陕西省安康市2023-2024学年高一上学期12月月考英语试题含答案解析

安康市高新中学高一年级第二次月考试卷英语注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdoesthemanplantodotonight?A.Relaxathome.B.Gotothemovies.C.Buyasmartphone.2.Whatisthewomangoingtoattend?A.Afancydressparty.B.Aschooldance.C.Arockconcert.3.Howwillthewomangoforhertrip?A.Byship.B.Byair.C.Bytrain.4.Wheredidthemangetthenews?A.Fromtheheadmaster.B.Fromhisclassmate.C.Fromthenotice.5.What’stherelationshipbetweenLindaandJohn?A.Acouple.B.Neighbors.C.Motherandson.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。6.What’sthedatetoday?A.July6th.B.July7th.C.July8th.7.Whatdidthemanbuyforthetrip?A.Atent.B.Somefood.C.Twotickets.听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。8.Whatistheconversationabout?A.Environmentpollution.B.Garbagesorting.C.Greenlifestyles.9.Whatchangehasthewomanmade?A.Shoppinginthesupermarketinstead.B.Stoppingusingplasticbags.C.Startingcyclingtowork.听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。10.Whatisthewomanpreparingfornow?A.Abirthdayparty.B.Awedding.C.Atrip.11.WhatdidPierredoyesterday?A.Heboughtasuit.B.Heorderedacake.C.HegotadressforAnna.12.Wherewillthemangothisafternoon?A.Aflowershop.B.Ahotel.C.Abakery.听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。13.Whoisthemanprobably?A.Ahost.B.Ateacher.C.Awriter.14.HowmanycountriescelebrateTeachers’DayonOctober5?A.Around50.B.About80.C.Over100.15.WhatdoesAmandasayaboutTeachers’DayinIndia?A.ItiscelebratedonOctober14th.B.Itwasstartedtorecognizeteachers’hardwork.C.ItmarksthebirthdayofIndia’ssecondpresident.16.WhichcountriesobserveTeachers’Dayasanationalholiday?A.AmericaandMexico.B.MexicoandSingapore.C.SingaporeandAustralia.听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。17.WhendidAmy’sfirstclassstart?A.At8:00.B.At8:20.C.At8:40.18.WhatmadeAmyembarrassed?A.Forgettingthetimefortheclass.B.Fallingdownintheclassroom.C.Gettingintothewrongclassroom.19.HowdidMaryfeelonthefirstday?A.Excited.B.Nervous.C.Confident.20.WhatdidCathydoonthefirstday?A.Shehadavolleyballclass.B.Shejoinedtheschoolmusicband.C.Shegotadvicefromtheolderstudents.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AExplorethemagicoftheunderwaterworldReasonsforvisitingGeorgiaAquarium(水族馆)inAtlantaAtlanta’saquariumishometotensofthousandsofanimalsincluding500speciesfromaroundtheworldandmorethan60habitats.ThelargestexhibitatGeorgiaAquariumishometowhalesharks,mantaraysandmoreswimmers.Thesecondlargestexhibitishometosixbelugawhales.Andyouwon’twanttomissthedolphinexhibitandthedolphinshowatGeorgiaAquariumfeaturinganexpansiveunderwaterdolphinviewingwindowandawonderfulmusicaltheatricalperformancethathighlightsthebondsharedbetweendolphinsandhumans.Insidertips○Arrivewhentheaquariumopenstobeatthecrowds.○HaveasleepoverinsidesomeofGeorgiaAquarium’sexhibits.○Wearawetsuit,diveintothewaterandswimwithwhalesharks,mantaraysandmoreKnowbeforeyougo○GeorgiaAquariumisopen365daysayear.