Unit+5+Learning+from+nature+Starting+out+ Understanding+ideas课件【知识精讲精研】高二英语外研版（2019）选择性必修第三册

Unit5Period1Startingout&Understandingideas课堂学习StartingoutReadthequotesandanswerthequestions.11Whatisthecommonmessageconveyedinthesequotes?2Haveyoueverlearntanythingfromnature?Giveexamples.TherichnessIachievecomesfromnature,thesourceofmyinspiration.ClaudeMonetApaintershouldregardnatureastheirteacher,andneverstickwithjustonestyleofpainting.ZhangDaqianLetnaturebeyourteacher.WilliamWordsworthAdoptthepaceofnature:hersecretispatience.RalphWaldoEmerson1Whatisthecommonmessageconveyedinthesequotes?2Haveyoueverlearntanythingfromnature?Giveexamples.Thecommonmessageconveyedinthesequotesisthattheyhaveacloserelationwithnatureandtheyrespectnatureandgetinspirationsfromnature.Yes,suchassurvivalofthefittest.Watchthevideoandanswerthequestions.1Whatlessonsfromnaturearementionedinthevideo?2Whichoneinspiresyoumost?21Whatlessonsfromnaturearementionedinthevideo?2Whichoneinspiresyoumost?Treesgiveuslessonsaboutstrengthinthefaceofhardtimes.Succulentsindesertsgiveuslessonsaboutlearningtoadapttotheenvironment.Frombirds,welearntospreadourwingsandflytoreachourfullpotential.Fromsalmon,welearntheimportanceofperseveranceinordertoachieveourgoals.Antsteachustoembraceresponsibilityandalwaysdoourbest.1Lookatthepicturesandanswerthequestions.Understandingideas1Whatisshowninthepictures?Howmuchdoyouknowaboutthem?2Howcouldyouassociatethemwitharchitecture?Alotusflower,atermitemoundandalgaeareshowninthepictures.Nowreadthepassageandcheckyourideas.Nature

inArchitecture1

Trees,plantsandflowersareallaroundusandweenjoytheirbeautyeveryday.Infact,wearesousedtothemthatwemayeventakethemforgrantedwithoutrealisinghowmuchinspirationtheyhavegivenus.Whenwelookatapinecone,wemightthinkhowmuchitlookslikethetilesonaroof.Anopenflowermightmakeusthinkhowcloselyitresemblesanumbrella.Itisnaturaltothinkinthisway,butofcourseitwasn'ttheumbrellathatinspiredtheflowerortheroofthatinspiredthepinecone.2Naturehasinspiredmanyofthemostfascinatingdesignsaroundus,includingthoseinarchitecture.FromBarcelona'sforest-likeSagradaFamiliatothemodernstyleofBeijing'sWaterCube,natureispresentedinvariousarchitecturaldesigns.Today,architectscontinuetoexplorewaystocapturethebeautyofnaturalforms,tomimicthewaynatureworksoreventomakenaturalorganismspartofabuilding.

ArtScienceMuseum,Singapore3

PeoplewhoseinterestisexploringtherelationshipbetweenartandsciencewillenjoySingapore'sArtScienceMuseum.Thebuildingwasdesignedtoshowtheconnectionbetweennatureandthemoderncityenvironmentinwhichitsits.Shapedtoresemblealotusflower,itappearstofloatabovethewaterfrontpromenadeandthewaterthatsurroundsit.Itsroofcollectsrainwaterandchannelsit35metresdowntoawaterfallinthecentreofthespace.Thewateristhenrecycledthroughthebuilding'splumbingsystem.Visitorsareoftenamazedtofindthemselvesinanurbanbuildingthatsotrulycapturesthebeautyofnaturalforms.

TheEastgateCentre,Harare4Harare'sEastgateCentreisasuperbexampleofbiomimicry.Tousebiomimicryistocreatestructuresbasedonnaturalformsandprocesses.ZimbabweanarchitectMickPearcewasinspiredtocreatetheCentrewhilewatchinganaturedocumentaryinwhichtermiteswereconstructingtheirnests.Theinsectsbuiltmoundscoveredinlittleholesdesignedtoallowairtomovefreelyinandoutofthemounds.Inasimilarway,theEastgateCentrehasa“skin”coveredinholes.Duringtheday,warmairisdrawnintothebuildingthroughtheholes,coolingasitreachesthemiddleofthebuilding.Atnight,theheatabsorbedbythewallduringthedaywarmsthecoolair,creatingacomfortabletemperatureinside.Thedesignreducestheneedfortraditionalairconditioningandheatingsystems,sothebuildinguseslessenergyandcostslesstorun.

