2024年高等教育公共课自考-00012英语(一)历年高频考点试卷专家荟萃含答案

2024年高等教育公共课自考-00012英语(一)历年高频考点试卷专家荟萃含答案（图片大小可自由调整）第1卷一.参考题库(共25题)1.MelissaPoe MelissaPoewas9yearsoldwhenshe（31）acampaignforacleanerenvironmentbywritingalettertothethenPresidentBush.Throughherownefforts，herletterwasreproducedonover250donatedbillboards（广告牌）（32）thecountry. Theresponsetoherpleahelpwasso（33）thatPoeestablishedKidsForACleanerEnvironment（KidsF.A.C.E.）in1989.Therearenow300，000（34）ofKidsF.A.C.E.worldwideandistheworldslargestyouthenvironmentalorganization. PoehasalsopetitionedtheNationalParkServiceto（35）a"Children'sForest"projectineverynationalpark.In1992，shewasinvitedasoneofonlysixchildrenintheworldtospeakattheEarthSummitinBrazilaspartoftheVoicesoftheFutureProgram.In1993，shewasgivenaCaringAwardforher（36）bytheCaringInstitute. Sincetheorganizationstarted，KidsF.A.C.B.membershavedistributedandplantedover1million，trees!Ongoingtree-plantingprojectsincludethe（37）ofKid'sYards-backyardwildlifehabitats（栖息地）-andKidF.A.C.E.isinvolvedintheexcitingEarthOdyssey，whichisagreatwaytostarthelping. "Startingtheclub（38）outtobeawaytohelppeoplegetinvolvedwiththeenvironment-clubmembersstarteddoingthingslikerecycling，pickinguplitterandplantingtreesaswellasinvitingotherkidstojointheirclub." "Wetrytotellkidsthatit'snotOKtobelazy，"sheexplains."Youneedtostartbeingaresponsible，environmentally（39）personnow，rightaway，（40）youbecomearesource-suckingadult.”33.（）A、creationB、acrossC、implementD、beforeE、membersF、beganG、turnedH、purposeI、overwhelmingJ、effortsK、friendlyL、professional2.MajoredFinance Anincreaseinstudents（11）tostudyeconomicsatuniversityisbeingattributedto（归因于）theglobaleconomiccrisisawakeningapublicthirstforknowledgeabouthowthe（12）systemworks. Applicationsfordegreecoursesbeginningthisautumnwereupby15%thisJanuary，accordingtoUCAS，the UniversitiesandCollegesAdmissionsService.A（13）fortheRoyalEconomicSocietysaidapplicationstodoeconomicsatA-levelwerealsoup. ProfessorJohnBeath，thepresidentofthesocietyandaleadinglectureratStAndrewsUniversity，saidhisfirst-yearlectures—whichareopentostudentsfromalldepartments—were（14）crowdsof400，ratherthantheusual250. "Therearealargenumberofstudentswhoarenot（15）majors，whowouldliketolearnsomethingaboutit.OneofthethingsIhavedonethisyearistorelatemyteachingtocontemporary（16）inawaythatonehasn'ttraditionallydone，"headded. Universityapplicationsrose7%lastyear.Buttherewererisesaboveaverageinseveralsubjects.Nursingsawa15%jump，withpeople'srenewedinterestin（17）inthepublicsector（部门），whichareseenasmoresecureineconomiccrisis. Arecentstudyshowedalmosttwothirdsofparents（18）schoolsshoulddomoretoteachpupilsaboutfinancial matters，andalmosthalfsaidtheirchildrenhadaskedthemwhatwasgoingon，althougha（19）ofparentsfelttheydidnotunderstanditthemselveswellenoughtoexplain. ZackHocking，theheadofchildtrustfunds，said："It'spossiblethatonegoodthingto（20）fromthedownturnwillbeagenerationthat'sfinanciallywiserandbetterequippedtomanagetheirmoneythroughtimesofeconomicuncertainty."15.