○Monday-Wednesday:9AM-6PM○Thursday:9AM-8PM○Friday:9AM-5PM(EarlyclosingforthethemedpartySipsUndertheSea)○Saturday-Sunday:8AM-9PMTicketsPricingPenguinEncounterSeaLionEncounterDolphinEncounterDivewiththeWhaleSharksSwimwiththeWhaleSharks$69.99$63.99$79.99$75.99$79.99$75.99$359.99$335.99$259.99$245.991.WhatcanwelearnaboutGeorgiaAquarium?A.Itincludes600species. B.Itholdsovergrounddolphinshows.C.Visitorscanstaythenightthere. D.Swimmersspeakhighlyofitsperformance.2.WhencanpeoplevisitGeorgiaAquarium?A.At5PMonTuesday. B.At6PMonFriday.C.At7AMonSaturday D.At8AMonThursday.3.Whichactivitytakesthemostofftheticketprice?A.DolphinEncounter. B.PenguinEncounter.C.SwimwiththeWhaleSharks D.DivewiththeWhaleSharks.【答案】1.C2.A3.D【解析】【导语】本文是应用文，主要介绍了游览位于亚特兰大的佐治亚水族馆的相关信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。由Insidertips部分中的“HaveasleepoverinsidesomeofGeorgiaAquarium’sexhibits.(在乔治亚水族馆的一些展品中过夜。)”可知，游客是可以在水族馆过夜的。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。由Knowbeforeyougo部分中的时间安排“Monday-Wednesday:9AM-6PM(周一至周三：上午9点至下午6点)”可知，周二下午五点可以去参观佐治亚水族馆。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。对比TicketsPricing部分中几个活动项目的原价和现价可知，几个活动降价分别是$69.99-$63.99=$6，$79.99-$75.99=$4，$79.99-$75.99=$4和$359.99-$335.99=$24，因此DivewiththeWhaleSharks降价24美元，是降价最多的。故选D。BTheautomobileindustryisspendingbillionsonself-drivingcars,butwhatifwequitelikedriving?Oneholidayafewyearsago,Ispenthoursbeingtransportedontrains,busesandplanes.Ireadanovelforawhile,thenstaredoutthewindow,inablackmood.Iwasturnedintogoods,beingshiftedfromonelocationtoanother.Then,finally,cametheexcitingsectionoftheholidaywhenIhiredacar.MywifeJocastaandIfollowedthepositioningsystem,turningright,thenrightagain,andfoundourselvesinasmalltown.Ispoketothepositioningsystem,“Wedon’twanttobehere;wewantthehighway.”Thenitaskedmetoturnrightagainandagain.Witheveryturn,thestreetnarrowed.ThewallsweresoclosethatIhadtoholdmybreath.Anothercarappeared,comingtowardsusfromtheoppositedirection.Thedriversignaled,tellingmeIhadtomakeway.Buthow?Ididn’thavethecouragetobackupalongtheimpossiblynarrowpassage.Soonsomelocalscametohelp.Oneladystoodatthebackofthevehicle,wavingmeon.Shecontinuedmaking“thisway,thisway”movementswithherarms.Inanactofblindtrust,Ifollowedherinstructions,creeping(小心行进)backwardsandforwards.Remarkably,itworked.Icompletedmyturnintothesidestreet.Theothercarpassedandthedrivergavemeagratefulwave.ThenIfollowedthelady’ssuggestionand—finally—sawthehighway.Myhandswereshaking.Ibreathedinandout.Jocastaturnedtome.“You’remyhero,”shesaid.Ilookedather,expectingashadowofateasing(嘲笑的)smile,butcanfindnone.“You’remyhero,”sherepeated.“Imeanit.Youdidareallygoodjob.”Finally,Imanagedtosteadymynerves.Thenwesetoffagainandthecarspedsmoothlyaway.Whowouldexchangeallthisforaself-drivingcar?4.Whyareself-drivingcarsmentionedinparagraph1?A.Toshowtheadvanceintechnology.B.Toshowtheauthor’slovefordriving.C.Toshowthechangeintheautomobileindustry.D.Toleadtotheauthor’sholidayexperience.5.Whydidtheauthordriveintothenarrowpassage?A.Hewantedtotakeashortcut.B.Heintendedtothank,thelocalsforhelp.C.Hehadtoturntoavoidanothercar.D.Hewasmisdirectedbytheguidancesystem6.