2023届北京市房山区高三一模英语试卷 （解析版）

房山区2023年高三年级第一次模拟考试

英语

本试卷共10页，100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无

效。考试结束后，将答题卡交回，试卷自行保存。

第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）

第一节（共10小题海小题1.5分,共15分）

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在

答题卡上将该项涂黑。

IglancedtomyleftandrightasIgotreadyatthestartingline.Thesightofothercompetitorswhohadconfident

andfierce-lookingfacesgotmegoosebumpsandIwasevenmore]thanbefore.

“Onyourmark,getset...Go!”shoutedtheraceofficial.Ipushedmyselfforwardwithallmy2and

startedrunningasthoughaprideofman-eatinglionswerecomingafterme.AsIran,Icouldseetheothercompetitors

catchingupwithme.Allofasudden,Ifelldownonmyknees.Ahundredpairsofeyesboredintome,watchingme

3togetup.ButnomatterhowhardItried,Ijustcouldnotdoit.

"No,itcannotendlikethis.Ihaveto4thisrace.^^Ithoughttomyself.However,thepainfrommyinjury

wassounbearablethatIfelttotally5.1reallywantedtogiveup.

Outofdespair,Igazedupatthefinishingline.Justthen,akindcompetitor6herhandtome.

“Thankyou...”Iwhispered7asIgrabbedherhandandshepulledmeup.

Shelentmehershoulderforsupport,andI8forward.Thecrowdcheeredatthisbrilliantdisplayof

9.Together,bothofuscrossedthefinishingline.

EventhoughInevergotthechancetolearnhername,Iwillalwaysrememberherastheonewhostepped

forwardtohelpmewhenIwasin10.

1.A.tiredB.confusedC.nervousD.regretful

2.A.joyB.mightC.troubleD.shame

3.A.attemptB.hesitateC.waitD.pretend

4.A.organizeB.evaluateC.appreciateD.complete

5.A.defeatedB.inspiredC.shockedD.relaxed

6.A.wavedB.extendedC.showedD.pointed

7.A.proudlyB.cautiouslyC.awkwardlyD.gratefully

8.A.movedB.fellC.bentD.looked

9.A.partnershipB.sportsmanshipC.leadershipD.friendship

10.A.angerB.doubtC.needD.silence

【答案】l.C2.B3.A4.D5.A6.B7.D8.A9.B10.C

【解析】

【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。讲述了作者在一次跑步比赛中，摔倒了，膝盖的疼痛让作者无法继续前进。就

在作者感到绝望时，旁边的选手停下来，搀扶着作者走向终点线.这让作者很是感动，并会永远记住这个在

他需要帮助时，及时向他伸出援助之手的人。

【1题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：看着旁边充满自信且表情凶神恶煞的其他竞争者，我感到浑身起鸡皮疙瘩，

我比之前更加紧张。A.tired疲惫的;B.confused困惑的；C.nervous紧张的；D.regretful后悔的。根据前

文“Thesightofothercompetitorswhohadconfidentandfierce-lookingfacesgotmegoosebumps”可知，此处

指作者看着旁边的人充满自信感到更加紧张，故选C。

【2题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：我用尽全身力气向前冲，尽管后面一群吃人的狮子紧跟在我后面。A.joy高

兴，喜悦;B.might强大力量,威力;C.trouble困难;D.shame羞愧。根据后文“andstartedrunning"可

知，此处指我用尽全身强大的力量先前冲，故选B。

【3题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：一百双眼睛盯着我看，看我努力试图爬起来。A.attempt企图，努力；B.

hesitate犹豫;C.wait等待；D.pretend假装。根据前文“Allofasudden,Ifelldownonmyknees."可知，此

处指我在赛跑时摔倒了，故努力试图爬起来，故填A。

【4题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：我心里想：“不，不能就这样结束了。我必须完成这次比赛”。A.organize组

织；B.evaluate评估，评价；C.appreciate欣赏，感激；D.complete完成。根据前文“No,itcannotendlike

this.”可知，此处指不能就这样结束，我必须完成这次比赛，故选D。

【5题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是，我膝盖上的疼痛如此无法忍受，以至于我感觉很泄气。A.defeated泄

气的,受挫的；B.inspired受到鼓舞的；C.shocked震惊的；D.relaxed放松的。根据上文“However,the

painfrommyinjurywassounbearablen以及后文”Ireallywantedtogiveup.”可知,此处指我想放弃，因此

我是感觉很泄气的，故选A。

【6题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，一个善良的竞争者向我伸出了手。A.waved挥手；B.extended延

