冲刺2024年高考英语真题重组卷02（新高考七省专用）

冲刺2024年高考英语真题重组卷（新高考七省专用）真题重组卷02注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型(A)填涂在答题卡相应位置上。将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。因笔试不考听力，选择题从第二部分的“阅读”开始，试题序号从“21”开始。2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液，不按以上要求作答的答案无效。4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁：考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A．Takecareofherbags.B．Packthefoodforher.C．Checkthetrainschedule.【答案】A【原文】W:Excuseme,couldyoumindmybagsforamoment?Iwanttobuysomefoodattheconveniencestore.M:Noproblem.Butbequick.Itwasannouncedthatmytrainwouldarrivein10minutes.2．Whatistheweatherlikenow?A．Sunny. B．Cloudy. C．Rainy.【答案】A【原文】M:Wecouldn’taskforabetterday,couldwe,Barbara?W:Iknow,Steve.Thereisn’tacloudinthesky.Ilovethistimeofyear.M:Me,too.Theflowersarebeautifulbutcallingforrainthough.3．WhatwasGeorgedoinglastnight?A．Havingameeting. B．Flyinghome. C．Workingonaproject.【答案】C【原文】W:Hello,George,youlooktired.Didn’tsleepwelllastnight?M:No,notatall.Ihadtoworkflatouttomeettheprojectdeadline.NowI’mreallyfeelingabitrundown.4．WhywouldDavidquithisjob?A．Togobacktoschool. B．Tostarthisownfirm. C．Toworkforhisfriend.【答案】C【原文】略5．Whatcanwesayaboutthewoman?A．She'sgenerous. B．She'scurious. C．She'shelpful.【答案】C【原文】Text2M:Hello,doyouhave"TheBestofMozart"?W:Um,sorry,we'vejustsoldout.Butwecanorderoneforyou.Ifyougiveusyournumber,we'llcallyouwhentheCDarrives.第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答6、7小题。6．WhereisJimnow?A．Inataxi. B．Onabus. C．Inhisoffice.7．Whatisthewoman’ssuggestion?A．Goingtothecitycenter.B．Takingashortcuthome.C．MeetingJiminthepark.【答案】6．A7．B【原文】W:Jimwillcallonusthisafternoon.Doyouknowwhereheisnow?M:Er...wait.Letmesee.Hehassenttwomessagessayingthathe’sdonewithhisworkattheofficeandgotataxiand...andhe’llarriveintwentyminutes.W:Wecan’tkeephimwaitingoutsideourhome.Wehavetohurry.M:Butittakesatleasthalfanhourtogettothecitycenterbybus.Lookatthetraffic.W:Let’sgetoff.Wecansaveatleasttwentyminutesbywalkingthroughthepark.M:Areyousure?W:Yes.Ahundredpercent.听第7段材料，回答第8至9小题。8．WhydoesSaramakethephonecall?A．Toaskforadvice. B．Toarrangeanouting. C．Tocancelanappointment.9．WhatdoesDavidwanttodo?A．Gotoadinnerparty. B．TalktoSarainperson. C．Workonthenewcase.【答案】8．C9．B【原文】M:Hello,Sara.W:Hello,David.Ican’tefordinnertonight.Sorry.M:Oh,whathappened?W:We’vegotanewcaseandthingsgetprettycrazyhereintheoffice.M:Well,thenI’lletoyou.W:No,no,nottonight.LetmeseeifIcanarrangeanothernight.M:Sara,please.Weneedtotalk.It’saboutmyjob.W:Thentellmeonthephone.M:No,it’sbetterifwedoitinperson.Howabouttomorrownight?W:I’mnotsure.Youcangivemeacalltomorrowafternoon.M:OK.听第8段材料，回答第10至12小题。10．WhatdidPeterlearnfromhisgrandfather?A．Howtoappreciateartworks.B．Howtodealwithartists.C．Howtorunamuseum.11．WhatdidPeterdoinChicago?A．Hestudiedatacollege. B．Heservedinthearmy. C．Heworkedinagallery.12．WhoseworksdidPeterlikebest?A．Rembrandt’s. B．Botticelli’s. C．Rubens’.【答案】10．A11．A12．