初中英语九年级全一册 Section A Grammar focusa-4c 市赛一等奖

SectionAGrammarfocus4a—4c如果主语是动作的承受者(即某事被做),便叫被动语态。英语中动词有两种语态，即主动语态和被动语态如果主语是动作的执行者(即某人做某事),便叫主动语态；在英语中只有__________和一些相当于及物动词的词组才有被动语态的形式。一：初中阶段的被动语态有六种情况:(1):一般现在时;(2):一般过去时(3):一般将来时;(4):现在进行时(5):现在完成时(6):含有情态动词的被动语态及物动词(1):一般现在时:__________________在中国,大部分学生学英语InChina,moststudents______English.English_____________moststudentsinChina.

主动语态islearnbylearnedam/is/are+done被动语态(2):一般过去时:_________________去年我们在山上种了许多We_______manytreesonthemountains.Manytrees____________byusonthemountainslastyear..werewas/were+doneplanted被动语态主动语态planted(3):一般将来时:______________她将好好地照顾孩子She__________goodcareofchildren.Children_____________goodcareofbyher.主动语态takentakewillbewillwillbe+done被动语态(4):现在进行时:______________________他们正在城里建造许多高楼大厦They____________manytallbuildingsinthiscity.Manytallbuildings______________bytheminthiscity.主动语态builtbuildingarebeingaream/is/are+being+done被动语态(5):现在完成时:_____________________中国向太空中发射了许多人造卫星China__________manyman-madesatellitesintospaceManyman-madesatellites_____

__________intospacebyChina主动语态senthashave/hasbeen+donebeenhavesent被动语态(6):含有情态动词的被动语态:

其结构为:___________________我们必须尽快解决这个问题We__________theproblemassoonaspossible.Theproblem_______________byusassoonaspossible.主动语态solvedsolve情态动词+be+donebemustmust被动语态(1):一般现在时:______________________(2):一般过去时:______________________(3):一般将来时:______________________(4):现在进行时:______________________(5):现在完成时:______________________(6):含有情态动词:____________________have/hasbeen+doneam/is/are+being+donewillbe+donewas/were+doneam/is/are+done情态动词+be+done

主动语态变被动语态的方法主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语;主动语态的主语变成被动语态的by+宾语谓语动词用:被动结构;lastyearmanytreesplantedTheybywerethemMany昨天我们看了一场添彩的电影AwonderfulfilmsawWeyesterdayawonderfulfilmwasseenbyus把下列句子变成被动语态(1):FarmersgrowteainthesouthofChina.Tea___________inthesouthofChinabyfarmers(2):Theshopdoesn’tsellcomputers.Computers___________intheshop.grownissoldaren’t(3):Theywaterthetreesonceaweek.Thetrees____________onceaweekbythem.(4):Doessheoftenlookaftertheoldman?__theoldmanoften______afterbyher?(5):Doyouoftenrepairtheoldbikes?____theoldbikesoften________byyou?repairedIsareArelookedwatered(6):Weboughtapianolastterm.Apiano____________byuslastterm(7):AlexanderFlemingdiscoveredpenicillin.Penicillin_______________byAlexanderFleming.boughtwasdiscoveredwas(8):Didyouhandinyourhomeworkyesterday?____yourhomework_______inyesterday?(9):Nobodycananswerthequestion.Thequestion_________________byanybody.can’tWasansweredbehanded(10):Whenmustwecleantheclassroom?__________theclassroom__________?(11):Youshouldwashyourhandsbeforemeals.Yourhands_______

__________beforemeals.washedbemustWhenshouldcleanedbe用所给词的适当形式填空(1):Thedogs__________(take)goodcareofbymymother

(2):Usually,myhomework_________(notdo)intheafternoon.(3):____theflowers________(water)everyday?(4):Thebook_______(like)byus.isn’tdonearetakenislikedwateredAre(5):Thebridgeovertheriver___________(finish)threeyearsago.

