综合填空 2021年中考英语题型解题指导秘籍1

题型4:综合填空

类型1：选词填空——慧眼识珠巧填词

要求考生既要看懂文章的大意，又要

认识所列单词的词性和基本搭配__________，根据短文的内容,确定词Z_

词汇运用）"（根据语境，确定词性和词,多变化

命考查原则U考查学生综合运用语言的能力，侧心晒

---------1〔查运用词汇和语法结构的能力

题以记叙文和说明文为主,文章长度约2恩二根据语境，辨析意义相近一词

三个角度一»（词义辨析H掌握主要的固定搭配和习贯用法

—•（空幽H涉及科普.社会.文化，竞技体育等需i

原三个原则

.对句与句之间的逻辑关系勺理解

/选项一般为名词.动词.形容词和副市评

则设题原则K要求根据语境对所给的词进行适当的《看口掌握表示原因'结果，递让・转折.

吧里LL［条库浦不同逻辑关系的连1南

〔转换_______________________________

解题四步骤

三事破题五"招事三

1.，，名词”一单复变化要牢记，后缀（Jy,-y,-ous等）变形不能弃！

选项为名词，要考虑是否要把它变成复数或“所有格”形式。还要考虑名词是否需要变成形容词。

2.“动词，，一《是谓非谓”先判断,时态、语态记心间！

选项为动词时，要有意识地去考虑时态和语态的变化以及非谓语动词形式的变化等。

3.“形容词和副词”——比较等级先考虑，形、副之间可转化！

形容词和副词填空时要主动去判断是否需要变成比较级或最高级,然后根据语境判断是用形容词还是副词。

4.“代词”——指代关系需判断，“五格变化”要谨慎！

填入代词，注意辨别主格、宾格、名词性和形容词性物主代词或反身代词的用法。

5.“数词”一，，基数、序数和分数”，模糊数字有复数！

数词方面要注意基数词和序数词的变化以及分数和模糊数字的用法。

6.“介词和连词”——固定搭配选介词，上下逻辑看连词！

遇到介词和连词时，借助语境，只要符合上下文逻辑或固定搭配，填入即可。

（2020•山西中考）

请根据语篇内容，用方框中所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。方框中有两个词为多余项。

Ibutaskstopfinalwhichonehewhohidehappyfeeling

Ispentmanyyearsofmylifepretending（假装）.ItoldthatIwashappywithmyjob,althoughIknewfrom

the]daythatitwasn'tfitfbrme.Ipretendedtoagreewitheveryonearoundmetoavoidtheriskof

disagreement.Afterspendingsomuchtimehidingmytrueself,I2feltthatI'dhadenoughofthat-Iwas

reallytiredofpretending.

Imadeupmymind3pretending.It'seasiertopretendthantobetrulyhonestwithourselves,4

itcomeswithaheavyprice.IfIpretendmyjobissatisfying,Iprobablywon'tmakethenecessarychangesto

createanewjob5willbringpleasuretomylife.IfIpretendtobehappyinarelationshipwhenmytrue_

6_clearlysaysomethingelse,howcanIimprovemyrelationship?

Thesedays,I'malwayssayingwhat'struefbrme.WhenI7toworkonanewproject,IsaidthatI

wasn'tgoodatitbecauseIhadlittleexperiencewithit.Inthepast,Ialways8thatfactandfeltbadabout

itfordaysorevenweeks.Duringparties,Iadmit（承认）thatIhate9jobandcan'twaittoleave.Inthe

past,IpretendedIlikeditjusttofitinwitheveryoneelse.

Pretendingiscostly（代价高的）.Itisnotmoneywegiveawaybutpeaceofmind,and10Istopped

pretendingfromthenon.

