2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试仿真密卷

2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试仿真密卷（一）

英语

本试卷共150分，考试时间120分钟，考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

注意事项：

1.答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码

区域内。

2.选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整，笔

迹清楚。

3.请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效：在草稿纸、试

卷上答题无效。

4.作图可先使用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。

5.保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱。不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷

的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一

遍。

例：Howmuchistheshirt?

A.£19.15.

B.£9.18.

C.£9.15.

答案是C。

1.Howmanychildrenarethereintheclassroom?

A.Five.B.Seven.C.Twelve.

2.Howmuchwillthemanpay?

A.S15.B.$30.C.$60.

3.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?

A.Theman'scompany.

B.Phonebills.

C.Mistakesonline.

4.Whyisthewomanexcited?

A.Shejustleftheroldjob.

B.Shewashiredforanewjob.

C.Shegotaninterviewopportunity.

5.Whatdidthewomanlikebestabouthertrip?

A.Playingvolleyball.

B.Goingonaboattrip.

C.Swimminginthesea.

第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选

项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后,

各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6.WhenwillJimcutthegrass?

A.Today.

B.Tomorrow.

C.Inthreeweeks.

7.WhousuallycutMrsJohnson'sgrass?

A.Herself.

B.Jim.

C.Herhusband.

听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。

8.Whenistheguitarcoursescheduled?

A.OnFridayafternoon.

B.OnSaturdaymorning.

C.OnSundaymorning.

9.WhatwillthemandoonMarch3rd?

A.Havealesson.

B.Paythefee.

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C.Completethebookingfbitn.

10.Whatdoesthewomanmostprobablydo?

A.Aconsultant.

B.Astudent.

C.AChineseteacher.

听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。

11.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbe-tweenthespeakers?

A.Schoolmates.

B.Brotherandsister.

C.Teacherandstudent.

12.Whathappenedtotheman?

A.Hegotateaspotonhisshirt.

B.Hefellontothefloor.

C.Hebrokehisshoes.

13.Whatwillthemandoafterschool?

A.Buyanewshirt.

B.Tellhismotherwhathappened.

C.AskBettytogoshoppingwithhim.

听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。

14.WherewasGeorgeyesterday?

A.AttheTownHall.

B.Athome.

C.Intheoffice.

15.WhosebabydidGeorgetakecareof?

A.Hissister's.

B.Hisown.

C.Jessie's.

16.WhydidthewomanwanttospeaktoGeorgeyesterday?

A.Toaskhimforhelp.

B.Toinvitehimtodinner.

C.Toaskhimtoaconcert.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17.Whatkindofprogramisonat8:00pm?

A.Adrama.

B.Adocumentary.

C.Atalentshow.

18.Whomightliketheprogramat9:00pm?

A.Peoplewholikethenaturalworld.

B.Peoplewhoareinterestedinsinging.

C.PeoplewhoenjoybooksbyJoshStone.

19.Whattimedoesthecomedystartintheevening?

A.At10:00.

B.At11:00.

C.At12:00.

20.Whichmoviedoesthespeakerstronglyadvisepeopletowatch?

A.BigCats.

B.GoodEducation.

C.TheBicycleThieves.

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

Followthisfour-dayroute,andyou'llloseyourselfinthewizardingworldofHarryPotter.

Day1OverviewEdinburgh

J.K.asinScotland'scapitalcitythatJ.K.RowlingstartedtoplottheadventuresofHarryandhispals.With

stonedstreets,windingalleysandmedieval（中世纪的）architecture,thecitycertainlyhasafewthingsincommon

withthesettingsfromthebooksandfilms.Shewrotetheearlychaptersinvariouscafesaroundthecity'sOldTowns.

Day2OverviewtraveltoFortWilliam

TravelbytrainfromEdinburghtoGlasgow.Fromthere,youcantaketheWestHighlandLinetoFortWilliam.

