一般过去时态专讲（附不规则动词变化表）（知识清单）-2023-2024学年牛津上海版（试用本）英语五年级下册

一般过去时态专讲（附不规则动词变化表）一．一般过去时的定义一般过去时表示过去某一时候或某一段时间所发生了的事情或存在的状态。常与过去时间yesterday,thismorning,justnow,amomentago,inMay,lastnight/year/week,onceuponatime连用。二．一般过去时对于行为动词的变化一般过去时用动词的过去式构成。即一般过去时的动词要用动词的过去式。动词过去式的构成分规则变化和不规则变化两种形式，不规则变化通常需要逐个记忆，规则变化则遵循以下原则：1.一般在动词后加ed。如：wantwanted,watchwatched,playplayed,enjoyenjoyed,dropdropped,plantplanted,staystayed2.在以字母e结尾的动词后，只加d。如：like—liked，surprisesurprised3.在以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词后，则改y为i，再加—ed。如：fly—flied,study—studied.4.在以单短元音的重读闭音节结尾且，末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词后，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加ed。如：dropdropped5.不规则变化：（课文中）cutcut，putput,readreadam,iswas，arewere，have,hashad，do,doesdid，seesaw，gowenthearheard,learnlearnt,sitsat,growgrew，buyboughtecame，beebecame行为动词过去时的例句：肯定句：Iplayedfootballwithmyfriendyesterday.否定句：Ididnot/didn’tplayfootballwithmyfriendyesterday.一般疑问句：Didyoupalyfootballwithyourfriendyesterday?肯定及否定回答：Yes,Idid.No,Ididn’t.特殊疑问句：Whatdidyoudowithyourfriendyesterday?根据以上例句，大家可以看出，在行为动词的过去时中，肯定句只要把行为动词改成过去时就可以了，否定句，一般疑问句和特殊疑问句中要用到助动词do的过去时did,凡是用了did的句子行为动词都要还原。常用不规则动词表：不规则动词变化表AAA型原型过去式过去分词现在分词动词三单中文costcostcostcostingcosts值、花费cutcutcutcuttingcuts割hithithithittinghits打、击、敲hurthurthurthurtinghurts损伤letletletlettinglets让putputputputtingputs放下setsetsetsettingsets放、竖立readread/red/read/red/readingreads读ABB型原型过去式过去分词现在分词动词三单中文buyboughtboughtbuyingbuys买bringbroughtbroughtbringingbrings带来thinkthoughtthoughtthinkingthinks想teachtaughttaughtteachingteaches教catchcaughtcaughtcatchingcatches捉feelfeltfeltfeelingfeels觉得findfoundfoundfindingfinds发现getgotgotgettinggets得到hearheardheardhearinghears听sleepsleptsleptsleepingsleeps睡keepkeptkeptkeepingkeeps保持havehadhadhavinghas有buildbuiltbuiltbuildingbuilds建造sendsentsentsendingsends送spendspentspentspendingspends花费leaveleftleftleavingleaves离开loselostlostlosingloses失去makemademademakingmakes作、做meanmeantmeantmeaningmeans意味着meetmetmetmeetingmeets遇见paypaidpaidpayingpays付saysaidsaidsayingsays说digdugdugdiggingdigs挖sellsoldsoldsellingsells卖telltoldtoldtellingtells告诉sitsatsatsittingsits坐strikestruckstruck(stricken)strikingstrikes打understandunderstoodunderstoodunderstandingunderstands了解ABA型原型过去式过去分词现在分词动词三单中文ecameeinges来beebecamebeebeingbees变，成为runranrunrunningruns跑ABC型原型过去式过去分词现在分词动词三单中文beginbeganbegunbeginningbegins开始blowblewblownblowingblows吹breakbrokebrokenbreakingbreaks打破choosechosechosenchoosingchooses选择dodiddonedoingdose做、干drawdrewdrawndrawingdraws拉、画growgrewgrowngrowinggrows生长knowknewknownknowingknows知道flyflewflownflyingflies飞drivedrovedrivendrivingdrives驾驶eatateeateneatingeats吃fallfellfallenfallingfalls落下givegavegivengivinggives给gowentgonegoinggoes去rideroderiddenridingrides骑riseroserisenrisingrises升起lielaylainlyinglies躺drinkdrankdrunkdrinkingdrinks喝ringrangrungringingrings响singsangsungsingingsings唱seesawseenseeingsees看见speakspokespokenspeakingspeaks说话swimswamswumswimmingswims游泳taketooktakentakingtakes拿throwthrewthrownthrowingthrows抛、仍wearworewornwearingwears穿writewrotewrittenwritingwrites写其它原型过去式过去分词现在分词动词三单中文forgetforgotforgot(forgott