TheAlgaeHouse,Hamburg5

Theworld'sfirstalgae-poweredbuildingisinHamburg,Germany.Thesurfaceoftheapartmentbuildingiscoveredinpanelsthatcontainalgae.Thealgaearefedwithliquidnutrientsandcarbondioxidetoencouragethemtogrow.Inbrightsunshine,theygrowfasterandprovideshade.Thepanelsalsocaptureheatfromthesunandconvertitintoenergythatpowersthebuilding.Andthat'snotall-thealgaeinsidethepanelscanbeharvestedandusedtoproducefuel.Thebuildingthereforenotonlyrespondstoitsenvironmentanduseslessenergy,butalsoreducesdamagetotheenvironmentbygeneratingisownrenewableenergy.6Creatingbuildingssuchastheseenablesustoliveincloserharmonywithourenvironment.Tomeettheneedsoftodaywhileprotectingtheworldoftomorrowmaybeachallenge,buteventhesimplestorganismscanhelpteachushowtoachievethis.Choosethemagazineinwhichyouwouldmostlikelyfindthepassage.Giveyourreasons.21ExtraordinaryArchitects2LyingonEarth3ArchitectureFrontier4NaturalWorldReadthepassageanddivideditintoparts,thensummarisethemainideaofeachpart.Part1(Paragraphs1-2)Naturegivesusmuchinspiration.Part2(Paragraphs3-5)Someexamplesforthetopic.Part3(Paragraph6)Liveinharmonywithnature.Organiseinformationfromthepassageandcompletethediagram.3Answers:1manyofthemostfascinatingdesigns 2lotusflower3thewaterthatsurroundsit4thewateristhenrecycled5mimicthewaynatureworks6movefreelyinandoutofthebuilding7traditionalairconditioningandheatingsystems8makenaturalorganismspartofabuilding9captureheatfromthesun10producefuel11generatingitsownrenewableenergy12liveincloserharmonywithourenvironmentNowworkinpairsandtalkaboutotherexamplesofarchitectureinspiredbynature.1Whichofthethreebuildingsareyoumostimpressedby?Why?2Ifyouweregivenachancetodesignabuilding,whatinspirationwouldyoutakefromnature?3Howdidthepictureshelpyourunderstandingofthepassage?Shareyourideaswiththeclass.Think&Share1.Infact,wearesousedto

themthatwemayeventakethemforgrantedwithoutrealisinghowmuchinspirationtheyhavegivenus.事实上，我们已经习惯了它们的存在，甚至可能把它们视为理所当然，却没有意识到它们给了我们多少灵感。

(1)so...that...引导结果状语从句，howmuch引导宾语从句。

(2)take...forgranted认为……理所当然e.g.Weshouldbegratefultoourparents’loveinsteadoftakingitforgranted.

我们应该感谢父母的爱,而不应视其为理所应当之事。Languagepoints2.Whenwelookatapinecone,wemightthinkhowmuchitlookslikethetilesonaroof.当我们看到一个松果时，我们可能会想它看起来有多像屋顶上的瓦片。

When引导时间状语从句，howmuch引导宾语从句。3.Anopenflowermightmakeusthinkhowcloselyitresemblesanumbrella.

一朵开放的花可能会让我们想到它有多像一把伞。howmuch引导宾语从句。4.Itisnaturaltothinkinthisway,butofcourseitwasn'ttheumbrellathatinspiredtheflowerortheroofthatinspiredthepinecone.

以这种方式思考是很自然的，但当然不是雨伞给了花朵灵感，

也不是屋顶给了松果灵感。

本句为强调句型，英语中常用的强调句式的基本结构是“Itis/was+被强调的部分+that+其他部分”。一般来说，被强调的部分指人时，可用who或whom代替that。该结构可以用来强调句子的主语、宾语或状语等。

e.g.Itwasnotwhatyousaybutwhatyoudothatreallycounts.