C【原文】W:SoMrPeterSels,I’dbecurioustoknowwhatweretheearlyconnectionsinyourlifethatletyouintotheartfield?M:MygrandfatherwasanartdealerinMunich.TheyhadagreatmuseuminMunich.Hetookmetothemuseum,andIrespondedverystronglytowhatIsawonthewallsthere.Ilearnedaboutartfromhim,Ilearnedaboutlookingatartfromhim.Ithinkthat’swhatreallygotmestarted.Thenmanyyearslater,afterIgotoutofthearmy,IwenttostudyarthistoryattheUniversityofChicago.W:Tellusmoreaboutyourexperiencesoflookingatartwithyourgrandfather.M:Well,welookedatthefamouspaintingsbythegreatartistslikeRembrandt,Botticelli,andAlbertDurer.Ruben’spaintingsweremyfavorites.Yes,Irememberthesethings.ThiswaswhenIwasbetween10and15.WhenIwas14,IwassoanxioustoseemoreartthatafriendofmineandIbicycledacrosstheAlpstoseeVenice.Thatwasabigadventure.听第6段材料，回答第13至16小题。13．Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A．Atalibrary. B．Inalawfirm. C．Onatrain.14．BywhattimedidJohnplantofinishhistermpaper?A．March. B．August. C．October.15．WhydidJohnquithisparttimejob?A．Hehadtocatchupwithhisstudy.B．Hewasofferedabetterone.C．Hegottiredofit.16．WhatisSusan’sattitudetoJohn’sproblem?A．Carefree. B．Understanding. C．Forgiving.【答案】13．C14．B15．A16．B【原文】W:Hi,John.Haven’tseenyouforages.M:Hi,Susan.Fancymeetingyouhereonthetrain.W:Howisyourcollegelife?M:WhatcanIsay?I’vesurvived.W:Whathappened?M:Well,earlylastMarch,Istarteddoingaparttimejobinalawfirm.AfewweeksbeforeIhadstartedwritingmytermpaper.IthoughtIcouldfinishitbyAugust.W:Thatwasaprettygoodidea,tryingtohavesomeworkexperience.M:Forthefirst3weeks,youknow,Itried.Igotupearlyandworkedforanhouronmypaperbeforegoingtowork.Butworkwassofun.Imettonsofnewpeople,andsoonIcouldn’tfindevenaminuteformypaper.SoIhadtoquitmyparttimejobandfinallyfinishedmypaperinOctober.W:Well,it’snevertoolatetomend.It’skindofhardtofindabalancebetweenwhatyouhavetodoandwhatyouwanttodo.M:Yeah,it’sreallyimportantformetobalancestudyandwork.AndIthinkIshouldlearntoexercisesomeselfcontrol.听第10段材料，回答17、18、19、20小题。17．WhendiditrainlasttimeinJuárez?A．Threedaysago. B．Amonthago. C．Ayearago.18．WhatseasonisitinJuárez?A．Spring. B．Summer. C．Autumn.19．Whataretheelderlyadvisedtodo?A．Takeawalkintheafternoon.B．Keeptheirhomescool.C．Drinkplentyofwater.20．Whatisthespeakerdoing?A．Hostingaradioprogram.B．Conductingaseminar.C．Forecastingtheweather.【答案】17．C18．A19．C20．A【原文】Hello,everyone.Weletoourprogram.I’mJennyJackson.TheweatherhereinJuárezhasbeeunbearable.Withnorainsforoverayear,thecityissufferingfromunusuallyhotweather.Somelightshowershavebeenforecastsincelastmonth,butallofthemhavebeeneffectiveinsurroundingareas.Summerhasnotevenstartedyet,buttemperatureshavereached40degreescentigradeinthepastthreedays.Andpeoplehavebeenwarnednottogooutoftheirhomes—notifyouwalkonfoot,atleast—between11inthemorningand7intheevening.Littlekidsandtheelderlyaretheoneswhohavesufferedthemostfromthisextremeheatwave.Theymustdrinkwaterallthetime.Tohelpouraudiencehaveabetterunderstandingofthisextremeweather,wehaveinvitedProf.TorresfromUniversityofMexicotoourstudiothisevening.