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheauthorandhiswifefromthelastparagraph?A.Hiswifeusedtolaughathim.B.Hebecamemoreskilledatdriving.C.Hiswifetriedtoencourageandcalmhim.D.Hemisunderstoodhiswifethroughout.7.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.AHeroBehindtheWheelB.AnAdventurousAutomobileTripC.ALoverofSelf-drivingCarsD.AnUnexpectedTechnologicalProblem【答案】4.D5.D6.C7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者和妻子在度假时租了一辆车，但汽车导航把车引入了一个很狭窄的过道里，在一位女士的帮助下作者才顺利把车倒了出来，作者还收获了妻子的称赞。4题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Theautomobileindustryisspendingbillionsonself-drivingcars,butwhatifwequitelikedriving?(汽车行业在自动驾驶汽车上花费了数十亿美元，但如果我们非常喜欢驾驶呢？)”和下文描述的作者假期的经历可知，第一段中but前后表示转折，前面讲述自动驾驶汽车受到了重点开发，后面讲述还是有人可能喜欢自己驾驶汽车，接着下文讲述了作者假期开车被导航误导进一个过道了，多亏了别人相助才顺利把车开出来，最后还获得了妻子的赞扬，这种经历只有亲自开车才会有，由此可推测出，第一段提到自动驾驶汽车是为了引出作者的假期经历。故选D。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“MywifeJocastaandIfollowedthepositioningsystem,turningright,thenrightagain,andfoundourselvesinasmalltown.Ispoketothepositioningsystem,‘Wedon’twanttobehere;wewantthehighway.’Thenitaskedmetoturnrightagainandagain.Witheveryturn,thestreetnarrowed.ThewallsweresoclosethatIhadtoholdmybreath.(我和妻子Jocasta跟着定位系统，向右转弯，然后又向右转弯，发现我们自己在一个小镇上。我对定位系统说：‘我们不想在这里，我们想要高速公路。’然后它一次又一次地让我右转。街道一转弯就变窄了。墙太近了，我不得不屏住呼吸。)”可推测出，作者被导航系统误导，所以开车进入了狭窄的过道。故选D。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Myhandswereshaking.Ibreathedinandout.(我的手在发抖。我吸气又呼气。)”和“‘You’remyhero,’sherepeated.‘Imeanit.Youdidareallygoodjob.’Finally,Imanagedtosteadymynerves.Thenwesetoffagainandthecarspedsmoothlyaway.(‘你是我的英雄，’她重复道。‘我是认真的。你做得很好。’最后，我设法稳定了自己的神经。然后我们又出发了，汽车平稳地开走了。)”可知，作者开车出来后仍然惊魂未定，双手颤抖，努力想平复心情，而作者妻子的话让作者稳住心神，成功平稳开车离开，由此可推测出，作者的妻子努力鼓励作者并让作者镇静下来。故选C。【7题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了作者驾车旅游时在导航的指引下驶入了一条狭窄的通道，最后在当地人的帮助下成功倒车出来并收获了妻子的称赞。结合最后一段中妻子的话“You’remyhero(你是我的英雄)”可知，作者成功克服了困难，妻子对他进行赞扬，A项“开车的英雄”既是对作者成功解决困难的肯定，也与妻子称赞他为英雄的内容相照应。故A项作文章标题最佳。故选A。CIt’smidafternoon.You’refullfromlunch.Thedayiswarm.You’restartingtofeelsleepy.Shouldyougiveintothecomfortofanap(小睡)?Fromtheviewpointofhealth,itmaybeworthit.Thoughthereisahasslewhenitcomestowhethernappingbenefitseveryone,wegenerallyacknowledgethatnapscanimproveatleastsomepeople’scognitive(认知的)performanceintheshortterm.Forexample,scientistsreviewedapastexperimentthatfocusedonhealthyparticipantswithregularsleepcycles.Inthatexperiment,participantsweregivenmathproblemsthatcouldbesolvedwithashortcutthattheyweren’ttoldabout.Someparticipantswereencouragedtotakeanapbeforedealingwiththeproblems.Itwasfoundthatthosewhonapped-andspentevenjust30secondsinthefirst,lighteststageofsleep-were2.7timesmorelikelytofigureoutthemathshortcutthanthosewhostayedawake.Butenteringadeepersleepstagehadanegativeeffect.Thebenefitsofnappingarestrongestforpeoplewhohavesleepdebt,suchasshiftworkers,newparentsandelderlypeoplewhosenighttimesleepisalwaysinterrupted.Theyallseemtogetaboostthroughnapping:a2013studyfocusingonsuchpeople,forexample,showedthattakinganapduringone’snightshiftworkreducedsleepinessandimprovedoverallperformance,evenifpeoplewereslightlyinactiveastheycameoutoftheirnap-aphenomenoncalled“sleepinertia(惰性)”.Thereissomethingwecandotoreducesleepinertia.A20-minutenapisgoodforrecharging,and60to90minutesofsleepcanbeevenmorerestorative.Thenaptoavoidisonelastingmorethan20minutesandlessthan60minutes,whichismostlikelytoleadtosleepinertia.