六阅读理解-科教科普类-2021年高考英语真题模拟试题

（6）阅读理解-科教科普类—2021年高考英语真题模拟试题专

项汇编

1.【2021年浙江卷1月，阅读C】

Researcherssaytheyhavetranslatedthemeaningofgesturesthatwildchimpanzees

（黑猩猩）usetocommunicate.Theysaywildchimpscommunicate19specificmessagestoone

anotherwitha"vocabulary"of66gestures.Thescientistsdiscoveredthisbyfollowing

andfilminggroupsofchimpsinUganda,andexaminingmorethan5,000incidentsofthese

meaningfulexchanges.

DrCatherinellobaiter,wholedtheresearch,saidthatthiswastheonlyformof

intentionalcommunicationtoberecordedintheanimalkingdom.Onlyhumansandchimps,

shesaid,hadasystemofcommunicationwheretheydeliberatelysentamessagetoanother

groupmember.

“That'swhat'ssoamazingaboutchimpgestures,，zshesaid."They'retheonlything

thatlookslikehumanlanguageinthatrespect.”

Althoughpreviousresearchhasshownthatapesandmonkeyscanunderstandcomplex

informationfromanotheranimal，scall,theanimalsdonotappeartousetheirvoices

intentionallytocommunicatemessages.Thiswasasignificantdifferencebetweencalls

andgestures,DrHobaitersaid.

Chimpswillchecktoseeiftheyhavetheattentionoftheanimalwithwhichthey

wishtocommunicate.Inonecase,amotherpresentsherfoottohercryingbaby,signaling/7

Climbonme.〃Theyoungsterimmediatelyjumpsontoitsmothersbackandtheytraveloff

together."Thebigmessagefromthisstudyisthatthereisanotherspecies（物种）out

there,thatismeaningfulinitscommunication,sothat'snotuniquetohumans,“saidDr

Hobaiter.

DrSusanneShultz,anevolutionarybiologistfromtheUniversityofManchester,said

thestudywaspraiseworthyinseekingtoenrichourknowledgeoftheevolutionofhuman

language.But,sheadded,theresultswere〃alittledisappointing”.

“Thevaguenessofthegesturemeaningssuggestseitherthatthechimpshavelittle

tocommunicate,orwearestillmissingalotoftheinformationcontainedintheirgestures

andactions,z，shesaid."Moreover,themeaningsseemtonotgobeyondwhatotheranimal

conveywithnon-verbalcommunication.So,itseemsthegulfremains.”

1.WhatdochimpsandhumanshaveincommonaccordingtoDrHobaiter?

A.Memorizingspecificwords.

B.Understandingcomplexinformation.

C.Usingvoicestocommunicate.

D.Communicatingmessagesonpurpose.

2.WhatdidDrShultzthinkofthestudy?

A.Itwaswelldesignedbutpoorlyconducted.

B.Itwasagoodtrybutthefindingswerelimited.

C.Itwasinspiringbuttheevidencewasunreliable.

D.Itwasafailurebutthemethodsdeservedpraise.

3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword〃gulf〃inthelastparagraphmean?

A.Difference.B.Conflict.C.Balance.D.Connection.

4.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.Chimpanzeebehaviourstudyachievedabreakthrough

B.Chimpanzeesdevelopedspecificcommunicationskills

C.Chimpanzees:thesmartestspeciesintheanimalkingdom

D.Chimpanzeelanguage:communicationgesturestranslated

2.【2021年浙江卷7月，阅读口

Ifyouevergettheimpressionthatyourdogcan〃tell〃whetheryoulookcontentor

annoyed,youmaybeontosomething.Dogsmayindeedbeabletodistinguishbetweenhappy

andangryhumanfaces,accordingtoanewstudy.

Researcherstrainedagroupof11dogstodistinguishbetweenimages（图像）ofthesame

personmakingeitherahappyoranangryface.Duringthetrainingstage,eachdogwas

shownonlytheupperhalforthelowerhalfoftheperson，sface.Theresearchersthen

testedthedogs'abi1itytodistinguishbetweenhumanfacialexpressionsbyshowingthem

theotherhalfoftheperson,sfaceorimagestotallydifferentfromtheonesusedin

training.Theresearchersfoundthatthedogswereabletopicktheangryorhappyface

bytouchingapictureofitwiththeirnosesmoreoftenthanonewouldexpectbyrandom

chance.