第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题:每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A（2022，新高考I卷）GradingPoliciesforIntroductiontoLiteratureGradingScale90100,A;8089,B;7079,C;6069,D;Below60,E.Essays(60%)Yourfourmajoressayswillbinetoformthemainpartofthegradeforthiscourse:Essay1=10%;Essay2=15%;Essay3=15%;Essay4=20%.GroupAssignments(30%)Studentswillworkingroupstopletefourassignments(作业)duringthecourse.AlltheassignmentswillbesubmittedbytheassigneddatethroughBlackboard,ouronlinelearningandcoursemanagementsystem.DailyWork/InClassWritingsandTests/GroupWork/Homework(10%)Classactivitieswillvaryfromdaytoday,butstudentsmustbereadytopleteshortinclasswritingsortestsdrawndirectlyfromassignedreadingsornotesfromthepreviousclass'lecture/discussion,soitisimportanttotakecarefulnotesduringclass.Additionally,fromtimetotimeIwillassigngroupworktobepletedinclassorshortassignmentstobepletedathome,bothofwhichwillbegraded.LateWorkAnessaynotsubmittedinclassontheduedatewilllosealettergradeforeachclassperioditislate.Ifitisnotturnedinbythe4thdayaftertheduedate,itwillearnazero.Dailyassignmentsnotpletedduringclasswillgetazero.Shortwritingsmissedasaresultofanexcusedabsencewillbeaccepted.21.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Atextbook. B.Anexampaper. C.Acourseplan. D.Anacademicarticle.22.Howmanypartsisastudent’sfinalgrademadeupof?A.Two. B.Three. C.Four. D.Five.23.Whatwillhappenifyousubmitanessayoneweekaftertheduedate?A.Youwillreceiveazero. B.Youwilllosealettergrade.C.Youwillbegivenatest. D.Youwillhavetorewriteit.【答案】21.C22.B23.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了文学概论课程评分办法。【21题详解】推理判断题。根据文章标题“GradingPoliciesforIntroductiontoLiterature(文学概论课程评分办法)”和Essays(60%)部分“Yourfourmajoressayswillbinetoformthemainpartofthegradeofforthiscourse(你的四篇主要文章将构成本课程评分的主要部分)”可知，文章介绍了文学概论课程评分办法，可得出本文是出自一个课程计划。故选C项。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据黑体小标题“Essays(60%)”、“GroupAssignments(30%)”和“DailyWork/InClassWritingsandTests/GroupsWork/Homework(10%)”可知，学生的最终成绩由3部分组成。故选B项。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据“LateWork”部分“Ifitisnotturnedinbythe4thdayaftertheduedate,itwillearnazero.(如果没有在截止日期后的第4天上交，将会得到零分)”可知，如果在截止日期后一周才交文章，你将会得零分。故选A项。B（2020，新课标II卷）Someparentswillbuyanyhightechtoyiftheythinkitwillhelptheirchild,butresearcherssaidpuzzleshelpchildrenwithmathrelatedskills.PsychologistSusanLevine,anexpertonmathematicsdevelopmentinyoungchildrentheUniversityofChicago,foundchildrenwhoplaywithpuzzlesbetweenages2and4laterdevelopbetterspatialskills.Puzzleplaywasfoundtobeasignificantpredictorofcognition(认知)aftercontrollingfordifferencesinparents’ine,educationandtheamountofparenttalk,Levinesaid.Theresearchersanalyzedvideorecordingsof53childparentpairsduringeverydayactivitiesathomeandfoundchildrenwhoplaywithpuzzlesbetween26and46monthsofagehavebetterspatialskillswhenassessedat54monthsofage.