（）A、financialB、applyingC、careersD、minorityE、drawingF、economicsG、believedH、purposeI、spokesmanJ、eventsK、eventsL、professional3.MajoredFinance Anincreaseinstudents（11）tostudyeconomicsatuniversityisbeingattributedto（归因于）theglobaleconomiccrisisawakeningapublicthirstforknowledgeabouthowthe（12）systemworks. Applicationsfordegreecoursesbeginningthisautumnwereupby15%thisJanuary，accordingtoUCAS，the UniversitiesandCollegesAdmissionsService.A（13）fortheRoyalEconomicSocietysaidapplicationstodoeconomicsatA-levelwerealsoup. ProfessorJohnBeath，thepresidentofthesocietyandaleadinglectureratStAndrewsUniversity，saidhisfirst-yearlectures—whichareopentostudentsfromalldepartments—were（14）crowdsof400，ratherthantheusual250. "Therearealargenumberofstudentswhoarenot（15）majors，whowouldliketolearnsomethingaboutit.OneofthethingsIhavedonethisyearistorelatemyteachingtocontemporary（16）inawaythatonehasn'ttraditionallydone，"headded. Universityapplicationsrose7%lastyear.Buttherewererisesaboveaverageinseveralsubjects.Nursingsawa15%jump，withpeople'srenewedinterestin（17）inthepublicsector（部门），whichareseenasmoresecureineconomiccrisis. Arecentstudyshowedalmosttwothirdsofparents（18）schoolsshoulddomoretoteachpupilsaboutfinancial matters，andalmosthalfsaidtheirchildrenhadaskedthemwhatwasgoingon，althougha（19）ofparentsfelttheydidnotunderstanditthemselveswellenoughtoexplain. ZackHocking，theheadofchildtrustfunds，said："It'spossiblethatonegoodthingto（20）fromthedownturnwillbeagenerationthat'sfinanciallywiserandbetterequippedtomanagetheirmoneythroughtimesofeconomicuncertainty."12.（）A、financialB、applyingC、careersD、minorityE、drawingF、economicsG、believedH、purposeI、spokesmanJ、eventsK、eventsL、professional4.ResearchIsaStateofMind Formanyyearstherehasbeenmuchmisunderstandingastojustwhatresearchis.Thepopularconceptionseemstobethatthereissomethingmysteriousaboutit，andbeforeanyresearchcanbedoneitisnecessarytohaveexpensivescientificapparatusandlarge，elaboratelyequippedlaboratories.Actually，thisisnotso.（6）Itisasimple，organizedwayoftryingtoaccomplishsomethingyouwishtodo—sosimplethatanyonecandoresearchanywhereatanytime. First，youselecttheproblemyouwouldliketosolve，thenyoulistatleasttenreasonswhyithasnotbeensolved.（7）Ittakesjustasmuchefforttosolveauselessproblemasausefulone.（8） Aftercarefully—andIwanttoemphasizethatword“carefully”—selectingtheproblemandthetenthingsbetweenyouandthesolution，youthenusethesameprocedureasinsolvingacrosswordpuzzle.（9）Inthesolutionoftheremainingobstaclesyoumayneedsomesimpleapparatus，butthethingsyouwillprobablyneedmostareinfinitepatienceandpersistence.Fewpeoplerealizethedifficultiesofdoinganynewthing. Maybeoneofthereasonspeoplearesoeasilydiscouragedisbecauseoftheireducation.Duringallouryearsatschoolwewereexaminedtwoorthreetimesayear.Ifwefailedonce，wewereout.（10）Ifwearegoingtomakeprogress，wemustlearntofailintelligentlysothatwewon'tbecomediscouragedatthe99.9percentfailure.8.（）A、

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in.5.ABridgeforSquirrels SanFranciscohasitscablecars.SeattlehasitsSpaceNeedle.And，Longviewhasitssquirrelbridge.Thebridge，whichhasattractedinternationalattention，isnowalocallandmark. TheNuttyNarrowsBridgewasbuiltin1963byalocalbuilder，AmosPeters，togivesquirrelsawaytocrossthebusyroadwithoutgettingflattenedbypassingcars. TheoriginalbridgewasbuiltoverOlympiaWayonthewestedgeofthelibrarygrounds.Beforethebridgewasbuilt，squirrelshadtoavoidtraffictoandfromtheParkPlazaofficebuildingwhereofficestaffputoutanuttyfeastforthesquirrels.Manytimes，PetersandotherswhoworkedinandnearParkPlazawitnessedsquirrelsbeingrunover. OnedayPetersfoundadeadsquirrelwithanutstillinitsmouth，andthatday'scoffeebreakdiscussionturnedintosquirrelsafety.ThegroupofbusinessmencookedupthesquirrelbridgeideaandformedacommitteetoasktheblessingoftheCityCouncil（市政会）.TheCouncilapproved，andCouncilwomanBessLaRivierejokinglynamedthebridge"NuttyNarrows". Afterarchitectsdesignedthebridge，AmosPetersandBillHutchstartedconstruction.Theybuiltthe60-footbridgefromaluminumandlengthsoffirehose（消防水带）.Itcost1000. Itdidn'ttakelongbeforereportsofsquirrelsusingthebridgestarted.Squirrelswereevenseenguidingtheiryoungandteachingthemtheropes.Thestorywaspickedupbythemedia，andNuttyNarrowsbecameknowninnewspapersallovertheworld. In1983，after20yearsofuse，Peterstookdowntheworn-outbridge.Repairsweremadeandcrosspieceswerereplaced.ThefadedsignwasrepaintedandinJuly1983，hundredsofanimalloversattendedthecompletionceremonyofthenewbridge. Petersdiedin1984，andaten-footwoodensquirrelsculpturewasplacednearthebridgeinmemoryofitsbuilderandhisdevotiontotheproject.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"teachingthemtheropes"probablymeaninthetext？（）A、PassingthemaropeB、DirectingthemtostorefoodforwinterC、TeachingthemalessonD、Showingthemhowtousethebridge6.Camping Campingwildisawonderfulwaytoexperiencethenaturalworldand，atitsbest，itmakeslittleenvironmentalinfluence.Butwithincreasingnumbersofpeoplewantingtoescapeintothewilderness，itisbecomingmoreandmoreimportanttocampunobtrusively（不引人注目地）andleavenomark. Wildcampingisnotpermittedinmanyplaces，particularlyincrowdedlowlandBritain.Whereveryouare，findoutaboutorganizationsresponsibleformanagingwildspaces，andcontactthemtofindouttheirpolicyoncampingandshelterbuilding.Forexample，itisfinetocampwildinremotepartsofScotland，butinEnglandyoumustaskthelandowner'spermission，exceptinnationalparks. Campingisabouthavingrelaxation，sleepingoutdoors，experiencingbadweather，andmakingdowithoutmodernconveniences.Abusy，fully-equippedcampsite（野营地）seemstogoagainstthis，soseekoutsmaller，moreremoteplaceswitheasyaccesstoopenspacesandperhapsbeaches.Betterstill，findacampsitewithnoroadaccess：walkinginmakesarealadventure. Findingtherightspottocampisthefirststeptoguaranteeingagoodnight'ssleep.Chooseacampsitewithprivacyandminimuminfluenceonothersandtheenvironment.Trytouseanareawherepeoplehaveobviouslycampedbeforeratherthancreatinganewspot.Whencampinginwoodland，avoidstandingdeadtrees，whichmayfallonawindynight.Avoidanimalrunsandcaves，andpossiblehomesofbitinginsects.Makesureyouhavemostprotectiononthewindwardside.Ifyoumakeafire，dosodownwindofyourshelter，alwaysconsiderwhatinfluenceyoumighthaveonthenaturalworld.Avoiddamagingplants.Agoodcampsiteisfound，notmade—changingitshouldbeunnecessary.Itisbecomingmoreandmoreimportanttocampunobtrusivelyandleavenomark.（）A、TrueB、FalseC、NotGiven7.TrueFriendship YoungadultfilmmakersallhopetoshowtheirworksininternationalfestivalslikeSundanceandToronto.Butwhataboutreallyyoungfilmmakerswhoaren'tinfilmschoolyetandaren't，strictlyspeaking，evenadults？ TheyareattheheartofWingspanArtsKidsFilmFestival，tomorrow，inasettinganydirectormightenvy：LincolnCenter.Completewith"redcarpet"interviewsandvariousawards，thefestivalhasmuchincommonwitheventsformoreexperiencedmoviemakers，exceptfortheageoftheparticipants：about8to18. "What'sreallyexcitingisthatit'sfilmforkidsbykids，"saidCoriGardner，managingdirectorofWingspanArts，a nonprofitorganizationofferingyouthprogramsintheNewYorkarea.ThisyearthefestivalwillincludefilmsnotonlyfromWingspanbutalsofromothercityorganizationsandonefromamiddleschoolinArlington，Virginia."Wewanttomakethisanationalevent."Ms.Gardneradded. ThenineshortstobeshownrangefromaClaymationbiographyofB.B.Kingtoasciencefictionadventuresetintheyear3005."Alotofthematerialisreallymature，"Ms.Gardnersaid，talkingaboutfilmsbytheNewYorkCitybranchofGlobalActionProject，amediaartsandleadership-traininggroup."TheChoiceisaboutthehistoryofafamilyandMasterAnti-Smokerisabouttheangersofsecond-handsmoke."DreamoftheInvisiblesdescribesyoungimmigrants'（移民）feelingsofbothbelongingandnotbelongingintheiradoptedcountry. Thefestivalwillendwithanopenreceptionatwhichotherfilmswillbeshown.Theseincludeamusicvideoandafull-lengthfilmwhosetitleisPressures.CoriGardnerismanagingdirectorofWingspanArtswhichisaprofitorganizationofferingyouthartsprogramsintheNewYorkarea.（）A、TrueB、FalseC、NotGiven8.MelissaPoe MelissaPoewas9yearsoldwhenshe（31）acampaignforacleanerenvironmentbywritingalettertothethenPresidentBush.Throughherownefforts，herletterwasreproducedonover250donatedbillboards（广告牌）（32）thecountry. Theresponsetoherpleahelpwasso（33）thatPoeestablishedKidsForACleanerEnvironment（KidsF.A.C.E.）in1989.Therearenow300，000（34）ofKidsF.A.C.E.worldwideandistheworldslargestyouthenvironmentalorganization. PoehasalsopetitionedtheNationalParkServiceto（35）a"Children'sForest"projectineverynationalpark.In1992，shewasinvitedasoneofonlysixchildrenintheworldtospeakattheEarthSummitinBrazilaspartoftheVoicesoftheFutureProgram.In1993，shewasgivenaCaringAwardforher（36）bytheCaringInstitute. Sincetheorganizationstarted，KidsF.A.C.B.membershavedistributedandplantedover1million，trees!Ongoingtree-plantingprojectsincludethe（37）ofKid'sYards-backyardwildlifehabitats（栖息地）-andKidF.A.C.E.isinvolvedintheexcitingEarthOdyssey，whichisagreatwaytostarthelping. "Startingtheclub（38）outtobeawaytohelppeoplegetinvolvedwiththeenvironment-clubmembersstarteddoingthingslikerecycling，pickinguplitterandplantingtreesaswellasinvitingotherkidstojointheirclub." "Wetrytotellkidsthatit'snotOKtobelazy，"sheexplains."Youneedtostartbeingaresponsible，environmentally（39）personnow，rightaway，（40）youbecomearesource-suckingadult.”31.（）A、creationB、acrossC、implementD、beforeE、membersF、beganG、turnedH、purposeI、overwhelmingJ、effortsK、friendlyL、professional9.DrugOveruse ①Nowadays,millionsofpeoplemisuseandevenoverusepainmedicationsandotherdrugs.ResearchbytheAmericanNationalInstituteonDrugAbuse（NIDA，1999）showsthataround2%ofthepopulationoverage12wereusingdrugsnon-medically. ②NIDAviewsmedicationsasapowerfulforceforgoodinthecontemporaryworld.Theyreduceandremovepainformillionsofpeoplesufferingfromillnessanddisease.Theymakeitpossiblefordoctorstoperformcomplicatedsurgerytosavelives.Manypeopleafflictedbyseriousmedicalconditionsareabletocontroltheirsymptomsandbecomeactive，contributingcitizens.NIDApointsoutthatmostindividualswhotakethesedragsusetheminaresponsible. ③Nevertheless，overuseofdrugssuchasopioids，centralnervoussystem（CNS）depressantsandstimulantsdoesleadtoharmfulrelianceinsomepeopleandisthereforebecomingaseriouspublichealthconcern.Althoughthisabuseaffectsmanypeopleworldwide，particulartrendsofconcerntothemedicalprofessionintheUSappearamongolderadults，teenagersaridwomen. ④Thoughitmaybeasurprisetomany，themisuseofmedicationsmaybethemostcommonformofdrugabuseamongtheelderly.DrKennethSchraderofDukeUniversity，NorthCarolinastatesthatalthoughtheelderlyrepresentabout13%oftheUSpopulation，thoseaged65andoveraccountfortheconsumptionofonethirdofalldrugs.Peopleinthisagegroupusemedicationsroughlythreetimesmorethanthegeneralpopulationandhavepoorercompliancewithinstructionforuse.Inanotherstudyofelderlypatientsadmittedtotreatmentprograms，70%werewomenwhohadoverusedmedicines. ⑤Unfortunately，thistrendamongwomendoesnotonlyaffectthoseagedover.Ingeneral，amongwomenandmenwhoareusingeitherananti-anxietydrugorasedative，womenaretwiceaslikelytobecomeaddicted.Inaddition，statisticscompiledfor12—17yearoldsshowthatteenagegirlsaremorelikelythanteenageboystobeginoverusingpsychotherapeuticmedicationsuchaspainkillers，tranquillizers，stimulantsandsedatives.Paragraph⑤（）.A、DrugoveruseanditsconsequenceB、TheproblemofdrugoveruseinAmericaC、BenefitsofmedicineanditswiseuseD、FemaledrugoverusewithreferencetothatofmalesE、MisuseofmedicineamongtheyounggenerationF、Improperuseofmedicineamongseniorcitizens10.Camping Campingwildisawonderfulwaytoexperiencethenaturalworldand，atitsbest，itmakeslittleenvironmentalinfluence.Butwithincreasingnumbersofpeoplewantingtoescapeintothewilderness，itisbecomingmoreandmoreimportanttocampunobtrusively（不引人注目地）andleavenomark. Wildcampingisnotpermittedinmanyplaces，particularlyincrowdedlowlandBritain.Whereveryouare，findoutaboutorganizationsresponsibleformanagingwildspaces，andcontactthemtofindouttheirpolicyoncampingandshelterbuilding.Forexample，itisfinetocampwildinremotepartsofScotland，butinEnglandyoumustaskthelandowner'spermission，exceptinnationalparks. Campingisabouthavingrelaxation，sleepingoutdoors，experiencingbadweather，andmakingdowithoutmodernconveniences.Abusy，fully-equippedcampsite（野营地）seemstogoagainstthis，soseekoutsmaller，moreremoteplaceswitheasyaccesstoopenspacesandperhapsbeaches.Betterstill，findacampsitewithnoroadaccess：walkinginmakesarealadventure. Findingtherightspottocampisthefirststeptoguaranteeingagoodnight'ssleep.Chooseacampsitewithprivacyandminimuminfluenceonothersandtheenvironment.Trytouseanareawherepeoplehaveobviouslycampedbeforeratherthancreatinganewspot.Whencampinginwoodland，avoidstandingdeadtrees，whichmayfallonawindynight.Avoidanimalrunsandcaves，andpossiblehomesofbitinginsects.Makesureyouhavemostprotectiononthewindwardside.Ifyoumakeafire，dosodownwindofyourshelter，alwaysconsiderwhatinfluenceyoumighthaveonthenaturalworld.Avoiddamagingplants.Agoodcampsiteisfound，notmade—changingitshouldbeunnecessary.Findingtherightspottocampisthefirststeptoguaranteeingagoodnight'ssleep.