伸，伸出；C.showed展示;D.pointed指向。根据后文“asIgrabbedherhandandshepulledmeup”可知，

此处指她向我伸出手，故选B。

【7题详解】

考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我抓住她的手，她把我拉起来的时候，我感激地说着“谢谢你”。A.proudly

骄傲地；B.cautiously谨慎地；C.awkwardly尴尬地；D.gratefully感激地。根据前文“akindcompetitor

6herhandtome.”可知,此处指我很感激那个向我伸出手的竞争者，因此是感激地说着谢谢，故选

D,

【8题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：她把肩膀借给我支撑，我向前移动。A.moved移动；B.fell摔，落；C.bent弯

腰；D.looked看。根据后文“Together,bothofuscrossedthefinishingline."可知，此处指我支撑着她的肩

膀，向终点线移动，故选A。

【9题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：观众为这种杰出的体育精神而欢呼。A.partnership合伙，合作关系；B.

sportsmanship体育精神；C.leadership领导才能；D.friendship友谊。根据前文"Together,bothofuscrossed

thefinishingline.”可知，此处指我在比赛中摔倒了，旁边的人扶着我走向终点，这是一种体育精神，故选

Bo

30题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管我不知道她的名字，但我将永远记得她，因为她是在我有需要时，走上前

来帮助我的那个人。A.anger怒气；B.doubt疑惑；C.need需要；D.silence沉默。根据前文“Outof

despair,Igazedupatthefinishingline.Justthen,akindcompetitor6herhandtome.”可知，此处指她在

我需要帮助时，向我伸出了援助之手，故选C。

第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)

A

阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处

用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

WhenIwassevenyearsold,Icaughtacoldandhadtostayathome.Myparentshadtowork,somyneighbor

cameovertolookafterme.Shereadmanydifferentbookstome11(patient),includingadventuressetin

ancienttimes,travelstories,familydramas,historicalnovels,etc.Tomyjoy,12(listen)toeachbookmade

mefeellikewatchingamovie,butbetterbecausebooksgavemuchmoredetailsthanmovies.Shestartedmyinterest

inreading.Nextyear,aftergraduatingfromcollege,I13(have)ajobteachingEnglish.IhopethatIcan

transfertheloveofreadingtomystudents.

【答案】11.patiently

12.listening

13.willhave##amgoingtohave

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者小时候，邻居激发了作者的阅读兴趣。

【II题详解】

考查副词。句意：她耐心地给我读了很多不同的书，包括古代冒险故事、旅行故事、家庭剧、历史小说

等。修饰动词，用副词形式。故填patiently。

【12题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：让我高兴的是，每听一本书都让我感觉像在看电影，但更好，因为书比电影提供

了更多的细节。分析句子结构可知，句中缺少主语，所以用动名词作主语。故填listening。

【13题详解】

考查时态。句意：明年，大学毕业后，我将有一份教英语的工作。根据时间状语Nextyear可知，用一般将

来时。故填willhave/amgoingtohave。

B

阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处

用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

BeijingOlympicPark,also14(know)astheOlympicGreen,islocatedinChaoyangDistrict,Beijing,

withatotallandareaof11.59squarekilometers.ThefamousNationalStadiumor"Bird'sNest“isthecenterpiece

ofthepark,15theopeningandclosingceremoniesofthe2022BeijingWinterOlympicswerehosted.The

NationalAquaticsCenteror“WaterCube“hostedtheswimming,divingandsynchronizedswimmingevents.Itwas

transformed16the"IceCube"fbrthe2022BeijingWinterOlympicandParalympicGames,anddetachable

curlingtrackswerebuiltontheswimmingpooltohostcurlingevents.