(6):Apresent_________(give)tomebymyfriendonmybirthday.

(7):He_________(see)toswiminthelakeyesterday.

(8):She___________(invite)totheparty.Shehadawonderfultimewithus.

wasseenwasgivenwasinvitedwasfinished(9):Manymoretreesshould_________(plant)thisyear.(10):Mustthework__________(finish)by6:30thisafternoon?(11):Wherecanthelostboy_________(find)?(12):ShouldI__________(allow)tomakemyowndecisions?beallowedbefoundbefinishedbeplanted二:含有使役动词(______________)和感官动词(___,______,_____,_____)的被动语态:在主动语态中，使役动词和感官动词通常带________________Thebossmadehim______(work)dayandnightinolddays.Isawastranger______(walk)intothebuilding.watchseemake省略to的不定式lethaveworknoticehearwalk但是,当含有使役动词和感官动词的句子变成被动语态时,要加______Theymadetheboygotobedearly.Theboy____________gotobedearly.Isawastrangerwalkintothebuilding.Astranger_____________walkintothebuilding.towaswasseentomadeto三:在主动语态中，有的动词带有双宾,分别是直接宾语和间接宾语，当我们把直接宾语改成被动语态的主语是，要注意加上____或___.Hismotherboughthimapairofshoes.He___________apairofshoesbyhismother.Apairofshoes________________himbyhismother.boughttoforwasboughtwasfor四：在英语中,不及物动词是不能用于被动语态的。这是因为不及物动词没有宾语，转换成被动语态便没有主语。但这里要注意的是：由于受汉语的影响，有些不及物动词很容易被同学们误认为是及物动词，从而误用被动语态。这类易用错的动词主要的有:发生:___________________________爆发:_________出现:_________消失:_________持续:_________lastdisappearbreakouthappenappearcomeouttakeplace我不知道这事是怎么发生的。Idon'tknowhowthisthingwashappened(____)Idon'tknowhowthisthinghappened．(____)TheCDwascomeoutin2015.(X)TheCDcameoutin2015.(_√___)√X(1):We’resurethattheenvironmentinourcity_______greatlythroughourworkinthenearfuture.A:improved;B:wasimproved;C:hasimproved;D:willbeimproved

D(2):---Foodsafetyisveryimportant.---Sosomerules_____tostoppeoplefrompollutingfood.A:mustmake;B:mustbemade;C:mustmade;D:bemade.

B(3):Ourteacherhastoldusthatwater______intovapourwhenheated.It’ssointeresting.A:canbechanged;B:canchange;C:mustchange;D:mustbechanged

A(4):It’ssaidthatanewschool______forthesestudentsnextyear.A:builds;B:isbuilding;C:willbebuilt;D:wasbuilt;(5):Themobilephonehasinfluencedpeople’slifealotsinceit_______.A:invents;B:invented;C:isinvented;D:wasinvented

C

D(6)I______afterschoolbymyfathereveryday,becausemyschoolisneartohiscompany.A:willbepickedup;B:waspickedup;C:ampickedup;D:havebeenpickedup;

C(7):---Lookatthesigninthecorner:Noparking.Soyourcar_____here.---Sorry,Ididn’t.I’lldrivemycarawayatonce.A:can’tbeparked;B:mustn’tpark;C:needn’tbeparked;D:shouldn’tpark;

A(8):---MayIgoswimmingforawhile?---No,yourhomework______first.A:mustdo;B:needbedone;C:shoulddo;D:canbedone;(9):Papermoney_____forathousandyears.A:used;B:hasbeenusedC:hasused;D:isusing

B

B(10):They______aboutitformanytimes,buttheystillmakemanymistakes.A:tells;B:havebeentold;C:wastold;D:told;(11):Mother’sDay_____atdifferenttimesindifferentcountries.A:celebrates;B:celebrated;C:iscelebrated;D:wascelebrated

B

C(12):Theyarelivingwiththeirparentsforthemomentbecausetheirownhouse’sdecoration_____