Thisisagreatwaytoseesomefamousspotsfromthewindow,includingthemysteriousRannochMoor,theplace

whereDeathEatersboardthetraininthemovieHarryPotterandTheDeathlyHallows.

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Day3OverviewallaboardtheHogwartsExpress

WitnessthesweepingcinematicsceneryofthemovieHarryPotterbybookingaseatontheJacobiteSteam

Train.StopforlunchinMallaigandthenmakethereturnjourneytoFortWilliam.Pleasebesuretobookthesteam

traininadvance,asitisverypopular.Bytheway,itrunsseasonally.

Day4Overviewlakesandglens（峡谷）

Inthefilms,mysterious,mistylandscapesframethebackgroundofHarry'stale,soit'snosurprisethatthe

filmproducerschosetheHighlandsformanyscenes.Spendadaywanderingthroughsomeofthesebeautiful

spotsandfeelthemagicalatmosphere.

21.WhereJ.K.J.K.RowlingcreateHarryPotteratfirst?

A.InEdinburgh.

B.InMallaig.

C.InGlasgow.

D.InFortWilliam.

22.WhatshouldyoupayattentiontoiftakingtheJacobiteSteamTrain?

A.Reviewingthemovie.

B.Bookingticketsinadvance.

C.Bringinglunchaheadoftime.

0.Buyingone-wayticketspecially.

23.Inwhichsectionofanewspaperwillyoureadthetext?

A.CurrentAffairs.

B.Technology.

C.Tours.

D.Biography.

B

Forhis86thbirthday,ChengXiangwenenjoyedacorn-shapedcakehiscolleagueshadpreparedfbrhim."My

birthdaywishistodevelopbettercomvarieties,,,hesays.Afterthecelebration,hebegananotherjourneytoSanya,

inSouthChina'sHainanProvince,wherehehasworkedmostofhislife.Chengisascientistinagricultureand

spendsmostofhislifestudyingandcultivating（栽培）corn.HevisitsSanyainNovembereveryyearandstays

thereforsixmonthstocultivatecom.

Once,whenhewasconductingafieldsurvey,afemalefarmersaidtohimintears,uYougraduatedfromcollege.

Couldyoupleasefindawaytoincreasethecomoutputhere?Iftheyields（产量）arehigher,ourchildrenwill

nolongersufferfromhunger."Sincethen,Chenghasmadedevelopinghigh-yieldcomvarietieshislife'smission.

In1964,hecametoHainan,whereitwaswarmer,andstartedhisworkthere.Hegreatlyshortenedthe

cultivationperiodandcreatedhybridcornvarietiesforthefirsttime.Withthesenewvarieties,farmersinXunxian

Countysawtheiraveragecornout-putwasmorethan3,750kgperhectareperyear.

Despitethebeautifulcoastline,theenvironmentwhereChengworksusedtobetroubledbypovertyandpoor

traffic.Localsoncedescribedtheareaashavingalargenumberofrats,mosquitoes,andpoisonoussnakes.Atthat

time,hedideverythingonhisown.Helivedinalocalvillager'shouseandhefrequentlywenttothemountainsto

chopfirewoodtocook.Hishardwork,however,haspaidoff.Now,authoritieshaveapproved14new,high-yield

cornvarietiesChenghelpeddevelop.

Chengisdedicatedtodevelopinghigh-yieldcornvarietieswithstrongerresistanceandtheyareeasierto

harvestwithma-chines.Hestillgoestothefieldseachdayandobservesandrecordsthecornplants.^Cultivating

seedsislikeraisingkids.Onlybycarefulparentingcanyoubecomefamiliarwiththeirstrengthsandweaknesses

andhelpthemtogrowuphealthily,9,hesays.

24.WhatcanweinferaboutChengaccordingtoparagraphI?

A.HewasborninHainanProvince.

B.HeworksinSanyaforlessthanhalfayear.

C.Herestedforalongtimeafterhisbirthday.

D.Hewantstodevelophigher-yieldcornvarieties.