【答案】14.known

15.where16.into##to

【解析】

【导语】本文为一篇说明文。介绍了北京奥林匹克公园。

【14题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：北京奥林匹克公园，又称奥林匹克公园，位于北京市朝阳区，总土地面积11.59

平方公里。根据句子分析可知，此处作定语，主语BeijingOlympicPark与know之间为被动关系，故应用

过去分词作后置定语。故填known。

【15题详解】

考查定语从句。句意：著名的国家体育馆或者“鸟巢”是公园的中心，在这里举办了2022年北京冬奥会

的开幕式和闭幕式。根据句子分析可知，此处引导定语从句，先行词为ThefamousNationalStadiumor

“Bird'sNest”，在定语从句中作地点状语，故应用where引导。故填where。

【16题详解】

考查介词。句意：为2022年北京冬奥会和残运会，将它改造成了“冰立方”，并在游泳池上建造了可拆

卸的冰壶跑道，以举办冰壶比赛。根据句意可知，此处意为“转变为，改变为"，表达为betransformed

into/tOo故填into/tOo

C

阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处

用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

WorldEnvironmentDay(WED)isadayweallneedtoputinour17(diary).IthappensonJune5

everyyearandshouldbeoneofthemostimportantdaysoftheholidaycalendar.WED18(create)in1972

bytheUnitedNationsGeneralAssembly.Theenvironmentwasn'tsuchabigissuebackthen.Butitisoneofthe

hottesttopicsintheworldtoday.WEDhelpsraiseworldwideawarenessofthethreatstoourenvironment.

19peoplecandothatdayistostartchanginglifestylestoreducetheircarbonfootprint.Many

environmentalagenciesorganizeeventsbasedondifferentthemeseachyear.Theseeventsencourageboth

governmentsandlocalcommunitiestoworktogether20(handle)environmentalproblems.

【答案】17.diaries

18.wascreated

19.What20.tohandle

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界环境日。

【17题详解】

考查名词的数。句意：世界环境日是我们每个人都需要记在日记里的一天。名词diary为可数名词，根据

形容词性物主代词。ur可知，用名词的复数形式。故填diaries。

【18题详解】

考查时态语态。句意：世界环境日由联合国大会于1972年创立。根据时间状语in1972可知，用一般过去

时。主语WED是单数，与create之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填wascreated。

【19题详解】

考查名词性从句。句意：人们在这一天能做的就是开始改变生活方式来减少碳足迹。本句为主语从句，从

句缺少宾语，指物，所以用连接代词what引导。故填What。

【20题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：这些活动鼓励政府和当地社区共同努力解决环境问题。句中用不定式作目的状

语。故填tohandle。

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，38分）

第一节（共14小题;每小题2分，共28分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该

项涂黑。

A

Tohelpnewstudents,theInternationalBusinessInstitute（IBI）planstosetupabuddy（伙伴）peersupport

project.TheprojectwillhelpnewstudentsmeetcurrentstudentsatIBIwhocanprovidethemwithsomefriendly

companyduringtheirfirstmonthsinNewcastleandhelpthemwithanysmallproblemsthattheymayhave.

Whafsinitforyou?

Webelievethatbeingabuddywillberewardinginseveralways.Asavolunteer,itwillbepersonallysatisfying

toknowthatyouareabletohelpnewstudents.Itwillalsohelpyoumakecontactsthatmaybevaluableinyour

futureacademicandprofessionallives.Ifyouareanoverseasstudent,itwillgiveyouanotheropportunitytopractise

speakingEnglish.

Responsibilitiesofbuddies

•Telephoneandarrangetomakecontactwiththenewstudent.

•Meetthestudentandshowhim/heraroundthecampusandthelocalarea.Answerquestionsaboutlivingin

NewcastleandadministrationproceduresatIBI.

•Arrangetomeetthenewstudentonemorningorafternoononeweekendearlyinthesemester,andtakethe

studenttoplacesthatyouenjoyinNewcastle.

•Bepreparedtotakephonecallsfromthenewstudenttoanswerfurtherquestionsthathe/shemayhavefrom

timetotime.Meettoexplaininformationtothenewstudentinperson,ifrequired.

•Youwillbematchedtoanindividualnewstudent.However,ifyouhavefriendswhoarealsobuddies,you

mightprefertoformasupportgrouptogether.Thiswouldmeanthatyoumeetthenewstudentsasagrouprather

thanone-on-one.

•Beingabuddyisvoluntary.Thereisno“requirement”toprovideassistancebeyondthehelpoutlinedabove.

Pleasenotethatifyouagreetobecomeapeersupportbuddyyouwillbeexpectedtofulfilyourrole

conscientiouslyandcheerfully.Itwillbeimportanttobeconsiderateandreliablesothatthestudentcanfeelconfident

inyoursupport.

21.Accordingtothepassage,whatbenefitcanyougetfrombeingabuddy?

A.Youcanlearnhowtobeaconfidentperson.