三三三通读全文•把据大意三三三

本文是一篇记叙文。说的是作者之前因爱慕虚荣，不肯表达自己的真实感觉，因而内心特别累。后来下

定决心改变自己，开始直白表达自己的真实感受后，得到了心灵的平静和幸福感。

三懑懑阅读选项•词搬分类三三三

Ipron.我；butco制.但是；ask也问；stopu.停止；行nal。的：最后的；which〃阳九哪一个；one机〃九一;

hepron.他；who比谁；hideu.隐藏；happy。力高兴的；feeling几感觉

三三三寻找线索•对号入速签三谈

1.考查数词由although可判断句意“但从第一天我就知道工作不适合我”，根据句意判断用序数词，故填

one的序数词形式firsto

2.考查副词由Iwasreallytiredofpretending.可判断句意为“我最终觉得我受够了“。结合所给词,可知此

处应填一副词表达“最后，终于”的意思，故填final的副词形式finallyo

3.考查动词madeupone'smind意为下定决心做某事，后接动词不定式作宾语补足语，故填tosteip。

4.考查连词上下句之间是转折关系，故填but。

5.考查代词句中anewjob是定语从句的先行词，此处需要一个关系代词来引导定语从句；先行词anew

job指物，用关系代词whicho

6.考查名词根据上下文语境可知，此处表达真实感觉(feeling),再结合语法规则可知，这里应用复数形式，因

此应填feelingSo

7.考查动词根据下文“Isaidthat.可知前文应该是有人问作者问题,而句子主语是I,应该用被动语态，讲

述的是过去发生的事情,用一般过去时的被动语态；故填wasaskedo

8.考查动词由后面的“andfeltbad”可判断这里用谓语动词，且用一般过去时。故填hid。

9.考查代词由后面的名词job可判断用形容词性物主代词。故填I的形容词性物主代词my。

10.考查名词分析全句句意及所给词可知，此处表示：我们付出的不是金钱，而是心灵的平静和幸福。这里

需要名词''幸福"。故填happy的名词形式happinesso

三三两重读全文•复本审核三三工

首先检查语句是否通顺,意思是否连贯，然后检查词性、词形是否正确，是否有时态、语态、惯用法及词语选

用上的错误，以确保答案的正确性。

体裁话题词数建议用时正确率

Test1

记叙文个人情况2115，/10

阅读下面短文，从方框中选择恰当的单词，并用其适当形式填空。

he,happy,while,because,arm,volunteer,clean,quick,for,turn

WangPingisacleaner.Hehasworkedinapark(1)fiveyears.Heisalsoagoodfather.Nothing

canmakehim(2)thanplayingwithhislittledaughterinhisfreetime.

LastTuesdayafternoon,whilehewas(3)thepark,suddenly,heheardawomancryingforhelp.

Heranup(4)toseewhathappened.Thewoman's15-month-oldbabygirlchoked(窒息)onasmall

pieceofpearandherface(5)purple.Thebabywastooyoungtosaveherself,andthemotherwasso

nervousthatshedidn'tknowhowtosaveherdaughterproperly.Luckily,WangPingknewwhattodo.Hetook

thebabyinhis(6)withoutthinkingtwice.Withthemother'shelp,WangPingheldthebabyupside

downandgaveherafewpats(轻拍)ontheback.Afterashort(7),hesucceededingettingthepiece

ofpearoutofhermouthandthebabybegantocry.Hermomwassothankful(8)herdaughterwas

saved.

WangPingtriedhisbestandsavedthebaby'slife.Inhismind,helpingothersisjusthelping(9).

Hehopedmorepeoplecould(10)tohelpthepeopleinneedifpossible.

体裁话题词数建议用时正确率

Test2

说明文自然2166,/10

阅读下列短文，从方框中选择恰当的单词，并用其适当形式填空。(有两个多余选项)

say,on,in,short,pick,begin,cold,delicious,four,part,rain,speak

ThetraditionalChineselunarcalendardividestheyearinto24solarterms(节气).AutumnEquinox,the

16thsolartermoftheyear,(1)_______thisyearonSept.23andendsonOct.8.

AutumnEquinoxdividesautumnintotwosame(2).Afterthat

day,thesunmovestothesouthgradually.Itmakesdays(3)and

nightslongerinthenorthernhemisphere.

Hereare(4)thingsyoushouldknowaboutAutumnEquinox.

Coolautumn

SincetheAutumnEquinox,mostoftheareasinChinahavecomeintothe(5)autumn.Whenthe

coldairmovestothesouthandmeetsthedecliningwarmandwetair,(6)istheresult.Thetemperature

alsodropsquickly.

