云南省昆明市西山区2023-2024学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题（含答案解析）

2023～2024学年高二年级上学期期末考试英语试题卷(本试卷共8页;考试时间120分钟，满分150分)注意事项：1.本卷为试题卷。考生解题作答必须在答题卷(答题卡)上。答案书写在答题卷(答题卡)相应位置上(不能改动答题卡上的标题题号)，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。2.考试结束后，请将试题卷和答题卷(答题卡)一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whyisthemantakingaplasticbagonhiswalk?A.Todosomeshopping.B.Topickupafterthedog.C.Tocarrysometoysforthedog.2.Whatsportsarethespeakersdoing?A.Skating.B.Running.C.Swimming.3.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Getabottleofwine.B.LookforherIDcard.C.Showherbirthdaygift.4.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Feedbirdsathome.B.Lookforherseatatthefronthall.C.Watchthemanperformattheconcert.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Terry’swedding.B.Thewoman’sfamily.C.Theman’sschoollife.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatdoesthemanadmireaboutthewoman?A.Hertoughness.B.Herappearance.C.Herintelligence.7.Whenisthewoman’snextmeeting?A.Tomorrowmorning.B.Thisafternoon.C.Thisevening.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.WhydidthewomangotoJapan?A.Totakeatrip.B.Toworkthere.C.Tovisitherfamily.9.Wheredoesthemanwork?A.Inashop.B.Inabank.C.Inarestaurant.10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Familymembers.B.Friends.C.Co-workers.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whenwillthemanbefine?A.OnMonday.B.OnFriday.C.OnSaturday.12WhatdoesthewomansayaboutMichigan?·A.Theyareweak.B.TheybeatIowa.C.Theywillhaveatoughtime.13.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Stayinbed.B.Seeadoctor.C.Watchsometapes.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Howdoesthemansoundthroughouttheconversation?A.Enthusiastic.B.Indifferent.C.Surprised.15.Whatwouldthespeakers’kidsloveaboutthehouse?A.Ithasmanybedrooms.B.Ithasalotoffurniture.C.Ithasabiglivingroom.16.Howmanycupboardsarethereinthehouse?A.One.B.Two.C.Three.17.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodonext?A.Seethehouse.B.Moveintothehouse.C.Findmoreinformationaboutthehouse.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Wheredoesthespeakergivethetalk?A.Atabirthdayparty.B.Atagoodbyeparty.C.Ataretirementceremony.19.WhatdothestudentsthinkofMissBrown?A.Sheisfriendlybutstrict.B.Sheisseriousandboring.C.Sheishumorousandpatient.20.Whoisthespeaker?A.Aparent.B.Ateacher.C.Astudent.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AGooglePlaycrownsitsbest3appsGooglePlayreleaseditsbest3appsof2023Awards.Thewinnerscoverarangeofdifferentfunctions,includinglearningvisually,travelingagalaxyinarole-playingvideogame,andstreamingmusic.Imprint:LearnVisuallyTheImprintapphelpslearnerslearnabouttheworld’smostimportantessentialtopics.Theapphasmillionsofcourseswithdifferenttopicssuchaspsychology,philosophy,history,finance,business,science,andmore.Italsohaslessonstohelpyourownpersonalgrowth.Togetstarted,usersgetaseven-dayfreetrial.Oncethetrialexpires,userswillhavetosignupforasubscriptionof$15.99permonthor$100peryeartoaccessthefullcontentcatalog.Honkai:StarRailItisaspacefantasyrole-playgamingappwhoseimpressivegraphics,immersivegameplay,andcinematicanimationearnedittheBestiPhoneGameoftheYearaward.Inthegameplay,userswillgetthechancetoexploredifferentworldsandcivilizationswhileridingacrossthegalaxy.Thegameencouragesplayerstospendrealmoneyoncharacters,extraresources,andfasterexperience.SpotifyTheSpotifyapphasbeenaleaderinthemusic-streamingmarketforyears,dominatingthemarketwith574millionusersand226millionsubscribers.Somefeaturesthathavehelpedtheappearnitsplaceincludespeciallyselectedplaylists,theabilitytolistentomillionsofsongsforfree,andawonderfullisteningexperience,regardlessofwhetheryouhaveaniPhoneoranAndroid.1.HowmuchdoyoupayforusingImprintfor7days?A.$0. B.$15.99. C.$100. D.$700.2.Whichappwouldavideogameaddictdownload?A.Google. B.Imprint. C.Honkai. D.Spotify.3.WhatdoImprintandSpotifyhaveincommon?A.Theyhavevariouscourses. B.Theyprovidemillionsofsongs.C.Theyhavepersonalgrowthlessons. D.Theyprovidesomefreeexperience.【答案】1.A2.C3.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了GooglePlay评选出的3款最佳应用。【1题详解】细节理解题。由文章Imprint:LearnVisually部分中“Togetstarted,usersgetaseven-dayfreetrial.Oncethetrialexpires,userswillhavetosignupforasubscriptionof$15.99permonthor$100peryeartoaccessthefullcontentcatalog.(用户可以免费试用7天。一旦试用期结束，用户将不得不每月支付15.99美元或每年支付100美元的订阅费来访问完整的内容目录。)”可知，用户可以免费试用7天。故选A。【2题详解】推理判断题。由文章Honkai:StarRail部分中“Itisaspacefantasyrole-playgamingappwhoseimpressivegraphics,immersivegameplay,andcinematicanimationearnedittheBestiPhoneGameoftheYearaward.(这是一款太空奇幻角色扮演游戏应用，其令人印象深刻的图像、沉浸式游戏玩法和电影动画为其赢得了年度最佳iPhone游戏奖。)”可知，电子游戏迷会下载Honkai。故选C。【3题详解】推理判断题。由文章Imprint:LearnVisually部分中“Togetstarted,usersgetaseven-dayfreetrial.(用户可以免费试用7天。)”、文章Spotify部分中“theabilitytolistentomillionsofsongsforfree(免费收听数百万首歌曲的能力)”可知，二者都提供一些免费体验。故选D。BInmanyregionsofGhana,itcantakehourstogettothenearesthospital.Asaresult,manypeoplelosetheirlivestotreatableillnesses.OseiBoatengexperiencedthispersonallywhenhelosthisgrandmotherandaunt.Feelinganurgentcalltohelp,BoatengdecidedhewouldmakeithislifemissiontobringhealthcaretoremotecommunitiesinGhana.Boatengstartedhisnonprofit,OKBHopeFoundation2yearsago,heconvertedavan(厢式货车)intoamobiledoctor’sofficeandstartedbringinghealthcaredirectlytothoseinneed.Afewtimesaweek,themobileclinicandmedicalteamtravellongdistancetoremotecommunitiesinGhanaandprovidefreeroutinemedicalcare.Oneachtrip,Boateng’steamconsistsofanurse,aphysician’sassistant,adoctor,andanoperationassistant.Inthevan,theycanrunbasiclabslikebloodworkaswellasprescribeandprovidemedications.“It’slikeaone-stopshopforpeople,”saidBoateng,addingthatmostofthepeopletheyseehaveonehealthissueoranother.Sinceitslaunch,BoatengsaystheHopeHealthVanhasservedmorethan4,000Ghanaiansacrossmorethan45ruralcommunitieswhootherwisedon’thaveeasilyaccessiblemedicalcare.Boatenghasbigplansforthefuture.Hehopestoexpandtoprovidemoreconsistentandhigh-qualitymobilemedicalcarenotonlytothoselivinginremoteareasofGhanabutinothercountriesaswell.BoatenghasgoneallinonhisOKBHopeFoundation,recentlyquittinghisjobtodedicatehistimetobringinghealthcaretohishomecountry.Butforhim,thesacrificesarewellworththereward.