B.Itiseasyforyoutofindsomefriendlycompany.

C.Youcanberewardedwithbothmoneyandprizes.

D.Itmaybehelpfulforyourfuturestudiesandcareer.

22.Asabuddy,youneedto.

A.formasupportgroupwithothervolunteersatIBI

B.provideassistanceinstudyingeachsubjectafterclass

C.meetthenewstudenteverymorningearlyinthesemester

D.helpthenewstudentgetfamiliarwithhisorhersurroundings

23.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthispassage?

A.Tointroducecampuslifefornewstudents.

B.Toattractpotentialvolunteerstobepeersupporters.

C.ToofferanopportunitytopractisespeakingEnglish.

D.Toprovidesomeinformationaboutstudyingoverseas.

【答案】21.D22.D23.B

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍了国际商业学院（IBI）计划设立的‘帮助伙伴项目’的好处以及

其成员的责任。

[21题详解】

细节理解题。根据Whafsinitforyou?部分中“Itwillalsohelpyoumakecontactsthatmaybevaluablein

yourfutureacademicandprofessionallives.（它还会帮助你建立对你未来的学术和职业生涯有价值的联系）”可

知，成为伙伴帮助者可能对你未来的学习和职业有帮助。故选D。

【22题详解】

细节理解题。根据Responsibilitiesofbuddies部分第二点中“Meetthestudentandshowhim/heraroundthe

campusandthelocalarea.（与学生见面，并带他/她参观校园和当地地区）“可知，作为一名伙伴帮助者，你

需要帮助新生熟悉环境。故选D。

[23题详解】

推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中"Tohelpnewstudents,theInternationalBusinessInstitute（1BI）

planslosetupabuddy（伙伴）peersupportproject.（为了帮助新生，国际商业学院（IBI）计划设立'帮助伙伴

项目‘）”可知，文章主要介绍了国际商业学院（IBI）计划设立的'帮助伙伴项目’的好处以及其成员的

责任，目的是吸引潜在的志愿者成为伙伴帮助者。故选B。

B

Bornwithseverehearingloss,Lihasfoundherwaytocommunicatewiththeworld—throughpainting.

Beforelearningtopaint,Lialwaysfeltlonelyinasilentworld.Sheknewshewasdifferentfromherpeers

becauseshecouldnothear.Butapaintingclassinprimaryschoolopenedforheradoortocreativityandawayof

expression.

“Istillremembermyfirstmural,whichwastohelpakindergartentodesignandpaintitswall,“Lisays."The

projectmademerealizehowhappyIwasimmersingmyselfintopainting.^^

Topursueherpassionforart,Liwenttostudyadvertisingdesignatavocationalandtechnicalschool.'Tainting

brushescanhelpmecreateacolorfulworldinmyimagination,tellingmythoughtsonpaper,insteadofthrough

voices,Lisaid.

Graduatingfromcollegein2005,Ligotajobasatypistatapublicinstitute.Butshecouldnotcommunicate

wellwithherothercolleagues.Herhusbandunderstoodhowshefeltbecausehelosthishearingduetomedication

whenhewas1yearold.Heisalsoanartlover.InMarch2016,underherhusband'ssuggestion,Liquitherjoband

joinedherhusband'scompany,whichspecializesin3Dwallandgroundpaintings.

Wallpaintingisademandingjobbecauseitrequirespeopletoworkoutdoors,whetherinextremelycoldorhot

weather.Asallthepeoplearehearing-impairedintheircompany,communicationwithclientsisthemostcommon

challengethattheteamfaces.

Nowinmanyparksandscenicspots,thecouplehavecreatedlarge-scalemuralsandinteractivepavement

paintingthatmakeonlookersapartofthedrawings.

“MyhusbandandIwanttointroducepaintingtomorepeoplelikeusandhelpthemfindtheirownwaytomake

aliving,9,Lisays.NowLihasanapprenticewhojustgraduatedfromcollege.Whilecoachingthenewcomer,Liis

exploringherownstyleandhopestobecomeanillustratorandopenherownexhibitiononeday.

“They'reenergeticyoungpeoplewithapassiontocreatenewthings,andyoucanfeelthatintheirpaintings,

oneoftheirclientssaid."They'realsoaprofessional,dedicatedteam,oftenworkinglateintothenightonthedesigns

forus.”