Eatingthecrab

Inthisseason,thecrabis(7).It'sgoodfbrourhealth.

Eatingqiucai

InSouthChina,peoplealwayshaveqiucai(autumnvegetables)(8)_______theAutumnEquinoxday.Every

AutumnEquinoxday,allthevillagersgoto(9)qiucaiinthewild.Theybringqiucaihomeandmadeit

intosoupwithfish,named幻〃g(autumnsoup).Thereisa(10)aboutthesoup,“Drinkthesoupto

clearintestines,sothewholefamilywillbesafeandhealthy^^.

Eatingdifferentplants

IntheAutumnEquinoxtime,manyvegetablesgrowwell.Itistimetopickandeatthem.

体裁话题词数建议用时正确率

Test3

说明文足球2156，/10

阅读下列短文，从方框中选择恰当的单词，并用其适当形式填空。(有两个多余选项)

cheap,popular,ticket,watch,play,child,you,buy,much,sell,luck,kind

Whatcanmakepeoplehappyineverypartoftheworld?Theansweristheworld's(1)

sport—soccer.

December9iscelebratedasWorldSoccerDay.Fansshowtheirlovefbrthissportby(2)soccer

games,thoughtheycan'tgetthetickets(3).

Butforsomepeople,soccerisnotjustasimplegame——it'sawayoflife.InthestreetsofBrazil,many(4)

playsoccerbarefoot.Theyaretoopoor

(5)shoes,buttheynevergiveupthegame.It'severythingfbrthem.

ThepoorareasofBrazilarerichinworld-classsoccer(6).PeleandRonaldowerebothfromthere.

“Weweresopoorthatwecouldn'tbuyany

(7).“Ronaldosaid.

Thisispartofsoccer'scharm-ifsfbreveryone.Theonlythingyouneedisaballand(8)feet.

Andthereissomuchfuntohavewiththatball.Youcanrunoutdoors,passtheballtoyourteammates,keepthe

ballmovingonthegrass,andifyouare(9),shootforagoal!

AccordingtoFIFA,over240millionpeoplein(10)than200countriesplaysoccertoday.Asthe

mostpopularsportintheworld,soccergivespeoplealot.

体裁话题词数建议用时正确率

Test4

记叙文个人兴趣2296'/10

阅读下列短文，从方框中选择恰当的单词，并用其适当形式填空。

little,lose,beautiful,healthy,high,badly,someone,way,actual,read

Howmuchshouldagirlweigh?WhenIthinkaboutthisquestion,Ifeelnervous.Itallstartedwhensomeone

toldmethatIneeded(1)_______weight.Itisquiteanembarrassingthingformetosayoutmyweightand

(2)inthenewspaper.Butinordertomakethisclearerfbr(3),Icantellyouthatmyweightis

57kgandmyheightis164cm.

1thinkthisis(4)justtherightweightfbrme.Idon'tremembereverbeingthinbeforeinmylife

andIdon'tfeel(5)aboutit.Butitseemsthatmanypeoplethinkeverygirlwhoisaroundmyheight

shouldweigh(6)than50kg.Asaresult,lotsofgirlsaretryingtoloseweightindifferent(7),

suchasbytakingmedicineorexercising.Somegirlshavelosttheirconfidence-theythinktheyaretoofatand

notbeautiful.

Ifsunderstandablefbrpeopletowanttobemuch(8).Butwehavetotakecareofour(9)

aswell.Losingweightisalongprocessandasastudent,youmightnothaveenoughtimetodoit.Iwanttotell

allthegirlsouttherethattheyarebeautifulandthatitdoesn'tmatterhowmuchtheyweigh.Youcanbe

(10)youwantandwearanythingyouwant.Justbeyourself.