真正重要的不是你说了什么，而是你做了什么。5.Today,architectscontinuetoexplorewaystocapturethebeautyofnaturalforms,tomimicthewaynatureworksoreventomakenaturalorganismspartofabuilding.

如今，建筑师不断探寻捕捉自然形态之美的方法，模仿自然运行的方式，或者让自然生物融为建筑的一部分。

(1)本句中三个todo作后置定语修饰ways，此外，waytodo也可以转换为wayofdoing结构。

e.g.Thebestwaytosee/ofseeingthepaintingsistostartfromthetopfloorandwalkdowntothebottom.

看画展最好的方式是从顶层看起，一直往下走看到底层。

(2)“natureworks”为省略了关系词that或者inwhich的定语从句，修饰先行词way。6.PeoplewhoseinterestisexploringtherelationshipbetweenartandsciencewillenjoySingapore'sArtScienceMuseum.对探索艺术与科学的关系感兴趣的人会乐于参观新加坡的艺术科学博物馆。

whose引导定语从句，修饰先行词people。7.Thebuildingwasdesignedtoshowtheconnectionbetweennatureandthemoderncityenvironmentinwhichitsits.

该建筑旨在展示自然和现代城市环境之间的联系。

inwhich引导定语从句，修饰先行词environment。8.Shapedtoresemblealotusflower,itappearstofloatabovethewaterfrontpromenadeandthewaterthatsurroundsit.

它的形状像一朵莲花，漂浮在海滨长廊上，四周被水环绕。that引导定语从句，修饰先行词water。9.Visitorsareoftenamazedtofindthemselvesinanurbanbuildingthatsotrulycapturesthebeautyofnaturalforms.

当置身于这样一座真实地捕捉到自然形态之美的城市建筑中时，参观者常常叹为观止。

that引导定语从句，修饰先行词building。10.Tousebiomimicryistocreatestructures

basedonnaturalformsandprocesses.利用仿生技术，在自然形态和过程的基础上创造建筑结构。

“Tousebiomimicry”为不定式作主语，“tocreatestructures”为不定式作表语，“basedonnaturalformsandprocesses”为过去分词短语作后置定语。11.ZimbabweanarchitectMickPearcewasinspiredtocreatetheCentrewhilewatchinganaturedocumentaryinwhichtermiteswereconstructingtheirnests.津巴布韦建筑师米克·皮尔斯在一部大自然纪录片中看到白蚁筑造蚁穴，从中得到启发，从而设计了东门大厦。

inwhich引导定语从句，修饰先行词documentary。

12.Theinsectsbuiltmoundscoveredinlittleholes

designedtoallowairtomovefreelyinandoutofthemounds.这种昆虫搭建表面覆有小洞的蚁丘，以保证蚁丘内外部的空气流通。“coveredinlittleholes”为过去分词短语作后置定语修饰mounds，“designedtoallowairtomovefreelyinandoutofthemounds”为过去分词短语作后置定语修饰holes。过去分词短语作定语通常后置，在句法上相当于定语从句。e.g.Papercuttingsusedforreligiouspurposesareoftenfoundintemples.=Papercuttingswhich/thatareusedforreligiouspurposesareoftenfoundintemples.

用于宗教目的的剪纸常常可以在寺庙里见到。13.Duringtheday,warmairisdrawnintothebuildingthroughtheholes,coolingasitreachesthemiddleofthebuilding.

白天，暖空气通过洞口引入建筑内部，在流向建筑中部的过程中冷却下来。

“cooling”为现在分词作伴随状语，as引导时间状语从句。14.Atnight,theheatabsorbedbythewallduringthedaywarmsthecoolair,creatingacomfortabletemperatureinside.夜间，墙壁吸收的热量使冷空气变暖，创造着适宜的内部温度条件。“absorbedbythewallduringtheday”为过去分词短语作后置定语；“creatingacomfortabletemperatureinside”现在分词短语作状语。15.Thesurfaceoftheapartmentbuildingiscoveredinpanelsthatcontainalgae.公寓楼表面的面板上覆盖着藻类。

that引导定语从句，修饰先行词panels。16.Thepanelsalsocaptureheatfrom