25.InwhichparagraphcanweknowthecauseofCheng'slife'smission?

A.Paragraph1.

B.Paragraph2.

C.Paragraph3.

□.Paragraph4.

26.WhatkindofdifficultydidChengmeetwithinHainan?

A.Unbearablehotweather.

B.Buildingahousewithouthelp.

C.Livingonpoisonouscreatures.

D.Theterriblelivingconditionsandsurroundings.

27.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeCheng?

A.Hard-workinganddetermined.

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B.Calmandcaring.

C.Fairandsympathetic.

D.Kindandgenerous.

C

Whenaheavystormhit,residentsofthefloatingcommunityofSchoonchipinAmsterdamhadlittledoubt

aboutwhethertheycouldrideitout.Theytieduptheirbikesandoutdoorbenches,andcheckedinwithneighbors

toensureeveryonehadenoughfoodandwaterastheirneighbor-hoodslidupanddownitssteelfoundationalpillars

（支柱）,risingalongwiththewaterandgoingbacktoitsoriginalpositionaftertherainstopped.

“Wefeelsaferinastonnbecausewearefloating/1saysSitiBoelen,aDutchtele-visionproducerwhomoved

intoSchoonchiptwoyearsago.Assealevelsriseandsuper-chargedstormscausewaterstorise,floating

neighborhoodsofferanexperimentinflooddefensethatcouldallowcoastalcommunitiestobetterfightagainst

climatechange.

Afloatinghousecanbeconstructedonanyshorelineandisabletodealwithrisingseasbyremainingonthe

topofthewater'ssurface.Unlikehouseboats,whichcaneasilybemovedandrelocated,floatinghomesarefixed

totheshoreandareusuallyconnectedtothelocalsewer（污水管道）systemandpowergrid.Theyare

structurallysimi-lartohousesbuiltonland,butinsteadofabasement,theyhaveaconcretehull（船体）thatacts

asacounterbalance,allowingthemtoremainstableinthewater.

Severewindandrain,oreventhepassingoflargecruiseships,canmakethebuildingsrock.SitiBoelen,

theSchoonchipresident,saysthatwhenshefirstmovedin,stonnyweathermadeherthinktwice."Youfeelitin

yourstomach/5shesays,addingthatshehasgottenusedtothefeeling.Floatinghomesalsorequireextra

infrastructureandworktoconnecttotheelectricitygridandsewersystem.

Butthebenefitsmayoutweighthecosts.t6Iftherearefloods,it'sexpectedthatmanypeoplewillmovetohigher

ground.Butthealternativeistostayclosetocoastalcitiesandexploreexpansionontothewater,"saysRutgerde

Graaf.t€Ifyouconsiderthatinthesecondhalfofthecentury,hundredsofmillionsofpeoplewillbedis-placedby

sealevelrise,weneedtostartnowtoincreasethescaleoffloatingdevelopments.

28.Whatdidlocalresidentsthinkwhenaheavystormhit?

A.Theycouldgetthroughit.

B.Theycouldcontroltheflood.

C.Theycouldgetsomebikesafterit.

D.Theycouldgainenoughfoodinit.

29.WhatcanweknowaboutSitiBoelen?

A.Shehasasenseofsecurityinastorm.

B.Shegetsalongwellwithherneighbors.

C.ShehasproducedTVsetsusedinthestorm.

D.Shemakescontributionstodefendingagainstflood.

30.Howdoestheauthordescribethefloatinghousesinparagraph3?

A.Bylistingfigures.

B.Bygivingexamples.

C.Byanalyzingreasons.

D.Bymakingcomparisons.

31.What'sthefourthparagraphmainlyabout?

A.Theimpactsofstormyweather.

B.Thesignificanceofthinkingtwice.

C.Thehighercostsofbuildinghouses.

D.Thechallengesfacedbyfloatinghouses.