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hassle”meaninparagraph2?A.Debate. B.Tendency. C.Guidance. D.Judgement.9.Whatdidtheexperimentfindaboutnapping?A.Itimprovesmemory. B.Ithelpsclearone’smindC.Itmaypromoteone’shealth. D.Ithasabadinfluenceonpeople.10.Whatcanweinferaboutthesubjectsofthe2013study?A.Theytendedtonapmore. B.Theywereinactiveindaytime.C.Theycameoutoftheirnapsslowly. D.Theydidn’tgetenoughnighttimesleep11.Howcanweavoidsleepinertia?A.Bytakingfewernaps. B.Bynappingwithin1hour.CBymanagingthenaplength. D.Byavoidinglongnaps.【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.C【解析】【导语】本文是说明文，在下午三四点钟，你肚子很饱，天气很暖和，你开始感到困倦了。你应该屈服于小睡的舒适吗？小睡对你有好处吗？本文告诉你答案。【8题详解】词句猜测题。画线词所在部分是让步状语从句，因此可以判断，ahassle与主句的generallyacknowledge应在含义上对立。主句“wegenerallyacknowledgethatnapscanimproveatleastsomepeople’scognitive(认知的)performanceintheshortterm.(但我们通常承认，小睡至少可以在短期内提高一些人的认知能力)”指出我们通常都认为小睡至少能在短期内提升一些人的认知表现，因此可推断出，从句应表示尽管在小睡是否让所有人受益方面存在争议/争论/分歧。hassle与debate含义接近，故选A项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Itwasfoundthatthosewhonapped-andspentevenjust30secondsinthefirst,lighteststageofsleep-were2.7timesmorelikelytofigureoutthemathshortcutthanthosewhostayedawake.Butenteringadeepersleepstagehadanegativeeffect.(研究发现，那些在睡眠最轻的第一阶段小睡了30秒的人比那些保持清醒的人更有可能找到数学捷径，这个概率是其他人的2.7倍。但是进入深度睡眠阶段会产生负面影响。)”可知，该实验发现小睡有助于使人头脑清醒。故选B。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Thebenefitsofnappingarestrongestforpeoplewhohavesleepdebt,suchasshiftworkers,newparentsandelderlypeoplewhosenighttimesleepisalwaysinterrupted.Theyallseemtogetaboostthroughnapping(小睡的好处对于那些有睡眠债务的人来说是最大的，比如轮班工人，初为人父母的人和夜间睡眠总是被打断的老年人。他们似乎都能通过小睡得到提升)”可推知，研究对象是一些有睡眠负债的人，他们夜晚的睡眠不充足。故选D。【11题详解】推理判断题。最后一段“Thereissomethingwecandotoreducesleepinertia.A20-minutenapisgoodforrecharging,and60to90minutesofsleepcanbeevenmorerestorative.Thenaptoavoidisonelastingmorethan20minutesandlessthan60minutes,whichismostlikelytoleadtosleepinertia.(我们可以做一些事情来减少睡眠惰性。20分钟的小睡有助于恢复体力，60到90分钟的睡眠甚至可以让你恢复体力。要避免的小睡持续时间超过20分钟，少于60分钟，这很可能导致睡眠惰性。)”介绍了如何减轻睡眠惰性。20分钟以及60至90分钟的小睡都有作用，但是20分钟以上、60分钟以下的小睡最有可能导致睡眠惰性。由此可推知，小睡的时间要安排好，既不能太短，也不能太长。故选C。DPlenty,anagriculturaltechnologycompanyinSanFrancisco,isreinventingfarmsandfarming.NaterStorye,thecompany’schiefscienceofficersaysthefutureofthefarmswillbevertical(垂直的)andindoors,sofoodcanbegrownanywhereintheworldallyearround,andfarmswillemployrobotsandartificialintelligence(AI)toimprovethequalityofgrowthforfruitsandvegetables.Plentydoesallthosethingsbutuses95%lesswaterand99%lessland.AsAIisontherisefarmersonflatfarmshavebeenusingnewtoolstomakefarmingbetteroreasier.Inrecentyears,theyhavebeenusingdrones(无人机)androbotstoimproveefficiency.However,flatfarmsstillusealotofwaterandland,whileaPlenty’sverticalfarmcanproducethesamequantityoffruitsandvegetablesasa720-acreflatfarm,butononly2acres.Plenty’sclimate-controlledindoorfarmhasrowsofplantsgrowingvertically.ThereareLEDlightsshiningonthem,robotsmovingthemaround,andAImanagingallthevariablesofwater,temperature,andlight.Theconditionsaresogoodthattheproductionperacreis400timeshigherthanthatofanoutdoorfarm.Anotheradvantageofverticalfarmingisthatthefruitsandvegetablesaregrownatawarehousenearbyinsteadof1,000milesawayormorefromacity.Thatmeansmanytransportationmilesaresaved,whichcanreducemillionsoftonsofgreenhousegaseseveryyearandthepriceoffruitsandvegetableswillalsogodown.Imported(进口的)fruitsandvegetablesaremoreexpensive,sopoorpeopleinsocietyareatanextremenutritionaldisadvantage.Verticalfarmscouldcopewiththisproblem.Also,Plenty’sfarmsgroworganicfoodwithoutusingherbicides(除草剂)orpesticides.Theyrecycleallthewaterused,evencatchingthewaterintheair.ThebestfarminSanFranciscoisusing100%renewableenergy.Moreover,allthepackagingis100%recyclable,madeofrecycledplasticandspeciallydesignedtokeepthefoodfreshlongertoreducefoodwaste.Ideally,thecompanywillbranchout,openingfarmsacrossthecountryandbeyond.12.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.RobotsandAIusedonverticalfarmscanquickenthegrowthofplants.B.Fruitsandvegetablesgrownonverticalfarmsaremoretasty.C.Bothlandandwatercanbesavedonverticalfarms.D.Plentyisthefirstcompanytogrowcropsonverticalfarms.13.Whatdocstheunderlinedphrase“copewith”inparagraph4mean?A.Register. B.Improve. C.Present. D.Solve.14.WhatcanweinferaboutPlenty’sfutureverticalfarmsfromthetext?A.Theywillhavemorefarms. B.TheywillonlyberunbyrobotsandAI.C.Theywillbringaboutterribleproblems. D.Theywillcompletelytaketheplaceofflatfarms.15.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A.ToquestionthepossibilityofverticalfarmingB.Toshowthetechnologiesofverticalfarming.C.TodiscussthepotentialproblemsofverticalfarmingD.Tointroduceandexplainthebenefitsofverticalfarming.【答案】12.C13.D14.A15.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了垂直农业的诸多好处以及将来的发展方向及相关内容。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Plentydoesallthosethingsbutuses95%lesswaterand99%lessland.(Plenty做了所有这些事情，但少用了95%的水，少用了99%的土地)”和第二段中“However,flatfarmsstillusealotofwaterandland,whileaPlenty’sverticalfarmcanproducethesamequantityoffruitsandvegetablesasa720-acreflatfarm,butononly2acres.(然而，平面农场仍然使用大量的水和土地，而Plenty的垂直农场可以生产与720英亩平面农场相同数量的水果和蔬菜，但只有2英亩)”可知，生产相同数量的水果和蔬菜，垂直农场比传统的平面农场使用的土地和水更少。也就是说，垂直农场可以节省土地资源和水资源。故选C项。【13题详解】词句猜测题。划线词句前文“Imported(进口的)fruitsandvegetablesaremoreexpensive,sopoorpeopleinsocietyareatanextremenutritionaldisadvantage.(进口水果和蔬菜更贵，所以社会上的穷人在营养方面处于极端劣势)”以及该段其他内容说明，该段主要讲述了垂直农业的另一个优势，从而推知划线词句“Verticalfarmscouldcopewiththisproblem.(垂直农场可以copewith这个问题)”其中划线短语应为“解决”的意思，与D项Solve“解决”同义。故选D项。【14题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，根据最后一段中“Ideally,thecompanywillbranchout,openingfarmsacrossthecountryandbeyond.(理想情况下，该公司将扩大规模，在全国各地及其他地区开设农场)”可知，在未来，Plenty将会有更多的垂直农场。故选A项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段中“Plentydoesallthosethingsbutuses95%lesswaterand99%lessland.