagreatphotoyesterday.150peoplelikeditandnearly100peoplesharedit.DoesthatmeanI'm

famousonsocialmedia?

W:Unfortunatelynot.Arecentstudysaidyouhavetoget1,000peopletolikeyourpostsonlineforyoutobe

consideredacelebrity.

M:Ohwell,only850away!

W:Isthatmainlywhyyoutakepictures?

M:What?No,no,Ijustliketosharethem,somyfriendsandfamilycanseethem.Ifotherpeoplelikethem,thafs

abonus.

W:Haveyoueverthoughtaboutdoingitprofessionally?

M:No,butIhavesubmittedsomepicturestocompetitionsandwon.

W:That'samazing.Youhaveareallygoodeye.Ican'twaittoseewhatyoushootinwinterwhenitsnows.

M:Tilprobablygetacold.LastyearItooklotsofnightphotosbutwasveryill.

W:Soundslikeyoushouldinvestinawarmhatthen.

M:ThankfullymybirthdayisinNovember,soI'lladdittomylist.

Text10

M:I'msadtosaythattoday'smatchwillbethelastoneItakechargeof.IthasbeenanhonorguidingToronto

FCoverthelasttwoseasons.IwanttothanktheownersforputtingtheirtrustinanEnglishmantocometoCanada

andmakeanimpactinarelativelynewleague.IwanttothanktheUnitedStatesSoccerFederationfortaking

MajorLeagueSoccerfromstrengthtostrength,buildingahugefanbasearoundtheworld.Myreasonsforleaving

havenothingtodowiththeclub,butratherpersonalreasons.MyfamilyhavebeenmissingmeandIalsomiss

them,andInowfeelitisagoodtimetosaygoodbye.Iwasputateasewhilemakingmydecisionwhentheowners

askedtodrawupashortlistofreplacements,asIleaveknowingthatwhoevertheychoose,youwillbeingood

hands.Tomyplayers,thankyouforgivingmeyourallfor90minutesduringeverygame.Therehavebeenhighs

andlows,butyouhavebeenstarsthroughoutitall,andIwillcontinuetowatchyoufromacrossthepond.Andto

Ryan,mycaptain,mayyoucontinuetoleadthisteamtothevictorytheydeserve.

第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题:每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

Callforentries:youngwomenwriterscompetition

GuardianWeekendmagazineislaunchingawritingcompetitionforUKwomenaged16-21onthethemeof

conversations.

Howtoenter

Allyouhavetodoissubmita700-wordpersonalessaythatshowsoffyourtalents---onthethemeof

conversations.Didyouhaveanunforgettableconversationwithyourgrandmotheraboutheryouththatchanged

howyouviewedher?Doyoufindhavingcertainconversationsreallyhard,andifso,why?Isthereaconversation

youregret,oroneyouregretyouneverhad?We'rekeentohearaboutyourpersonalexperiences.

Allentriesmustbesenttoweekend@thebymidnighton9March.

ThePrizes

Therewillbeonewinnerandtworunners-up.Thethreewinnerswilleachreceive£250.Thewinnerswillbe

notified（通知）byemailortelephoneonorbefore30March2021andgivendetailsofhowtoclaimtheirprizes.

Aspartoftheendingprocess,thethreewinnerswillparticipateinavideocallwithaGuardianWeekendeditorto

discussandedittheiressayforpublication.Theoneoverallwinnerwillalsoreceivea1-1workshopwitha

Guardianeditor.

Rules

Followallrulescarefullytopreventdisqualification.

Onlyoneentryispermittedperperson.Entriesonbehalfofanotherpersonwillnotbeacceptedandjoint

submissionarenotallowed.

TheCompetitionopensat09:00on22February2021andclosesat23:59on9March2021.Entriesreceived

outsidethistimeperiodwillnotbeconsidered.

Yourentrymustnotbecopied,andmustnotcontainanythird-partymaterialsorcontentthatyoudonothave

permissiontouse.