D

Withthehelpofnewdevicesonmice,scientistsareusinglighttoswitchnervecellsonandoffinmice'sbrains

toexploretheanimals'socialbehavior,anewstudyshows.

Thenewdevicesrelyonoptogenetics（光遗传学），atechniqueinwhichresearchersuseburstsoflightto

stimulateorcontrolthebrainnervecells,oftenusingtailoredvi-rusestogeneticallycorrectcellssotheyrespondto

light.Scientistshaveappliedoptogeneticstoexploreneural（神经的）circuitsinmiceandotherlabanimalsto

cometoaconclusiononhowtheymightworkinhumans.Optogeneticdevicesoftenfeedlighttoneuronsviafiber­

opticcables,butsuchthingscaninfluencenaturalbehaviorsandsocialinteractions.Whilescientistsrecently

developedimplantable（可植入的）wirelessoptogeneticdevices,thesedependonrelativelysimpleremotecontrols

orlimit-edsetsofpreprogrammedinstructions.

Thesenewfullyimplantableoptogeneticdevicescanenablemorecomplexre-search.Specifically,the

researcherscanadjusteachdevice'sprogrammingduringthecourseofexperiment.t4Soyoucantargetwhatan

animaldoesinamuchmorecom-plexway,1'saysGeniaKozorovitskiy,are-searcheratNorthwesternUniversity.

Thesedevicesarebattery-free,wirelesslypoweredbythesamehighfrequencyradiowavesusedtoremotely

controlthein-tensity,durationandtimingofthelightpulses.Thedevicesalsoallowscientiststocontrolfour

differentneuralcircuitsinananimalsimultaneously,thankstoLEDsthatgiveoutfourcolors-blue,green,yellow

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andred-insteadofjustone.

Thewidelyavailablewirelesstechnologyusedinthiswork,thesamenowusedincontactlesspaymentwith

creditcards,couldallowbroadadoptionacrosstheneurosciencecommunity“withoutextensivespecialized

hardware",saysPhilippGutrufattheUniversityofArizona.t€Thatmeansthatwemightseethesedevicesinmany

labsinthenearfuture,enablingnewdiscoveries.”

32.What'sscientists1purposeofusingopto-genetics?

A.Tocontrolhumans'brainnervecells.

B.Toaccountforhumans'socialinteractions.

C.Tofigureouthowneuralcircuitsaffecthumans.

D.Tocorrecttailoredvirusesenteringthehumanbodies.

33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"simultaneously"inparagraph4mean?

A.Onceinawhile.

B.Atthesametime.

C.Byonesandtwos.

D.Onaregularbasis.

34.WhatcanweinferfromPhilippGutrufswords?

A.Thefunctionofwirelesstechnology.

B.Thepromisingfutureofthedevices.

C.Thenovelapplicationofthedevices.

D.Thedevelopmentofwirelesstechnology.

35.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.ScientistsCanKillMicewithLight

B.ScientistsControlHumans1SocialInteractions

C.ScientistsControlSocialBehaviorofMicewithNewDevices

0.ScientistsCanRecordHumanNeuralCircuitswithNewDevices

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容•从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

You'dliketoexercisemore,onlytofindthatyoudon'thavethetime,can'taffordexpensivelessonsorconcern

aboutinjuriesonyourbody.36Withwalking,however,youcanfullyenjoyyourselfinmultipleways.

Youcanget“me"time.Headingoutbyyourselfcanbeagoodwaytoescapethedemandsandexpectations

thatoccupymuchofyourtime.Asyouwalk,youcanclearyourhead,relax,andreflect.37

Youcandoitwithothers.38It'sagreatwaytocatchuporgettoknowsome-onebetter.Andifyouneed

tohaveatoughconversationwithsomeone,trydoingitwhilewalking.Striding（跨步）sidebysidecanmake

discussionseasierbecauseyou'remorerelaxedthanwhenyou'resittingfacetoface.

Youcanenjoythegiftofnature.39Walkingisagreatwaytogetoutinnature.