Thestudyshowedtheanimalshadfiguredouthowtoapplywhattheylearnedabouthuman

facesduringtrainingtonewfacesinthetestingstage.〃Wecanruleoutthatthedogs

simplydistinguishbetweenthepicturesbasedonasimplecue,suchasthesightofteeth,/z

saidstudyauthorCorsinMuller."Instead,ourresultssuggestthatthesuccessfuldogs

realizedthatasmilingmouthmeansthesamethingassmilingeyes,andthesameruleapplies

toanangrymouthhavingthesamemeaningasangryeyes.”

“Withourstudy,wethinkwecannowconfidentlyconcludethatatleastsomedogscan

distinguishhumanfacialexpressions,"MullertoldLiveScience.

Atthispoint,itisnotclearwhydogsseemtobeequippedwiththeabilitytorecognize

differentfacialexpressionsinhumans."Tous,themostlikelyexplanationappearsto

bethatthebasisliesintheirlivingwithhumans,whichgivesthemalotofexposure

tohumanfacialexpressions,z，andthisexposurehasprovidedthemwithmanychancesto

learntodistinguishbetweenthem,Mullersaid.

1.Thenewstudyfocusedonwhetherdogscan____.

A.distinguishshapes

B.makesenseofhumanfaces

C.feelhappyorangry

D.communicatewitheachother

2.WhatcanwelearnaboutthestudyfromParagraph2?

A.Researcherstestedthedogsinrandomorder.

B.Diversemethodswereadoptedduringtraining.

C.Picturesusedinthetwostagesweredifferent.

D.Thedogswerephotographedbeforethetest.

3.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?

A.Asuggestionforfuturestudies.

B.Apossiblereasonforthestudyfindings.

C.Amajorlimitationofthestudy.

D.Anexplanationoftheresearchmethod.

3.【2021年新高考I卷，阅读D】

Popularizationhasinsomecaseschangedtheoriginalmeaningofemotional（情感的）

intelligence.Manypeoplenowmisunderstandemotionalintelligenceasalmosteverything

desirableinaperson，smakeupthatcannotbemeasuredbyanIQtest,suchascharacter,

motivation,confidence,mentalstability,optimismand,'peopleskills^.Researchhasshown

thatemotionalskillsmaycontributetosomeofthesequalities,butmostofthemmove

farbeyondski11-basedemotionalintelligence.

Weprefertodescribeemotionalintelligenceasaspecificsetofskillsthat

canbeusedforeithergoodorbadpurposes.Theabilitytoaccuratelyunderstandhowothers

arefeelingmaybeusedbyadoctortofindhowbesttohelpherpatients,whileacheater

mightuseittocontrolpotentialvictims.Beingemotionallyintelligentdoesnot

necessarilymakeoneamoralperson.

Althoughpopularbeliefsregardingemotionalintelligencerunfaraheadofwhat

researchcanreasonablysupport,theoveralleffectsofthepublicityhavebeenmore

beneficialthanharmful.Themostpositiveaspectofthispopularizationisanewandmuch

neededemphasis（重视）onemotionbyemployers,educatorsandothersinterestedin

promotingsocialwell-being.Thepopularizationofemotionalintelligencehashelpedboth

thepublicandresearchersre-evaluatethefunctionalityofemotionsandhowtheyserve

peopleadaptivelyineverydaylife.

Althoughthecontinuingpopularappealofemotionalintelligenceisdesirable,we

hopethatsuchattentionwillexciteagreaterinterestinthescientificandscholarly

studyofemotion.Itisourhopethatincomingdecades,advancesinsciencewilloffer

newperspectives（视角）fromwhichtostudyhowpeoplemanagetheir1ives.Emotional

intelligence,withitsfocusonbothheadandheart,mayservetopointusintheright

direction.

1.Whatisacommonmisunderstandingofemotionalintelligence?

A.ItcanbemeasuredbyanIQtest.

B.Ithelpstoexerciseaperson，smind.

C.Itincludesasetofemotionalskills.

1）.Itreferstoaperson，spositivequalities.

2.Whydoestheauthormention"doctor"and"cheater“inparagraph2?

A.Toexplainarule.B.Toclarityaconcept.

C.Topresentafact.D.Tomakeaprediction.

3.Whatistheauthor*sattitudetothepopularizationofemotionalintelligence?

A.Favorable.B.Intolerant.C.Doubtful.D.Unclear.

4.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkaboutconcerningemotionalintelligence?

A.Itsappealtothepublic.B.Expectationsforfuturestudies.

C.Itspracticalapplication.D.Scientistswithnewperspectives.