类型2:语法填空——上下勾连求关注

一单复数的变化

名词〔所有格的构成根据名词前的修饰语判断单复数

名词

名词变形容词

孙闩谓语动词（时态和语态动谓语动.词要考虑月态和酬变化

型网一｛非谓语动词（不定式、

动名非谓语动词要判断是不定式.动名词还是分词

人称代词.物主代词、亘身缺主语,一般用代词的主格

代词

（不定代词之间的转换

有提示词填空］-代词在动词或介词后一般用宾格或反身代词

命形容词或副词（比段等级的变僚有提示词填空］代词后有名词，一般用形容词竹物主代词

,形令」胤」（形容词与副词的转

修饰名词.作表语或全,足语用形容词

形容词或副词

｛修饰动词、形容词或包子用副词

题基数词与序数词的转化题

婺网一（分数词与约数词的运用

粒词基数词表数量、序数词表顺序

原、说“口前缀改变词义角

内容技巧

I派生词届缀改变词性名词后缀-fiik-less等变为形容词

则度’形容词后缀心变为副词

派生词

a,an,与〔he的用法

冠词动词后缀-er;-or;-ing;-tion等变力名词

前缀un-;dis-;im-等表否定

通常用于固定搭配

介词

根据固定搭配或固定句型填空

无提示词填空通常连接两个句子

尸连词根据上下文语境，找到关键词

无提示词填空

分析句子结构,判断是用连词还是连搭词

连接词/通常连接主从句

到澹虞题・技巧演练场

（2020•深圳中考）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Oneday,amanwaswalkingbythecornerofastreet.Herehemet

1.littleboyholdingabirdcageandsellingthebirdsinside.He

2.(stop)andlookedverysadlyatthebirdswithoutfreedominfrontofhim.Thebirdswere

screaminginthecage,tryingtoflyaway.

Afterstanding3.amoment,hesaidtotheboy,“Howmuchdoes

4.(you)birdcost?Iwant...”

“Onefiftycents,sir”,theboyansweredquickly.

“Iamafraidthatyouaremistaken.Iamnotaskinghowmuchitis."Themansaid,Twouldlike5.

(buy)allofthem.WhatIaskishowmuchyouwantforthem.”

Hearingthis,theboy6.(happy)countedthenumberofthebirdsinthecage.

“Theycostfivedollars.”

“Here7.(be)themoney!”Themanpassedthemoney.Theboycountedexcitedly.However,

hethenwas8.(surprise)tofindallthebirdshadflownaway.

“Oh,mygod,forwhatreasondidyoudothat,sir?Youdon'tevengetabird!^^Theboyaskedthemanwho

setthebirdsfree.

“Myboy,letmetellyou9.Ididthis.9,Themansaid,“Ihavenorighttogetthem.Everylife

shouldbefreeandtheyareour10.(friend).Soweshouldgivethemfreedom.

考场避险专区

第6小题,易误填happy。一般副词修饰动词时，放在动词的后面，这里放在了动词的前面。不管前置还是后

置,只要是修饰谓语动词，一般都用副词。happy是形容词,不能修饰动词，因此填副词happily»