“Wordscannotdescribethefeelingthatyougetprovidingcareforsomeonewhootherwisewouldn’tbealiveifyourmobilehealthvanwasn’tthere.”4.WhatdoweknowaboutOseiBoateng?A.HefoundedOKBHopeFoundation.B.Helosthislifetotreatableillnesses.C.Hebuilthospitalstomakegreatfortune.D.Helosthisgrandmotherinthehospital.5.WhatisspecialabouttheHopeHealthVan?A.Ithasonlyanurseandadoctor. B.It’safreemobilemedicalteam.C.It’samobileone-stopgroceryshop. D.Patientstravellongdistancestoit.6.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribestheimpactofOKBHopeFoundation?ATemporary. B.Predictable. C.Far-reaching. D.Negative.7Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.RescuingGhana B.MobileClinicSavesLivesC.BeAGoodDoctor D.ChangingLocalHospitals【答案】4.A5.B6.C7.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Boateng开办OKBHopeFoundation，通过移动诊所的形式拯救生命的原因，以及该基金会的影响。【4题详解】细节理解题。由文章第二段中“Boatengstartedhisnonprofit,OKBHopeFoundation2yearsago(两年前，OseiBoateng创办了他的非营利组织OKBHopeFoundation)”可知，他创立了OKBHopeFoundation。故选A。【5题详解】细节理解题。由文章第二段中“Afewtimesaweek,themobileclinicandmedicalteamtravellongdistancetoremotecommunitiesinGhanaandprovidefreeroutinemedicalcare.(流动诊所和医疗队每周几次长途跋涉前往加纳的偏远社区，提供免费的常规医疗服务。)”可知，这是一支免费的流动医疗队。故选B。【6题详解】推理判断题。由文章第四段“Sinceitslaunch,BoatengsaystheHopeHealthVanhasservedmorethan4,000Ghanaiansacrossmorethan45ruralcommunitieswhootherwisedon’thaveeasilyaccessiblemedicalcare.Boatenghasbigplansforthefuture.Hehopestoexpandtoprovidemoreconsistentandhigh-qualitymobilemedicalcarenotonlytothoselivinginremoteareasofGhanabutinothercountriesaswell.(Boateng说，自从启动以来，希望健康车已经为超过45个农村社区的4000多名加纳人提供了服务，否则这些人就无法轻易获得医疗服务。Boateng对未来有很大的计划。他希望扩大规模，不仅为生活在加纳偏远地区的人们，也为其他国家的人们提供更加稳定和高质量的移动医疗服务。)”可知，OKBHopeFoundation帮助了很多人，所以它的影响很深远。故选C。【7题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第二段“Boatengstartedhisnonprofit,OKBHopeFoundation2yearsago,heconvertedavan(厢式货车)intoamobiledoctor’sofficeandstartedbringinghealthcaredirectlytothoseinneed.Afewtimesaweek,themobileclinicandmedicalteamtravellongdistancetoremotecommunitiesinGhanaandprovidefreeroutinemedicalcare.(两年前，Boateng创办了他的非营利组织OKB希望基金会，他把一辆面包车改装成了一个流动医生办公室，并开始直接为有需要的人提供医疗服务。流动诊所和医疗队每周几次长途跋涉前往加纳的偏远社区，提供免费的常规医疗服务。)”可知，文章主要讲述了Boateng开办OKBHopeFoundation，通过移动诊所的形式拯救生命的原因，以及该基金会的影响。所以选项B“移动诊所拯救生命”符合题意。故选B。CThechallengeofstoringenergyyear-roundhasbeenoneofthebiggestobstaclestothewidespreadadoptionofgreenpower.However,PolarNightEnergyhasdevelopedtheworld’sfirstfullyfunctionalcommercialsandbattery,whichcouldofferalow-cost,eco-friendlysolutiontothestorageproblem.Itisthefirstcommercialsandbatteryintheworld,anditwasbuiltinKankaanpaa,Finlandin2022.Dr.NataliaSchiff,expertofPolarNightEnergy,saysthatsandbatteryworksbyheatingsanduptohightemperatures(ataround500℃)usingrenewableenergy,suchassolarorwindpower.Thehotsandcanthenbestoredformonthsorevenyears,andthendischargedtoprovideheatorelectricitywhenneeded.ThePolarNightsandbatteryhasacapacityof8megawatthours(MWh)ofthermal(热量的)energy,anditcandischargeabout200kilowatts(kW)ofpower.Thismeansthatitcanprovideheatforabout4,000homesforaday,