Unit2OutofThisWorldGrammarandusage语法学案-高中英语牛津译林版（2020）选择性

Unit2Grammar学案一、学习目标通过观察语篇，探究归纳主语从句的使用规则；通过单句和语篇巩固练习，进一步内化其运用；通过正确运用主语从句，完成写作任务。二、学习过程Activity1ExploringtherulesReadthenewspaperfeaturearticleonpage20andfillinthefollowingtable.TheuseoftelescopetoexplorespaceTimeBreakthroughsUseIn1990(1)_______________________(2)_______________________(3)_________TheKeplerSpaceTelescope(4)_______________________(5)_________(6)_______________________TodetectmunicationsignalsbetweenthestarsintheuniverseFindthesentenceswithsubjectclausesinthearticleonpage20._____________________________________________________________________Activity2Workingouttherules什么是名词性从句？什么是主语从句？在句子中起______作用的各种从句统称为名词性从句。根据它们在句中的语法作用，又可分为______从句、______从句、______从句和______从句。复合句中用作主语的从句叫______从句。请判断以下从句的类型Thatthespacemissionwentsowellwasbeyondourexpectation.____________Whatexcitesmethemostisthatyoungpeopletodayaredigitalcitizens.____________ThereisevidencethatacupuncturedatesbacktotheStoneAge.____________WeneedtomakesurethatwewillnotfallvictimtoAI.____________ThelandingofChang’e3provedtobeasuccessandhowitlaidthefoundationforfutureexplorationwasplaintosee.____________引导主语从句的连接词连接词：that,whether,if连接代词：what,which,who,whom,whose,whatever,whichever,whoever,whomever连接副词：when,where,why,howthat和whether/if引导的主语从句ThatHubbleisbasedinspaceallowsittoseefurtherthangroundbasedtelescopes.Whetherlifeonotherplanetsdoesexistisyettobeproved.Itisunknownwhether/ifthemeetingispostponed.that在主语从句中______（充当/不充当）句子成分，也没有含义，只起连接作用，但通常不能省略。whether/if在从句中______（充当/不充当）句子成分,仅起连接作用,意为______。whether引导的主语从句可置于句首，也可置于句末;而if引导的主语从句不能置于句首，只能置于______。_____theorymustgohandinhandwithpracticeisaprincipleweshouldalwayskeepinmind._____themeetingwillbeheldontimeisstillaquestionbecauseofthehurricane.Itisstillunderdiscussion__________theoldbusstationshouldbereplacedwithamodernhotel.连接代词引导的主语从句Whobroketheglassyesterdayisnotclear.WhatIreallyneedatpresentisyourunderstandingandsupport.Whichcaryouwillchoosetobuymakesnodifference.Whoeverbreaksthelawshouldbepunished.Whateverwassaidheremustbekeptsecret.Whicheverofyougetstherefirstwillgettheprize.连接代词who,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever等引导主语从句时，既起连接作用，又在从句中充当______、______、定语、表语等成分。whatever引导主语从句时，表示"任何/一切事/东西"，相当于anythingthat;whichever引导主语从句时，表示"任何哪一个"。_____teamwinsonSaturdaywilltakepartinthenationalchampionship._____willbemadecaptainofourteamisstillunknown,butitiscertainthat_____isputintothispositionistoleadusoutofthepresentdifficulty.连接副词引导的主语从句Whenweshallholdoursportsmeetinghasnotbeendecidedyet.Whereheheardaboutthatnewsisunknown.HowthelandingofChang’e3laidthefoundationforfutureexplorationwasplaintosee.连接副词when，where，how，why引导主语从句时，既是连接词，又在主语从句中作_____。_____作地点状语;_____作时间状语;_____作原因状语;_____作方式状语。连接副词引导主语从句时，也常用_____作形式主语。Ithascausedmuchdiscussion_____themanagerresignedwithoutsayinganything.Myexperiencetellsmethat_____youmakeuseofwhatyouaregivenmattersalot.（4）it作形式主语，从句作真正的主语为避免头重脚轻，使句子平衡,常用it作形式主语,而将作真正主语的从句后置。it作形式主语，从句作真正主语的常见用法有以下几种：①It+be＋名词短语十从句.