2021新高考英语人教版一轮复习学案第一编选修6Unit5Thepowerofnature

Unit5Thepowerofnature晨背分钟填词并背记AVolcanoEruptionAsthebestcandidate,_Iwasappointedtocollectandevaluateinformationforadatabaseaboutdiversenaturaldisasters,suchashurricanes,_typhoonsorthunderstorms.SometimesIdidthisbygivingoutquestionnairestothosewhowentthroughthem.ButsometimesIhadtogothroughactualdisastersmyself.TheMusakiVolcanowasoneofthem.Atthattime,Ilivedinabungalowalongsidethevolcanowithanovelist,_whocamefortheappreciationofitseruption.Oneday,whenIwasdrawingdiagramsonthebalconyandhewasbathinginside,thevolcanoeruptedunexpectedly.Theashandlavafountainsshootinghighlyintheskyvaried_from50to100metersinheight.Itwasabsolutelyfantastic!Ievennoticedarainbowappearinthefogcausedbyaheatwave.But,glancingthroughoursurroundings,Iforesawthepotentialdangerandfoundnoguaranteeofoursafety.Theunfortablegasalmostmadeusunconscious.Sweatofanxietybegantodrop.Managingtostoppanickingandtrembling,_wequicklyputonourprotectivesuits,_helmetsandbootsandeventuallymade_our_way_toasafeplace.Howluckywewereeventhoughmypreciousequipmentanddocumentswereallburnt_to_the_ground!一次火山爆发作为最好的候选人，我被委派为一个数据库收集和评估各种自然灾害的信息，例如飓风、台风或雷暴等。有时我通过向经历过这些灾害的人分发调查问卷来收集信息，有时却得亲自经历实际的灾害。Musaki火山就是其中之一。那时，我和一名来欣赏火山爆发的小说家同住在火山边上的一座平房里。有一天，当我正在阳台上画图表而他在屋里洗澡时，火山突然爆发了。喷射到天空中的火山灰和岩浆喷泉从50米到100米不等。这一情景绝对地奇异！我甚至还注意到一条彩虹出现在热浪造成的雾里。然而，我向四周看了一下，马上预见到了潜在的危险，也发现了我们的安全毫无保障。令人不舒服的气体几乎使我们失去知觉，忧虑的汗水开始流淌下来。我们努力使自己不要惊慌和颤抖，迅速穿上保护套装、头盔和靴子，最后成功前往安全的地方。尽管我珍贵的设备和文件都烧得精光，但是我们真的非常幸运！1．erupt(vi.)(指火山)爆发；突然发生→eruption(n.)火山爆发；(战争等)爆发2．equipment(n.)设备；装备→equip(vt3．evaluate(vt.)评估；评价；估计→evaluation(4．absolute(adj.)绝对的；完全的→absolutely(adv.)绝对地；完全地5．actual(adj.)实在的；实际的→actually(adv.)实际上6．unfortable(adj.)不舒服的；不舒适的→unfortably(adv.)不舒服地；不舒适地→fortable(反义词)(adj.)舒服的；舒适的7．unconscious(adj.)失去知觉的；未察觉的→conscious(反义词)(adj.)有知觉的；有意识的8．diverse(adj.)多种多样的；不同的→diversity(n.)多种多样；多样性9．appreciation(n.)欣赏；感激；感谢→appreciate(vt10．glancethrough匆匆看一遍11．beparedwith与……相比12．beaboutto即将13．beamazedat对……感到惊讶14．behometo是……的栖息地15．takenotice留意；注意16．inthedistance在远处17．haveagiftfor有……的天赋重点知识分钟appointvt.任命；委派；安排；确定(P34)(1)单句语法填空①He(appoint)asgeneralmanagerforhisrichexperienceaswellasexcellenteducationalbackground.②Ihavean(appoint)withDrSmith,butIneedtochangeit.③Mypatientdidn'tturnupatthetime;thatis,shemissedan(appoint).答案：①wasappointed②appointment③appointed;appointment(2)一句多译她是这些年来唯一一个被选进董事会的女性。①Sheistheonlyoneofthewomentheboardtheseyears.(定语从句)②Sheistheonlyoneofthewomentheboardtheseyears.(非谓语动词短语)答案：①whohasbeenappointedto②appointedto(1)appointsb.to_be/as任命某人为……appointsb.todosth.委派某人做某事appointatime/placefor...为……约定时间/地点(2)appointmentn.