oritcangenerateenoughelectricitytopowerabout100homesforaday.Sandbatteryisrelativelyinexpensivetobuild,anditiscompatible(兼容的)withawiderangeofrenewableenergysources.Italsocanbebuiltinlargersizestostoremoreenergy,whichisapromisingnewtechnologyforstoringrenewableenergy.Sandbatteriescouldbeavaluabletooltocombatclimatechange.Theycouldhelptomakerenewableenergymorereliableandavailable,whichwouldreduceourrelianceonfossilfuels.Theycouldalsobeusedtoprovideheatinareasthatarenotconnectedtotheelectricity.Astheworldtransitionstoacleanenergyfuture,sandbatteriescouldplayanimportantroleinhelpingtobalancetheenergyandensuringthatwehaveareliablesourceofenergywhenweneedit.8.Whatisthecharacteristicofsandbattery?A.Costlyanddemanding. B.Cheapandclean.C.Costlyandimaginary. D.Cheapbutpolluting.9.WhatdoesDr.NataliaSchifftellus?A.Workingmodelofsandbattery.B.Statisticalmethodoftheresearch.C.Theoreticalbasisofmakingbatteries.D.Historicalanalysisofrenewableenergy.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“combat”inparagraph5mean?A.Comfort. B.Commit. C.Fightfor. D.Fightagainst.11.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsandbattery?A.Unclear. B.Dismissive. C.Doubtful. D.Favorable.【答案】8.B9.A10.D11.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了沙电池的工作原理、优点以及在应对气候变化和能源平衡方面的应用前景。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“However,PolarNightEnergyhasdevelopedtheworld’sfirstfullyfunctionalcommercialsandbattery,whichcouldofferalow-cost,eco-friendlysolutiontothestorageproblem.(然而，PolarNightEnergy公司已经开发出了世界上第一个功能齐全的商用沙电池，它可以为储存问题提供低成本、环保的解决方案)”可知，沙电池可以为储存问题提供低成本、环保的解决方案，所以它的特点是便宜又干净。故选B项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Dr.NataliaSchiff,expertofPolarNightEnergy,saysthatsandbatteryworksbyheatingsanduptohightemperatures(ataround500℃)usingrenewableenergy,suchassolarorwindpower.Thehotsandcanthenbestoredformonthsorevenyears,andthendischargedtoprovideheatorelectricitywhenneeded.(PolarNightEnergy专家娜塔莉亚·希夫博士说，沙电池的工作原理是利用太阳能或风能等可再生能源将沙子加热到高温(约500℃)。然后，热砂可以储存数月甚至数年，然后在需要时排放以提供热量或电力)”可知，娜塔莉亚·希夫博士说的是沙电池的工作原理，也就是沙电池的工作模型。故选A项。【10题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“Theycouldhelptomakerenewableenergymorereliableandavailable,whichwouldreduceourrelianceonfossilfuels.(它们有助于使可再生能源更加可靠和可用，从而减少我们对化石燃料的依赖)”可知，沙电池有助于使可再生能源更加可靠和可用，从而减少我们对化石燃料的依赖，也就能对抗气候变化。由此推知，划线词combat意为“对抗”，和D项Fightagainst意思相近。故填D项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Astheworldtransitionstoacleanenergyfuture,sandbatteriescouldplayanimportantroleinhelpingtobalancetheenergyandensuringthatwehaveareliablesourceofenergywhenweneedit.(随着世界向清洁能源的未来过渡，沙电池可以在帮助平衡能源和确保我们在需要时拥有可靠的能源来源方面发挥重要作用)”可知，作者认为沙电池可以发挥重要作用。由此推知，对沙电池的态度是赞同的。故选D项。