第9小题,易误填when或where等引导词。由后面这个男子的话可判断这里是说明原因,因此用why引导。

即“让我告诉你我为什么这样做”。

三簿通读全文•了解大意三拒

本文是一篇记叙文。一个爱鸟人士为了给鸟自由，花钱买下小男孩笼子里所有的鸟放生。故事告诉我们动物

是人类的朋友，应该享有自由的权利。

三三三试填空格•先易后碓三冠

1.考查冠词。boy为可数名词,而且在文中第一次提到这个小男孩，故前面应用不定冠词表示数量“一”。【答

案】a

2.考查动词。由andlooked可知，此处需用谓语动词，时态与looked一致，为一般过去时。【答案】stopped

3.考查介词。由后面的amoment可判断句意是“站了一会儿之后"。foramoment意为“一会儿"。【答案】

for

4.考查代词。由空后bird可知，此处要用you的形容词性物主代词your表示“你的“。【答案】your

5.考查非谓语动词。wouldliketodosth.为固定搭配，意为“想要做某事"。【答案】tobuy

6.考查副词。根据后面的动词counted可知，此处要用副词修饰动词作状语,happy的副词是happily。【答案】

happily

7.考查主谓一致。该句为直接引语，应用一般现在时。Herebe...句型是倒装句，主语是不可数名词money,

故用单数形式is。【答案】is

8.考查形容词。空前为be动词，故其后要用形容词作表语，主语为he,表示人的感受，故用surprised。【答案】

suiprised

9.考查宾语从句。根据后文可知，这个人在向小男孩解释这么做的原因，故用why。【答案】why

10.考查名词。根据空前由eyare可知要用复数形式。【答案】friends

三三三三三再读检查•修正裾篌三黜

首先检查语句是否通顺,意思是否连贯，然后检查单词拼写是否正确,是否有时态、语态、惯用法及词语选用

上的错误，以确保答案的正确性。

3透透观・新题竞技场

体裁话题词数建议用时正确率

Test1

说明文音乐发展247T/10

WhatisChinesemusic?Youmightthinkofthesoulful（凄婉的）tonesoftheerhu,1.thebright

notesoftheguzheng.ButasChinaopenedup,ithaswelcomedmodern2.（music）stylesfrommany

othercultures.

Rockmusic,forexample,issomewhatnewtoChina.In1986,CuiJian,knownas3.（China）

'"godfatherofrock”,performedhishitsongNothingtoMyName（《一无所有》）4.Workers'Stadium

inBeijing.ThousandsofrockbandshaveformedinChinasincethen.

MajorChineserecordlabels（唱片'公司），suchasModernSkyandMaybeMars,are5.（bring）

rockmusictobiggeraudiences（受众）.Theyhavesentmanyoftheiractsoverseas.

Popandhip-hophavealsobecome6.（popular）overtheyearsthanbefore.Popmusic,likerock

music,7.（real）startedtotakeoffinChinainthe1980s,thankstosingerslikeLiGuyiandTayuLo

（罗大佑）.Inmorerecentyears,Pophasgotten8.strongfoothold（立足点）inChina.

Hip-hopinparticular(尤其)hasbeenontherise,thanks9.therealityTVshowTheRapof

China(《中国新说唱》)in2017.Sincethen,newhip-hopactshavepoppedupin10.(city)allover

China,particularlyinChengdu,whichishometotheHigherBrothersrapgroup.

体裁话题词数建议用时正确率

Test2

记叙文情感与情绪2306'/10

Akingfeltneitherhappynorcomfortableallday.Oneday,thekingsawaservantwhowassinginghappily

whileworking.Heasked1._______servant,"Whyareyousohappy?”Themanreplied,"Fmjustaservant.2.

_______rnyfamilyandIdon'tneedtoomuch--justahouseandfbod.”

Thekingwasn'thappywiththereply.Hetoldit3.anadvisor.Afterhearingthestory,theadvisor

said,“Theservanthasn'tjoineda99Club.”"What's99Club?”thekingasked.Theadvisor4._______(answer),

“Tounderstandthe99Club,put99goldcoinsinabagandleaveitnearthe5.(servant)house.”

Thebagofgoldcoinsmadetheservantexcited.Aftercountingseveral

6.(time),hethoughttheremustbethe100thcoin.Hedecidedtoworkmuch7.(hard)toeam

that100thgoldcoin.Fromthatdayon,hestopped

8.(sing)whileworkingandbecameangryeasily.

Theadvisortoldtheking,44Theservanthasjoinedthe99Club.Theclubisanamegiventothosepeoplewho

haveenoughtobehappy9._______arenevercontent,becausetheyalwayswantmore.''

Wecanbehappy,butwewantmore!Weloseour10.(happy),oursleep,peaceandsoonforour

growingneedsanddesires.That9sthe"99Club”.

体裁话题词数建议用时正确率

Test3

说明文网络信息1675，/10

EverydaybringsnewstoriesandinformationaboutCOVID-19.Somestories

1.(be)encouraging,whileothersbringbadnews.Howcanyouknowwhomtoturnto?Canyoutrust2.

________(they)?

It'simportant3.(stay)informedintimeslikethese.Butwhileyour

4.(friend)andfamilymightshareinformationonsocialmediain

5.hopesofhelpingothers,it9scommonfbrrumors(谣言)tospreadinthisway.Youmighthaveread

stories6.________soundtoogoodtobetrue.Whatdoyouthinkaboutthem?Wouldyouconsiderthatthey

mightnotbequiteright?