Lihopesthattheirstoriescanencouragemorehearing-impairedpeopletobuildtheirowncareersandachieve

theirgoals,regardlessofhowtoughitmaybe.

24.Accordingtothepassage,thepaintingclassinprimaryschool.

A.startedLi'sfirstadvertisingdesign

B.helpedLifindanewwaytoexpressherself

C.madeLilearnabout3Dwallandgroundpaintings

D.turnedLi'sdreamofopeninganexhibitionintoreality

25.Whatcanweknowfromthispassage?

A.Licancommunicatewithherclientseasily.

B.LilostherhearingwhenshewasIyearold.

C.Liandherhusbandhavecreatedmanywonderfulpaintings.

D.Liandherhusbandhopetobecomeillustratorsinthefuture.

26.Tohelppeoplewithhearingloss,whatdoesLiintendtodo?

A.Donatemoneytothem.B.Designpaintinggiftsforthem.

C.Inspirethemtocreatetheirowncareers.D.Supportthemtocompletecollegeeducation.

27.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?

A.Oneisnevertoooldtolearn.B.Failureisthemotherofsuccess.

C.Acceptingwhatyouhavemakesyouhappy.D.Nothingisimpossibletothemanwhowilltry.

【答案】24.B25.C26.C27.D

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Li天生听力严重受损，但她通过绘画找到了与世界交流的方式，

她希望她的故事能鼓励那些与她一样听力受损的人建立自己的事业，实现自己的梦想。

【24题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段中的"Buiapaintingclassinprimaryschoolopenedforheradoortocreativityanda

wayofexpression.（但小学的绘画课为她打开了一扇通往创造力和表达方式的大门。）”可知，小学的绘画课

为她打开了创造力与表达自己的大门。故选B项。

[25题详解】

细节理解题。根据倒数第四段中的"Nowinmanyparksandscenicspots,thecouplehavecreatedlarge-scale

muralsandinteractivepavementpaintingthatmakeonlookersapartofthedrawings/现在，在很多公园和景

区，这对夫妇创作了大型壁画和互动路面绘画，让旁观者成为绘画的一部分。）”可知，在许多公园和景点

都能见到Li与她丈夫的作品，由此可知，她与她丈夫创作了许多美好的绘画。故选C。

【26题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段中的"Lihopesthattheirstoriescanencouragemorehearing-impairedpeopleto

buildtheirowncareersandachievetheirgoals,regardlessofhowtoughitmaybe.（Li希望他们的故事可以鼓励

更多的听障人士建立自己的事业并实现自己的目标，无论多么艰难。）”可知，Li希望用自己的故事激励

那些跟她一样听力受损的人无论有多难，要建立自己的事业，实现自己的梦想。故选C项。

27题详解】

主旨大意题。根据首段"Bornwithseverehearingloss,Lihasfoundherwaytocommunicatewiththeworld一

throughpainting4天生患有严重的听力损失，李找到了与世界交流的方式——通过绘画。）”可知，Li虽听

力受损，但她仍找到了与世界沟通的方式---绘画，根据第四段中的“Topursueherpassionforart,Liwent

tostudyadvertisingdesignatavocationalandtechnicalschool.（为了追求自己对艺术的热情，李去一所职业技

术学校学习广告设计。）”可知，她为追求自己对艺术热爱，她上大学学习广告设计，并顺利毕业，找到一

份工作，但她不满意自己的工作状况，又辞职与她丈夫从事3D墙面和地面绘画，并在各公园和旅游景点

创作许多的艺术作品，由此可知，本文主要告诉我们的是，只要肯努力，没有什么不可能。故选D项。

C

Vastunderwatermeadows（草甸）ofgentlywavingseagrasscoverhundredsofmilesupanddowntheWest

Coast.Theseblue-greenfieldsperformavarietyofimportantservices.Theyprotecttheshorelinefromerosion,clear

pollutantsfromthewaterandprovidehabitatsforallkindsofmarineanimals.

Newresearchsuggestsseagrassmeadowsmayalsomitigateaseriousconsequenceofgreenhousegasemissions:

thesteadyacidificationofoceanwaters.ThestudypublishedinthejournalGlobalChangeBiologyfindsthatsea

grassforestscanraisepHlevelsincoastalwaters.Astheyperformphotosynthesis（光合作用），theyremovecarbon

dioxidefromthewater,counteractingtheacidifyingeffectofthegas.