(Plenty做了所有这些事情，但少用了95%的水，少用了99%的土地)”和第四段中“Anotheradvantageofverticalfarmingisthatthefruitsandvegetablesaregrownatawarehousenearbyinsteadof1,000milesawayormorefromacity.(垂直农业的另一个优点是，水果和蔬菜是在附近的仓库种植的，而不是离城市1000英里或更远的地方)”和倒数第二段中“Also,Plenty’sfarmsgroworganicfoodwithoutusingherbicides(除草剂)orpesticides.(此外，许多农场种植的有机食品不使用除草剂或杀虫剂)”以及最后一段中“Moreover,allthepackagingis100%recyclable,madeofrecycledplasticandspeciallydesignedtokeepthefoodfreshlongertoreducefoodwaste.(此外，所有的包装都是100%可回收的，由再生塑料制成，特别设计可以使食物保持更长时间的新鲜，以减少食物浪费)”可知，本文主要介绍了垂直农业的多种益处并就其益处进行了解释。故选D项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从选项中选出填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoPolitelyCancelPlansOverTextYoumadeplanswithfriends,butwhenit’stimetoleavethehouse,youjustdon’thavetheenergy.Or,maybesomethingelsecomesup,andyoucan’tmakeit.___16___Butwithafewtips,youcandoitpolitely.◆Textthemassoonaspossible.Thatway,yourfriendscanrearrangetheirschedules.Ifyouknowyoucannotmakeit,trytotextadayaheadoftime.Otherwise,yourfriendsmightbeannoyedabouttheinconvenience.Ifthere’sanemergencyandyouhavetocanceltheplanatthelastminute,that’sfine.___17___◆Behonestaboutyoursituation.___18___Ifyou’veencounteredachangeinyourschedule,justtellthemwhatitis.Yourfriendswillbemoreunderstandingiftheycantellyou’retellingthetruth.Justsaythingslike:“Iranintoanissueatwork.”or“I’mdealingwithsomefamilyproblems.”◆Askifyoucanreschedule.Insteadofsaying“Let’shangoutsoon!”,pickanewtime,soyourfriendsknowthatyou’reserious.___19___Trytoincludethisinyouroriginalmessagesotheyknowwhatyou’redoingrightaway,andmakesureit’saplanyoucansticktosoyoudon’thavetocancelagain.◆___20___Addinonemorenicethingtomakeacompliment(赞美)sandwich.Afteryoutellyourfriendsyouhavetocancelandapologize,letthemknowhowmuchyouappreciatethemmakingplanswithyou.Thiswillreassurethemthatyoulovespendingtimewiththem,anditcanevenhelpyoufeellessguilty,too.A.Startwithyourappreciation.B.Thankthemforinvitingyouout.C.Letthemknowhowurgentthesituationis.D.There’snoneedtolieaboutwhat’sgoingon.E.Itshowsthatyouaren’tjustblowingthemoff.F.Otherwise,youshouldtrytocancelaheadoftime.G.Whateverthecaseis,cancellingplanscanbeannoying.【答案】16.G17.F18.D19.E20.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章就如何礼貌地通过短信取消计划给出了一些建议。【16题详解】空处上文“Youmadeplanswithfriends,butwhenit’stimetoleavethehouse,youjustdon’thavetheenergy.Or,maybesomethingelsecomesup,andyoucan’tmakeit.(你和朋友制定了计划，但当要离开家的时候，你就是没有精力。或者，可能有其他事情发生，而你无法做到。)”提到了一些你需要取消计划的情况，空处下文“Butwithafewtips,youcandoitpolitely.(但只要有一些小技巧，你就可以礼貌地做到这一点。)”提到有一些小技巧可以帮助有礼貌地取消计划。由此可知，本空应是承上启下句，指出计划取消可能会给人带来困扰，进而引出下文对于“礼貌地取消计划的方法”的介绍，G项“Whateverthecaseis,cancellingplanscanbeannoying.(不管是什么情况，取消计划都很烦人。)”说明取消计划会很烦人，承上启下，其中的thecase指的是上文提到的情况，因此G选项符合语境。故选G。【17题详解】根据本段的主旨句“◆Textthemassoonaspossible.(尽快给他们发短信。)”可知，本段提出的建议是“尽快给他们发短信”，根据空处上文“Thatway,yourfriendscanrearrangetheirschedules.(这样，你的朋友可以重新安排他们的日程。)”和“Ifthere’sanemergencyandyouhavetocanceltheplanatthelastminute,that’sfine.(如果有紧急情况，你不得不在最后一刻取消计划，那也没关系。)”可知，这样做的目的是让朋友们有时间重新安排日程，以避免给他们带来不便和困扰，除非你有紧急情况，不得不在最后一刻取消安排，否则都应该尽快给朋友发短信。F项“Otherwise,youshouldtrytocancelaheadoftime.