4.【2021年全国乙卷，阅读D】

Duringaninterviewforoneofmybooks,myinterviewersaidsomethingIstillthink

aboutoften.Annoyedbythelevelofdistraction（T'tt）inhisopenoffice,hesaid,"That's

whyIhaveamembershipatthecoworkingspaceacrossthestreet一soIcanfocus."His

commentstruckmeasstrange.Afterall,coworkingspacesalsotypicallyuseanopenoffice

layout（布局）.ButIrecentlycameacrossastudythatshowswhyhisapproachworks

Theresearchersexaminedvariouslevelsofnoiseonparticipantsastheycompleted

testsofcreativethinking.Theywererandomlydividedintofourgroupsandexposedto

variousnoiselevelsinthebackground,fromtotalsilenceto50decibels（分贝），70

decibels,and85decibels.Thedifferencesbetweenmostofthegroupswerestatistically

insignificant;however,theparticipantsinthe70decibelsgroup-thoseexposedtoalevel

ofnoisesimilartobackgroundchatterinacoffeeshop-significantlyoutperformedthe

othergroups.Sincetheeffectsweresmall,thismaysuggestthatourcreativethinking

doesnotdifferthatmuchinresponsetototalsilenceand85decibelsofbackgroundnoise.

Butsincetheresultsat70decibelsweresignificant,thestudyalsosuggeststhat

therightlevelofbackgroundnoise一nottooloudandnottotalsilence一mayactually

improveone，screativethinkingability.Therightlevelofbackgroundnoisemayinterrupt

ournormalpatternsofthinkingjustenoughtoallowourimaginationstowander,without

makingitimpossibletofocus.Thiskindof"distractedfocus“appearstobethebeststate

forworkingoncreativetasks.

Sowhydosomanyofushateouropenoffices?Theproblemmaybethat,inouroffices,

wecan'tstopourselvesfromgettingdrawnintoothers'conversationswhilewe'retrying

tofocus.Indeed,theresearchersfoundthatface-to-faceinteractionsandconversations

affectthecreativeprocess,andyetacoworkingspaceoracoffeeshopprovidesacertain

levelofnoisewhilealsoprovidingfreedomfrominterruptions.

1.Whydoestheinterviewerpreferacoworkingspace?

A.Ithelpshimconcentrate.B.Itblocksoutbackgroundnoise.

C.Ithasapleasantatmosphere.D.Itencouragesface-to-faceinteractions.

2.Whichlevelofbackgroundnoisemaypromotecreativethinkingability?

A.Totalsilence.B.50decibels.

C.70decibels.D.85decibels.

3.Whatmakesanopenofficeunwelcometomanypeople?

A.Personalprivacyunprotected.B.Limitedworkingspace.

C.Restrictionsongroupdiscussion.D.Constantinterruptions.

4.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromthetext?

A.He'sanewsreporter.B.He'sonofficemanager.

CHe'saprofessionaldesigner.D.He'sapublishedwriter.

5.【2021年陕西西安二模，阅读C】

Theworld,sfirsthydrogen-poweredtrainshavebegunrunninginGermany.Theybegan

carryingpassengersMondayinGermanyJsnorthernLowerSaxonystate.Thenewtrainwill

run100-kilometertripsandcantravelupto140kilometersanhour.

AFrenchrailroadcompanycalledAlstombuiltthetwotrains.TeaminGermanyand

Francecooperatedontheproject,whichwassupportedbytheGermangovernment.Thenew

trainmodel,calledtheCoradiaiLint,signalsthebeginningofeffortsinGermanyand

othernationstomoveawayfrompollution-producingdiesel（柴油）trains.

TheCoradiaiLintisdesignedtorunonnon-electrifiedtrainlineswithlowlevels

ofnoise.

Itusesaprocessthatcombineshydrogenandoxygentoproduceelectricalpower.If

thesystemproducesmoreenergythanthetrainneedsatthattime,itcanstoretheextra

energyinbatteries.Theonlyemissions（排放物）arewaterandsteam.

AsingletankofhydrogencanrunaCoradiaiLinttrainforabout1,000kilometers.

Thisisverysimilartothedistanceadiesel-poweredtraincanrunonwithasingletank.

Hydrogen-poweredtrainscostmorethandieseltrainstobuild.ButAlstomofficials

saytheoperatingcostsaremuchlower.Thecompanyplanstoprovideanother14Coradia

iLinttrainstoLowerSaxonyby2021.