“Ithinkweareallveryexcitedaboutit,“saidleadstudyauthorAuroraRicart,ascientistattheBigelow

LaboratoryforMarineSciences.

Oceanacidificationisasideeffectofrisingcarbondioxidelevelsintheatmosphere.SomeofthisCO2dissolves

outoftheairandintotheseacausingachemicalreactionthatlowersthewater'spH.Scientistssometimesreferto

itasglobalwarming's"eviltwin^^—aninvisiblecompaniontoclimatechange.

Oceanacidificationcanhaveharmfuleffectsonmarineorganismslikeshellfishandcoralbypreventingthem

fromproperlyformingthehardshellstheyneedtosurvive.Ifsathreatbothtonaturalecosystemsandtoshellfish

fisheriesaroundtheworld.Thestudypresentsanaturalwaytoaddresstheproblem.

Researchersanalyzedsixyearsofdatafromseagrassmeadowsspanningmorethan600milesofftheCalifornia

coastline.Itfocusedonthecommoneelgrass,oneofthemostwidespreadseagrassspeciesontheWestCoast.The

authorsclaimit'sthelargest,mostcomprehensivestudyofitskind.

Accordingtothestudy,seagrassecosystemscanraisepHlevelsbymorethan0.1unit,equivalenttoabouta

30%decreaseinacidity.Theeffectisn'tconstant.Itcomesinwavesandisinfluencedbytemperature,daylight,ocean

currentsandotherfactorsthataffectwaterchemistryandseagrassphotosynthesisrates.Butthetemperinginfluence

onacidificationcanbelasting,sometimespersistingforuptothreeweeksatatime.ThestudyalsoshowsthatpHis

higherinseagrassecosystems,comparedtonearbyareaswithnoseagrass,about65%ofthetime.

Thestudydidn'tinvestigatetheeffectsofhigherpHonmarineorganisms—that'saquestionforfutureresearch.

Butthere'sreasontobelievethesemeadowsmayhaveapositiveinfluenceonshellfishandotheroceananimals.

28.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?

A.SeagrassforestscanlowerpHlevelsofcoastalwaters.

B.Shellfishandcoralsarenotaffectedbyoceanacidification.

C.Seagrassmeadowscanhelpremovepollutantsfromtheseawater.

D.TheeffectsofhigherpHonmarineorganismswereinvestigatedinthisstudy.

29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“mitigate“inParagraph2probablymean?

A.Relieve.B.Present.C.Cause.D.Predict.

30.Paragraph7tellsustheresearch.

A.findingsB.processC.questionsD.reflection

31.Whydoestheauthorwritethispassage?

A.Toillustratetheserioussituationofclimatechange.

B.Topresentthelivingconditionsoftheunderwatermeadows.

C.Toemphasizetheimportanceofresearchonmarinepollution.

D.Tointroduceanaturalwaytosolvetheproblemofoceanacidification.

【答案】28.C29.A30.A31.D

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了一项研究发现，海草草甸还可以缓解由温室气体排放导致的海水

持续酸化。

【28题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一一段中“Theyprotecttheshorelinefromerosion,clearpollutantsfromthewaterand

providehabitatsforallkindsofmarineanimals』它们保护海岸线免受侵蚀，清除水中的污染物，为各种海洋

动物提供栖息地）”可知，海草草甸可以帮助去除海水中的污染物。故选C。

【29题详解】

词义猜测题。根据第二段中“ThestudypublishedinthejournalGlobalChangeBiologyfindsthatseagrass

forestscanraisepHlevelsincoastalwaters.Astheyperformphotosynthesis（光合作用），theyremovecarbon

dioxidefromthewater,counteractingtheacidifyingeffectofthegas.（这项发表在《全球变化生物学》杂志上的

研究发现，海草林可以提高沿海水域的pH值。当它们进行光合作用时，它们会从水中去除二氧化碳，抵

消气体的酸化作用）”可知，海草能去除水中的二氧化碳，从而抵消气体的酸化作用，由此可推知，画线词

所在句意为“新的研究表明，海草草地还可以缓解温室气体排放的严重后果：海水的持续酸化"，mitigate

意为“缓解”。故选A。

【30题详解】

段落大意题。根据第七段内容，结合本段首句“Accordingtothestudy,seagrassecosystemscanraisepH

levelsbymorethan0.1unit,equivalenttoabouta30%decreaseinacidity.（根据这项研究，海草生态系统可以将

pH值提高0.1个单位以上，相当于酸度降低30%左右）”以及末句“ThestudyalsoshowsthatpHishigherin

seagrassecosystems,comparedtonearbyareaswithnoseagrass,about65%ofthetime.（研究还表明，与附近没