(否则,你应该尽量提前取消。)”说明了要尽量提前取消，再次与本段的段落小标题相呼应，其中，aheadoftime与thelastminute相对应，因此符合语境。故选F。【18题详解】根据本段的主旨句“◆Behonestaboutyoursituation.(诚实面对自己的处境。)”可知，本段提出的建议是“诚实地说明自己的情况”。根据空处下文“Ifyou’veencounteredachangeinyourschedule,justtellthemwhatitis.Yourfriendswillbemoreunderstandingiftheycantellyou’retellingthetruth.(如果你的日程安排发生了变化，直接告诉他们是什么。如果你的朋友知道你说的是实话，他们会更加理解你。)”可知，如果你的日程发生了变化，只需告诉朋友实情，这样能够建立更好的信任关系，并且朋友会更理解你的决定。D项“There’snoneedtolieaboutwhat’sgoingon.(没有必要对正在发生的事情撒谎。)”说明了要说出实情，符合此处的语境，选项中的lieaboutwhat’sgoingon与上文中的tellingthetruth相呼应。故选D。【19题详解】根据本段的主旨句“◆Askifyoucanreschedule.(询问是否可以重新安排时间。)”可知，本段提出的建议是“询问你们是否可以重新约时间”。根据空处上文“Insteadofsaying“Let’shangoutsoon!”,pickanewtime,soyourfriendsknowthatyou’reserious.(与其说“我们快点出去玩吧!”，选择一个新的时间，这样你的朋友就知道你是认真的。)”可知，询问朋友是否可以重新约时间可以显示出自己的诚意和重视，且有助于朋友建立朋友对你的信任，并使他们更愿意与你重新安排时间。E项“Itshowsthatyouaren’tjustblowingthemoff.(这表明你并不只是敷衍他们。)”说明了重新约时间表明你没有敷衍他们，而是认真的，因此承接上文，符合语境。故选E。【20题详解】空处为段落小标题。根据下文中的“letthemknowhowmuchyouappreciatethemmakingplanswithyou.Thiswillreassurethemthatyoulovespendingtimewiththem,anditcanevenhelpyoufeellessguilty,too.(让他们知道你有多感激他们和你一起制定计划。这会让他们放心，你喜欢和他们在一起，这甚至可以帮助你减少罪恶感。)”可知，本段的建议是，在告诉朋友你需要取消计划并道歉之后，你要向朋友表达感谢，B项“Thankthemforinvitingyouout.(谢谢他们邀请你外出。)”说明了要对朋友表示感激，能够准确地表达本段的观点，因此可作为本段小标题。故选B。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。HardlyhadIfinishedmyworkandleftmyofficebuildingat9p.m.onaSaturdaywhenitrainedcatsanddogs.InoticedamanwanderingaroundmycarthemomentI___21___theparkinglot.Hewasalone,___22___withcold,andhewaslookingaroundeveryfewseconds.Itwasthenthatit___23___methatIhadforgottentorollthecarwindowupandthatwas___24___whereIleftmywallet.Iranandcalledouttotheman,___25___hedidn’ttakethemoneyandmakearunwithit.Iwastootiredto___26___him.“Areyouthe___27___ofthiscar?”themanasked,raindropsontheroofofmycarmakinghisvoice___28___.“Yes,Iam.Andwhothehellareyou?”Irepliedwithanunfriendly___29___.Themanwentontotellmethathewasa____30____nearbyandfamiliarwitheveryfaceandeverycarhere.“Thismorning,severalyoungmenwalkedup____31____totakethemoneyinyourcar.Iwouldnotletthathappen.Icameoverandfrightenedthemaway,____32____tocallthepolice.Theyoungmenranawayimmediately.Iwaswaitingforyouheresothatthecarandyourmoneywouldbe____33____,”hesaid.Whenthemangaveaclear____34____ofwhathadhappenedearlier,Iatemywordsoutof____35____IknewIwrongedhim.“Whydidn’tyoutakethemoney?”Iaskedhim.“Ibeg,sir.ButIdon’tsteal!”Hereplieddeterminedlyandlefthurriedly.21.A.measured B.swept C.entered D.left22.A.living B.shaking C.dealing D.annoying23.A.struck B.puzzled C.impressed D.touched24.A.naturally B.probably C.certainly D.exactly25.A.imagining B.suggesting C.expecting D.stressing26.A.catchupwith B.putupwith C.getalongwith D.makefriendswith27.A.producer B.owner C.designer D.dealer28.A.unusual B.pleasant C.special D.unclear29.A.expression B.conclusion C.introduction D.suggestion30.A.farmer B.gardener C.beggar D.villager31.A.preferring B.offering C.happening D.planning32.A.deciding B.pretending C.agreeing D.promising33.A.reachable B.gone C.safe D.convenient34.A.direction B.opinion C.examination D.explanation35.A.satisfaction B.disappointment C.awkwardness D.excitement【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.D25.C26.A27.B28.D29.A30.C31.D32.B33.C34.D35.