Youcangainanewviewpoint.Theworldisdifferentwhenyouviewitat3mphinsteadof25or30mph.You

mightdiscoveraninterestingshop,observecomplexarchitecture,ormeetafriendlyperson.

40StanfordUniversityresearchersfoundthatpeoplegeneratedtwiceasmanycreativeresponsesto

problemswhenwalkingcomparedwithsitting.

A.Youcandoitanywhere.

B.Youcanbemorecreative.

C.Forsomepeople,exercisefeelslikehardlabor.

D.Peoplewalklessiftheylivenearparksorpaths.

E.Itcanbevaluable,allowingyoutoreturnrefreshed.

F.Invitefamily,friends,orco-workerstojoinyouforawalk.

G.Spendingtimeinparksornearwatercanimproveyourmood.

第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四

个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

TodayIhadlunchwithCynthia,aformerstudentofmine.TherestaurantIusefor41likethisisMerit

Vegetarian（素食者）.It“sagood42tovegetarianfoodandeveryoneFvebroughttherehaslovedit.

AsIwaswaitingforCynthia,I43awomansayingsheneededtogotohercartofetchthe44topayfor

something.Whenshesteppedoutside,Ispoketothe45andofferedtopayherbill.It46thatitwasjustfbrapiece

ofcake,soIaskedhimtoaddittomybill.Ihandedthe47aSmileCard,askinghertogiveittothewoman.

Whenthewomancamebackwithmoney,shewaspleasantly48.

IthoughtIhaddonea（n）49deed.CynthiaandIwere50ourlunchwhenBill,awaiterintherestaurant,51us.

Heexplainedthatthe52ontable1hadpaidforourlunch,includingthepieceofcake.Iknewmy53actofkindness

wasexpanded.

Whenweweregettingreadyto_54,1askedCynthiatopickoutatablesothatwecouldkeepthejourneyof55

going.Shefoundtheyalllooked56,butshefinallychoseone.IcalledBilloverandsaidI57topayfortheirlunch.

Hesaidhehadnever58anythinglikethisbefore.Cynthiaagreedthatshe'dnever59any-thinglikethis,either.

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I'vewitnessedsomuch60andkindness.PmgladIhavebroughtjoyandhappinesstomyselfaswellas

others.

41.A.disastersB.eventsC.accidentsD.nations

42.A.introductionB.tradeC.vegetableD.spirit

43.A.overflowedB.overlookedC.overplayedD.overheard

44.A.waterB.readyC.paperD.salt

45.A.captainB.stuffC.waiterD.competitor

46.A.tookinB.gotdownC.brokeupD.turnedout

47.A.librarianB.cashierC.conductorD.scholar

48.A,surprisedB.annoyedC.exhaustedD.scared

49.A.evilB.foolishC.goodD.naughty

50.A.preparingB.orderingC.performingD.enjoying

5LA.approachedB.opposedC.surroundedD.balanced

52.A.colleaguesB.customersC.managersD.passengers

53.A.wildB.mildC.renewableD.random

54.A.leaveB.runC.eatD.arrive

55.A.boredomB.kindnessC.lonelinessD.eagerness

56.A.forbiddingB.strikingC.deservingD.inviting

57.A.agreedB.hesitatedC.intendedD.refused

58.A.forgotB.reservedC.exhibitedD.seen

59.A.experiencedB.ignoredC.completedD.contributed

60.A.achievementB.amusementC.generosityD.curiosity

第二节（共10小题：:每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

ArchitectKerewonthePritzkerPrize,theworlcfshighestrecognitioninbuildingdesign.t4The56-year-old

Kere61(hon-or)onTuesdayforhispioneeringdesigns/5saidTomPritzker,whoisthechairmanoftheHyatt

Foundation.Headded,"Thearchitects62(work)aresustainabletoEarthanditsinhabitants."Kereisacitizen

ofbothBurkinaFasoandGermanyandlives