Youmustincludeyourname,ageandcontactdetails,includingyouremailaddressandphonenumber.

21.What'sthethemeofthewritingcompetition?

A.Regrets.B.Conversations.C.Grandmother'syouth.D.Personalexperiences.

【题源】https://www.theguardian.coiTi/media/2020/oct/22/call-for-entries-young-black-writers-coiTipetition

【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一则针对青年女性的写作比赛的征稿通知，包含了稿件的

要求、规定及奖项设置。

【答案】B

【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一句末尾“onthethemeofconversations"可知，这次比赛的主题为

conversationso故选B。

22.Whatextraprizewilltheoverallwinnerreceive?

A.Anadditional£250.B.Avideoofthecompetition

C.Apriornotificationofthewin.D.A1-1workshopwithaneditor.

【答案】D

【解析】细节理解题。根据"ThePrizes”部分最后一句Theoneoverallwinnerwillalsoreceivea1-1workshop

withaGuardianeditor.可知，全场总冠军获得的额外的奖励为a1-1workshopwithaneditoro故选Do

23.Whichofthefollowingwillresultindisqualification?

A.Co-authoringanentry.B.Includingcontactdetails.

C.Mailingyourentryon1March.D.Usingothers1contentwithpermission.

【答案】A

【解析】细节理解题。根据Rules部分Onlyoneentryispemiittedperperson.可知，一篇参赛作品只能对应

一位作者，所以合著一篇参赛作品会导致不合规。故选A。

【词汇积累】entryn.参赛作品submitv.提交；呈递claimv.索取，索要disqualificationn.不

合格；取消资格onbehalfof代表…jointadj.联合的；共同的

【长难句分析】Didyouhaveanunforgettableconversationwithyourgrandmotheraboutheryouththatchanged

howyouviewedher?

句意：你是否和你的祖母有过一次难忘的关于她年轻时的谈话，那次谈话改变了你对她的看法？

分析：此处that引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词conversation,在定语从句中作主语。

B

In1991,KeithWhitewasatthecentreofa14-vehiclepile-upwhenatruckcrossedthecentralreservationand

hitthevaninwhichhewasapassenger.Whitesurvived,buthisleftarmwascrushedbeyondrepair,andhelosthis

memoryfortwoyears.

Hispilotlicensewasremovedandhecouldnolongerfollowhispassionfordiving.Buthehadbeensailing

sincehewas16andso,in2004,hedecidedtobuyaboat,fittingitoutsohecouldsailitsingle-handedly.’，didn*t

knowatthatpointifIcouldsailwithonehand.nhesays."ButatthebackofmymindIhadalwaysthoughtIcould

doanythingifIputmymindtoit.”

Withinayear,Whitehadtakenonthechallengeofbeingthefirstone-armedsailortocircumnavigate（环航）

theBritishIsles.ThenhecrossedtheAtlanticalonein2008.Lastyearhebecamethefirstsailorwithadisabilityto

circumnavigatetheglobe.

Sailingsingle-handedforweeksrequiresmental,aswellasphysical,strength,especiallywhenyouarealone.

Sohowdoeshedoit?Ifsaquestionthatmakestheyyachtsman（帆船运动员）laugh.MWhenyouhaveseven

childrenit'slovelytohavealittletimeonyourown!It'sawesome,“hejokes."Idoalogeveryhour,andmydiary,

andIreadafewbooks.Ihaveverylittlesleep."'T'masociableperson:Idolikelotsofpeoplearound.Answering

emailsandchattingoverFacebookcanhelpstopanyloneliness,'1headds.