DSealsmaysounddifferentthanexpectedfromtheirbodysize.Isthisabilityrelatedtotheirvocaltalentsorisittheresultofadaptation?AninternationalteamofresearchersledbyscientistsfromtheMaxPlanckInstituteinvestigatedthevocaltracts(声道)ofseals,whichmatchedtheirbodysize.Thismeansthatsealsarecapableoflearningnewsounds.Mostanimalsproducecallsthatreflecttheirbodysize.Alargeranimalwillsoundlower-pitchedbecauseitsvocaltract,theair-filledtubethatproducessounds,islonger.Butsealsdonotalwayssoundliketheylook.Theymaysoundlarger,perhapstoimpressanenemy;orsmaller,perhapstogetattentionfromtheirmothers.Aretheseanimalsverygoodatlearningsounds,orhavetheirvocaltractsadaptedtoallowthisvocalflexibility(灵活性)?Toanswerthisquestion,ProfessorDeReusworkedtogetherwithresearchersfromtheMaxPlanckInstitute.Theteammeasuredyoungseals’vocaltractsandbodysize.Themeasurementsweretakenfrom68youngseals(uptotwelvemonthsold)whohaddied.Theteamalsore-analyzedpreviouslygatheredsealvocaldatatoconfirmtheirimpressivevocalflexibility.DeReusfoundthatthelengthofseals’vocaltractsmatchedtheirbodysize.Therewerenoanatomical(身体结构的)explanationsfortheirvocalskills.Meanwhile,theresearchersarguethatonlyvocallearningcanexplainwhysealsdonotsoundliketheylook.“Vocallearnerswillsounddifferentfromtheirbodysize,butthesizeoftheirvocaltractswillmatchtheirbodysize.Thecombinedfindingsfromacoustic(听觉的)andanatomicaldatamayhelpustoidentifymorevocallearners,”saysdeReus.“Studyingdifferentvocallearnersmayhelpustofindthebiologicalbasesofvocallearningandshedlightontheevolutionofcomplexvocalsystems,suchasspeech.Themorewelook,themoreweseethatitwouldhelptostudyhumanspeechability.”12.HowdidDeReusandtheteamconducttheresearch?A.Bytestingseals’ability.B.Byrecordingseals’behaviors.C.Byconfirmingtheflexibilityofseals.D.Bymeasuringseals’vocaltractsandanalyzing.13.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Sealsarerelatedwithhumanevolution.B.Sealscontributestohumanbiologicalbases.C.Studyingsealspromoteshumanspeechresearch.D.Seals’vocallearningisthesameashumanspeech.14.What’sthetextmainlyabout?A.Seals’vocaltractsarelong.B.Sealsarecapableofsinging.C.Sealshavetheabilitytolearnsounds.D.Youngsealsproducelower-pitchedsounds.15.Inwhichcolumnofawebsitecanthetextberead?A.Chemistry. B.Nature. C.Environment. D.Lifestyle.【答案】12.D13.C14.C15.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了海豹能够根据不同情况学习发声。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Theteammeasuredyoungseals’vocaltractsandbodysize.Themeasurementsweretakenfrom68youngseals(uptotwelvemonthsold)whohaddied.Theteamalsore-analyzedpreviouslygatheredsealvocaldatatoconfirmtheirimpressivevocalflexibility.(研究小组测量了幼海豹的声道和体型。这些测量数据来自68只死亡的幼海豹（最大的12个月大）。研究小组还重新分析了之前收集的海豹声音数据，以证实它们令人印象深刻的声音灵活性)”可知，DeReus及其团队是通过测量海豹的声道并分析进行研究的。故选D。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Studyingdifferentvocallearnersmayhelpustofindthebiologicalbasesofvocallearningandshedlightontheevolutionofcomplexvocalsystems,suchasspeech.Themorewelook,themoreweseethatitwouldhelptostudyhumanspeechability.(研究不同的发声学习者可以帮助我们找到发声学习的生物学基础，并揭示复杂发声系统（如语音）的进化。我们看得越多，就越觉得这有助于研究人类的语言能力)”可知，研究海豹有助于人类语言研究。故选C。【14题详解】主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中“AninternationalteamofresearchersledbyscientistsfromtheMaxPlanckInstituteinvestigatedthevocaltracts(声道)ofseals,whichmatchedtheirbodysize.Thismeansthatsealsarecapableoflearningnewsounds.(由MaxPlanck研究所的科学家领导的一个国际研究小组调查了海豹的声道，声道与它们的体型相匹配。这意味着海豹有能力学习新的声音)”可知，文章主要介绍了海豹能够根据不同情况学习发声。故选C。