“Thechildrenwhoplayedwithpuzzlesperformedbetterthanthosewhodidnot,ontasksthatassessedtheirabilitytorotate(旋转)andtranslateshapes,”Levinesaidinastatement.Theparentswereaskedtointeractwiththeirchildrenastheynormallywould,andabouthalfofchildreninthestudyplayedwithpuzzlesatonetime.Higherineparentstendedtohavechildrenplaywithpuzzlesmorefrequently,andbothboysandgirlswhoplayedwithpuzzleshadbetterspatialskills.However,boystendedtoplaywithmoreplexpuzzlesthangirls,andtheparentsofboysprovidedmorespatiallanguageandweremoreactiveduringpuzzleplaythanparentsofgirls.ThefindingswerepublishedinthejournalDevelopmentalScience.24.Inwhichaspectdochildrenbenefitfrompuzzleplay?A.Buildingconfidence. B.Developingspatialskills.C.Learningselfcontrol. D.Gaininghightechknowledge.25.WhatdidLevinetakeintoconsiderationwhendesigningherexperiment？A.Parents’age. B.Children’simagination.C.Parents’education. D.Childparentrelationship.26.Howdoboydifferfromgirlsinpuzzleplay?A.Theyplaywithpuzzlesmoreoften.B.Theytendtotalklessduringthegame.C.Theyprefertousemorespatiallanguage.D.Theyarelikelytoplaywithtougherpuzzles.27.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Amathematicalmethod. B.Ascientificstudy.C.Awomanpsychologist D.Ateachingprogram.【答案】24.B25.C26.D27.B【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。是关于孩子们玩智力游戏的研究，介绍了研究考虑的因素，研究过程和结果。24.细节理解题。根据第二段中…foundchildrenwhoplaywithpuzzlesbetweenages2and4developbetterspatialskill(在2岁到4岁之间玩智力游戏的儿童在空间能力方面更好)可知，孩子们可以从智力游戏中发展更好的空间技能。B.Developingspatialskills(发展空间能力)符合以上说法，故选B项。25.细节理解题。根据第二段中Puzzleplaywasfoundtobeasignificantpredictorofcognitionaftercontrollingfordifferenceinparents'ine,educationandtheamountofparenttalk,Levinesaid.(Levine说，在父母的收入、教育和父母谈话次数方面控制差异性之后，拼图游戏被发现是一个重要的认知预测)可知Levine在设计这个试验时考虑了父母的收入、教育程度和父母谈话的次数。C.Parents'education.(父母的教育)符合以上说法，故选C项。26.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中However,boystendedtoplaywithmoreplexpuzzlesthangirls,可知男孩比女孩更喜欢玩复杂的谜题，即他们可能会玩难度更大的谜题。D.Theyarelikelytoplaywithtougherpuzzles.(他们有可能玩更复杂的谜题)符合以上说法，故选D项。27.主旨大意题。本文是关于孩子们玩智力游戏的研究，介绍了研究考虑的因素，研究过程和结果。所以是关于科学研究的。B.Ascientificstudy(一项科学研究)符合以上说法，故选B项。C（2021，新高考I卷）WhentheexplorersfirstsetfootuponthecontinentofNorthAmerica,theskiesandlandswerealivewithanastonishingvarietyofwildlife.NativeAmericanshadtakencareofthesepreciousnaturalresourceswisely.Unfortunately,ittooktheexplorersandthesettlerswhofollowedonlyafewdecadestodecimatealargepartoftheseresources.Millionsofwaterfowl(水禽)werekilledatthehandsofmarkethuntersandahandfulofoverlyambitioussportsmen.Millionsofacresofwetlandsweredriedtofeedandhousetheeverincreasingpopulations,greatlyreducingwaterfowlhabitat.In1934,withthepassageoftheMigratoryBirdHuntingStampAct(Act),anincreasinglyconcernednationtookfirmactiontostopthedestructionofmigratory(迁徙的)waterfowlandthewetlandssovitaltotheirsurvival.UnderthisAct,allwaterfowlhunters16yearsofageandovermustannuallypurchaseandcarryaFederalDuckStamp.TheveryfirstFederalDuckStampwasdesignedbyJ.N.