WhenWhitemadehisfirstAtlanticcrossing,hewasdisappointedtohavehispeaceandquietbrokenbyhis

arrivalonland.But,hesays,hethrewhimselfintomeetingnewpeople.Inbetweenadventures,helikessailing

withpeoplewhohaven'ttrieditbeforeorgetinvolvedinyachtraceswithfriends.Perhapsthemainreasonforhis

successinadjustingtolifeafterabigadventure,hesays,isthathealwayshasanideaforanewoneinhisback

pocket.'ltkeepsmetickingover-there'salwayssomethingnewtodo.Ijustlikechallengesandoneleadsto

another.”

24.Whycouldn'tWhitecontinuehispassionfordiving?

A.Helosthisleftarm.

B.Hislicensewasdue.

C.Hehadanewhobby.

D.Hismemorywaspoor.

［题源］/lifeandstyle/2016/aug/31/i-didnt-know-whether-i-could-sail-with-one-hand

【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了White尽管因事故残疾，仍积极向上从事帆船运动，热衷

新的冒险和挑战的励志故事。

【答案】A

【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一二段内容可知，White在事故中失去左臂，这导致他的飞行执照被撤

销并且无法继续他对潜水的热情。故选A。

25.HowdidWhitespendhistimeatsea?

A.Bystayingawake.

B.Byvisitingoldfriends.

C.Bykeepinghimselfbusy.

D.Byattendinghischildren.

【答案】C

【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第四段内容可知，他在航行过程中会做许多事情来保持良好的心理状态，

即保持忙碌。故选C。

26.WhatmainlyleadstoWhite'ssuccessfi.iladjustmenttolifeafterabigadventure?

A.Socializingwithnewpeople.B.Schedulingnewadventure.

C.Coachingnewyachtsmen.D.Organizingyachtraces.

【答案】B

【解析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Perhapsthemainreasonforhissuccessinadjustingtolifeafterabig

adventure,hesays,isthathealwayshasanideaforanewoneinhisbackpocket.可知，White在一次大冒险之后

能适应生活的主要原因是他总是为自己安排新的冒险和挑战。故选Be

27.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesKeithWhite?

A.Creative.B.Humorous.C.Easy-going.D.Adventurous.

【答案】D

【解析】推理判断题。文章主要描绘和凸显了White尽管残疾仍然挑战帆船运动，并且总是为自己的生活

安排全新的冒险和挑战的形象，从而可以推断出，他是一个具有冒险精神的人。故选D。

【词汇积累】reservationn.预定，预约；保留地takeonthechallenge接受挑战adjustto..适应tick

over慢吞吞地工作；进行缓慢

【长难句分析】Perhapsthemainreasonlorhissuccessinadjustingtolifeafterabigadventure,hesays,isthathe

alwayshasanideaforanewoneinhisbackpocket.

句意：他说，在经历了一场大冒险后，他之所以能成功适应生活，主要原因可能是他总能想出一个新点子。

分析：此处that为表语从句；hesays为插入语。

C

Anafternoonnap（午睡）isoneofthejoysoflife,althoughtoomuchnappingcouldsignalallisnotwell.In

somecultures,peoplewillhaveadailynap-thisisfine.Thewarningcomeswhenpeoplestartsleepingduringthe

daytime,whentheydidnotbefore.Thereiscertainlyagoodreasontobelievethatdaytimesleepiness---asinthe

Alzheimersstudy-canbeamarkerofanunderlyingcondition.

Formostpeople,nappingduringthedayismainlyasignthatyouarenotgettingenoughsleepatnight,says

DrNeilStanley,asleepexpert."Ifyoufeelsleepyduringtheday,youshouldthinkabouttakinganap.Thatiswhat

thebodyneeds—itdoesn'tneedtobekeptawakewithcaffeine,itneedssleep."Thefeelingtonoticeis“sleepiness”,

hesays,nottiredness”,whichcouldbemorepsychologicalandlinkedtostress.