任命；约会make/have/fixanappointmentwithsb.与某人预约keepanappointment守约；践约missanappointment失约；爽约(3)appointedadj.约定的；指定的suitn.一套外衣；套装vt.适合；使适宜(P34)(1)单句语法填空①Heboughtasmallnotebook,whichwasverysuitablehimwhileonbusinessbecauseofitsconvenience.②Onlyinthatwaycanyoufindjobsthatarebestsuitedyourabilitiesandinterests.③They'dsoonbepennilessandhomelessifshecouldn'tfind(suit)work.④JimandMaryseem(suit)toeachother,inspiteoftheirquarrels.答案：①for②to/for③suitable④suited(2)用fit/suit/match的适当形式完成句子Iwanttotakethisjacketbecauseitmewellandmytrousers,thoughthestyledoesn'tme.答案：fits;matches;suit(1)a_suit_of一套/副(2)suitsb.fine很合某人的意；对某人很合适suit...to...使……适合于……(3)suitableadj.适当的；相配的besuitablefor适合于besuitableto_do_sth.适合做某事(4)suitedadj.合适；适宜；般配的besuitedfor/to...适合做……；适合于……[易混辨析]suit多指合乎需要、口味、性格、条件、地位、场合等match多指色调、形状、性质等方面互相匹配fit多指服装合身，也可指物体的形状/尺寸合适anxiousadj.忧虑的；不安的(P38)单句语法填空①Watchinghimclimbupthecliff,everybodywasbreathlessanxiety.②It'snaturalforparentstobeanxioustheirchildren'sfuture.③Asyouknow,everybodyisanxious(see)hisarticlepublishedassoonaspossible.④Ifyouareworriedaboutyourhealth,shareyour(anxious)withyourdoctor.⑤Wewaited(anxious)forourexaminationresults.答案：①with②about③tosee④anxieties⑤anxiously(1)be/beeanxiousaboutsth.对某事忧虑/担心beanxiousforsth.渴望得到某物beanxiousforsb.为某人担心beanxious(forsb.)todo...渴望(某人)做……beanxiousthat...担心/渴望……(2)anxiouslyadv.忧虑地；不安地(3)anxietyn.担心；焦虑；渴望anxietyforsth.对某事的渴望withanxiety焦虑地panicn.惊慌；恐慌vi.&vt.惊慌(P38)(1)单句语法填空①Thethievesfledpanicassoonastheysawthepoliceman.②Thewholeclass(panic)whentheteachersaidthattherewouldbeaquiztoday.答案：①in②panicked(2)单句写作我迷路了。不是惊慌失措，而是待在原地等待救援。Ilostmyway.Insteadof，IstayedwhereIwas,waitingforrescue.答案：gettingintoapanic(1)panicsb.intodoingsth.使某人仓惶行事；使仓促行动；吓得某人做某事(2)getintoapanic惊慌失措(表动作)inpanic惊慌失措地inastateofpanic处于惊慌状态amomentofpanic一时的惊慌(3)panic的过去式和过去分词均为：panickedguaranteevt.保证；担保n.保证；保证书(P39)单句语法填空①Weguarantee(deliver)yourgoodswithinaweek.②Canyougivemeaguaranteetheworkwillbefinishedontime?③Thecarislessthanayearold,soitisstillguarantee.答案：①todeliver②that③under(1)guaranteesb.sth.保证某人某事guaranteetodosth.保证/担保做某事beguaranteedtodosth.肯定会/势必会做某事(2)givesb.aguaranteethat...向某人保证……underguarantee在保修期内makeone'sway前往；取得成功(P35)用way相关短语的适当形式填空①Solongasyouworkhard,youcaninlife.②Couldyoumailtheselettersdowntown?③Withoutexperienceinit,wehaveto.④TheGreatWallacrossnorthChinalikeahugedragon.答案：①makeyourway②onyourway③feelourway④windsitswaymakewayfor...为……让路inthis/thatway用这种/那种方法onone'swayto...在去……的路上feelone'sway摸索着前进loseone'sway迷路windone'sway蜿蜒向前forceone'swayout挤出去；冲出去varyfrom...to...由……到……不等(P39)单句语法填空①Officehoursvarypanytopanyandcountrytocountry.