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中“AninternationalteamofresearchersledbyscientistsfromtheMaxPlanckInstituteinvestigatedthevocaltracts(声道)ofseals,whichmatchedtheirbodysize.Thismeansthatsealsarecapableoflearningnewsounds.(由MaxPlanck研究所的科学家领导的一个国际研究小组调查了海豹的声道，声道与它们的体型相匹配。这意味着海豹有能力学习新的声音)”可知，文章主要介绍了一个关于海豹声道的研究，结果表明海豹能够根据不同情况学习发声，应是出自网站的“自然”部分，故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Wespendaboutathirdofourlivessleeping,soit’svitalthatwemakethemostofit!Gettingqualitysleepisessentialforbothourphysicalandmentalhealth.____16____.EstablisharegularsleepscheduleGoingtobedandwakingupatthesametimeeachdayhelpstoregulateourbodiesnaturalsleeprhythm.____17____.Ifyouhavetroublefallingasleepatnight,trynottonapduringtheday.Nappingcanmakeithardertofallasleepatnight.____18____Ourbodiesarenaturallyprogrammedtosleepwhenit’sdarkoutside.So,trytokeepyourbedroomasdarkaspossiblewhenyou’retryingtosleep.Ifyouneedto,useblackoutcurtainsoraneyemasktoblockoutanyunwantedlight.GetupandmovearoundIfyoufindyourselflyinginbedawake,it’sbesttogetupandmovearoundforabit.____19____.Avoidwatchingtelevisionorworkingonthecomputer,asthebrightscreenscanstimulateyourbrainandmakeithardertofallasleepGetregularexerciseExerciseisagreatwaytoimproveyoursleep.Notonlydoesithelpyoufallasleepfaster,butitalsohelpsyousleepmoresoundlythroughthenight.Makesurethatyouavoidexercisingtooclosetobedtimeasthiscanactuallyhavetheoppositeeffect.____20____.Byfollowingthesetips,youcanhelpimprovethequalityofyoursleepandgettherestyouneedtoliveahealthylife!A.KeepyourbedroomdarkB.TryyourbesttogobacktobedC.ThereareplentyofotheroptionstotryD.TryreadingabookortakingarelaxingbathE.Inaword,gettingagoodsleepissignificantF.HerearesometipstoimprovethequalityofyoursleepG.Sosticktoaregularsleepscheduleasmuchaspossible【答案】16.F17.G18.A19.D20.E【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。介绍了一些提高睡眠质量的建议。【16题详解】根据前文“Wespendaboutathirdofourlivessleeping,soit’svitalthatwemakethemostofit!Gettingqualitysleepisessentialforbothourphysicalandmentalhealth.(我们一生中大约有三分之一时间在睡觉，所以充分利用它是至关重要的!获得高质量的睡眠对我们的身心健康都至关重要)”并结合下文给出的建议可知，空处指出有提高睡眠质量的方法，F项“Herearesometipstoimprovethequalityofyoursleep(这里有一些提高睡眠质量的建议)”符合文意，承上启下。故选F项。【17题详解】根据前文“Goingtobedandwakingupatthesametimeeachdayhelpstoregulateourbodiesnaturalsleeprhythm.(每天在同一时间睡觉和起床有助于调节我们身体的自然睡眠节奏)”可知，本段主题是有规律的睡眠时间的好处，所以G项“Sosticktoaregularsleepscheduleasmuchaspossible(所以要尽可能坚持规律的睡眠时间表)”符合本段主题。故选G项。【18题详解】分析设空，空处是本段小标题，是对本段的高度概括，根据后文“Ourbodiesarenaturallyprogrammedtosleepwhenit’sdarkoutside.So,trytokeepyourbedroomasdarkaspossiblewhenyou’retryingtosleep.Ifyouneedto,useblackoutcurtainsoraneyemasktoblockoutanyunwantedlight.(当外面天黑时，我们的身体会自然地进入睡眠状态。所以，当你想睡觉的时候，尽量让你的卧室保持黑暗。如果需要的话，使用遮光窗帘或眼罩来阻挡任何不需要的光线)”可知，本段主要讲述睡觉时，保持周围环境是黑暗的，所以A项“Keepyourbedroomdark(保持卧室黑暗)”符合文意，为本段小标题。故选A项。【19题详解】根据前文“Ifyoufindyourselflyinginbedawake,it’sbesttogetupandmovearoundforabit.(如果你发现自己躺在床上睡不着，最好是起来走动一下)”以及后文“Avoidwatchingtelevisionorworkingonthecomputer,asthebrightscreenscanstimulateyourbrainandmakeithardertofallasleep(避免看电视或在电脑前工作，因为明亮的屏幕会刺激你的大脑，使你更难入睡)”可知，此处是在讲述，当晚上睡不着时，可以做的事，和避免做的事，所以D项“Tryreadingabookortakingarelaxingbath(试着读一本书或洗个放松的澡)”符合本段主题，是睡不着时做的事。