Sohowdoyounapwell?Thekeything,saysStanley,ishowlongyournaplasts.Chooseeithera20-or

90-mintutenap."Whenyoufallasleep,you'Hquicklygothroughthelighterstagesofsleepintoyourfirstperiodof

deepsleep.Youdon'twanttowakeupindeepsleepbecausethat'swhenyouwakeandfeelworsethanyoudid

before.Nappingfor20minutesmeansyouwillwakeupbeforeyougointodeepsleep;nappingfor90minutes

meansyou'llcompleteasleepcycle.

Onceyoufactorinthetimeittakestofallasleep-somepeoplearebetteratnappingthanothersbut,says

Stanley,<4ahealthyadultwillfallasleepinbetween5and12minutes^^-youcansetanalarm,allowinga30-to

40-minuteperiodforashortnap,anduptotwohoursfbralongerone.

Agoodtimetonapisduringthebody'snaturaldipintheafternoon,between2pmand4pm/'Youdon*treally

wanttobenappingmuchpastthatbecausethenyouaregoingtobeeatingintoyournight-timesleep,'Stanleysays.

Thepoint,hestresses,istogetgoodnight-timesleep,whichwouldensureyouprobablydon'tneedtonapatall.

28.Whatdoesanafternoonnapindicateformostpeople?

A.Caffeineaddiction.B.Psychologicalstress.C.Insufficientnightsleep.D.Potentialphysicalillness.

【题源】

/lifeandstyle/shortcuts/2019/aug/13/afternoon-delight-how-to-have-successful-nap

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了提高打盹质量的一些建议。

【答案】C

【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段第一句Formostpeople,nappingduringthedayismainlyasignthatyou

arenotgettingenoughsleepatnight.可知，对于绝大多数人而言白天打盹意味着晚上睡眠不足。故选Co

29.Whatisthekeytoagoodnap?

A.Duration.B.Surroundings.C.Health.D.Stages.

【答案】A

［解析］细节理解题。根据文章第三段第一句Thekeything,saysStanley,ishowlongyournaplasts.可知，决

定打盹质量的是其延续的时间。故选A。

30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"that^inthelastparagraphreferto?

A.A30-to40-minuteperiod.B.Between2pmand4pm.

C.Between5and12minutes.D.A20-to90-minuteperiod.

【答案】B

【解析】代词指代题。根据上文说的是下午最佳的午睡时间段是2・4点，而题干句说的是不要超过某个时间

段，从而可知，此处that就是指这个最佳时间段。故选B。

31.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.WhytophaseanapB.Whentotakeagoodnap

C.Whattolearnfromanap.D.Howtohaveasuccessfulnap

【答案】D

【解析】主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了如何提高打盹的质量以及给出了持续时间和最佳时间段，从而可知，

如何成功地打盹适合作文章标题。故选D。

【词汇积累】underlyingadj.根本的；潜在的；隐含的belinkedto...与…有关factorin把…因素包括进

来gothrough经历

【长难句分析］Thepoint,hestresses,istogetgoodnight-timesleep,whichwouldensureyouprobablydon'tneed

tonapatall.

句意：他强调说，关键是要有良好的夜间睡眠，这样你可能根本不需要午睡。

分析：此处which引导非限制性定语从句；hestresses为插入语。

D

Thereismorethatcomeswitholderagethangreyinghairandwrinkledskin.Whenhumansreachtheirlater

years,theyfavourmoreestablishedfriendsandtheirsocialcircleisreduced.

Now,forwhatappearstobethefirsttime,scientistshaveseenthesamebehaviourinanotherspecies.Twenty

yearsofobservationsofchimpanzees（猩猩）revealthatoldermaleschoosetohangoutwiththeirlong-termfriends

attheexpenseofotherrelationships.

Theresearchersstudied78,000hoursofobservationsmadebetween1996and2016thatfollowedthesocial

interactionsof21malechimpanzeesbetweentheagesof15and58yearsold.Theyclassifiedthechimps'

relationshipsdependingontheamountoftimetheysatwithothersandgroomed（梳毛）them.Theythenratedthe

variouspairingsasmutual（相互的）friendships,wherebothchimpsseemedtoenjoytherelationship;one-sided

friendships,whereonechimpwasmorekeentobefriendsthantheother;andnon-friendships,whereneitherchimp

showedinterestintheother.