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个乞丐的故事。他在倾盆大雨中守在作者开着车窗的汽车旁，从而使作者的钱包免遭偷盗。他的高尚品质让人动容。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一进停车场就注意到一个男人在我的车周围徘徊。A.measured测量；B.swept清扫；C.entered进入；D.left离开。根据上文“Ifinishedmyworkandleftmyoffice”可知，故事发生在作者下班离开办公室以后，所以他是进入停车场准备驾车回家。故选C项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他独自一人，冻得浑身发抖，每隔几秒钟就环顾四周。A.living生活；B.shaking抖动；C.dealing解决；D.annoying使生气。根据上文“HardlyhadIfinishedmyworkandleftmyofficebuildingat9p.m.onaSaturdaywhenitrainedcatsanddogs.”可知，当时是晚上九点，还下着大雨，所以那个男人因为寒冷而瑟瑟发抖。shakewithcold意为“冷得发抖”。故选B项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，我突然想到我忘了摇车窗，我的钱包就落在那里了。A.struck突然想到；B.puzzled使迷惑；C.impressed使印象深刻；D.touched感动。根据下文“...Ihadforgottentorollthecarwindowup...”可知，作者突然想起他忘记把车窗摇上了。strike“突然想到，一下子想起；猛地意识到”。故选A项。【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，我突然想到我忘了摇车窗，我的钱包就落在那里了。A.naturally自然地；B.probably可能地；C.certainly当然；D.exactly恰好。结合上下文语境以及下文“whereIleftmywallet”可知，作者突然想起他忘记把车窗摇上了，而且他又正好把钱包放在了车里。故选D项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我跑过去叫那人，希望他不会拿了钱就跑。A.imagining想象；B.suggesting建议；C.expecting期望；D.stressing强调。根据语境以及下文“hedidn’ttakethemoneyandmakearunwithit.”可推知，此处应表示作者希望这个“小偷”不会拿了钱立刻跑掉。故选C项。【26题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我太累了，追不上他。A.catchupwith赶上，追上；B.putupwith忍受；C.getalongwith和……友好相处；D.makefriendswith与……交朋友。根据上文“Iwastootired”可知，此处应表示作者太累了，追不上他。故选A项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：你是这辆车的主人吗？A.producer生产者；B.owner主人；C.designer设计师；D.dealer商人，交易者。结合常识可知，那个男人问作者是不是这辆车的主人。故选B项。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那人问道，雨滴落在我的车顶上，使他的声音听不清。A.unusual不寻常的；B.pleasant令人愉快的；C.special特殊的；D.unclear不清楚的。由常识及上文“raindropsontheroofofmycarmakinghisvoice”可知，雨声使得那个男人的说话声听不清楚。故选D项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我以一种不友好的表情回答。A.expression表情；B.conclusion结论；C.introduction介绍；D.suggestion建议。根据上文可知，作者以为那个男人对自己的钱包图谋不轨，所以对于他的问话，作者回答时应是带着不友好的神情。故选A项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那个人接着告诉我，他是附近的一个乞丐，对这里的每一张脸和每一辆车都很熟悉。A.farmer农民；B.gardener园丁；C.beggar乞丐；D.villager村民。根据下文“Ibeg,sir.ButIdon’tsteal!”提到乞丐，可知，那个男人是一名乞丐。故选C项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：今天早上，几个年轻人走过来，打算从你的车里拿走钱。A.preferring更喜欢；B.offering提供；C.happening发生；D.planning打算。从下文“Iwouldnotletthathappen.”可知，那几个年轻人没有得逞，所以他们只是打算拿走作者车里的钱。故选D项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我走过去，假装报警，把他们吓跑了。A.deciding决定；B.pretending假装；C.agreeing同意；D.promising承诺。根据空前的“frightenedthemaway”可知，那名乞丐想把那几个年轻人吓跑，所以他假装给警察打电话。故选B项。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我在这里等你，这样车和钱就安全了。A.reachable够得到的；B.gone用光了的；C.safe安全的；D.convenient方便的。根据上文“Iwaswaitingforyouheresothat”可知，那名乞丐一直守在作者的车旁，以确保作者的车和钱都安全。故选C项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当那人清楚地解释刚才发生的事情时，我尴尬地收回了自己的话——我知道我冤枉了他。A.direction方向；B.opinion观点；C.examination考