Ifyoucan,trytogetnews7.allkindsofsources(来源).Readarticlesfromgovernmentnews

platformswhich8.(usual)givetimelyfactchecks.Whendealingwithsuchaseriousissue,it's

importanttomakeyournews"diet"justasmuchand9.(health)asyourrealdiet.Lastbutnotleast,

thinktwicebefore10.(share)informationonline!

体裁话题词数建议用时正确率

Test4

记叙文典故2276'/10

阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义

准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。

Onceuponatime,ConfuciuswenttothestateofQiwithhisstudent,Zilu.

Ontheway,theysawtwochildren1.(play)withsandhappilyontheroad.

Zilusaid,"Yoursandpileisintheway.Wouldyoupleasemoveitawaywiththe2./tu：l/?”

Oneofthechildrenanswered,Youcangoaroundthesandpile."Aftersayingthat,theywentonplaying.3.

I1*ofthemplannedtomovethesandpile.

Zilubecameupsetwiththechildren.ConfticiussaidtoZilu,“Thatisagood

4.(describe).Theyarejustchildren.Don'tbeangry5.them."Thenheaskedthechild

withasmileonhisface,“Whydon'tyoumoveawaythesandpile?”

ThechildrenthoughtConfuciuswas6.(friend).€tWearebuildingacastle.Peopleand

carriages(马车)cangoaroundacastle,7.acastlecan'tmakewayforpeopleorcarriages,thechild

answered8.(quick).

Confuciusthoughtitwaswisefbrthechildtogivesuch9.answer.Hesaid,“Outofthreemen,

theremustbeonewhocanbemyteacher.Peopletodaystillhavegreat10./trASt/inConfucius.

ConfuciusandZiluwentaroundthesandpileandwentontheirway.

Peoplemaynotbeasgoodasus,butweshouldnotfeelashamedtolearnfromthemsometimes.

题型4:综合填空

类型1:选词填空

Test1

【篇章导读】本文讲述了王平乐于助人的故事。他认为帮助别人就是帮助自己。他希望更多的人都能主动

帮助有需要的人们。

1.for2.happier3.cleaning4.quickly5.turned

6.arm/arms7.while8.because9.himself

10.volunteer

Test2

【篇章导读】中国传统的农历把一年分成24个节气。秋分是一年中的第16个节气，今年从9月23日开始,10

月8日结束。

1.begins2.parts3.shorter4.four5.cold6.rain

7.delicious8.on9.pick10.saying

Test3

【篇章导读】足球迷们通过观看足球比赛来表达他们对这项运动的热爱。但是对许多人来说,尽管他们买不

到便宜的票,他们仍然去看比赛。

1.mostpopular2.watching3.cheaply4.children

5.tobuy6.players7.tickets8.your9.lucky

10.more

Test4

【篇章导读】本文作者以自己为实例，论述了一位女孩拥有什么样的身材才算美。作者认为自信健康才最美。

1.tolose2.height3.readers4.actually5.bad6.less

7.ways8.morebeautiful9.health10.anyone

类型2:语法填空

Test1

【篇章导读】一提到中国音乐,很多人会想到凄婉的二胡或者高亢的古筝，其实，自改革开放以来，中国的音乐

也日益丰富，本文主要介绍了中国摇滚乐及流行乐的发展与演变。

1.oro考查连词。由开头句子WhatisChinesemusic?可判断，是二胡和古筝选择其一。表示选择用or。

2.musicalo考查形容词。这里修饰名词styles用形容词形式。music的形容词形式为musicalo

3.China,so考查名词所有格。由后面的“摇滚教父’’判断用名词所有格形式。

4.at<(考查介词。Workers'Stadium意为“工人体育场”,为地点名词。在小地点前,用介词at。

5.bringingo考查动词的时态。由前面的are提示用现在进行时。bringing为bring的现在分词形式。

6.morepopularo考查比较级形式。由后面的thanbefore提示用比较级。popular的比较级为morepopular。

7.really.,考查副词。这里修饰动词started用副词形式。real为形容词,其副词形式为really。

8.a。考查冠词。由后面的foothold可判断句意为“流行音乐在中国有了一个坚强的立足点这里表达数量

“一”,用冠词a。

9.to»考查固定搭配。thanksto意为“多亏了..9这里是“多亏了电视真人秀节目

10.cities»考查名