Whenthescientistslookedatthepatternsoffriendships,theyfoundthattheolderchimpshadmoremutual

friendshipsandfewerone-sidedfriendshipsthanyoungerchimps.Anotherfeatureseeninolderhumanswasalso

spottedinthechimps.Asthemalesgotolder,theirlevelsofaggression（挑衅）tailedoff,meaningtheystartedfewer

fightsandtendedtointimidateothersintheirgrouplessoften.

Theobservationshavelefttheresearcherspuzzled.Accordingtoanideainpsychologyknownas

socioemotionalselectivitytheory,orSST,olderhumansprefermorepositiverelationshipsbecausetheyareaware

timeisrunningout.Butmanyanimalexpertsarguethatchimpanzeeslackthehumansenseofmortality（死亡）,

suggestingsomethingelseisdrivingthebehaviour.

RobinDunbar,aprofessorofevolutionarypsychologyattheUniversityofOxford,saidinhumans,thedecline

insocialcircleswithageisduetodecliningsocialmotivationtogetoutandmeetpeoplecombinedbylackof

opportunity.Inchimpanzees,asoldermalescompetelessfbrmates,theymayfocusonclose,reciprocal（互惠的）

relationshipswithtrustedpartners,shesaid.

32.Whatdooldermalechimpanzeesfavour?

A.Oldfriendships.B.Newbonds.C.Greyinghair.D.Wrinkledskin.

【题源】

/science/2020/oct/22/chimps-pare-down-their-social-circle-in-later-years-study

【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章讲的是人类和猩猩随着年龄的变大从而表现出的共同特征--更注重稳

固的社交圈。

【答案】A

【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段和第二段内容可知，第一段说的是人类随着年龄增长，更在意身边

牢固的朋友关系，社交圈会缩小；第二段说的是猩猩和人类在这点上一样，从而可知，年龄大的雄性猩獴

喜欢I口情。故选A。

33.Howdidtheresearchersdrawtheirconclusionaboutchimpanzees?

A.Byturningtootherscientists.B.Byintroducinganewconcept.

C.Byformingrelationshipswiththem.D.Byanalyzingtwodecades'observations.

【答案】D

【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段第一句Theresearchersstudied78,000hoursofobservationsmadebetween

1996and2016thatfollowedthesocialinteractionsof21malechimpanzeesbetweentheagesof15and58years

old,可知，研究人员通过二十年以来的观察得出关于猩猩的结论。故选D。

34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword''intimidate"inParagraph5mean?

A.Threaten.B.Motivate.C.Defend.D.Accompany.

【答案】A

【解析】词义猜测题。根据划线词所在句可知，猩猩的攻击性水平下降，会更少的发动打斗，可见同样更

少做的事情也是具有攻击性的事情，如威胁。故选A。

35.AccordingtoRobinDunbar,whataccountsfordecliningsocialcirclesinchimpanzees?

A.Awarenessoftime.B.Lesscompetitionformates.

C.Lowmotivationforsocialization.D.Lackofthehumansenseofmortality.

【答案】B

【解析】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段倒数第二行Inchimpanzees,asoldermalescompetelessformates,they

mayfocusonclose,reciprocalrelationshipswithtrustedpartners,shesaid.可知I,争夺配偶的竞争减少是黑猩猩社

交圈衰退的原因。故选B。

【词汇积累】wrinkledadj.有皱纹的attheexpenseof以…为代价classifyv.分类tailoff变少；

缩小

【长难句分析】Butmanyanimalexpertsarguethatchimpanzeeslackthehumansenseofmortality,suggesting

somethingelseisdrivingthebehaviour.