有海草的地区相比，海草生态系统的pH值在65%的时间里更高）”可知，本段主要告诉我们这项研究的结

果。故选A。

【31题详解】

推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合第二段中“Newresearchsuggestsseagrassmeadowsmayalsomitigatea

seriousconsequenceofgreenhousegasemissions:thesteadyacidificationofoceanwaters.（新的研究表明，海草

草地还可以缓解温室气体排放的严重后果：海水的持续酸化）”及第五段最后一句"Thestudypresentsa

naturalwaytoaddresstheproblem.（这项研究提出了一种解决这一问题的自然方法）”可知，文章主要介绍了

一项研究发现，海草草甸可以缓解由温室气体排放导致的海水持续酸化，故本文目的是介绍一种解决海洋

酸化问题的自然方法。故选D。

D

Whenspecialoccasionssuchasbirthdaysorotherbigholidayeventscomearound,parentsoftenlookforthat

specialtoyfortheirchildren.Butthereisagrowingunderstandingthatgiftsoftimeandbonding,suchasvacations

andotherexperiences,makebetterandmorelastinggiftsforchildren.

Expertsagreethatgiftingchildrenwithmemorabletripsandfunexperiencesisbetterfortheirbodyandmind,

andhascorrespondingpositiveimpactsontherestofthefamily!

Ina2017studythatsurveyedabout500womenbetween18and93yearsold,Dr.Oravecz,ahumandevelopment

andfamilystudiesprofessoratPennsylvaniaStateUniversity,asked,“Mostpeoplefeellovedwhen...”Thestudy

showedthatthemostpopularanswershadnothingtodowithanymaterialitem.Dr.Oraveczsaid,“Ourresearch

foundthatmicro-momentsofpositivity,likeakindword,ahugwithachildorasympatheticexpression,makepeople

feelmostloved.

ClinicalpsychologistOliverJamesagrees.Hestatedthatasopposedtotoys,detailsfromatriparemorelikely

to“stickwiththemfbrlongafterthevacationends.”Whenfamiliesinteractinastress-freeenvironment,thiscreates

warm,generousfeelingstowardsoneanother,whicharelikelytoberememberedwithfondness.Vacationscreate

strongemotionalresponsesthatdon'toftencomewithmaterialpossessions.

Inaddition,BritishchildpsychologistDr.MargotSunderlandbelievesthatvacationsmakechildrensmarter.

“Whatislesswidelyknownisthatvacationscanalsoadvancebraindevelopmentinchildren.Thisisbecauseona

familyvacation,youareexercisingtwogeneticallyingrainedsystemsdeepinthebrain*slimbic(边缘的)area,which

canalltooeasilybe'unexercised'inthehome."CitingtheworkofneuroscientistJaakPanksepp,Dr.Sunderland

said,"ThesearethePLAYsystemandtheSEEKINGsystem.,,“Thebrain'sPLAYsystemisexercisedeverytime

youburyyourchild'sfeetinthesandortakethemfbrarideonyourback.TheSEEKINGsystemisexercisedeach

timeyougoexploringtogether:thebeach,acave,ahiddenvillage...9,Shecontinued,44Sowhenyoutakeyourchild

onavacation,youaresupportingtheirexplorativeurge(SEEKINGsystem)—avitalresourceforlivinglifewell,and

theircapacitytoplay(PLAYsystem).Inadulthood,thistranslatesintotheabilitytoplaywithideas—essential,for

example,tothesuccessfulentrepreneur(企业家)

Inabusyhousehold,perhapsthefunofhavingthelatesttoymaynotlast,butthespaceitoccupiesinthehouse

couldbethereandgatherdust.Sofbrthenextroundofgift-givingwiththechildren,consideranexperientialgift

instead.Thereturnisdefinitelypriceless.

32.FromDr.Oravecz'sstudy,weknowthat.

A.hearingkindwordscanmakeapersonfeelmostloved

B.aspecialtoyforabirthdayismorelastingforchildren

C.womenattheageof18and93yearsoldfeelmoreloved

D.thefeelingofbeinglovediscloselyrelatedtomaterialgifts

33.