（）A、TrueB、FalseC、NotGiven11.DrugOveruse ①Nowadays,millionsofpeoplemisuseandevenoverusepainmedicationsandotherdrugs.ResearchbytheAmericanNationalInstituteonDrugAbuse（NIDA，1999）showsthataround2%ofthepopulationoverage12wereusingdrugsnon-medically. ②NIDAviewsmedicationsasapowerfulforceforgoodinthecontemporaryworld.Theyreduceandremovepainformillionsofpeoplesufferingfromillnessanddisease.Theymakeitpossiblefordoctorstoperformcomplicatedsurgerytosavelives.Manypeopleafflictedbyseriousmedicalconditionsareabletocontroltheirsymptomsandbecomeactive，contributingcitizens.NIDApointsoutthatmostindividualswhotakethesedragsusetheminaresponsible. ③Nevertheless，overuseofdrugssuchasopioids，centralnervoussystem（CNS）depressantsandstimulantsdoesleadtoharmfulrelianceinsomepeopleandisthereforebecomingaseriouspublichealthconcern.Althoughthisabuseaffectsmanypeopleworldwide，particulartrendsofconcerntothemedicalprofessionintheUSappearamongolderadults，teenagersaridwomen. ④Thoughitmaybeasurprisetomany，themisuseofmedicationsmaybethemostcommonformofdrugabuseamongtheelderly.DrKennethSchraderofDukeUniversity，NorthCarolinastatesthatalthoughtheelderlyrepresentabout13%oftheUSpopulation，thoseaged65andoveraccountfortheconsumptionofonethirdofalldrugs.Peopleinthisagegroupusemedicationsroughlythreetimesmorethanthegeneralpopulationandhavepoorercompliancewithinstructionforuse.Inanotherstudyofelderlypatientsadmittedtotreatmentprograms，70%werewomenwhohadoverusedmedicines. ⑤Unfortunately，thistrendamongwomendoesnotonlyaffectthoseagedover.Ingeneral，amongwomenandmenwhoareusingeitherananti-anxietydrugorasedative，womenaretwiceaslikelytobecomeaddicted.Inaddition，statisticscompiledfor12—17yearoldsshowthatteenagegirlsaremorelikelythanteenageboystobeginoverusingpsychotherapeuticmedicationsuchaspainkillers，tranquillizers，stimulantsandsedatives.Amongwomenandmenwhoareusingeitherananti-anxietydrugorasedative，theformeraretwiceaslikelyto（）.A、teenageboysB、fromdiseasesC、getaddictedD、therecordofmedicinesoverusingE、useinstructionF、arealienandutterlyforeign12.GoodTableManners Mannersplayanimportantpartinmakingafavorableimpressionatthedinnertable.Herearesomegeneralrules：Napkin（餐巾）use Themealbeginswhenthehostunfoldshisorhernapkin.Thisisyoursignaltodothesame，soplaceyournapkinonyourlap.Unfolditcompletelyifitisasmallnapkin.Orinhalf，lengthwise（纵向地），ifitisalargedinnernapkin. Ifyouneedtoleavethetableduringthemeal，placeyournapkinonyourchairasasignaltoyourserverthatyouwillbereturning.Oncethemealisover，placeyournapkinneatlyonthetabletotherightofyourdinnerplate.Donotrefoldit. Useanapkinonlyforyourmouth.Neveruseitforyournose，faceorforehead.Useofutensils（餐具） Startwiththeknife，forkorspoonfurthestfromyourplate，andworkyourwayin，usingoneutensilforeachcourse.Ifsoupisserved，remembertospoonawayfromyourself.Thishelpsstopthedrips.Donotputtheentiresoupspooninyourmouth.Instead，fillasoupspoonabout75percentwithsoup，andsip（啜饮）itfromthesidenoiselessly. Afterfinishingdinner，placetheknifeandforkparalleltooneanotheracrosstheplatewiththeknifebladefacinginwardtowardtheplate. Usingyourfingers Here'salistoffingerfoods：sandwiches，cookies，smallfruitsorberrieswithstems，Frenchfriesandpotatochips，andhamburgers. Chew（咀嚼）withyourmouthclosedanddon'tmakenoise；don'ttalkwithyourmouthfull.Breadmustbebrokenwithyourhands.Itisnevercutwithaknife. Don'tpicksomethingOutofyourteeth.Instead，excuseyourselftothebathroom.Ifpossible，trynottocoughatthetable.Donotputyourelbows（肘）onthetable.InFrance，itisessentialtohavebothhandsabovethetableatthesametime.Donotputbonesoranythingelseonthetable.Thingsthatarenoteatenshouldbeputonyourplate.Whereisthenapkinnormallyplacedduringthemeal？