“Ding”Darling,apoliticalcartoonistfromDesMoines,lowa,whoatthattimewasappointedbyPresidentFranklinRooseveltasDirectoroftheBureauofBiologicalSurvey.Hunterswillinglypaythestamppricetoensurethesurvivalofournaturalresources.About98centsofeveryduckstampdollargoesdirectlyintotheMigratoryBirdConservationFundtopurchasewetlandsandwildlifehabitatforinclusionintotheNationalWildlifeRefugeSystem—afactthatensuresthislandwillbeprotectedandavailableforallgenerationstoe.Since1934betterthanhalfabilliondollarshasgoneintothatFundtopurchasemorethan5millionacresofhabitat.LittlewondertheFederalDuckStampProgramhasbeencalledoneofthemostsuccessfulconservationprogramseverinitiated.28.WhatwasacauseofthewaterfowlpopulationdeclineinNorthAmerica?A.Lossofwetlands. B.Popularityofwatersports.C.Pollutionofrivers. D.Arrivalofotherwildanimals.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“decimate”meaninthefirstparagraph?A.Acquire. B.Export.C.Destroy. D.Distribute.30.WhatisadirectresultoftheActpassedin1934?A.Thestamppricehasgonedown. B.Themigratorybirdshaveflownaway.C.Thehuntershavestoppedhunting. D.Thegovernmenthascollectedmoney.31.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheFederalDuckStampStory B.TheNationalWildlifeRefugeSystemC.TheBenefitsofSavingWaterfowl D.TheHistoryofMigratoryBirdHunting【答案】28.A29.C30.D31.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。本文讲述了美国鸭票的故事，由于美国移民的大量流入，对于农地和住房的急需大量的水禽栖息地被破坏导致美国水禽骤减，因此美国发行了鸭票，狩猎者只有购买了鸭票才能狩猎，而鸭票的部分收入进入到了用于购买水禽栖息地的基金，从而保护了水禽。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Millionsofacresofwetlandsweredriedtofeedandhousetheeverincreasingpopulations,greatlyreducingwaterfowlhabitat.”可知，上百万公顷的湿地被抽干用作农地或者修建住房，极大地减少了水禽的栖息地，故可知，栖息地的减少导致了水禽数量的下降，故选A。【29题详解】词义猜测题。根据前一句“NativeAmericanshadtakencareofthesepreciousnaturalresourceswisely.”可知，北美的土著人把这些珍贵的自然资源保护的很合理，本句中的“Unfortunately”可知，本句与上一句形成了转折，前一句陈述北美土著人做的好的地方，故可知，本句阐述移民者做的不好的地方，即移民者破坏了这些自然资源，故画线词意思是“破坏”。A.Acquire获得；B.Export出口；C.Destroy破坏；D.Distribute分配。故选C。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Since1934,betterthanhalfabilliondollarshasgoneintothatFundtopurchasemorethan5millionacresofhabitat.”可知，自1934年起，超过5亿美元进入到了这个基金会，购买了超过500万公顷的水禽栖息地，故可以推出，通过发行鸭票，美国政府获得了大量的资金，故选D。【31题详解】主旨大意题。根据全文可知，由于之前不恰当的发展导致美国水禽骤减，因此美国发行了鸭票，狩猎者只有购买了鸭票才能狩猎，而鸭票的部分收入进入到了用于购买水禽栖息地的基金，从而保护了水禽，故可知，本文讲述美国鸭票的故事，故选A。D（2022，新高考II卷）Humanspeechcontainsmorethan2,000differentsounds,fromthemon“m”and“a”totherareclicksofsomesouthernAfricanlanguages.Butwhyarecertainsoundsmoremonthanothers?Agroundbreaking,fiveyearstudyshowsthatdietrelatedchangesinhumanbiteledtonewspeechsoundsthatarenowfoundinhalftheworld’slanguages.Morethan30yearsago,thescholarCharlesHockettnotedthatspeechsoundscalledlabiodentals,suchas“f”and“v”,weremoremoninthelanguagesofsocietiesthatatesofterfoods.NowateamofresearchersledbyDamiánBlasiattheUniversityofZurich,Switzerland,hasfoundhowandwhythistrendarose.Theydiscoveredthattheupperandlowerfrontteethofancienthumanadultswerealigned(对齐),makingithardtoproducelabiodentals,whichareformedbytouchingthelowerliptotheupperteeth.Later,ourjawschangedtoanoverbitestructure(结构),makingiteasiertoproducesuchsounds.TheteamshowedthatthischangeinbitewasconnectedwiththedevelopmentofagricultureintheNeolithicperiod.Foodbecameeasiertochewatthispoint.Thejawbonedidn’thavetodoasmuchworkandsodidn’tgrowtobesolarge.AnalysesofalanguagedatabasealsoconfirmedthattherewasaglobalchangeinthesoundofworldlanguagesaftertheNeolithicage,withtheuseof“f”and“v”increasingremarkablyduringthelastfewthousandyears.Thesesoundsarestillnotfoundinthelanguagesofmanyhuntergathererpeopletoday.Thisresearchoverturnsthepopularviewthatallhumanspeechsoundswerepresentwhenhumanbeingsevolvedaround300,000yearsago.”Thesetofspeechsoundsweusehasnotnecessarilyremainedstablesincetheappearanceofhumanbeings,butratherthehugevarietyofspeechsoundsthatwefindtodayistheproductofaplexinterplayofthingslikebiologicalchangeandculturalevolution,“saidStevenMoran,amemberoftheresearchteam.32.WhichaspectofthehumanspeechsounddoesDamiánBlasi’sresearchfocuson?A.Itsvariety. B.Itsdistribution. C.Itsquantity. D.Itsdevelopment.33.Whywasitdifficultforancienthumanadultstoproducelabiodentals?A.Theyhadfewerupperteeththanlowerteeth.B.Theycouldnotopenandclosetheirlipseasily.C.Theirjawswerenotconvenientlystructured.DTheirlowerfrontteethwerenotlargeenough.34.Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?A.Supportingevidencefortheresearchresults.B.Potentialapplicationoftheresearchfindings.C.Afurtherexplanationoftheresearchmethods.D.Areasonabledoubtabouttheresearchprocess.35.WhatdoesStevenMoransayaboutthesetofhumanspeechsounds?A.Itiskeytoeffectivemunication. B.Itcontributesmuchtoculturaldiversity.C.Itisaplexanddynamicsystem. D.Itdrivestheevolutionofhumanbeings.【答案】32.D33.C34.A35.C【解析】【导语】本篇是一篇说明文。主要介绍因为饮食的改变导致了现在在世界上一半的语言中发现了新的语音。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“Morethan30yearsago,thescholarCharlesHockettnotedthatspeechsoundscalledlabiodentals,suchas“f”and"v",weremoremoninthelanguagesofsocietiesthatatesofterfoods.NowateamofresearchersledbyDamianBlasiattheUniversityofZurich,Switzerland,hasfoundhowandwhythistrendarose.（30多年前，学者CharlesHockett注意到，被称为唇齿音的语音，如“f”和“v”，在吃软食物的社会的语言中更常见。现在，瑞士苏黎世大学的DamianBlasi领导的一组研究人员发现了这一趋势产生的方式和原因。）”可知DamianBlasi的研究重点是在语言的演变上。故选D项。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Theydiscoveredthattheupperandlowerfrontteethofancienthumanadultswerealigned，makingithardtoproducelabiodentals，whichareformedbytouchingthelowerliptotheupperteeth.Later,ourjawschangedtoanoverbitestructure,makingiteasiertoproducesuchsounds.（他们发现，古人类的上门牙和下门牙是对齐的，因此很难产生唇齿音，唇齿音是通过下唇接触上牙齿而形成的。后来，我们的下颚变成了覆盖咬合结构，更容易发出这样的声音）”可知，因为古代成年人的下颚结构使他们很难发出唇齿音。故选C项。【34题详解】主旨大意题。根据第五段中的“AnalysesofalanguagedatabasealsoconfirmedthattherewasaglobalchangeinthesoundofworldlanguagesafterthesoNeolithicage,withtheuseof“f”and“v”increasingremarkablyduringthelastfewthousandyears.Thesesoundsarestillnotfoundinthelanguagesofmanyhuntergathererpeopletoday.（对语言数据库的分析也证实，在新石器时代之后，世界语言的发音发生了全球性的变化，在过去几千年里，“f”和“v”的使用显著增加。