②Roomsvarysizeandsomeareequippedwithtelevisionsandtelephones.③Thepricesofsomevegetablesvarytheseason.④Theradiostationhadanopenlineonwhichlistenerscouldcalluptodiscuss(vary)issues.⑤Everysolidobjectwillreflectasound,(vary)accordingtothesizeandnatureoftheobject.⑥Malaysia,amultiracialandmulticulturalcountry,isfamousforits(vary)offood.答案：①from②in③with④various⑤varying⑥varieties(1)varywith...随……而变化varyinsize/colour大小/颜色不一样varybetween...and.../from...to...由……到……情况不等；在……到……之间变动(2)varietyn.种类，多样化；变化variousadj.各种各样的；多方面的avarietyof＝varietiesof＝various各种各样的Theothertwoclimbeddownintothecratertocollectsomelavaforlaterstudy,butthisbeingmyfirstexperience,Istayedatthetopandwatchedthem.(P35)(1)单句语法填空①Time(permit),studentscanfindapart­timejobtodecreasetheburdenoftheirfamily.②Muchtime(spend)sittingatadesk,officeworkersaregenerallytroubledbyhealthproblems.③There(be)nolight,wehadtofeelourwayinthedark.答案：①permitting②spent③being(2)一句多译整座房子只有这一扇窗子是临街的，因此无论从对面或是从侧面都不必担心邻居的窥视。①inthehousefacingthestreet,sononeighbours'glancesweretobefearedfromacrossthestreetorattheside.(并列句)②inthehousefacingthestreet,noneighbours'glancesweretobefearedfromacrossthestreetorattheside.(独立主格)答案：①Thiswastheonlywindow②Thisbeingtheonlywindowthisbeingmyfirstexperience是独立主格结构。独立主格结构主要由“n./pron.＋v.­ing/v.­ed/todo/adj./adv./prep.”构成。此结构中，名词或代词起着逻辑主语的作用，其他部分表示状态、状况或动作。独立主格结构本身不是句子，但在语意上相当于一个句子，在句子中作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、伴随等。独立主格结构一般用逗号与句子主体部分分开。[名师点津]独立主格构成形式：(1)独立分词结构：名词或代词主格＋分词(2)独立不定式结构：名词或代词主格＋不定式(3)名词或代词主格＋形容词(副词、名词、介词短语)(4)There/It/This/Thatbeing＋名词/代词主格(5)with复合结构Itissaidthatthisboy,whohadagreatgiftforlanguagesandpersuasion,isthefatheroftheManchupeople.(P39)(1)单句语法填空①Heisthought(act)foolishly.Nowhehasnoonebuthimselftoblameforlosingthejob.②Carbondioxideissaid(heat)theearthtwiceasquicklyaspreviouslyfeared.答案：①tohaveacted②tobeheating(2)一句多译据说前几天她写了一篇关于野生动物保护的报告。①shewroteareportaboutwildlifeprotectiontheotherday.②Sheaboutwildlifeprotectiontheotherday.答案：①Itissaidthat②issaidtohavewrittenareport句中Itissaidthat...为固定句式，意为“据说……”，it为形式主语，真正的主语为that引导的主语从句。该结构相当于peoplesaythat...，还可以改成“Sb.issaidtodosth.”结构，其中不定式有时态和语态的变化。类似结构：课文语法填空分钟Ihavethegreatestjobintheworld.Itraveltounusualplacesandworkalongsidepeoplefromallovertheworld.Althoughmyjobisoccasionally1(danger),Idon'tmindbecausedangerexcitesmeandmakesmefeelalive.I2(appoint)asavolcanologistworkingfortheHawaiianVolcanoObservatorytwentyyearsago.MyjobiscollectinginformationforadatabaseaboutMountKilauea,3isoneofthemostactivevolcanoesinHawaii.Havingcollectedandevaluatedthe4(inform),Ihelpothervolcanologiststopredictwherelavafromthevolcanowillflownextandhowfast.Ourworkhassavedmanylivesbecausepeople5thepathofthelavacanbewarnedtoleavetheirhouses.6(fortunate),wecannotmovetheirhomesoutoftheway,andmanyhouseshavebeencoveredwithlavaorburnedto7ground.Today,Iamjust8enthusiasticaboutmyjobasthedayIfirststarted.9(study)volcanoesnowformanyyears,Iamstill10(amaze)attheirbeautyaswellastheirpotentialtocausegreatdamage.1．