（）A、OnyourchairB、OnthetableC、OnyourlapD、Onyourplate13.TrueFriendship-Recognition Howcanwefindtruefriendshipinthisoftenphony，temporaryworld？Friendshipinvolvesrecognitionorfamiliaritywithanother'spersonality.Friendsoftensharelikesanddislikes，interests，pursuits，andpassion. Howcanwerecognizepotentialfriendship？Signsincludeamutualdesireforcompanionshipandperhapsacommonbondofsomekind.Beyondthat，genuinefriendshipinvolvesasharedsenseofcaringandconcern，adesiretoseeoneanothergrowanddevelop，andahopeforeachothertosucceedinallaspectsoflife.Truefriendshipinvolvesaction：doingsomethingforsomeoneelsewhileexpectingnothinginreturn；sharingthoughtsandfeelingswithoutfearofjudgementornegativecriticism. TrueFriendship-Relationship，Trust，Accountability Truefriendshipinvolvesrelationship.Thosemutualattributeswementionedabovebecomethefoundationinwhichrecognitiontranspiresintorelationship.Manypeoplesay，"Oh，he'sagoodfriendofmine，"yettheynevertaketimetospendtimewiththat"goodfriend."Friendshiptakestime：timetogettoknoweachother，timetobuildsharedmemories，timetoinvestineachother'sgrowth. Trustisessentialtotruefriendship.Weallneedsomeonewithwhomwecanshareourlives，thoughts，feelings，andfrustrations.Weneedtobeabletoshareourdeepestsecretswithsomeone，withoutworryingthatthosesecretswillendupontheInternetthenextday!Failingtobetrustworthywiththoseintimatesecretscandestroyafriendshipinahurry.Faithfulnessandloyaltyarekeystotruefriendship.Withoutthem，weoftenfeelbetrayed，leftout，andlonely.Intruefriendship，thereisnobackbiting，nonegativethoughts，noturningaway. Truefriendshiprequirescertainaccountabilityfactors.Realfriendsencourageoneanotherandforgiveoneanotherwheretherehasbeenanoffense.Genuinefriendshipsupportsduringtimesofstruggle.Friendsaredependable.Intruefriendship，unconditionallovedevelops.Weloveourfriendsnomatterwhatandwealwayswantthebestforourfriends.Truefriendsmusthavecommoninterests.（）A、TrueB、FalseC、NotGiven14.MajoredFinance Anincreaseinstudents（11）tostudyeconomicsatuniversityisbeingattributedto（归因于）theglobaleconomiccrisisawakeningapublicthirstforknowledgeabouthowthe（12）systemworks. Applicationsfordegreecoursesbeginningthisautumnwereupby15%thisJanuary，accordingtoUCAS，the UniversitiesandCollegesAdmissionsService.A（13）fortheRoyalEconomicSocietysaidapplicationstodoeconomicsatA-levelwerealsoup. ProfessorJohnBeath，thepresidentofthesocietyandaleadinglectureratStAndrewsUniversity，saidhisfirst-yearlectures—whichareopentostudentsfromalldepartments—were（14）crowdsof400，ratherthantheusual250. "Therearealargenumberofstudentswhoarenot（15）majors，whowouldliketolearnsomethingaboutit.OneofthethingsIhavedonethisyearistorelatemyteachingtocontemporary（16）inawaythatonehasn'ttraditionallydone，"headded. Universityapplicationsrose7%lastyear.Buttherewererisesaboveaverageinseveralsubjects.Nursingsawa15%jump，withpeople'srenewedinterestin（17）inthepublicsector（部门），whichareseenasmoresecureineconomiccrisis. Arecentstudyshowedalmosttwothirdsofparents（18）schoolsshoulddomoretoteachpupilsaboutfinancial matters，andalmosthalfsaidtheirchildrenhadaskedthemwhatwasgoingon，althougha（19）ofparentsfelttheydidnotunderstanditthem