这些声音在今天许多狩猎采集者的语言中仍然没有发现）”可知，第五段主要是通过列明数据分析结果来进一步证明研究结果。故选A项。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中““Thesetofspeechsoundsweusehasnotnecessarilyremainedstablesincetheappearanceofhumanbeings,butratherthehugevarietyofspeechsoundsthatwefindtodayistheproductofaplexinterplayofthingslikebiologicalchangeandculturalevolution,”saidStevenMoran,amemberoftheresearchteam.（研究小组成员StevenMoran说:“自从人类出现以来，我们使用的语音不一定保持稳定，我们今天发现的各种语音都是生物变化和文化进化等复杂相互作用的产物。”）”可知，StevenMoran认为语音是一个复杂的动态系统。故选C项。第二节(共5小题:每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。（2021，新高考II卷）Iftheonlyreadingyoueverdoisthenovelormagazine,thespeedatwhichyoureadprobablydoesnotmatterverymuch.Butifyouhavetoreadagreatdealforstudy,youwillappreciatethebenefitsofbeingabletoreadmorequickly.____36____Beforeyouopenthebook,makesurethatyouarefortable.Youneedaseatwhichsupportsyourbackandthebookshouldbeattherightdistancefromyoureyes.___37________38____Lookatthetableofcontents,thepreface,thechapterheading,etc.Thiswillhelpyoutodecidewhetheryoureallyneedtoreadthewholebookoronlycertainpartsofit.Tenminutesspentinthiswaycouldsaveyouquitealotoftimeinthelongrun.Ifyoudecidethatyouneedtoreadthewholebook,decidehowmuchyoucanreadatatime.____39____Ahistorybookwhichmaycontainthefactsinstoryformwillbeeasiertoreadthanonedealingwithscientificsubjects.Intheformercaseyoumaybeabletoreadachapter.Inthelatteryoumayonlybeabletoreadonepage.Alwayskeepapencilandpaperbesideyou.____40____Notealsothefactsimportantforyourpurposeaswellasanythingwhichleadsyoutofurtherresearch.Youdon'thavetowritethesethingsindetail.Itisenoughtoputthepagenumberandoneortwowordsasareminder.A.Stoptohavearestnowandthen.B.Spendafewminuteslookingthroughthebook.C.Thisdependsonthetypeofbookyouarereading.D.Herearesometipstohelpimproveyourreadingspeed.E.Makeanoteofanypagewhichisofspecialimportance.F.Youmayfindyourselfhavingtoleamsomethingbyheart.G.Keeptheroomcoolratherthanwarmtoavoidfeelingsleepy.【答案】36.D37.G38.B39.C40.E【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些帮助提高阅读速度的建议。【36题详解】根据上文“Iftheonlyreadingyoueverdoisthenovelormagazine,thespeedatwhichyoureadprobablydoesnotmatterverymuch.Butifyouhavetoreadagreatdealforstudy,youwillappreciatethebenefitsofbeingabletoreadmorequickly.（如果你唯一的阅读是小说或杂志，那么你阅读的速度可能并不重要。但是，如果你必须大量阅读来学习，你就会感激能够更快地阅读的好处。）”可知，接下来要介绍提高阅读速度的方法。D项：Herearesometipstohelpimproveyourreadingspeed.（这里有一些帮助提高阅读速度的建议。）符合语境。故选D。【37题详解】根据本段主题句“Beforeyouopenthebook,makesurethatyouarefortable.（在你打开书之前，确保你感到舒服。）”可知，本段主要说明要给自己创造舒适的阅读环境。G项：Keeptheroomcoolratherthanwarmtoavoidfeelingsleepy.（保持房间凉爽而不是温暖以避免困倦。）符合语境。故选G。【38题详解】空处为段落主题句。根据下文“Lookatthetableofcontents,thepreface,thechapterheading,etc（查看目录、前言、章节标题等。）”可知，本段主要讲述在阅读一本书之前要先浏览一下大致内容。B项：Spendafewminuteslookingthroughthebook.（花几分钟浏览一下这本书。）符合语境。故选B。【39题详解】根据上文“Ifyoudecidethatyouneedtoreadthewholebook,decidehowmuchyoucanreadatatime.（如果你决定要读完整本书，决定一下你一次能读多少。）”