Theheadofrailroadoperationsinthearea,CarmenSchwab,praisedreplacingdiesel

trainswithhydrogen.Shesaidthemovewasanimportantfirststepinusingclean-burning

technologiestoreachclimateprotectiongoals.

Officialssaythearea,smanywindturbines（涡轮机）willproducepartoftheenergy

tocreatethehydrogentopowerthetrains.

AlstomsaysseveralotherEuropeancountrieshavealsoexpressedinterestin

developinghydrogentrainsystems.Francehasalreadysaiditwantsitsfirsthydrogen

traintobeoperatingby2022.

1.WhydidGermanybuildthenewtrains?

A.Tomaketravelingmucheasier.B.Tocarrymorepassengers.

C.Toreplacedieseltrains.D.TodevelopfriendshipwithFrance.

2.WhatisoneadvantageoftheCoradiaiLint?

A.Itrunswithoutmakinganynoise.B.Itdoesn,tuseelectricalpower.

C.Itcostsmuchlesstorun.D.Itischeapertomakeit.

3.Itcanbeconcludedthathydrogentrains.

A.arewidelyused.B.canproducewaterandoxygen.

C.canstopairpollution.D.areenvironmentally

friendly.

4.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.World'sFirstHydrogenTrains.B.EffortstoReduceEmissions.

C.SavingNaturalResources.D.ANewWaytoMakeElectricity.

6.【2021年广东茂名模拟，阅读D】

Theprevalenceofmelanoma（黑素瘤）hasbeenrapidlyrisingaroundtheworldfornearly

acentury.Whilesomeoftheincreasemaybeduetobetterdetection,researchersalso

believeit'sbecausewe'respendingmoretimeoutdoorsinthesun,vacationingtowarmer

climatesduringthewinterandusingtanningbeds.Thatriseisconcerning,sincemelanoma

isthemostdangerouskindofskincancer.

Mostofusknowtocoverupandapplysunscreenonhot,sunnydays,butwhenfall

arrives,wetendtodropthosehabits.Expertswarnthat'samistake.Thoughthere's

lessneedforsunprotectionaftersummerends,exposuretoUVraysstilladdsup.

Whatprecautionsyoushouldtaketodefendagainstmelanomaduringthecoolermonths

dependsonwhereyouareintheworld.That'sbecausethefurtherawayyouarefromthe

equator,themoreUVraysweakeninthewinter."InsouthernEnglandorCanada,thedaily

doseofUVAonaclearsummerdayis6.5timeshigherthanonaclearwinterday,“says

ProfessorBrianDiffeyoftheBritishAssociationofDermatologists.uPeopleinthose

countriestypicallyreceiveonlyabout5%oftheirannualUVexposureinthewinter

months.”

Butnomatterwhereyouare,evenduringcolder,lowerriskmonths,it'samistake

toputyoursun-protectionhabitsonice."It'simportanttowearsun-screenwhenthere

isalotofglarefromthesnow,“saysVictoriaMar,directoroftheVictorianMelanoma

ServiceatAlfredHospitalinMelbourne,Australia.

Finally,youshouldmonitoryourmolesaEarlydetectionofmelanomaisvital

forsuccessfultreatment,“saysDiffey.Ifit'scaughtbeforeitspreadstootherparts

ofthebody,thepatientwillhave99%ofchancetosurviveforfiveyears.Ifit's

caughtlate,thatcandropto25%.Warningsignsareamolethat'schangingsize,shape

orcolour,oronethat,sasymmetrical一sometimesreferredtoas“uglyduckling“moles.

Ifyouhaveconcerns,talktoyourdoctor.

1.WhatJsthemaincauseoftheriseofmelanoma?

A.Theclimatechange.B.Betterdetection.

C.Moreexposuretothesun.D.Theincreaseofskincancer.

2.What'samistakeaccordingtoexperts?

A.Applyingsunscreeninsummer.

B.Wearingsun-screenwhenthereissnow.

C.Usingsunscreenduringlowerriskmonths.

D.Droppingsun-protectionhabitsinwinter.

3.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?

A.Preventionisbetterthancure.

B.Healthisbetterthanwealth.

C.Adiseaseknownishalfcured.

D.Whenthesuncomesin,thedoctorcomesout.

4.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?

A.DetectMelanoma.B.BewareWinterRays.

C.MonitorYourMoles.D.SpendLessTimeOutdoors.

7.【2021年河北唐山模拟，阅读D】

Astrongcoffeeafterapoornight*ssleepisthekick-startmanypeopleneedinthe

morningbutnewresearchsuggeststhatitmightbebesttohaveabitetoeatfirst.