句意：但许多动物专家认为，黑猩猩缺乏人类的死亡意识，这表明有其他因素驱动着这种行为。

分析：that引导宾语从句，作动词argue的宾语；suggesting为现在分词作状语。

第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Mostpeopleknowhowtomanage,express,andcopewithemotioninahealthyway.36Infact,

knowinghowtoregulateemotionsisimportantforeveryone.Butwhatisemotionregulation,andhowcanyou

improveyouremotionregulationskills?

37Manyresearchersviewemotionregulationastheabilitytoenhanceorreduceyouremotionsas

needed.Othersdefineitasasetofskillsthathelpkeepyouremotionalsystemhealthyandfunctioning.Wecanlearn

toadjustwhatemotionwehave,howintenseitis,whenwehaveit,andhowwereacttoit.'Thedefiningaspectof

emotionregulationisthatitoccurswhenagoalisactivated.

Goalsarehighlyindividual.They'vewhatwepictureinourheads.Yourgoalscanbeactivatedbyyour

environment.Youmayregulateyouremotionstoinfluenceachangeinsomeoneelse.38Forinstance,

whenyourbosstreatsyoupoorlyatwork,youactasifitdoesn*tbotheryoubecauseyou'rehopingforajob

promotion.

Mindfulnessisthepracticeofbeingpresentinthemoment.Mindfulpeoplelearntobeawareofthebreaths

theytake,thetensionintheirmuscles,andeventheirpulserates.Theycanobjectivelyobservethemselvesin

difficultmoments,confidentthateventhesetimeswillpass.39

Inandofthemselves,emotionsarenotgoodorbad,thoughtheymaybescary,especiallywhenthey're

intense.40Butthemoreyoudoit,themorenaturalitbecomes.Mindfulnessskillscanhelpwiththistoo.

A.Leaminghowtoacceptyouremotionstakespractice.

B.Beingmindfulcanhelpyoutodealwithyouremotions.

C.Thereisnooneagreed-upondefinitionofemotionregulation.

D.Emotionregulationgoalsvarystronglyfromsituationtosituation.

E.Forsomepeople,though,emotionregulationismuchmoredifficult.

F.Emotionregulationreferstotheabilitytocontrolone'sownemotions.

G.Sometimesyoumayregulateyouremotionstoachieveanotherendgoal.

［题源］/emotion-regulation-skills-training-425374

【语篇解读】这是•篇说明文。文章主要介绍了情绪管理的重要性及其内涵。

36.【答案】E【解析】上句说大多数人都知道如何以一种健康的方式管理、表达和处理情绪，下句表

达作者的观点，即事实上，知道如何调节情绪对每个人来说都很重要。从而可知，空格及其上句主要描述

现象,E项符合语境，somepeople与上文mostpeople对应,know...inahealthyway与muchmoredifficult

相对应。故选E。

37.【答案】C【解析】空格处为段落主题句、总领全段，其后面主要描述了对情绪管理的两种看法：

一些人认为它是根据需要增强或减少情绪，另一部分人认为它是帮助情绪系统健康稳定的技巧。可知对情

绪管理的定义并未达成一致观点，C项符合语境。故选C。

38.【答案】G【解析】空格处后面为举例内容：当你的老板对你很不好，但是你仍然没有表现地很恼

火，因为你想要升职。可知例子前面是作者的观点。G项符合语境，不仅阐明了某种情绪管理的目标，且

内容与举例相符。故选G。

39.【答案】B【解析】本段主要介绍了心静对情绪管理的作用。B项进一步陈述心静的作用，且B项

中的mindful与前面mindful呼应。故选B。

40.【答案】A【解析】上文说当人们害怕或紧张时，他们的情绪状况并不好。空格后又说你做的越多，

就越自然。A项符合语境，表示指情绪管理的某种方式，学习如何接受你的情绪需要练习。故选A。

【词汇积累】copewith应付，处理regulatev.（用规则条例）约束，控制，管理activatev.使活动；

激活objectivelyadv.客观地

【长