新教材2023版高中英语课时作业5Unit11ConflictandCompromisePartATopicTalk北师大版选择性必修第四册

课时作业(五)Unit11PartATopicTalkⅠ.阅读理解ACanberra,thecapitalofAustralia,liesinthesoutheastofthecountry.Fromthiscity,itisabout240kilometerstoSydney,andovertwicethedistancetoMelbourne.TheformerfacesthePacificOcean,andthelatterisclosetotheBassStraitthroughwhichshipsfromSydneycanentertheIndianOcean.WhentheFederalGovernmentofAustraliawasfoundedin1901,nooneknewwhereAustralia'scapitalwouldbe.ThetwocitiesofMelbourneandSydneybothwantedthehonor.Instead,thefoundingfatherschoseapieceoflandbetweenthetwocitiesforthenewcapital.ThegovernmentwouldbuildanewcitycalledCanberraasthecountry'scapital.In1911,thegovernmentinvitedworldleadingarchitectstoenterdesignsforCanberrainacontest.AnarchitectfromChicagonamedWalterBurleyGriffinwonaninternationalcompetitionforthedesignofthenewcity.Constructionbeganin1913butwasinterruptedbyWorldWarI(1914～1918).Twenty­fouryearslater,thecitywasfinished.Butthegovernmentmovedtothisnewcitytenyearsbeforeitwascompleted.Atonetime,almosteveryoneinCanberraworkedforthegovernment.However,thecitytodayhasbecomeacenterofeducationandfavoriteplacefortourists.Nowpeoplecanholdagovernmentjob,ortheycanworkinbusiness.Theyalsomakealivingbyteachingormeetingtheneedsoftourists.PeoplefindlifeinCanberrarelaxingandpleasant.Thecityissurroundedbybeautifulmountainswherepeoplecanski.Thereisalargeman­madelakelinedwithbeachesandparksinthecenterofCanberra.CanberraisnowAustralia'slargestinlandcity.ManypeoplelivingtherehavecomefromothercitiesinAustraliaandfromotherlands.TheyhavecometoCanberratowork.Somehavecometoescapethebusierwayoflifefoundinmanyothercities.1．Accordingtothepassage,howfarawayisSydneyfromMelbourne?A．About240kilometers.B．About480kilometers.C．About720kilometers.D．About960kilometers.2．WhatcanweknowaboutCanberrafromthispassage?A．Alovelycitytowhichnovisitorscangoonlybysea.B．Abeautifulcoastalcitywithbeachesandparks.C．ThelargestcityandeducationcentreinAustralia.D．Apleasantplacewithmanymountainsandlakes.3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“honor”inParagraph2referto?A．BeingchosenasthecapitalcityofAustralia.B.BuildingthecityofCanberra.C．ReplacingCanberraasthecapitalcityofAustralia.D．OfferingfundstobuildthecityofCanberra.BSummeristheseasonofmosquitoes.Andmosquitobitesaretrulytheworst—notonlyaretheyhugeandpainful,buttheyitch(发痒)terribly.Andonceyoustartscratching(挠),it'shardtostop.Youcanblamefemalemosquitoesforthetroubleweallface.Thereissomesalivathatenterstheskinwhilethemosquitoisenjoyingitsbloodmeal.Thisistheproteinthatleadstotheallergicreactionanditching.Basically,ourimmunesystemseestheproteinasanenemyinvader.Thiscausesdiscomfortandourbodiesarejustparticularlysensitivetothemosquitobites.Scratchingamosquitobiteisadouble­edgedsword.Itfeelssogood,butitalsomakestheitchworse.Whenyouscratch,youmayreleasemorechemicalsintheskinthatcausetheswellinganditchingandyoumayalsobespreadingtheallergenundertheskin.Ifyoutendtoscratchuntilyoubleed,you'reputtingyourselfatriskforskininfections.Youcan'timaginethatmosquitobitesdoitchmoreatnight.Mostpeopleitchmoreatnightbecauseourcortisollevelsourbodies'ownanti­inflammatoryhormone(抗炎激素)areloweratnight,andalsobecausewearemorelikelytofocusaswewind__downandtrytofallasleepafterabusyday.Ifyou'veeverwonderedwhysomemosquitobitesitchmorethanothers,ittotallydependsonyourbody.Everyonerespondsdifferentlytomosquitobites.Whilesomepeoplemayhaveaminimalreaction,othersmayexperienceextremeswelling.Butthemostcommonreactionissimplyred,itchyandswollenbumps.Itjustdependsonyourbody'simmunesystem.Peoplewithweakerimmunesystemaremorelikelytodevelopmoreseverelocalreactionsafterthemosquitobites.4．