Astudyhasfoundthatdrinkingcoffeefirstcanhaveanegativeeffectonbloodsugar

control-ariskfactorfordiabetes（糖尿病）andheartdisease.

uWeknowthatnearlyhalfofuswillwakeinthemorningand,beforedoinganything

else,drinkcoffee---subjectivelythemoretiredwefeel,thestrongerthecoffee,“said

ProfessorJamesBetts,attheUniversityofBathintheUK.

Fortheirstudy,researchersattheUniversityofBathgot29healthymenandwomen

totakepartinthreedifferentovernightexperiments,withatleastaweekbetweenthem.

Inone,theparticipantshadanormalnight'ssleep,roughlyfrom11p.m.to7a.m.,

andwereaskedtoconsumeasugarydrinkonwakinginthemorning.Theythenexperienced

aninterruptednight,ssleep,wheretheresearcherswokethemeveryhourforfiveminutes

bysendingthemtextmessagestowhichtheyhadtorespond一anduponwakingweregiven

thesamesugarydrink.

Onanothernight,participantsexperiencedthesamesleepinterruption,butthistime

werefirstgivenastrongblackcoffee30minutesbeforeconsumingthesugarydrink.

Theyfoundthatonenightofinterruptedsleepdidnotworsentheparticipants，blood

sugarandinsulin（胰岛素）responseswhencomparedtothenormalnight'ssleep-although

previousresearchsuggestedthatlosingmanyhoursofsleepormanynightsofpoorsleep

couldhaveanegativeeffect.However,strongblackcoffeeconsumedbeforebreakfast

actuallyincreasedthebloodsugarresponsebyaround50%一suggestingthatrelyingon

coffeeafterabadnighttostopfeelingsleepycouldlimityourbody，sabilitytotolerate

thesugarinyourbreakfast.

1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“kick-start"inparagraph1referto?

A.Akindofsport.B.Akindofpower.

C.Akindofmedicine.D.Akindofbelief.

2.Whatwasunchangedinthethreeexperiments?

A.Thedurationofsleep.B.Thebloodsugarresponse.

C.Thesugarydrink.D.Theintakeofcoffee.

3.Whatincreasedtheparticipants'bloodsugarresponsemostbeforebreakfast?

A.Anormalsugarydrink.B.Anormalnight，ssleep.

C.Aninterruptednight,ssleep.D.Acupofstrongblackcoffee.

4.Howdidresearchersdrawtheconclusion?

A.Bycomparingtheresults.B.Bylistingsomeexamples.

C.Bysurveyingtheparticipants.D.Byreferringtosomedocuments.

答案以及解析

1.答案：1-4DBAD

解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段中的"Onlyhumansandchimps,shesaid,hadasystemof

communicationwheretheydeliberatelysentamessagetoanothergroupmember.“可知，人

类和黑猩猩的相似之处是，他们会有意地向其他成员传递信息、,进行沟通。

2.推理判断题。本题问及DrShultz是如何看待这项研究的。现将选项内容与文中线索进行对比分

出其他动物通过非语言交流方式所传达的信息。所以黑猩猩手势的交流方式还是和人类语言的交流

方式存在差异。difference”不同；差异”与gulf意思一致。

4.标题归纳题。根据第一段中的uResearcherssaytheyhavetranslatedthemeaningofgestures

thatwildchimpanzeesusetocommunicate.”以及文章对这方面的讨论可知，文章主要讲研究

人员对黑猩猩手势的研究及一些成果,所以D项为本文的最佳标题。

2.答案:1-3BCB

解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，该研究聚焦于狗是否能够理解人类的表情。

2.推理判断题。本题问及从第二段中我们可以了解到有关这次研究的什么内容。现将选项内容和文

中线索进行对比分析,具体如下：

选正分析

项误

AX第二段第三句提到对狗进行测试，但并未提到是随机测试。A项属于无中生有。

BX根据第二段内容可知，研究人员只是先后展示了一张人脸的不同部分或者是不同的图

片,但并未使用多样化的方法来测试。B项属于曲解文意。

CV根据第二段第二句和第三句可知,在训练阶段让狗去看人类脸部的上半部分或者下半

部分；而在测试阶段,研究人员通过给狗看人脸的另一部分或者与之前训练中完全不

同的图像来测试狗区分人类面部表情的能力。故C项“两个阶段使用了不一样的图片”