2.3.4.5.6．7.8.9.10.答案：1.dangerous2.wasrmation5.in6.Unfortunately7.the8.as9.Havingstudied10.amazed▲information“信息”，为纯不可数名词，即在任何情况下都没有复数形式，前面也不可加不定冠词。高中阶段常见的纯不可数名词还有：progress(进步)，advice(建议)，equipment(设备)，space(空间),fun(有趣)等。▲“Havingcollectedandevaluated”是现在分词的完成式，在句中作状语。现在分词与句子的逻辑主语之间是主动关系。现在分词的一般式常表示该动作与句子谓语动词表示的动作同时或几乎同时发生，而现在分词的完成式则表示该动作早于句子谓语动词表示的动作发生。随堂检测分钟Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Afirebrokeoutinourtownrecentlyandalargefactory(burn)totheground.答案：wasburned/burnt2．Hemadehisreasonsforresigning(absolute)clear.答案：absolutely3．Thepopstarwalkedoutofthestage,(wave)herhandselegantlytohercrazyfans.答案：waving4．Itisthesecondtimethatthevolcano(erupt)inlessthanamonth.答案：haserupted5．Thisstudymaycontributetotreating(anxious)andstressbetter.答案：anxiety6．IwasabouttohandinthepaperIfoundanothermistakeandthencorrecteditcarefully.答案：when7．This(be)myfirstperformance,IwassonervousthatIfeltIcouldhardlybreathe.答案：being8．(wait)inthequeueforhalfanhour,theoldmansuddenlyrealizedhehadleftthechequeinthecar.答案：Havingwaited9．Thesunbegantoriseinthesky,(bathe)themountainingoldenlight.答案：bathing10．ChangbaishanisChina'slargestnaturereserveandishomeroedeer.答案：toⅡ.教材微写作A．根据提示完成句子1．我的朋友李华是一个很有潜力的人。(potentialabilities)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Myfriend,LiHua,isapersonwhohaspotentialabilities.2．大学毕业后他被任命为一名消防队员。(appoint...as...)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Aftergraduatingfromcollege,hewasappointedasafirefighter.3．一天下班后，他正要去购物，这时他发现一间房屋着火了。(breakout)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Onedayafterwork,hewasabouttogoshoppingwhenhefoundafirebrokeoutinahouse.4．跑到现场，他匆匆地看了一下火情，穿过人群，不惊不慌地冲进燃烧的建筑物里。(glancethrough)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Rushingtothespotandglancingthroughthesituationofthefire,hemadehiswaythroughthecrowdwithoutpanic,andwentintotheburningbuilding.5．他冒着生命危险救出了被困的五个孩子。(risk)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Riskinghisownlife,hesavedfivechildrentrappedinthefire.6．他的英勇行为受到了同事和领导的表扬。(becauseof)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Becauseofhisheroicbehavior,hewaspraisedbyhiscolleaguesandleader.B．将以上句子连成一篇逻辑严密的短文，注意书写规范答案：Myfriend,LiHua,isapersonwhohaspotentialabilities.Aftergraduatingfromcollege,hewa