这样的名词短语有afact,anhonor,apity,ashame,nosurprise,nowonder..Giventheseculturaldifferences,_______________（不足为奇）CanadahasbeencelebratingMulticulturalismDaysince2002._______________（事实上）technologyhasrevolutionizedthewaywemunicate._______________（很遗憾）youwereabsentfromourfamilyreunion.②It+be＋形容词十从句.这样的形容词有likely/possible,obvious/apparent/evident,necessary/vital/crucial,strange等。注意：在“Itisnecessary/vital/crucial/important/essential/natural+that从句”中，从句常用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用“should+动词原形”的形式，should可以省略。_______________（很明显）thedatagatheredbythesespacecraftsprovidedvaluableinformation._______________（奇怪的是）wetrytosleepwithnopressureagainstourback,buttheunusualbedsdon’tbotherusanymore._______________（至关重要的是）astronauts(should)spendsometimeinthegymfortheirhealth.③It十动词(短语)十从句。这样的结构有：Itmakesnodifferencethat...毫无区别Itsuddenlyoccurredto/hit/struckmethat...我突然想到...Itturnedoutthat...结果是..._______________（我突然想到）IhadtoattendanimportantconferenceinShanghai._______________（结果证明）thepanyhadmadeamistakeintheircalculations.=4\*GB3④It+be＋过去分词＋从句．这样的过去分词有believed,reported,said,predicted,suggested,remended,advocated,thought,decided,expected等。注意：当过去分词是suggested，advised，ordered，requested，required等表示建议、要求、命令等的词语时，从句要用虚拟语气，即从句的谓语用"should+动词原形"的形式，should可以省略。_______________（据报道）4peoplehadbeenconfirmeddead._______________（据估计）thenumberofdeathscouldreach9.________________________（普遍认为）educationplaysacrucialroleinshapingaperson’sfuture.Itisremendedthatfoodsrichinprotein__________(consume)tosupportmusclegrowth.主语从句中的主谓一致（1）主句谓语动词用单数形式的情況①单个从句作主语时Whatourteachersaidhasleftusmuchtothinkabout.②两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句时Whenandwheretheconferencewillbeheldhasnotbeendecidedyet（2）主句谓语动词用复数形式的情况：并列从句作主语。WhentheywillsetoffforLondonandwheretheywillstayhavenotbeendecidedyet.（3）what引导的主语从句作主语时，位于动词的数应与作表语的名词保持一致。Whatweneedaremorepersonalputersbutwhatwelackisexactlyenoughmoney.Activity3Applyingtherulespletethesentenceswithproperlinkingwordstoformsubjectclauses._____learningaforeignlanguagecandevelopstudents’thinkingabilityiswellaccepted._____makesTomsoextraordinaryishisrichimaginationandhisabilitytoexpresshimself.Itismonknowledge_____theEarthisnowtheonlyplanetinthesolarsystemsuitabletoliveon.Diditeveroccurtoyou_____shewastellingawhitelie?_____wefeelaboutourselvesissometimesaffectedbyotherpeople’sopinions._____thereislifeonotherplanetsremainstobeseen._____weshouldputthealbumisaproblem.Ithasnotbeendecidedyet_____weshallgoonatriptoJapan._____themanbrokeintothecarisnotknown,becausehedidn’ttakeanyofthevaluablesinside.Weneedtobearinmindthat_____holdsfasttodreamsismorelikelytosucceed.pletethepassagewithproperlinkingwordstoformsubjectclauses.Itistrue_____experiencesareacquiredthroughourjourneyoflife._____webelieveand_____welookatthingsandpeoplearoundusarebasedonallourexperiencesinlife.Despitethefact_____thingsandlifearethewaytheyare,weallhavedifferentopinionsandbeliefsabouteverythingandeverybody.Otherpeoplehaveopinionsaboutus