正确。

DX第二段并未提及测试前给狗拍照的相关内容，D项属于无中生有。

3.段落大意题。根据最后一段内容可知,本段探讨了狗能够辨别人类面部表情可能的原因。

3.答案:1-4DBAB

解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Manypeoplenowmisunderstandemotionalintelligence

asalmosteverythingdesirableinaperson'smakeupthatcannotbemeasuredbyanIQ

test...〃可知,许多人将情商误解为一个人的特质中无法被智商测试所衡量的几乎所有可取的部分,

比如性格、动机、自信，情绪稳定、乐观和人际交往能力;再根据第二段对这一误解的说明可推知，

常见对情商的误解是认为它指一个人积极的品质。

2.推理判断题。第二段首句为第二段中心句,而后提及的医生与骗子即是为了说明这一观点,医生用

情商救人,骗子用情商害人,即情商既可用于做好事,也可用做坏事。

3.推理判断题。根据第三段内容尤其是"theoveralleffectsofthepublicityhavebeenmore

beneficialthanharmful"可知,作者对未来情商的普及是赞许的。

4.段落大意题。根据最后一段可知，作者在该段表达对未来的情商研究的期望。

4.答案:1-4ACDD

解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段中采访者说的话"That'swhyIhaveamembershipatthe

coworkingspaceacrossthestreet—soIcanfocus.”可知，采访者觉得共享办公空间能让其更

加集中注意力。

2.细节理解题。根据第二段中的“however,theparticipantsinthe70decibelsgroup—those

exposedtoalevelofnoisesimilartobackgroundchatterinacoffeeshop—significantly

outperformedtheothergroups〃可知，70分贝的噪声更有助于促进人们的创造性思维。

3.细节理解题。根据最后一段中的"Theproblemmaybethat,inouroffices,wecan'tstop

ourselvesfromgettingdrawnintoothers*conversationswhilewe'retryingtofocus.，z

可知,在开放的办公室,人们很容易被别人打扰。

4.推理判断题。根据第一段第一句"Duringaninterviewforoneofmybooks,myinterviewer

saidsomethingIstillthinkaboutoften.”可推知，作者是一名作家。

5.答案:l.C;2.C;3.D;4.A

解析：1.细节理解题。根据文章第二段第三句Thenewtrainmodel,calledtheCoradiailint,

signalsthebeginningofeffortsinGermanyandothernationstomoveawayfrom

pollution-producingdiesel（柴油）trains.可知，这种名为Coradiailint的新型火车模型标

志着德国和其他国家开始努力摆脱污染排放的柴油火车。因此可知为了取代柴油火车,德国要建造

新火车。故正确答案为C。

2.细节理解题。根据文章第六段第一、二句Hydrogen-poweredtrainscostmorethandiesel

trainstobuild.ButAlstomofficialssaytheoperatingcostsaremuchlower.可知,

氢动力火车比柴油火车造价高。但Alstom管理人士表示，运营成本要低得多。因此可知Coradia

Hint的一个优点是它的运行成本要低得多。故正确答案为C。

3.推理判断题。根据文章第四段全段Itusesaprocessthatcombineshydrogenandoxygento

produceelectricalpower.Ifthesystemproducesmoreenergythanthetrainneedsatthat

time,itcanstoretheextraenergyinbatteries.Theonlyemissions（排放物）arewater

andsteam.可知，它利用氢和氧的合成过程来产生电能。如果该系统产生的能量超过列车当时的

需要，它可以将多余的能量储存在电池中。唯一的排放物是水和蒸汽。因此可知氢动力火车是环保

的。故D项正确。A项，“氢动力火车被广泛使用”。根据文章第一段第一句Theworld，sfirst

hydrogen-poweredtrainshavebegunrunninginGermany.可知，世界上第一辆氢动力火车在德

国开始运行。因此可知氢动力火车没有被广泛使用。故A项错误。C项，“氢动力火车可以阻止空

气污染”。根据文章第四段全段Itusesaprocessthatcombineshydrogenandoxygento

produceelectricalpower.Ifthesystemproducesmoreenergythanthetrainneedsatthat

time,itcanstoretheextraenergyinbatteries.Theonlyemissions（排放物）arewater

andsteam.可知，它利用氢和氧的合成过程来产生电能。如果该系统产生的能量超过列车当时的

需要，它可以将多余的能量储存在电池中。唯一的排放物是水和蒸汽。因此可知氢动力火车很环保,

但是并不意味着氢动力火车可以阻止空气污染。故C项错误。B项，“氢动力火车能产生水和氧”。

根据文章第四段第一、三句