Whataccountsfortheitchcausedbymosquitobites?A．Thesensitivityofpeople'sskin.B．Thechangeintemperature.C．Thenumberofmosquitoes.D．Theproteinfrommosquitoes.5．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“winddown”inParagraph4mean?A．Becomeexcited.B．Feelrelaxed.C．Becomenervous.D．Keepawake.6．Whyaresomepeopledisturbedlessbymosquitobitesthanothers?A．Theirskinisthickerthanothers'.B．Theyaremoreaccustomedtothebites.C．Theirbody'simmunesystemisstronger.D．Theypaylessattentiontothemosquitobites.7．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．HowCanPeopleAvoidMosquitoBites?B．People'sResponsetoMosquitoBitesC．WhyDoMosquitoBitesItch?D．TheCureforMosquitoBitesⅡ.七选五TheBestFamily­FriendlyBeachesintheU．S.Doyouplanabeachvacationthissummer?Beforeyougo,checkoutourlistofthebestfamily­friendlybeachesintheU．S.__1__.Withsoftsandandlotsofactivitiesforyourchildren,spendingtimetheremightfinallyallowyoutohavearelaxingfamilyvacationyou'vebeendreamingof.·__2__LocatedinSiestaKey,Florida,SiestaBeachoffersfamiliessomeofthesoftestsandinthecountry,alongwithasmoke­freeenvironment,crystalclearwater,aplaygroundforthekids,coveredpicnicareas,andsandvolleyballcourts.·CoastGuardBeachLocatedinCapeCod,Massachussetts,CoastGuardBeachmakestheperfectvacationdestinationforfamilieslookingforamorenaturalsetting.Thisquietandmodestbeachofferswildlifeviewing,beachbiking,andcoolwaterthroughouttheyear.MakesuretoplanadinneroutatArnold'sLobster,__3__Kidsallloveit!·SleepingBearDunesNationalLakeshore__4__.Anditfeaturesmilesofcleansandsnexttoalakefrontbeach.YouandthekidscanclimbupanddownthemassiveSleepingBearDunes,andthencooloffbyplayingallafternooninthecoolwatersofLakeMichigan.·CannonBeachAlthoughcooler,CannonBeachinOregonmakestheperfectlocationforfamiliesinterestedinnatureandtheenvironment.WithabackdropofstunningHaystackRock,youandyourchildrencanenjoyuncrowdedbeaches,investigatetidepools,watchwildlife,flykites,andbikealongtheshore.·KiawahBeachwalkerPark__5__.KiawahBeachwalkerParkonKiawahIsland,justoffthecoastofSouthCarolina,hascleanbeaches,unbeatablewildlifeviewing,artandcraftactivities,bikerental,andjuniornaturalistclassesforkids.A．SiestaBeachB．RehobothBeachC．WhichservesmealsingamesD．AndthenpleasetryoneofthesetopbeachesaroundthecountryE．Iwonderwhetheryouarereadytoplanyournextvacationatoneofthesefamily­friendlybeachesF．GetclosetoLakeMichigan,andyou'llfindtheSleepingBearDunesNationalLakeshoreG.Youdon'tneedtoleavethecountryinordertotakeyourchildrenonafantasticislandvacation课时作业(五)Ⅰ.阅读理解A【语篇解读】本文为说明文，介绍了澳大利亚首都堪培拉的历史、位置、人民和环境。1．答案与解析：C推理判断题。根据第二段后三句可知，堪培拉位于墨尔本和悉尼之间；根据第一段第二句可知，堪培拉距离悉尼大约240千米，距离墨尔本有2倍的距离，大约为480千米，所以悉尼距墨尔本大约720千米远，故选C。2．答案与解析：A推理判断题。根据最后一段第四句可知，堪培拉是一个内陆城市，不是只能通过水路到达，故选A。3．答案与解析：A推理判断题。根据第二段可知，当年澳大利亚建国时，悉尼和墨尔本两个城市都争当首都，故选A。B【语篇解读】本文为说明文，主题语境是人与自然之自然生态。夏天是蚊子猖狂的季节，但因每个人的体质不同，被蚊子叮咬后的反应也各不相同。4．答案与解析：D细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Thisistheproteinthatleadstotheallergicreactionanditching.”可知，蚊子唾液里的蛋白质导致过敏反应与发痒。5．答案与解析：B词义猜测题。根据第四段内容可知，被蚊子叮咬后晚上会感到更痒，主要因为身体的抗炎激素在晚上更低，另外忙碌一天后人们放松下来，准备睡觉，故选B项。6．答案与解析：C细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Itjustdependsonyourbody'simmunesystem.Peo