和下文“Ahistorybookwhichmaycontainthefactsinstoryformwillbeeasiertoreadthanonedealingwithscientificsubjects.（以故事形式包含事实的历史书比科学题材的书更容易阅读。）”可知，看书时间的长短取决于书的类型。C项：Thisdependsonthetypeofbookyouarereading.（这取决于你读的书的类型。）符合语境。故选C。【40题详解】根据段落主题句“Alwayskeepapencilandpaperbesideyou.（总是在身边放一支铅笔和一张纸。）”可知，本段强调要随时注意记笔记。E项：Makeanoteofanypagewhichisofspecialimportance.（把任何有特别重要的一页都记下来。）符合语境。故选E。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题:每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。（2023，新高考I卷）OnOct.11,hundredsofrunnerspetedinacrosscountryraceinMinnesota.MelanieBaileyshouldhave____41____thecourseearlierthanshedid.Her____42____camebecauseshewascarryinga____43____acrossthefinishline.Asreportedbyalocalnewspaper,Baileywasmorethantwothirdsofthewaythroughher____44____whenarunnerinfrontofherbegancryinginpain.She___45____tohelpherfellowrunner,DanielleLenoue.Baileytookherarmtoseeifshecouldwalkforwardwith____46____.Shecouldn’t.Baileythen____47____toletLenoueclimbontoherbackandcarriedherallthewaytothefinishline,thenanother300feettowhereLenouecouldget____48____attention.Oncethere,Lenouewas___49____andlatertakentoahospital,whereshelearnedthatshehadseriousinjuriesinoneofherknees.Shewouldhavestruggledwithextreme____40____tomakeittothataidcheckpointwithoutBailey’shelp.AsforBailey,sheismore____51____aboutwhyheractisconsideredabig____52____.“Shewasjustcrying.Icouldn’t____53____her,”Baileytoldthereporter.“IfeellikeIwasjustdoingtherightthing.”Althoughthetwoyoungwomenwerestrangersbeforethe____34____,they’vesincebeefriends.Neitherwontherace,butthe___55____ofhumankindnesswontheday.41.A.designed B.followed C.changed D.finished42.A.delay B.chance C.trouble D.excuse43.A.judge B.volunteer C.classmate D.petitor44.A.race B.school C.town D.training45.A.agreed B.returned C.stopped D.promised46.A.courage B.aid C.patience D.advice47.A.wentaway B.stoodup C.steppedaside D.bentdown48.A.medical B.public C.constant D.equal49.A.interrupted B.assessed C.identified D.appreciated50.A.hunger B.pain C.cold D.tiredness51.A.worried B.ashamed C.confused D.discouraged52.A.game B.problem C.lesson D.deal53.A.leave B.cure C.bother D.understand54.A.ride B.test C.meet D.show55.A.secret B.display C.benefit D.exchange【答案】41.D42.A43.D44.A45.C46.B47.D48.A49.B50.B51.C52.D53.A54.C55.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是在明尼苏达州举行的一次越野赛中，MelanieBailey背着另一个参赛者DanielleLenoue过终点线并接受医疗检查的善行义举。【41题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：MelanieBailey应该更早完成比赛。A.designed设计；B.followed跟随；C.changed改变；D.finished完成。根据下一段的“carriedherallthewaytothefinishline,thenanother300feettowhereLenouecouldget________attention”可知，Bailey在比赛中背一名参赛者，所以完成比赛晚了，因此句子表示“MelanieBailey应该更早完成比赛”。故选D。【42题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。A.delay延误；B.chance机会；C.trouble麻烦；D.excuse借口。根据上文“MelanieBaileyshouldhave_______thecourseearlierthanshedid”和上一题的解析可知，MelanieBailey应该更早完成比赛，她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。故选A。【43题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的延迟是