故选D项。【20题详解】根据后文“Byfollowingthesetips,youcanhelpimprovethequalityofyoursleepandgettherestyouneedtoliveahealthylife!(遵循这些建议，你可以帮助提高你的睡眠质量，得到健康生活所需的休息!)”可知，本段是在对前文作总结，所以E项“Inaword,gettingagoodsleepissignificant(总之，睡个好觉是很重要的)”是总结性句子，符合分段主题。故选E项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Haveyoueverhadtheexperienceofdininginthedark?RecentlyI____21____afriendtohavedinnerata“darkrestaurant”,wherepeopleeatin____22____darkness,servedbyblindstaff.Wewantedtobetterunderstandtheexperienceofbeingblind,andwethought____23____mightbethemostdifficultactivity.Itwasa____24____meal.Becausewecouldn’tseewhereanythingwas,myfriendandI____25____glassesanddroppedfood.Mysenseoftasteandsmellbecamemore____26____,andIatemuchmoreslowly,tryingto____27____whatIwaseating.Pouring____28____wasverydifficult,plusIkeptdrinkingfrommyfriend’sglass.AfterI____29____topickupanyfoodwithaforkforfiveminutes,Idecidedtousemy____30____.Ireacheddown,expectingriceandvegetables,butinsteadmyhand____31____abowlofwarm,thicksoup.“It’sbesttouseaspoonforthis____32____.”thewaitersaidtomyear,____33____butmuchtoolate.Evenusingaspoon,Ispilledmostofthesouponmyshirt.Ifelt____34____,eventhoughnoonecouldseeme.Ourwaiter____35____ustolifttheplatesandbowlsclosetoourfaces.ThoughIlefttherestaurantstillfeelinghungryIwasmuchawareofthechallengesthatblindpeopleface.21.A.observed B.accompanied C.remembered D.deserved22.A.soft B.partial C.complete D.wild23.A.reserving B.paying C.chatting D.eating24.A.difficult B.delicious C.expensive D.significant25.A.knockedover B.rolledover C.pickedup D.lookedup26.A.creative B.impressive C.sensitive D.effective27.A.count B.guess C.pretend D.record28.A.rice B.vinegar C.sugar D.water29.A.failed B.returned C.continued D.learned30.A.ears B.nose C.hands D.feet31.A.setaside B.packedup C.spreadout D.stuckinto32.A.task B.course C.bowl D.chance33.A.sorrowfully B.hopefully C.helpfully D.fearfully34.A.embarrassed B.confident C.surprised D.grateful35.A.commanded B.advised C.witnessed D.promised【答案】21.B22.C23.D24.A25.A26.C27.B28.D29.A30.C31.D32.B33.C34.A35.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者去“黑暗餐厅”吃饭的经历。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：最近，我陪一个朋友在一家“黑暗餐厅”吃饭，在那里，人们在完全黑暗的环境中吃饭，服务员是盲人。A.observed观察；B.accompanied陪同；C.remembered记住；D.deserved应得。根据后文的“afriendtohavedinnerata“darkrestaurant””可知，“我”陪一个朋友在一家餐厅吃饭。故选B项。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最近，我陪一个朋友在一家“黑暗餐厅”吃饭，在那里，人们在完全黑暗的环境中吃饭，服务员是盲人。A.soft柔软的；B.partial部分的；C.complete完全的，彻底的；D.wild自然生长的。根据前文的“Haveyoueverhadtheexperienceofdininginthedark?”和“havedinnerata“darkrestaurant””可知，吃饭的餐厅是完全黑暗的。故选C项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们想更好地理解盲人的经历，我们认为吃东西可能是最困难的活动。A.reserving保留；B.paying支付；C.chatting聊天；D.eating吃。根据前文的“Haveyoueverhadtheexperienceofdininginthedark?”和“Wewantedtobetterunderstandtheexperienceofbeingblind”可知，“我们”想更好地理解盲人的经历，所以去“黑暗餐厅”吃饭，因为“我们”认为吃东西可能是最困难的活动。故选D项。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一顿难吃的饭。A.difficult困难的；B.delicious美味的；C.expensive昂贵的；D.significant重要的。根据后文的“Becausewecouldn’tseewhereanythingwas,myfriendandI5glassesanddroppedfood.”可知，这顿饭处于黑暗中，吃的很困难。故选A项。【25题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：因为我们看不见东西在哪里，我和我的朋友撞翻了杯子，掉了食物。A.knockedover撞倒；B.rolledover滚过；C.pickedup拿起；D.lookedup抬起头来。根据前文的“Becausewecouldn’tseewhereanythingwas”和后文“glasses”可知，“我们”看不见东西在哪里，所以“我”和朋友撞翻了杯子。故选A项。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的味觉和嗅觉变得更加敏感，我吃东西的速度也慢了很多，努力去猜我吃的是什么。A.creative有创造力的；B.impressive令人印象深刻的；C.sensitive敏感的；D.effective有效的。根据前文的“Mysenseoftasteandsmellbecamemore”可知，因为看不见东西，所以我的味觉和嗅觉变得更加敏感。故选C项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的味觉和嗅觉变得更加敏感，我吃东西的速度也慢了很多，努力去猜我吃的是什么。A.count计数；B.guess猜测；C.pretend假装；D.record记录。根据前文的“Becausewecouldn’tseewhereanythingwas”可知，“我们”看不见东西在哪里，所以努力去猜“我”吃的是什么。故选B项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：倒水非常困难，而且我一直从朋友的杯子里喝水。A.rice大米；B.vinegar醋；C.sugar糖；D.water水。根据前文的“Pouring”和后文“Ikeptdrinkingfrommyfriend’sglass.”可知，吃饭时倒水非常困难，而且从后文“我一直从朋友的杯子里喝水”来看，倒的不是醋。故选D项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我用叉子没有拿起任何食物五分钟后，我决定用我的手。A.failed失败；B.returned返回；C.continued继续；D.learned学习。根据后文的“topickupanyfoodwithaforkforfiveminutes,Idecidedtousemy10.Ireacheddown,expectingriceandvegetables,butinsteadmyhand11abowlofwarm,thicksoup.”可知，“我”用“我”的手拿食物，因为在黑暗中“我”用叉子拿起食物失败。故选A项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我用叉子没有拿起任何食物五分钟后，我决定用我的手。A.ears耳朵；B.nose鼻子；C.hands手；D.feet脚。根据后文的“topickupanyfoodwithaforkforfiveminutes,Idecidedtousemy10.Ireacheddown,expectingriceandvegetables,butinsteadmyhand11abowlofwarm,thicksoup.”可知，“我”用“我”的手拿食物，而且被烫了。故选C项。【31题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我伸出手，期待着米饭和蔬菜，但我的手却伸进了一碗热乎乎的浓汤里。A.setaside留出；B.packedup把……打包；C.spreadout展开；D.stuckinto伸入。根据后文的“abowlofwarm,thicksoup”可知，“我”的手伸进了一碗热乎乎的浓汤里。故选D项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：吃这道菜最好用勺子。A.task任务；B.course一道菜；C.bowl碗；D.chance机会。根据前文的“Ireacheddown,expectingriceandvegetables,butinsteadmyhand11abowlofwarm,thicksoup.“It’sbesttouseaspoonforthis”可知，“我”的手伸进了一碗热乎乎的浓汤里，服务员建议吃这道菜用勺子。故选B项。【33题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：“吃这道菜最好用勺子。”侍者对我说，很有帮助，但太迟了。A.sorrowfully悲伤地；B.hopefully有希望地；C.helpfully有帮助的；D.fearfully可怕地。根据前文的“It’sbesttouseaspoonforthis12”可知，“我”的手伸进了一碗热乎乎的浓汤里，服务员建议吃这道菜用勺子，可见他的建议很有帮助。故选C项。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我感到很尴尬，即使没有人能看到我。A.embarrassed尴尬的；B.confident自信的；C.surprised吃惊的；D.grateful感激的。根据前文的“myhand11abowlofwarm,thicksoup”可知，“我”的手伸进了一碗热乎乎的浓汤里，所以很尴尬。故选A项。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：服务员建议我们把盘子和碗举到离脸近的地方。A.commanded命令；B.advised建议；C.witnessed见证；D.promised许诺。根据后文的“ustolifttheplatesandbowlsclosetoourfaces”可知，这是服务员给出的关于怎么顺利吃饭的建议。故选B项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。DidyouwatchthepopularTVseriesMeetYourselfduringyourwintervacation?IntheTVseries,theheroineXuHongdoutravelstoavillageinYunnanprovinceandvolunteersatalocalcafé.Shegetsfreemeals____36____return.Astheshowfindsagrowingaudience,volunteertravel(anold-yet-modernformoftravel)similartoXu’stypeofworkhasattractedmoreattention.Duringthetrip